CN114400805B - Rotor structure of permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents
Rotor structure of permanent magnet synchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN114400805B CN114400805B CN202210083268.0A CN202210083268A CN114400805B CN 114400805 B CN114400805 B CN 114400805B CN 202210083268 A CN202210083268 A CN 202210083268A CN 114400805 B CN114400805 B CN 114400805B
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000271 Kevlar® Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004761 kevlar Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 35
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/32—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/22—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by solid heat conducting material embedded in, or arranged in contact with, the stator or rotor, e.g. heat bridges
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises: a rotating shaft which rotates around an axis; the rotor iron core is sleeved on the outer side of the rotating shaft; the permanent magnet group is arranged on the outer side of the rotor iron core; the filler is arranged on the outer side of the rotor core, and a chute is formed between the filler and the permanent magnet group; the composite sheath, the composite sheath cup joints in permanent magnet group and filler outside, and the composite sheath includes: the heat conducting layer wraps the permanent magnet group and the filler is arranged; and the sheath rings are wrapped on the outer side of the heat conducting layer at intervals along the axis direction. The application mainly solves the problem of difficult heat dissipation of the rotor of the traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Background
In the prior art, high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motors have attracted attention for special industrial applications, and have become an indispensable technology, especially in high-capacity compact systems such as machine tool spindle drives, turbo compressors and micro turbines, where the high-speed permanent magnet motors can be directly coupled to the drive or turbine without a separate mechanical gear to obtain high rotational torque.
However, due to mechanical stress caused by high-speed rotation of the rotor in the motor, power loss caused by high-frequency input power, control, bearing, heat dissipation and cooling technologies need to be improved, and various electrical and mechanical problems may occur; the existing method for cooling the rotor by radiating heat directly ventilates in the axial direction, so that the rotor is separated from cooling gas, particularly, the permanent magnet can only contact the outer surface with the cooling gas, the permanent magnet is demagnetized due to insufficient heat radiation of the permanent magnet, and finally the high-speed motor is crashed, meanwhile, the traditional sheath structure has the problems that the sheath is too thick, the eddy current loss is greatly increased, the rotor is difficult to radiate heat, and the like, and the requirement of high strength cannot be met by using a thin sheath.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which can meet the rated working condition operation of a high-speed motor, protect permanent magnets, greatly improve the heat dissipation capacity of the rotor and prevent the eddy current loss of the rotor from being greatly increased.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application adopts the following technical scheme:
a rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, comprising:
a rotating shaft which rotates around an axis;
the rotor iron core is sleeved on the outer side of the rotating shaft;
the permanent magnet group is arranged on the outer side of the rotor iron core;
the compound sheath, compound sheath cup joints in the permanent magnet group outside, and compound sheath includes:
the heat conducting layer is arranged by wrapping the permanent magnet group and is used for conducting heat;
the sheath rings are wrapped on the outer side of the heat conducting layer at intervals along the axis direction and are used for improving the strength of the composite sheath;
the filler is arranged between the rotor core and the composite sheath, the filler is at least partially attached to the permanent magnet group, the attaching part is adjacent to the two axial ends of the composite sheath, a chute is formed between the filler and the permanent magnet group, the opening direction of the chute is basically parallel to the axis direction, and the chute is used for increasing the contact area between the permanent magnet group and air.
Preferably, the permanent magnet group comprises permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are in the shape of a sector ring body, and the circle center of the sector ring body is positioned on the axis.
Preferably, at least two permanent magnets are provided, and the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet group are arranged substantially along the axial direction.
Preferably, the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet groups are identical, the permanent magnets in the single permanent magnet group are arranged in a step shape, two inclined slots are formed between the single permanent magnet group and the filler, and the opening directions of the two inclined slots are opposite.
Preferably, the lengths of the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet groups are different, the permanent magnets in the single permanent magnet group are sequentially arranged along the axis direction according to the longer or shorter length, one side of each permanent magnet in the single permanent magnet group is attached to one filler, and the permanent magnet with the longest length in the single permanent magnet group is attached to the other filler.
Preferably, the filler is in the shape of a sector ring body, the circle center of the sector ring body is positioned on the axis, and the filler is arranged around the axis.
Preferably, the filler comprises:
and the ventilation channel penetrates through the filler along the axial direction.
Preferably, the composite sheath further comprises:
the annular grooves are arranged on the outer side of the heat conducting layer at intervals along the axial direction, and the sheath ring is sleeved in the annular grooves.
Preferably, the material of the heat conductive layer is at least one of iron alloy, aluminum alloy or titanium alloy.
Preferably, the material of the collar is at least one of carbon fiber, kevlar or nylon.
Compared with the prior art, the application has at least the following beneficial effects:
in the rotor structure of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet groups are arranged in a step shape, and the filler is attached to the head permanent magnets and the tail permanent magnets in the permanent magnet groups, so that a chute is formed, the opening of the chute faces the outer side of the rotor structure, the contact area of the permanent magnets and air is increased, and the heat dissipation efficiency is improved.
In the rotor structure, the composite sheath is made of two materials, so that the effects of small thickness and high strength of the composite sheath are realized, and the thickness of the composite sheath is thinned and phase-changed to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the rotor structure.
In addition, in the rotor structure, the filler is attached to the permanent magnet group to prevent the corners of the permanent magnets from puncturing the composite sheath, so that the purpose of protecting the composite sheath is realized; the ventilating duct is arranged in the filler, so that the heat dissipation of the rotor structure is facilitated; and the ring groove is arranged on the heat conducting layer, so that the ring groove is favorable for fixing the sheath ring and preventing the sheath ring from separating from the heat conducting layer.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic axial view of a rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the present application;
fig. 2 is a front view of a rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the present application;
fig. 3 is a top view of a rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic isometric view of one implementation of the present application with the composite sheath removed;
FIG. 6 is a top view of the composite sheath removed in accordance with one implementation of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic isometric view of another implementation of the present application with the composite sheath removed;
fig. 8 is a top view of another implementation of the present application with the composite sheath removed.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Embodiment one:
referring to fig. 1 to 4, a rotor structure 100 of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of the present embodiment includes a rotating shaft 11, a rotor core 12, a permanent magnet group 13, a filler 14, and a composite sheath 15. The rotating shaft 11, the rotor core 12, the permanent magnet group 13 and the composite sheath 15 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and the filler 14 and the permanent magnet group 13 are positioned on the same layer. The shaft 11 rotates about the axis 101; the rotor core 12 is sleeved outside the rotating shaft 11; the permanent magnet group 13 is arranged outside the rotor core 12; the composite sheath 15 is sleeved outside the permanent magnet group 13, and the composite sheath 15 comprises: the permanent magnet group 13 is wrapped by the heat conduction layer 151 and the sheath ring 152, the heat conduction layer 151 is used for conducting heat, the sheath ring 152 is wrapped on the outer side of the heat conduction layer 151 at intervals along the axial direction, and the sheath ring 152 is used for improving the strength of the composite sheath 15; the filler 14, the filler 14 sets up between rotor core 12 and compound sheath 15, and filler 14 and permanent magnet group 13 are laminated at least partially, and the laminating department is close to the axial both ends of compound sheath 15, and is formed with chute 16 between filler 14 and the permanent magnet group 13, and chute 16 opening direction is basically parallel with the axis 101 direction, and chute 16 is used for increasing permanent magnet group 13 and the area of contact of air.
The rotating shaft 11 rotates around the axis 101, the rotor core 12 is sleeved on the outer side of the rotating shaft 11, and the rotating shaft 11 rotates to drive the rotor core 12 to rotate, namely, the rotor core 12 also rotates around the axis 101. It can be understood that the rotary shaft 11 is in the shape of a cylinder, the rotor core 12 is in the shape of a ring body, the ring body is sleeved on the outer side of the cylinder, and the rotation of the cylinder drives the ring body to rotate synchronously. The permanent magnet group 13 and the filler 14 are disposed outside the rotor core 12, and the permanent magnet group 13 is disposed outside the rotor core 12 in a circumferential array, the center of which is located on the axis 101. The chute 16 is formed between the filler 14 and the permanent magnet group 13, the opening of the chute 16 faces the outer side of the rotor structure 100 along the axial direction, and the chute 16 can increase the contact area between the permanent magnet group 13 and air, so that the heat dissipation area of the permanent magnet group 13 is increased, namely, the heat dissipation of the rotor structure 100 is facilitated. The composite sheath 15 is sleeved outside the permanent magnet group 13 and the filler 14, and the arrangement of the composite sheath 15 can prevent the permanent magnets 131 from separating from the rotor structure 100 when the rotor structure 100 rotates at a high speed. The composite sheath 15 comprises a heat conducting layer 151 and a sheath ring 152, the heat conducting layer 151 wraps the permanent magnet group 13 and the filler 14, the heat conducting layer 151 is used for conducting heat of the rotor structure 100, namely, the heat conducting layer 151 absorbs heat inside the rotor structure 100 and dissipates heat through heat exchange between the heat conducting layer 151 and outside air, the sheath ring 152 is arranged outside the heat conducting layer 151 in a surrounding mode at intervals along the axis 101 direction, the sheath ring 152 can strengthen the strength of the composite sheath 15, and the sheath ring 152 is arranged at intervals and can reduce the influence of the sheath ring 152 on the heat conducting layer 151.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the heat conductive layer 151 in the composite sheath 15 is provided to wrap the permanent magnet group 13 and the filler 14, and the sheath ring 152 is provided to wrap the outer side of the heat conductive layer 151 at intervals in the direction of the axis 101. The heat conducting layer 151 is used for conducting heat, that is, the heat inside the rotor structure 100 is conducted to the heat conducting layer 151, and the heat conducting layer 151 dissipates heat through heat exchange with air. The higher the heat conduction efficiency of the heat conduction layer 151, the better the heat dissipation performance of the rotor structure 100. The material of the heat conductive layer 151 is at least one of an iron alloy, an aluminum alloy, or a titanium alloy, and the material has high heat conductivity and can effectively conduct heat, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the rotor structure 100. The collar 152 is used for binding the heat conducting layer 151, so that the strength and rigidity of the composite sheath 15 are improved, and the strength requirement of the heat conducting layer 151 is reduced, namely, the thickness of the heat conducting layer 151 can be thinned, so that the phase change improves the heat dissipation efficiency, and the eddy current loss caused by the excessive thickness of the composite sheath 15 is reduced. The material of the collar 152 is at least one of carbon fiber, kevlar or nylon, which has the advantages of high temperature resistance, friction resistance, electric conduction, heat conduction, corrosion resistance, etc., and the carbon fiber is softer than the iron alloy, etc., but has poorer heat conduction. The composite sheath 15 is provided with an interference amount at the time of installation, which resists centrifugal force when the rotor structure 100 rotates at a high speed, thereby protecting the permanent magnets 131. It will be appreciated that this interference is achieved substantially by the collar 152, the collar 152 binding the thermally conductive layer 151, thereby achieving the setting of the interference of the composite sheath 15. Obviously, the composite sheath 15 made of iron alloy and other materials has strong thermal conductivity, strong electrical conductivity and large thickness, the thermal conductivity is strong, the heat dissipation efficiency of the composite sheath 15 can be improved, the electrical conductivity is strong, the eddy current loss in the composite sheath 15 is easy to be large, and the thickness is large, so that the heat dissipation of the rotor structure 100 is not facilitated; the composite sheath 15 made of carbon fiber and other materials has small thickness, high tensile strength, low electrical conductivity, high impact resistance, low puncture resistance against sharp objects, low thermal conductivity, low thickness, low cost, high tensile strength, high impact resistance, high strength of the composite sheath 15, low eddy current loss in the composite sheath 15, high impact resistance, high durability, high permanent magnet 131 wrapping performance, and low thermal conductivity, and is not beneficial to heat dissipation of the composite sheath 15. In summary, the composite sheath 15 formed by combining the material such as the iron alloy and the material such as the carbon fiber, that is, the composite sheath 15 in this embodiment, the heat conducting layer 151 made of the material such as the iron alloy is thin, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the composite sheath 15 can be effectively improved, the manufacturing cost of the composite sheath 15 can be reduced, and the eddy current loss in the composite sheath 15 can be reduced. The heat conducting layer 151 is arranged to wrap the permanent magnet 131, so that the puncture possibility of the permanent magnet 131 to the composite sheath 15 can be reduced. The heat conduction layer 151 is bound to the sheath ring 152 made of carbon fiber and other materials, interference fit between the composite sheath 15 and the permanent magnet group 13 can be effectively achieved through high tensile strength of the carbon fiber, sinking of the composite sheath 15 can be effectively avoided through high impact resistance of the carbon fiber and other materials, the sheath rings 152 are arranged at intervals, the contact area between the heat conduction layer 151 and air is close to the maximum, and heat dissipation of the heat conduction layer 151 is effectively prevented from being hindered by the sheath ring 152.
The composite sheath 15 further includes annular grooves 153, and the annular grooves 153 are disposed at intervals outside the heat conducting layer 151 along the direction of the axis 101, and the annular grooves 153 are recessed into the heat conducting layer 151. The collar 152 is disposed in the ring groove 153, so as to effectively prevent the collar 152 from separating from the heat conductive layer 151. Secondly, the annular groove 153 can increase the contact area between the sheath ring 152 and the heat conducting layer 151, and under the condition that the pressure of the sheath ring 152 on the heat conducting layer 151 is unchanged, the larger the contact area between the sheath ring 152 and the heat conducting layer 151 is, the smaller the pressure applied to the heat conducting layer 151 is, so that the load of the heat conducting layer 151 is reduced, and the service life of the heat conducting layer 151 is prolonged, namely the service life of the rotor structure 100 is prolonged. The cross-sectional shape of the ring groove 153 substantially matches the cross-sectional shape of the sheath ring 152, i.e., the sheath ring 152 can completely fill the ring groove 153, thereby smoothing the surface of the heat conductive layer 151.
Referring to fig. 5 to 6, the permanent magnet group 13 includes a plurality of permanent magnets 131, i.e., the permanent magnet group 13 is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets 131. The permanent magnets 131 within a single permanent magnet group 13 are arranged substantially in the direction of the axis 101 and are arranged substantially in a stepwise manner. It will be appreciated that a single permanent magnet group 13 is made up of a plurality of permanent magnets 131 arranged substantially along the axis 101, which inhibit the formation of large eddy currents during operation of the motor, thereby reducing eddy current losses. It will be appreciated that the permanent magnets 131 are fixed to the outside of the rotor core 12 by means of bonding, so that the number of permanent magnets 131 in a single permanent magnet group 13 is arranged in a stepwise manner. It will be appreciated that the number of permanent magnets 131 within a single permanent magnet group 13 is at least two, such that a chute 16 is formed between the permanent magnet group 13 and the filler 14. The permanent magnet 131 is located between the rotor core 12 and the heat conducting layer 151, in order to improve space utilization, the permanent magnet 131 is attached to the rotor core 12, that is, at least one side surface of the permanent magnet 131 corresponds to an outer curved surface of the rotor core 12, that is, at least one side surface of the permanent magnet 131 is an arc surface, and a center of the arc surface is located on the axis 101. The heat conduction layer 151 wraps the permanent magnet group 13, the composite sheath 15 in the traditional rotor structure 100 is a ring body, the heat conduction layer 151 in the embodiment is also arranged as the ring body, the heat conduction layer 151 is arranged as the ring body, compared with other shapes, the space utilization rate can be improved, the deformation possibility of the composite sheath 15 is reduced, and the setting of the interference magnitude of the composite sheath 15 is facilitated. In order to match the ring shape of the heat conducting layer 151 and improve the space utilization, at least one side surface of the permanent magnet 131 corresponds to the inner curved surface of the heat conducting layer 151, that is, at least one side surface of the permanent magnet 131 is a cambered surface, and the center of the cambered surface is located on the axis 101. In summary, the permanent magnet 131 is an inner curved surface matching with the outer curved surface of the rotor core 12 and the heat conducting layer 151, at least two sides of the permanent magnet 131 are cambered surfaces, and the centers of the two cambered surfaces are located on the axis 101. In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 131 is a ring body, at least two sides of the ring body are arc surfaces, and the centers of the two arc surfaces are identical. In addition, the fan ring body is also advantageous in a stepped arrangement, thereby simplifying the arrangement of the permanent magnets 131.
Referring to fig. 2, 5 and 6, the filler 14 is located between the rotor core 12 and the heat conductive layer 151, and the filler 14 is used to support the composite sheath 15, avoiding the composite sheath 15 from being depressed. The filler 14 may be configured as a sector ring body, so that one cambered surface of the filler 14 is attached to the outer curved surface of the rotor core 12, and the other cambered surface of the filler 14 is attached to the inner curved surface of the heat conducting layer 151, so that the support of the filler 14 to the heat conducting layer 151 is improved, and the heat conducting layer 151 is prevented from being sunken, namely, the composite sheath 15 is prevented from being sunken. It will be appreciated that the material of the filler 14 may be an epoxy resin, which has high strength, good electrical insulation properties, adhesion to various materials, and flexibility in its use process. In addition, a chute 16 is formed between the filler 14 and the permanent magnet group 13, and the chute 16 is used for increasing the contact area between the permanent magnet group 13 and the air, thereby facilitating the heat dissipation of the permanent magnet group 13.
The filler 14 is attached to the permanent magnet group 13 in the following manner: of the permanent magnets 131 disposed in the permanent magnet group 13 in the direction of the axis 101, the permanent magnets 131 at the head and tail thereof are attached to the filler 14, and the permanent magnets 131 at the head are attached to the side face of one filler 14, and the permanent magnets 131 at the tail are attached to the side face of the other filler 14. The remaining permanent magnets 131 are separated from the filler 14, thereby forming two inclined grooves 16, and the openings of the two inclined grooves 16 are in the axial direction and opposite directions. The fitting mode enables the composite sheath 15 to be supported by the filler 14 and the permanent magnet group 13 in the circumferential direction, so that the composite sheath 15 is prevented from being pressed and dented, namely the strength and the rigidity of the composite sheath 15 are enhanced. It will be appreciated that the number of chute 16 is twice the number of permanent magnet groups 13 and that the number of fillers 14 is the same as the number of permanent magnet groups 13. It can be appreciated that the end-to-end permanent magnets 131 in the permanent magnet group 13 are attached to the filler 14, and the attaching manner can avoid the contact between the edges of the permanent magnets 131 and the composite sheath 15, i.e. avoid the edges of the permanent magnets 131 penetrating the composite sheath 15, thereby protecting the composite sheath 15 by the filler 14, and improving the service life of the rotor structure 100. The shape and the size of the permanent magnets 131 in any permanent magnet group 13 are completely the same, and the arrangement of the permanent magnets 131 with the same shape and size can simplify the processing steps of the permanent magnets 131, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the rotor structure 100, enabling the performance of each permanent magnet 131 to be the same, and improving the stability of the rotor structure 100 during operation.
The filler 14 is further provided with an air duct 141, and the air duct 141 is used for improving the heat dissipation effect of the rotor structure 100. The air duct 141 extends through the filler 14 in the direction of the axis 101, and when wind enters from the end cover of the motor, the wind path formed by the wind extends substantially in the direction of the axis 101, i.e. the wind path is substantially parallel to the air duct 141, so that the wind passes through the rotor structure 100, and when the wind passes through the rotor structure 100, heat in part of the rotor structure 100 can be taken away by heat exchange. The air passage is substantially parallel to the air passage 141, and the heat dissipation effect of the air passage 141 can be maximized when the rotor structure 100 is at rest.
Embodiment two:
referring to fig. 1 to 4, a rotor structure 100 of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the present embodiment includes a rotating shaft 11, a rotor core 12, a permanent magnet group 13, a filler 14 and a composite sheath 15, where the rotating shaft 11, the rotor core 12, the permanent magnet group 13 and the composite sheath 15 are sequentially disposed from inside to outside, and the filler 14 and the permanent magnet group 13 are located at the same layer. The rotating shaft 11 rotates around the axis 101, the rotor core 12 is sleeved on the outer side of the rotating shaft 11, and the rotating shaft 11 rotates to drive the rotor core 12 to rotate, namely, the rotor core 12 also rotates around the axis 101. It can be understood that the rotary shaft 11 is in the shape of a cylinder, the rotor core 12 is in the shape of a ring body, the ring body is sleeved on the outer side of the cylinder, and the rotation of the cylinder drives the ring body to rotate synchronously. The permanent magnet group 13 and the filler 14 are disposed outside the rotor core 12, and the permanent magnet group 13 is disposed outside the rotor core 12 in a circumferential array, the center of which is located on the axis 101. The chute 16 is formed between the filler 14 and the permanent magnet group 13, the opening of the chute 16 faces the outer side of the rotor structure 100 along the axial direction, and the chute 16 can increase the contact area between the permanent magnet group 13 and air, so that the heat dissipation area of the permanent magnet group 13 is increased, namely, the heat dissipation of the rotor structure 100 is facilitated. The composite sheath 15 is sleeved outside the permanent magnet group 13 and the filler 14, and the arrangement of the composite sheath 15 can prevent the permanent magnets 131 from separating from the rotor structure 100 when the rotor structure 100 rotates at a high speed. The composite sheath 15 comprises a heat conducting layer 151 and a sheath ring 152, the heat conducting layer 151 wraps the permanent magnet group 13 and the filler 14, the heat conducting layer 151 is used for conducting heat of the rotor structure 100, namely, the heat conducting layer 151 absorbs heat inside the rotor structure 100 and dissipates heat through heat exchange between the heat conducting layer 151 and outside air, the sheath ring 152 is arranged outside the heat conducting layer 151 in a surrounding mode at intervals along the axis 101 direction, the sheath ring 152 can strengthen the strength of the composite sheath 15, and the sheath ring 152 is arranged at intervals and can reduce the influence of the sheath ring 152 on the heat conducting layer 151.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the heat conductive layer 151 in the composite sheath 15 is provided to wrap the permanent magnet group 13 and the filler 14, and the sheath ring 152 is provided to wrap the outer side of the heat conductive layer 151 at intervals in the direction of the axis 101. The heat conducting layer 151 is used for conducting heat, that is, the heat inside the rotor structure 100 is conducted to the heat conducting layer 151, and the heat conducting layer 151 dissipates heat through heat exchange with air. The higher the heat conduction efficiency of the heat conduction layer 151, the better the heat dissipation performance of the rotor structure 100. The material of the heat conductive layer 151 is iron alloy, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, or the like, which has high heat conductivity and can effectively conduct heat, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the rotor structure 100. The collar 152 is used for binding the heat conducting layer 151, so that the strength and rigidity of the composite sheath 15 are improved, and the strength requirement of the heat conducting layer 151 is reduced, namely, the thickness of the heat conducting layer 151 can be thinned, so that the phase change improves the heat dissipation efficiency, and the eddy current loss caused by the excessive thickness of the composite sheath 15 is reduced. The material of the collar 152 is carbon fiber, kevlar or nylon, which has the advantages of high temperature resistance, friction resistance, electric conduction, heat conduction, corrosion resistance, etc., and the material of carbon fiber is softer than the material of iron alloy, etc., but the heat conduction is worse. The composite sheath 15 is provided with an interference amount at the time of installation, which resists centrifugal force when the rotor structure 100 rotates at a high speed, thereby protecting the permanent magnets 131. It will be appreciated that this interference is achieved substantially by the collar 152, the collar 152 binding the thermally conductive layer 151, thereby achieving the setting of the interference of the composite sheath 15. Obviously, the composite sheath 15 made of iron alloy and other materials has strong thermal conductivity, strong electrical conductivity and large thickness, the thermal conductivity is strong, the heat dissipation efficiency of the composite sheath 15 can be improved, the electrical conductivity is strong, the eddy current loss in the composite sheath 15 is easy to be large, and the thickness is large, so that the heat dissipation of the rotor structure 100 is not facilitated; the composite sheath 15 made of carbon fiber and other materials has small thickness, high tensile strength, low electrical conductivity, high impact resistance, low puncture resistance against sharp objects, low thermal conductivity, low thickness, low cost, high tensile strength, high impact resistance, high strength of the composite sheath 15, low eddy current loss in the composite sheath 15, high impact resistance, high durability, high permanent magnet 131 wrapping performance, and low thermal conductivity, and is not beneficial to heat dissipation of the composite sheath 15. In summary, the composite sheath 15 formed by combining the material such as the iron alloy and the material such as the carbon fiber, that is, the composite sheath 15 in this embodiment, the heat conducting layer 151 made of the material such as the iron alloy is thin, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the composite sheath 15 can be effectively improved, the manufacturing cost of the composite sheath 15 can be reduced, and the eddy current loss in the composite sheath 15 can be reduced. The heat conducting layer 151 is arranged to wrap the permanent magnet 131, so that the puncture possibility of the permanent magnet 131 to the composite sheath 15 can be reduced. The heat conduction layer 151 is bound to the sheath ring 152 made of carbon fiber and other materials, interference fit between the composite sheath 15 and the permanent magnet group 13 can be effectively achieved through high tensile strength of the carbon fiber, sinking of the composite sheath 15 can be effectively avoided through high impact resistance of the carbon fiber and other materials, the sheath rings 152 are arranged at intervals, the contact area between the heat conduction layer 151 and air is close to the maximum, and heat dissipation of the heat conduction layer 151 is effectively prevented from being hindered by the sheath ring 152.
The composite sheath 15 further includes annular grooves 153, and the annular grooves 153 are disposed at intervals outside the heat conducting layer 151 along the direction of the axis 101, and the annular grooves 153 are recessed into the heat conducting layer 151. The collar 152 is disposed in the ring groove 153, so as to effectively prevent the collar 152 from separating from the heat conductive layer 151. Secondly, the annular groove 153 can increase the contact area between the sheath ring 152 and the heat conducting layer 151, and under the condition that the pressure of the sheath ring 152 on the heat conducting layer 151 is unchanged, the larger the contact area between the sheath ring 152 and the heat conducting layer 151 is, the smaller the pressure applied to the heat conducting layer 151 is, so that the load of the heat conducting layer 151 is reduced, and the service life of the heat conducting layer 151 is prolonged, namely the service life of the rotor structure 100 is prolonged. The cross-sectional shape of the ring groove 153 substantially matches the cross-sectional shape of the sheath ring 152, i.e., the sheath ring 152 can completely fill the ring groove 153, thereby smoothing the surface of the heat conductive layer 151.
Referring to fig. 7 to 8, the permanent magnet group 13 includes a plurality of permanent magnets 131, i.e., the permanent magnet group 13 is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets. The lengths of the permanent magnets 131 in the permanent magnet groups 13 are different, the permanent magnets 131 in the single permanent magnet group 13 are sequentially arranged along the axial direction according to the longer or shorter lengths, one side of each permanent magnet 131 in the single permanent magnet group 13 is attached to one filler 14, and the permanent magnet 131 with the longest length in the single permanent magnet group 13 is attached to the other filler 14. It will be appreciated that a single permanent magnet group 13 is made up of a plurality of permanent magnets 131 arranged substantially along the axis 101, which inhibit the formation of large eddy currents during operation of the motor, thereby reducing eddy current losses. It will be appreciated that the permanent magnets 131 are fixed to the outside of the rotor core 12 by means of bonding, thereby facilitating the alignment of several permanent magnets 131 within a single permanent magnet group 13. It will be appreciated that the number of permanent magnets 131 within a single permanent magnet group 13 is at least two, such that a chute 16 is formed between the permanent magnet group 13 and the filler 14. The permanent magnet 131 is located between the rotor core 12 and the heat conducting layer 151, in order to improve space utilization, the permanent magnet 131 is attached to the rotor core 12, that is, at least one side surface of the permanent magnet 131 corresponds to an outer curved surface of the rotor core 12, that is, at least one side surface of the permanent magnet 131 is an arc surface, and a center of the arc surface is located on the axis 101. The heat conduction layer 151 wraps the permanent magnet group 13, the composite sheath 15 in the traditional rotor structure 100 is a ring body, the heat conduction layer 151 in the embodiment is also arranged as the ring body, the heat conduction layer 151 is arranged as the ring body, compared with other shapes, the space utilization rate can be improved, the deformation possibility of the composite sheath 15 is reduced, and the setting of the interference magnitude of the composite sheath 15 is facilitated. In order to match the ring shape of the heat conducting layer 151 and improve the space utilization, at least one side surface of the permanent magnet 131 corresponds to the inner curved surface of the heat conducting layer 151, that is, at least one side surface of the permanent magnet 131 is a cambered surface, and the center of the cambered surface is located on the axis 101. In summary, the permanent magnet 131 is an inner curved surface matching with the outer curved surface of the rotor core 12 and the heat conducting layer 151, at least two sides of the permanent magnet 131 are cambered surfaces, and the centers of the two cambered surfaces are located on the axis 101. In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 131 is a ring body, at least two sides of the ring body are arc surfaces, and the centers of the two arc surfaces are identical. In addition, the fan ring body is also advantageous in a stepped arrangement, thereby simplifying the arrangement of the permanent magnets 131.
Referring to fig. 2, 7 and 8, the filler 14 is located between the rotor core 12 and the heat conductive layer 151, and the filler 14 is used to increase the rigidity of the rotor structure 100, avoiding the composite sheath 15 from being depressed. The filler 14 may be configured as a sector ring body, so that one cambered surface of the filler 14 is attached to the outer curved surface of the rotor core 12, and the other cambered surface of the filler 14 is attached to the inner curved surface of the heat conducting layer 151, so that the support of the filler 14 to the heat conducting layer 151 is improved, and the heat conducting layer 151 is prevented from being sunken, namely, the composite sheath 15 is prevented from being sunken. It will be appreciated that the material of the filler 14 may be an epoxy resin, which has high strength, good electrical insulation properties, adhesion to various materials, and flexibility in its use process. In addition, a chute 16 is formed between the filler 14 and the permanent magnet group 13, and the chute 16 is used for increasing the contact area between the permanent magnet group 13 and the air, thereby facilitating the heat dissipation of the permanent magnet group 13.
The permanent magnets 131 in the single permanent magnet group 13 are different in shape and size, the permanent magnets 131 in the permanent magnet group 13 are all attached to one side face of the filler 14, the permanent magnets 131 are arranged in a step shape, namely, one permanent magnet 131 at the head or tail of the permanent magnet group 13 is attached to the filler 14, the other permanent magnets 131 are not attached to the side face of the filler 14, so that a chute 16 is formed, the supporting area of the permanent magnet group 13 on the composite sheath 15 can be increased, the strength and the rigidity of the composite sheath 15 are improved, the wind direction in the motor is generally in a single direction, a chute 16 with an opening along the axial direction and unidirectional is formed between the permanent magnet group 13 and the filler 14, and the opening of the chute 16 corresponds to one end of the motor into which wind is introduced, so that the heat dissipation efficiency is improved.
The filler 14 is further provided with an air duct 141, and the air duct 141 is used for improving the heat dissipation effect of the rotor structure 100. The air duct 141 extends through the filler 14 in the direction of the axis 101, and when wind enters from the end cover of the motor, the wind path formed by the wind extends substantially in the direction of the axis 101, i.e. the wind path is substantially parallel to the air duct 141, so that the wind passes through the rotor structure 100, and when the wind passes through the rotor structure 100, heat in part of the rotor structure 100 can be taken away by heat exchange. The air passage is substantially parallel to the air passage 141, and the heat dissipation effect of the air passage 141 can be maximized when the rotor structure 100 is at rest.
In the prior art, the rotor structure in the permanent magnet synchronous motor is difficult to dissipate heat, the contact area of the permanent magnet in the rotor structure and air is limited, the contact area of the permanent magnet and the air is mainly two end faces of the permanent magnet, the composite sheath structure of the rotor structure has the problem that the composite sheath is too thick, the composite sheath is not beneficial to the heat dissipation of the rotor structure, and the composite sheath in the existing rotor structure is single in material and has limitation. In the rotor structure 100 of the present application, the permanent magnets 131 are arranged in a stepped manner, so that the contact area between the permanent magnets 131 and the air is increased, that is, the heat dissipation area of the permanent magnets 131 is increased.
The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described in detail, but the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application, and the various changes are included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, comprising:
the rotating shaft rotates around the axis;
the rotor iron core is sleeved on the outer side of the rotating shaft;
the permanent magnet groups are arranged on the outer side of the rotor iron core and comprise at least two permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are identical and basically arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the permanent magnets are basically arranged in a step shape;
the composite sheath, the composite sheath cup joints in the permanent magnet group outside, the composite sheath includes:
the heat conducting layer is arranged to wrap the permanent magnet group and is used for conducting heat;
the sheath ring is wrapped on the outer side of the heat conducting layer at intervals along the axis direction and is used for improving the strength of the composite sheath;
the filler is arranged between the rotor core and the composite sheath, the filler is attached to the permanent magnets at the head and the tail of the permanent magnet group along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the rest of the permanent magnets are separated from the filler, so that a chute is formed between the filler and the permanent magnets, the opening direction of the chute is basically parallel to the axial direction, and the chute is used for increasing the contact area between the permanent magnet group and the air.
2. The rotor structure of claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet group includes permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are shaped as a ring segment, and the center of the ring segment is located on the axis.
3. A rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2, wherein two chute are formed between a single permanent magnet group and the filler, and the opening directions of the chute are opposite.
4. The rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2, wherein the lengths of the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet groups are different, the permanent magnets in the single permanent magnet group are sequentially arranged in a length increasing or decreasing manner along the axial direction, one side of each permanent magnet in the single permanent magnet group is attached to the filler, and the permanent magnet with the longest length in the single permanent magnet group is attached to the other filler.
5. The rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the filler is in a shape of a ring segment, and a center of the ring segment is located on the axis, and the filler is disposed around the axis.
6. A rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the filler comprises:
and the ventilation channel penetrates through the filler along the axial direction.
7. The rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the composite sheath further comprises:
the annular grooves are arranged on the outer side of the heat conducting layer at intervals along the axial direction, and the sheath ring is sleeved in the annular grooves.
8. The rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the material of the heat conducting layer is at least one of an iron alloy, an aluminum alloy or a titanium alloy.
9. The rotor structure of claim 1, wherein the material of the sheath ring is at least one of carbon fiber, kevlar or nylon.
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| CN202210083268.0A CN114400805B (en) | 2022-01-24 | 2022-01-24 | Rotor structure of permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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| CN202210083268.0A CN114400805B (en) | 2022-01-24 | 2022-01-24 | Rotor structure of permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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