CN114398740A - Optimal design method for front rack of wind turbine generator - Google Patents

Optimal design method for front rack of wind turbine generator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114398740A
CN114398740A CN202210118126.3A CN202210118126A CN114398740A CN 114398740 A CN114398740 A CN 114398740A CN 202210118126 A CN202210118126 A CN 202210118126A CN 114398740 A CN114398740 A CN 114398740A
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section
front frame
loaded
stiffness
fixed section
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司豪鹏
曹广启
何凯
杨文栋
佟京
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Shanghai Electric Wind Power Group Co Ltd
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Shanghai Electric Wind Power Group Co Ltd
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    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/04—Ageing analysis or optimisation against ageing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an optimal design method for a front rack of a wind turbine generator, in particular to the technical field of design of the front rack of the wind turbine generator, and the optimal design method for the front rack of the wind turbine generator comprises the following steps: according to the load action position, a front frame is divided into a loaded section, a fixed section and a connecting section, the elastic modulus of the loaded section, the elastic modulus of the fixed section and the elastic modulus of the connecting section are respectively changed to carry out static stiffness analysis on the load component of the front frame, and the loaded section, the fixed section and the connecting section are respectively subjected to optimization design according to the static stiffness analysis result. In the scheme, the front rack is divided into a loaded section, a fixed section and a connecting section, static rigidity analysis of load components is carried out on the front rack by respectively changing the elastic modulus of each section, optimization is carried out according to an analysis result, the matching degree between each section is higher, distribution of materials and structures is more reasonable, and weight reduction can be carried out on the front rack on the premise of ensuring the strength of the front rack.

Description

Optimal design method for front rack of wind turbine generator
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of design of a front rack of a wind turbine generator, in particular to an optimal design method of the front rack of the wind turbine generator.
Background
The front frame is a vital component in the wind turbine generator, other parts connected with the front frame are more, for the direct-drive wind driven generator, the front part bears the weight of the generator and the load of a hub blade through a main shaft, the rear part bears the weight of the generator and the like through the rear frame, the bottom is indirectly fixed on a tower cylinder through a yaw bearing, and a yaw motor is installed on the side face.
The stability of the front frame structure is related to the stable operation of the whole generator set, so the front frame has enough strength, the current domestic design technology of the front frame of the wind turbine generator set is not mature, the flow is not comprehensive, the safety margin of the front frame is usually large, and more unreasonable parts exist in the structure and material distribution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the safety margin of a front frame is usually large and more unreasonable positions exist in the structure and material distribution in the prior art, and provides an optimal design method of the front frame of a wind turbine generator.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
a wind turbine generator front frame optimization design method comprises the following steps:
according to the load action position, the front frame is divided into a loaded section, a fixed section and a connecting section;
respectively changing the elastic modulus of the loaded section, the fixed section and the connecting section to perform static stiffness analysis of the load component on the front frame;
and respectively carrying out optimization design on the loaded section, the fixed section and the connecting section according to the static stiffness analysis result.
The existing front rack design method does not consider whether the rigidity between each section of components is matched, the rigidity of a certain section is often very high, the materials are used more, but the front rack is not used for bearing corresponding force, the material waste is caused, the weight is increased, in the scheme, the front rack is divided into a loaded section, a fixed section and a connecting section according to the load acting position, static rigidity analysis of load components is carried out on the front rack by respectively changing the elastic modulus of each section, optimization is carried out according to the analysis result, the matching degree between each section is higher, the distribution of the materials and the structure is more reasonable, and the weight of the front rack can be reduced on the premise of ensuring the strength of the front rack.
Preferably, the static stiffness analysis of the load component of the front frame by respectively changing the elastic modulus of the loaded section, the fixed section and the connecting section comprises:
applying a load component to the center of a hub of the wind turbine;
and respectively changing the elastic modulus of the loaded section, the fixed section and the connecting section, and calculating the change rate of the integral static stiffness of the front frame.
In the scheme, the load component is applied to the center of the hub, and the actual load distribution condition of the wind turbine generator is met.
Preferably, the step of calculating the change rate of the overall static stiffness of the front frame by changing the elastic modulus of the loaded section, the fixed section and the connecting section respectively further comprises:
after the load component is applied, deformation quantities of a plurality of test points of the loaded section are calculated;
and determining the test point with the largest deformation amount in the plurality of test points as a reference point, and calculating the integral static stiffness of the front frame according to the deformation amount of the reference point.
In the scheme, the point with the maximum deformation is used as a reference point, and the change rate of the whole static rigidity of the front frame is more obvious.
Preferably, the performing optimization design on the loaded section, the fixed section and the connecting section according to the static stiffness analysis result includes:
setting a rigidity matching range according to a lightweight target and a front frame structure;
respectively calculating the change rate of the integral static stiffness of the loaded section, the fixed section and the connecting section after the elastic modulus is changed;
if the absolute value of the change rate is within the rigidity matching range, optimization is not needed;
if the absolute value of the change rate is smaller than the rigidity matching range, reducing the rigidity of the corresponding loaded section or the fixed section or the connecting section;
and if the absolute value of the change rate exceeds the rigidity matching range, increasing the rigidity of the corresponding loaded section or the fixed section or the connecting section.
In the scheme, the rigidity matching range is set according to the lightweight target and the front frame structure, the actual situation is fitted, and the change rate of the whole static rigidity of the front frame is compared with the rigidity matching range, so that each section can be adjusted in a targeted manner.
Preferably, the performing optimization design on the loaded section, the fixed section and the connecting section according to the static stiffness analysis result further includes:
after the optimization design, performing strength check and fatigue life check on the front frame;
if the strength check or the fatigue life check does not pass, carrying out optimization design again;
and if the strength check and the fatigue life check pass, completing the optimization design.
In the scheme, the front frame after the optimized design can meet the requirements of strength check and fatigue life check.
Preferably, if the rate of change is less than the stiffness matching range, decreasing the stiffness of the corresponding loaded section or the fixed section or the connecting section comprises:
the optimized location is determined based on the direction of the load component.
In the scheme, the optimized part is more accurate.
Preferably, the determining an optimized location according to the direction of the load component includes:
reducing material in the direction of the load component where the rate of change is less than the stiffness matching range.
Preferably, if the rate of change exceeds the stiffness matching range, increasing the stiffness of the respective loaded section or the fixed section or the connecting section comprises:
the optimized location is determined based on the direction of the load component.
In the scheme, the optimized part is more accurate.
Preferably, the determining an optimized location according to the direction of the load component includes:
adding material in the direction of the load component where the rate of change exceeds the stiffness matching range.
Preferably, the loaded section is a front flange of the front frame, the fixed section is the bottom of the front frame, and the connecting section is the middle part of the loaded section and the fixed section of the front frame.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows: the existing front rack design method does not consider whether the rigidity between each section of components is matched, the rigidity of a certain section is often very high, the materials are used more, but the front rack is not born with corresponding force, the material waste is caused, the weight is increased, in the scheme, the front rack is divided into a loaded section, a fixed section and a connecting section, the static rigidity analysis of the load component is carried out on the front rack by respectively changing the elastic modulus of each section, the optimization is carried out according to the analysis result, the matching degree between each section is higher, the distribution of the materials and the structure is more reasonable, and the weight of the front rack can be reduced on the premise of ensuring the strength of the front rack.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a front frame of a wind turbine generator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the load components of the method for optimizing the design of the front frame according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for optimally designing a front frame of a wind turbine generator according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the present invention for optimizing the design of the loaded section, the fixed section, and the connecting section according to the static stiffness analysis result;
fig. 5 is a data graph showing the influence of changing the elastic modulus of the loaded section, the fixed section and the connecting section on the static rigidity change rate of the whole front frame.
Loaded section 100
Connecting segment 200
Fixed segment 300
Hub center 400
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in this embodiment, a method for optimally designing a front frame of a wind turbine includes:
and 10, dividing the front frame into a loaded section 100, a fixed section 300 and a connecting section 200 according to the load acting position.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the loaded section 100 is a front flange of a front frame, the loaded section 100 receives the weight of the generator and the load of the hub blades through a main shaft, the fixed section 300 is the bottom of the front frame, the rear part of the fixed section 300 receives the weight of the generator through a rear frame, the fixed section 300 is provided with a yaw motor, and the connection section 200 is a middle part of the loaded section 100 and the fixed section 300. That is, the loaded section 100 is used to receive the weight of the generator and the load of the hub blades through the main shaft, the fixed section 300 is used to mount the yaw motor and to carry the weight of the generator through the rear frame, the connection section 200 is located between the loaded section 100 and the fixed section 300, and the loaded section 100 and the fixed section 300 are connected through the connection section 200.
And 20, respectively changing the elastic modulus of the loaded section 100, the fixed section 300 and the connecting section 200 to perform static stiffness analysis of the load component on the front frame.
Wherein, finite element analysis technology is used for analysis, and when the elastic modulus of one section is changed, the elastic modulus of the other two sections is not changed.
And step 30, respectively carrying out optimization design on the loaded section 100, the fixed section 300 and the connecting section 200 according to the static rigidity analysis result, wherein the optimization design is to respectively adjust the rigidity of the loaded section 100, the fixed section 300 and the connecting section 200, namely respectively reducing or increasing the rigidity of the loaded section 100, the fixed section 300 and the connecting section 200 according to the static rigidity analysis result.
The existing front rack design method does not consider whether the rigidity between each section of components is matched, the rigidity of a certain section is often very high, materials are used more, but corresponding force is not borne, the material waste is caused, and the weight is increased.
In this embodiment, the static stiffness analysis of the load component of the front frame by changing the elastic modulus of the loaded section 100, the fixed section 300 and the connecting section 200 respectively comprises:
a load component is applied to the hub center 400 of the wind turbine.
As shown in fig. 2, the load components are 6 components Mx, My, and Mz that apply load at 400 points of the hub center, respectively, the load components are 10000kNm, Fx, Fy, and Fz, and the load components are 1000kN, and the hub (not shown) is connected to the load-receiving section 100.
The elastic moduli of the loaded section 100, the fixed section 300 and the connection section 200 are respectively changed, and the change rate of the whole static stiffness of the front frame is calculated.
In the scheme, a load component is applied to the hub center 400, so that the actual load distribution condition of the wind turbine generator is met.
In this embodiment, the step of calculating the change rate of the overall static stiffness of the front frame by changing the elastic moduli of the loaded section 100, the fixed section 300, and the connection section 200 respectively further includes:
after the load component is applied, deformation quantities of a plurality of test points of the loaded section 100 are calculated;
wherein the deformation amounts under six components are calculated respectively.
And determining the test point with the largest deformation amount in the plurality of test points as a reference point, and calculating the integral static stiffness of the front frame according to the deformation amount of the reference point.
In the scheme, the point with the maximum deformation is used as a reference point, and the change rate of the whole static rigidity of the front frame is more obvious.
As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, the optimizing and designing the loaded section 100, the fixed section 300, and the connection section 200 according to the static stiffness analysis result includes:
and 31, setting a rigidity matching range according to the lightweight target and the front frame structure.
And 32, respectively calculating the change rate of the overall static stiffness of the loaded section 100, the fixed section 300 and the connecting section 200 after the elastic modulus is changed.
And step 34, if the absolute value of the change rate is in the rigidity matching range, optimization is not needed.
And step 33, if the absolute value of the change rate is smaller than the rigidity matching range, reducing the rigidity of the corresponding loaded section 100 or fixed section 300 or connecting section 200.
And step 35, if the absolute value of the change rate exceeds the rigidity matching range, increasing the rigidity of the corresponding loaded section 100 or fixed section 300 or connecting section 200.
In the scheme, the rigidity matching range is set according to the lightweight target and the front frame structure, the actual situation is fitted, and the change rate of the whole static rigidity of the front frame is compared with the rigidity matching range, so that each section can be adjusted in a targeted manner.
Preferably, if the rate of change exceeds the stiffness matching range, increasing the stiffness of the respective loaded section 100 or fixed section 300 or connecting section 200 comprises:
the optimized location is determined based on the direction of the load component.
In the scheme, the optimized part is more accurate.
Determining the optimized location from the direction of the load component includes:
material is added in the direction of the load component with a rate of change that exceeds the stiffness matching range.
In this embodiment, if the rate of change is less than the stiffness matching range, then reducing the stiffness of the respective loaded section 100 or fixed section 300 or connecting section 200 comprises:
the optimized location is determined based on the direction of the load component.
In the scheme, the optimized part is more accurate.
In this embodiment, determining the optimized location according to the direction of the load component includes:
the material reduction is performed in the direction of the load component with a rate of change less than the stiffness matching range.
In the present embodiment, the data of the rate of change of the front frame overall static rigidity is as shown in fig. 5.
Specifically, the stiffness matching range is set to 5% to 15% according to the lightweight object and the front frame structure, and as shown in fig. 5, the absolute value of the rate of change exceeds the Mz direction and Fy direction of the loaded section 100, the directions of the connecting sections 200Mx and My, and the directions of Fx and Fz of the stiffness matching range.
For the Mz direction of the loaded section 100, the bending-resistant section inertia moment Iz ═ ht for the Z axis3And/12, wherein h is the height of the loaded section 100 and t is the thickness of the loaded section 100. To increase the bending stiffness under Mz, the thickness of the front flange should be increased. The Fy load and the Mz load of the loaded section 100 have the same effect, so the optimized design of the Fy direction is the same as the Mz direction.
Because the My and Mz loads are of equal magnitude, i.e., the bending moments of the connecting segment 200 in all directions of the circumference are also equal, the connecting segment 200 is designed with a circular ring-shaped cross section. For the 200Mx direction of the connecting section, the torsional section inertia moment Ip ═ pi (D)4-d4) And/32, wherein D is the outer diameter of the ring of the connecting section 200, and D is the inner diameter of the ring of the connecting section 200. To increase the torsional stiffness of the connector segment 200, the magnitude of D should be increased appropriately. Also, to avoid additional bending moments, the location where the connecting segment 200 intersects the fixed segment 300 should be near the yaw block screw fixation location.
For the My direction of the connecting section 200, referring to the bending resistance section moment of inertia and the parallel translation axis formula for the y axis, Iy is approximately proportional to the square of the upper area of the section. Therefore, in order to increase the bending rigidity of the connecting section 200 under the action of My, the size of the opening at the upper part of the connecting section 200 should be reduced, and the area of the upper part of the cross section should be increased. The Fx and Fz loads of the connecting section 200 act the same as the My loads, so the optimized design for the Fx and Fz directions is the same as the Mz direction.
The elastic modulus of the fixed section 300 is changed, except for the load component in the Mz direction, the absolute value of the change rate of the overall static stiffness under the other load components is smaller than the stiffness matching range, so that the thickness of the fixed section 300 can be properly reduced during design, and further the stiffness is reduced.
In this embodiment, the performing optimization design on the loaded section 100, the fixed section 300, and the connection section 200 respectively according to the static stiffness analysis result further includes:
after the optimization design, performing strength check and fatigue life check on the front frame;
if the strength check or the fatigue life check does not pass, carrying out optimization design again;
and if the strength check and the fatigue life check pass, completing the optimization design.
In the scheme, the front frame after the optimized design can meet the requirements of strength check and fatigue life check.
In the embodiment, the front frame of the one-megawatt wind turbine set is optimally designed, the weight is reduced from 47.3 tons to 37.3 tons, the weight is reduced by 10 tons, and the weight reduction rate is as high as 21.1%.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The optimal design method for the front frame of the wind turbine generator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
according to the load action position, the front frame is divided into a loaded section, a fixed section and a connecting section;
respectively changing the elastic modulus of the loaded section, the fixed section and the connecting section to perform static stiffness analysis of the load component on the front frame;
and respectively carrying out optimization design on the loaded section, the fixed section and the connecting section according to the static stiffness analysis result.
2. The method for optimally designing the front frame of the wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, wherein the static stiffness analysis of the load component of the front frame by respectively changing the elastic modulus of the loaded section, the fixed section and the connecting section comprises the following steps:
applying a load component to the center of a hub of the wind turbine;
and respectively changing the elastic modulus of the loaded section, the fixed section and the connecting section, and calculating the change rate of the integral static stiffness of the front frame.
3. The method for optimally designing the front frame of the wind turbine generator set according to claim 2, wherein the step of respectively changing the elastic modulus of the loaded section, the fixed section and the connecting section and calculating the change rate of the overall static stiffness of the front frame further comprises the following steps of:
after the load component is applied, deformation quantities of a plurality of test points of the loaded section are calculated;
and determining the test point with the largest deformation amount in the plurality of test points as a reference point, and calculating the integral static stiffness of the front frame according to the deformation amount of the reference point.
4. The method for optimally designing the front frame of the wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, wherein the optimally designing the loaded section, the fixed section and the connecting section according to the static stiffness analysis result comprises the following steps:
setting a rigidity matching range according to a lightweight target and a front frame structure;
respectively calculating the change rate of the integral static stiffness of the loaded section, the fixed section and the connecting section after the elastic modulus is changed;
if the absolute value of the change rate is within the rigidity matching range, optimization is not needed;
if the absolute value of the change rate is smaller than the rigidity matching range, reducing the rigidity of the corresponding loaded section or the fixed section or the connecting section;
and if the absolute value of the change rate exceeds the rigidity matching range, increasing the rigidity of the corresponding loaded section or the fixed section or the connecting section.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein if the change rate is smaller than the stiffness matching range, the reducing the stiffness of the corresponding loaded section or the fixed section or the connection section comprises:
the optimized location is determined based on the direction of the load component.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the determining the optimized portion according to the direction of the load component comprises:
reducing material in the direction of the load component where the rate of change is less than the stiffness matching range.
7. The method according to claim 4, wherein if the change rate exceeds the stiffness matching range, increasing the stiffness of the corresponding loaded section or the fixed section or the connection section comprises:
the optimized location is determined based on the direction of the load component.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the determining the optimized portion according to the direction of the load component comprises:
adding material in the direction of the load component where the rate of change exceeds the stiffness matching range.
9. The method for optimally designing the front frame of the wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, wherein the optimally designing the loaded section, the fixed section and the connecting section according to the static stiffness analysis result further comprises:
after the optimization design, performing strength check and fatigue life check on the front frame;
if the strength check or the fatigue life check does not pass, carrying out optimization design again;
and if the strength check and the fatigue life check both pass, finishing the optimization design.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the loaded section is a front flange of the front frame, the fixed section is the bottom of the front frame, and the connecting section is a middle part of the loaded section and the fixed section of the front frame.
CN202210118126.3A 2022-02-08 2022-02-08 Optimal design method for front rack of wind turbine generator Pending CN114398740A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210118126.3A CN114398740A (en) 2022-02-08 2022-02-08 Optimal design method for front rack of wind turbine generator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210118126.3A CN114398740A (en) 2022-02-08 2022-02-08 Optimal design method for front rack of wind turbine generator

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CN114398740A true CN114398740A (en) 2022-04-26

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