CN114397227A - Polymer turbulence resistance reduction evaluation device and method under action of variable magnetic field - Google Patents
Polymer turbulence resistance reduction evaluation device and method under action of variable magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of complex turbulence control, and discloses a polymer turbulence drag reduction evaluation device and method under the action of a variable magnetic field. The device consists of a disc test system, a torque test system, a polymer structure observation system, an electromagnetic control system, a test liquid injection and discharge system, a temperature control system and other auxiliary systems. The induced magnetic field with controllable strength and direction is loaded on the polymer test solution through the exciting circuit, the torque resistance generated by the rotation of the disc in the polymer solution is tested, and the polymer molecular structure is imaged by using the polymer structure observation system, so that the turbulent drag reduction and mechanical degradation performance evaluation of polymer solutions with different magnetic field strengths, different types and different concentrations under the conditions of different shear rates, different temperatures and different shear times and the molecular behavior evaluation of the polymer under the action of the magnetic field are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of complex turbulence control, in particular to a design and resistance reduction evaluation method of a polymer turbulence resistance reduction testing device under the action of a variable magnetic field.
Background
Turbulence belongs to a complex flow physical phenomenon with multi-scale irregularity, and a large amount of energy dissipation is generated in a flow process due to turbulence disturbance action, so that how to effectively reduce the turbulence energy dissipation becomes one of the focuses of worldwide attention. With the continuous and deep research of experts and scholars in various countries on the turbulent drag reduction technology, various drag reduction technologies are provided and widely applied to various industrial fields, and various turbulent drag reduction effect evaluation devices and modes are also provided successively. The polymer turbulence drag reduction technology gradually takes a leading position in the turbulence drag reduction field by virtue of the advantages of low cost, convenient operation, no influence on the quality of conveyed products and the like.
The polymer drag reduction technology is characterized in that a very trace amount of viscoelastic high molecular polymer is added into pipe flow, and turbulent drag reduction is realized by preventing development, swelling and cracking of turbulent eddies. The existing polymer turbulence drag reduction mechanism is mainly explained based on two major aspects of viscous drag reduction and elastic drag reduction of the polymer respectively. Viscous drag reduction is considered that as the viscosity of fluid is increased by the polymer, energy cascade is cut off under a slightly large turbulent vortex scale, and turbulent dissipation rate is reduced, so that drag reduction is caused; elastic drag reduction considers that polymer molecular chains are stretched in a turbulent flow field, and polymer molecules absorb small-scale turbulent vortex energy and store the small-scale turbulent vortex energy in the stretched molecules in the form of elastic energy, so that turbulent kinetic energy is reduced, and drag reduction is caused.
Experiments show that drag reduction takes precedence from DR over time during the injection of polymer into a turbulent flow fieldoReduction to minimum drag reduction ratio DRminAnd then increased to the maximum drag reduction ratio DRmaxAnd at the maximum drag reduction rate DRmaxPreviously, there were cases where the resistance increased. Based on the elastic theory of polymer drag reduction, the maximum drag reduction rate DR is achievedmaxThe former time is called polymer development time, in the first stage of the development time, the increase of the flow resistance is related to the instantaneous increase of the local extensional viscosity after the polymer is stretched and the alignment orientation of molecular chains after the polymer is stretched, the instantaneous increase of the local extensional viscosity and the dislocation orientation of the molecular chains of the polymer both cause the increase of the flow resistance, and the stretching drag reduction effect of the polymer at the moment is not enough to offset the increase degree of the flow resistance, namely, the drag reduction rate is shown asA negative value; in the second stage of development time, the drag reduction effect caused by the stretching action of the polymer is larger than the influence caused by the increase of the local extensional viscosity of the polymer, namely, the drag reduction rate is shown to be a positive value, the drag reduction rate DR is increased along with the increase of time, and finally the maximum drag reduction rate DR is reachedmax. Macroscopically, the polymer drag reduction is embodied in the stage that the drag reduction rate DR is more than or equal to 0, but the actual polymer drag reduction occurs in the whole experimental process, so the development time of the polymer is reduced, and the drag reduction rate DR can reach the DR in the fastest timemaxWill become a key breakthrough for promoting the forward development of polymer drag reduction technology.
Secondly, the high molecular polymer is a long straight chain macromolecule, and is very easy to be degraded and damaged by the shearing action from turbulence pulsation, elbows, valves, centrifugal pumps and the like in the flowing process of the pipeline. The orientation of the molecular chain of the high molecular polymer in the flowing process is random, so that certain randomness is inferred to cause the shear degradation damage in a certain sense, and when the molecular chain orientation is vertical to the flowing direction, the molecular chain is subjected to larger shear force, so that the analysis of the internal mechanism and the law of the polymer molecular degradation is particularly important for improving the shear resistance of the polymer molecule.
The existing research results show that the magnetization generated by the magnetic field can destroy the acting force among fluid molecules, change the aggregation state among the molecules, and the orientation of the molecular chain of the polymer macromolecules in the magnetic field is closely related to the direction of the magnetic force line after the polymer macromolecules are fully magnetized. According to the existing polymer turbulence drag reduction theory and the research conclusion of the magnetic field on the polymer high molecular action, the magnetic fields with different strengths and directions can change the flow orientation, the tensile degree and the compression modulus of polymer molecular chains, so that the drag reduction effect of the polymer is influenced, and therefore, in order to explore the turbulence drag reduction and shear degradation mechanism of the polymer molecules, the invention of a polymer turbulence drag reduction evaluation device under the action of a variable magnetic field is urgently needed, and the device has important significance for the technical breakthrough of the polymer turbulence drag reduction action mechanism, the degradation rule and the engineering application in the complex turbulence control.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a polymer turbulence drag reduction evaluation device under the action of a variable magnetic field, which realizes the evaluation of drag reduction efficiency of a polymer drag reducer under the action of the magnetic field, thereby further disclosing the drag reduction mechanism of the polymer and the degradation rule thereof.
The invention discloses a polymer turbulence drag reduction evaluation device under the action of a magnetic field, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following seven systems:
a disc test system;
torque testing system
A polymer structure observation system;
an electromagnetic control system;
testing the liquid injection and discharge system;
a temperature control system;
other auxiliary systems.
The disc test system comprises a rotating disc (1), a fluid test inner sleeve (2) and a fluid test zone infiltration outer sleeve (3), see fig. 2. Wherein, the diameter of the rotating disc (1) is 150mm, the middle thickness is 2mm, the edge thickness is 1mm, the upper surface is a conical surface, the lower surface is a plane, the disc (1) is fixed on the rotating shaft (10), the distance between the upper surface and the lower surface of the disc and the upper surface and the lower surface of the fluid test inner sleeve are both 9mm, and the distance between the edge of the disc and the side surface of the inner sleeve is 5 mm. Fluid test inner skleeve is by the diameter be 160 mm's upper and lower circular apron and diameter 160mm, highly constitute for 20 mm's cylinder side, upper and lower apron and side are made by thickness 2 mm's transparent PC plastics, upper cover plate right side is apart from marginal 40mm department and is opened liquid inlet hole (5) that the diameter is 4mm, lower apron centre of a circle department opens out liquid hole (6) of 4mm, the upper cover plate is fixed on stainless steel shell (7) of pivot (10) simultaneously, lower apron is as an organic whole with cylinder side adhesion, and pass through screw (4) with the upper cover plate and fix. The outer sleeve (3) is soaked in fluid test field is by the diameter be 180mm upper and lower circular apron and diameter 180mm, highly be 50 mm's cylinder side constitute, lower surface and side are made by thickness 3 mm's transparent PC plastics, the feed liquor hole (8) of diameter 4mm are all opened apart from edge 50mm department to the upper cover plate left and right sides, fix the upper cover plate on stainless steel shell (7) of pivot (10), and guarantee that upper cover plate feed liquor hole (8) and inner skleeve upper surface feed liquor hole (5) are on same vertical line. The lower surface is adhered to the side surface of the cylinder into a whole, the side surface of the cylinder is fixed on the upper surface of the outer sleeve in a groove-shaped connection mode at the position with the height of 30mm, namely, the side surface of the outer sleeve is 20mm higher than the upper surface of the outer sleeve, so that the fluid testing inner sleeve (2) and the soaking outer sleeve (3) are completely filled with testing fluid.
The torque testing system is composed of a torque sensor (9), a rotating shaft (10), couplers (11) and (12), a motor (13) and a torque testing control system (14), and is shown in figure 1. Adopt MCK-H101C model torque sensor (9), its torque test scope is 0-5Nm, its maximum measurement error is +0.05Nm, torque sensor (9) are fixed on bracing piece (39) through installation supporting platform (37), concentric fixed connection of shaft coupling (11) and test disc pivot (10) is passed through to its torque sensor (9) lower extreme, and the concentric fixed connection of shaft coupling (12) and motor shaft (10) is passed through to the torque sensor (9) upper end of the same reason, for reducing the influence that vibrations caused, elastic coupling is all selected for use to shaft coupling (11), (12).
The polymer structure imaging observation system comprises a femtosecond laser transmitter (15), a scanner (16), a microscope (17), a CCD sensor (18) and a computer (19) with an imaging system, wherein the femtosecond laser transmitter (15) transmits laser, the laser sequentially passes through the scanner (16) and the microscope (17) to focus the laser on a test fluid in a cylinder test domain to realize fluorescence imaging of a polymer internal structure in the test fluid, the microscope (17) transmits an optical signal of the fluorescence imaging to the CCD sensor (18) to realize conversion of an optical signal into an electric signal, and the computer (19) with the imaging system converts the received electric signal into a microscopic image of a polymer high molecular internal structure in the test fluid. Before the experiment, a certain amount of fluorescent probe should be added to the test fluid. Wherein, the microscope (17) and the rotating shaft (10) are fixed on the same plane, so that the microscope (17) and the testing cylinder (3) are kept vertical.
The electromagnetic control system comprises a direct current power supply (20), a voltage stabilizer (21), a resistance box (22), a switch (23), an ammeter (24) and an induction coil (25), as shown in fig. 3. The induction coil is made by uniformly winding a copper wire on a steel cylindrical surface (26) with the diameter of 182mm, the height of 35mm and the thickness of 4mm, the number of turns of the wire is 400 turns, four stainless steel hooks (27) are welded on the top of the steel cylindrical surface (26), the induction coil can be hung on a fluid testing domain to soak an outer sleeve (3), and a magnetic field inside the induction coil (25) directly acts on the testing fluid domain. The line power supply (20) selects a linear direct current power supply with an input alternating voltage of 220V and an output voltage of 0-100V, and the power supply has an automatic protection function and can guarantee the safe operation of a circuit. The resistance box (22) is a ZX25a type direct current resistance box, and the resistance value of the direct current resistance box is controllable within the range of 0.01-11.111 k omega. The ammeter (24) is a single-phase direct current meter with the DC5A precision of 0.5 level, and the measurement range is 0-15A. The direct current power supply (20), the voltage stabilizer (21), the resistance box (22), the switch (23), the ammeter (24) and the induction coil (25) are connected in series to form an excitation closed loop, and the induction magnetic field intensity is indirectly controlled by controlling the voltage and the resistance.
The test liquid injection and discharge system consists of an injection pipeline with the diameter of 3mm and a 2PB8008 model advection pump (28). When test fluid is injected, an injection pipeline penetrates through the liquid inlets (5) and (8), the constant flow pump (28) is started, the test fluid firstly fills the sleeve (2) in the test fluid area and then fills the outer soaking sleeve (3), the liquid level of the test fluid reaches the position of 40mm scale of the outer soaking sleeve, and the test fluid is completely filled in the test fluid area; when the test fluid is discharged, the soaking outer sleeve (3) is rotated to open the groove-shaped connection, the soaking outer sleeve (3) is detached, and the test fluid in the test inner sleeve is discharged from the liquid outlet (6) on the lower surface.
The temperature monitoring and controlling system comprises a water bath temperature control system and a temperature monitoring system. Wherein the water bath temperature control device consists of a water bath (32), a super constant temperature water bath (33) and a water bath circulating pipe (34); the temperature monitoring system consists of two temperature sensors (29, 30) and a paperless recorder (31). The temperature sensor probe (29) penetrates through the fluid testing domain through the liquid inlet to infiltrate into the testing fluid domain, is fixed on the upper cover plate of the outer sleeve (3) when the experiment is started, and is removed after the experiment is finished so as to facilitate the liquid inlet of the next experiment; the probe of the temperature sensor (30) is put into a water bath (32) for real-time monitoring of the water bath temperature. The paperless recorder (31) has a temperature dual-channel display function, the temperature sensors (29) and (30) are simultaneously connected into the paperless recorder (31), dual-channel temperature data monitoring is achieved, the paperless recorder has a data recording function, and the paperless recorder can be connected with an external storage device to copy data.
The auxiliary system includes a signal transmission system, a power system, and a structural support system. The signal transmission system comprises a test torque output signal, a test fluid temperature, and a polymer structure imaging output signal; the power system provides an auxiliary power supply for the power equipment by depending on 220V power supply voltage in a laboratory; the structure support system comprises an equipment base (35), a lifting table (36), a support platform (37), a support rod (39) and a flexible rubber mat (38).
Drawings
Purpose of the drawings: in order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments and technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly labeled and described below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a polymer turbulence drag reduction testing device under the action of a variable magnetic field
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a disk test system
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a solenoid control system configuration
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions in the present specification better understood, the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of the present specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in one or more embodiments of the present specification, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the specification, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on one or more embodiments of the present specification without making any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present specification.
Embodiment 1: test of influence of variable magnetic field on drag reduction efficiency of polymer solution
The polymer turbulence drag reduction evaluation device under the action of the variable magnetic field can be used for evaluating the influence of the magnetic field on the turbulence drag reduction efficiency of the polymer solution.
Before testing, solutions of the polymer were first prepared at various concentrations and allowed to stand for one week to allow the polymer to be completely dissolved or dispersed in the solvent. When the test is started, the polymer solution is poured into the container, the advection pump (28) is started to inject the polymer solution into the test inner sleeve (2), after the test inner sleeve (2) is filled with the solution, the test liquid is continuously injected, the liquid level is enabled to exceed and infiltrate the scale mark of the outer sleeve (3) by more than 40mm, the test inner sleeve (2) is ensured to be completely immersed in the test liquid, and meanwhile, air is prevented from entering a test area; connecting a resistance box (22) in an excitation circuit to a maximum resistance value, turning on a direct-current power supply (20), closing a switch (24), adjusting the connection resistance value of the resistance box (20), and observing the reading of an ammeter; opening the super constant temperature water bath (33), observing readings of channels 1 and 2 of the paperless recorder (31), wherein the electrified coil (25) is arranged in the constant temperature water bath (32), and the temperature in the constant temperature water bath (32) is higher than the control temperature of the super constant temperature water bath (33) due to heating of the electrified coil during working, so that the temperature of the super constant temperature water bath (33) is required to be adjusted according to the readings of the temperatures of the channels 1 and 2 of the paperless recorder (31), and the temperature of the test liquid is accurately controlled; opening a polymer turbulence drag reduction efficiency test program at a PC end, and setting parameters such as fluid rheological property, magnetic field intensity, experiment temperature, shear rate range, shear rate change rate and the like; after the parameters are set, whether the temperature, the voltage in the exciting circuit and the current reading are consistent with the set values or not is confirmed, after the reading is stable, a test program is started, the disc (1) starts to rotate and cut, and a test experiment formally starts; after the test is finished, the PC end turbulence drag reduction test program records and displays the shear rate gamma (·), the shear stress tau, the solution viscosity eta, the rotating speed n, the anti-torque M, the friction coefficient f and the Reynolds number Re, and simultaneously calculates the magnetic field strength H according to the reading of an ammeter, wherein the calculation expression is as follows:
wherein H is the magnetic field intensity, A/m;
n is the number of turns of the coil, and N is 400;
i is exciting current, A;
le is the effective magnetic path length, m.
The expression is calculated by the influence of the magnetic field on the turbulent drag reduction effect of the polymer solution:
wherein K is a constant of influence of the magnetic field on the drag reduction efficiency of the polymer solution; (K >0 shows positive promoting effect, K <0 shows negative effect, and K-0 shows that the magnetic field has no influence on the turbulent drag reduction efficiency of the polymer.)
τ，τ0Respectively the shear stress of the polymer solution under the action of the magnetic field and the shear stress of the polymer solution under the action of the magnetic field under the same test condition.
In the embodiment, the current of the coil (25) can be adjusted by changing the access resistance value of the variable resistance box (22) in the excitation circuit, so that the size of the magnetic field can be indirectly controlled; meanwhile, the direction of the current can be changed by exchanging the positive and negative binding posts of the direct current power supply (20), and then the direction of the magnetic field is changed, so that the controllability of the size and the direction of the magnetic field is realized.
Embodiment 2: test of influence of variable magnetic field on polymer turbulence drag reduction degradation rate
The polymer turbulence drag reduction evaluation device under the action of the variable magnetic field can be used for testing the mechanical degradation rate of polymer turbulence drag reduction and evaluating the mechanical degradation resistance of the polymer under the action of the magnetic field in the turbulence drag reduction process.
The mechanical degradation rate test of the polymer turbulent drag reduction adopts a constant magnetic field and a constant shear rate to test. The experimental operation steps are the same as the testing steps in the embodiment 1, and the difference is that a polymer turbulence drag reduction testing program is started at a PC end, the shear rate range and the shear rate change rate in the embodiment 1 are changed into constant shear rate, the continuous shear time is set, the setting modes of other parameters are kept consistent, and the testing experiment can be started after the parameter setting is finished; after the test is finished, the PC end turbulence drag reduction test program records and displays the shear rate gamma (·), the shear stress tau, the solution viscosity eta, the rotating speed n, the anti-torque M, the friction coefficient f, the Reynolds number Re and the test time t.
The polymer turbulence drag reduction testing device under the action of the variable magnetic field can be used for testing polymers with different magnetic field strengths, different types and different concentrationsSolution of the compound, turbulent drag reduction efficiency DR at different shear rates, different temperatures, different shear timesdegFurther evaluating the mechanical degradation rate of the polymer turbulent drag reduction under the action of the magnetic field, wherein the calculation expression is as follows:
wherein, DRdeg(t), DR (t) is the turbulent drag reduction efficiency of the polymer solution under the action of the magnetic field and the magnetic field under the same test condition.
Embodiment 3: molecular behavior observation of polymer turbulence drag reduction under variable magnetic field effect
The polymer turbulence drag reduction testing device under the action of the variable magnetic field can be used for observing the molecular behavior of the polymer, thereby realizing the analysis and research of the molecular behavior of the polymer under the conditions of different flow fields and different magnetic field strengths. The existing research shows that the influence of a magnetic field on a static flow field and a dynamic flow field is different, and the main expression is that in a static polymer fluid, the magnetic field changes the arrangement mode of polymer molecules, mainly to overcome the viscous resistance of the fluid, and after the polymer molecules are fully magnetized by the magnetic field, when the magnetic torque is larger than the intermolecular environmental resistance, the polymer molecules are regularly arranged in parallel to magnetic lines of force under the action of the magnetic field; on the contrary, in the dynamic flow field, the polymer molecules are subjected to larger flow shear stress, the intermolecular environmental resistance is increased, and the magnetic field causes the polymer molecules to be more difficult to arrange regularly. Therefore, the flow field state is fully considered in the polymer molecular behavior test in the polymer turbulence drag reduction process under the action of the magnetic field, the viscous resistance of the polymer solution is represented by adopting the temperature, and the flow condition of the polymer in the turbulence is represented by the Reynolds number.
The test mode of the polymer molecular behavior in the polymer turbulence drag reduction process under the action of the magnetic field is the same as that of the embodiment modes 1 and 2, the difference is that a proper amount of fluorescent probe is added into the test fluid before the experiment, the femtosecond laser emitter (15), the scanner (16), the microscope (17), the CCD sensor (18) and the computer (19) with an imaging system are required to be started during the formal experiment, the femtosecond laser emitter (15) emits laser which sequentially passes through the scanner (16) and the microscope (17) to focus the laser on the test fluid in the cylinder test area, fluorescence imaging is realized on the internal structure of the polymer in the test fluid, an optical signal of the fluorescence imaging is transmitted to a CCD sensor (18) by a microscope (17) to convert the optical signal into an electric signal, and a computer (19) with an imaging system converts the received electric signal into a microscopic image of the internal structure of the polymer in the test fluid. The influence of the magnetic field on the behavior of polymer molecules in turbulent flow is analyzed by observing microscopic images of the high molecular polymer in the flow field under the action of different magnetic fields.
The polymer turbulence drag reduction evaluation device based on the variable magnetic field can realize the test of the influence of the magnetic field on the drag reduction efficiency of the polymer solution, the test of the influence of the magnetic field on the drag reduction degradation rate of the polymer turbulence, and the observation and evaluation of the polymer molecular behavior in the process of the polymer turbulence drag reduction under the action of the magnetic field.
Claims (9)
1. A polymer turbulence drag reduction evaluation device under the action of a variable magnetic field is characterized by comprising a disc test system, a torque test system, a polymer structure observation system, an electromagnetic control system, a test liquid injection and discharge system, a temperature control system and other auxiliary systems; the disc test system is used for rotating and shearing a test solution; the torque testing system is used for testing the torque resistance of the rotating disc; the polymer structure observation system is fixed right above the test fluid domain and is used for testing polymer molecular behavior information; the electromagnetic control system is directly loaded outside the disc test system and provides an induction magnetic field for a fluid test domain; the test liquid injection and discharge system is directly connected with the disc test system and is used for injecting and discharging test liquid; the temperature control system is used for controlling and monitoring the temperature of the test fluid; the auxiliary system includes a transmission system, a power system, and a structural support system.
2. The polymer turbulence drag reduction assessment device under the action of the variable magnetic field as claimed in claim 1, wherein the disk test system comprises a rotating disk (1), a fluid test inner sleeve (2) and a fluid test domain infiltration outer sleeve (3); the diameter of the rotary disc (1) is 150mm, the middle thickness is 2mm, the edge thickness is 1mm, the upper surface is a conical surface, the lower surface is a plane, the disc (1) is fixed on the rotary shaft (10), the distance between the upper surface and the lower surface of the disc and the upper surface and the lower surface of the inner sleeve for fluid testing is 9mm, and the distance between the edge of the disc and the side surface of the inner sleeve is 5 mm; the fluid testing inner sleeve is composed of an upper circular cover plate and a lower circular cover plate which are 160mm in diameter and a cylindrical side surface which is 160mm in diameter and 22mm in height, the upper circular cover plate and the lower circular cover plate are both made of PC plastic with the thickness of 2mm, a feeding hole (5) with the diameter of 4mm is formed in the position, 40mm away from the edge, of the right side of the upper cover plate, a liquid outlet hole (6) with the diameter of 4mm is formed in the circle center of the lower cover plate, meanwhile, the upper cover plate is fixed on a stainless steel shell (7) of a rotating shaft (10), and the lower cover plate and the side surface are adhered into a whole and are fixed with the upper cover plate through screws (4); fluid test area soaks outer sleeve (3) by the diameter be 180mm upper and lower circular apron and diameter 180mm, highly be 50 mm's cylinder side constitutes, lower surface and side are made by thickness 3 mm's PC plastics, upper cover plate left and right sides all opens diameter 4 mm's feed liquor hole (8) apart from edge 50mm department, fix the upper cover plate on stainless steel shell (7) of pivot (10), and guarantee upper cover plate feed liquor hole (8) and inner sleeve upper surface feed liquor hole (5) on same straight line, the lower surface is as an organic whole with the side adhesion, it is fixed in the outer sleeve upper surface to adopt the cell type connected mode in the height department of side for 30mm, outer sleeve side should be higher than outer sleeve upper surface 20mm promptly.
3. The polymer turbulence drag reduction testing device under the action of the variable magnetic field as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the torque testing system comprises a torque sensor (9) of MCK-H101C type, a rotating shaft (10), an elastic coupling (11) (12), a motor (13) and a torque testing control system (14); torque sensor (9) are fixed on bracing piece (39) through installation supporting platform (37), torque sensor (9) lower extreme passes through shaft coupling (11) and test disc pivot (10) fixed connection, torque sensor (9) upper end through shaft coupling (12) with motor shaft (10) fixed connection.
4. The polymer turbulence drag reduction assessment device under the action of the variable magnetic field as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polymer structure imaging observation system comprises a fluorescent probe, a femtosecond laser emitter (15), a scanner (16), a microscope (17), a CCD sensor (18) and a computer (19) with an imaging system.
5. The polymer turbulence drag reduction evaluation device under the action of the variable magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that the electromagnetic control system is formed by connecting a 0-100V linear direct current power supply (20), a voltage stabilizer (21), a ZX25a type direct current resistance box (22), a switch (23), an ammeter (24) and an induction coil (25) in series; the induction coil is made by uniformly winding a copper wire on a steel cylindrical surface (26) with the diameter of 182mm, the height of 35mm and the thickness of 4mm, the number of turns of the wire is 400 turns, and the coil can be directly hung on the infiltration outer sleeve by welding four stainless steel hooks (27) on the top of the steel cylindrical surface (26).
6. The polymer turbulence drag reduction evaluation device under the action of the variable magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that the test liquid injection and discharge system consists of an injection pipeline with the diameter of 3mm, a 2PB8008 model advection pump (28), a liquid inlet (5) (8) and a liquid outlet (6).
7. The polymer turbulence drag reduction evaluation device under the action of the variable magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that the water bath temperature control device consists of a water bath (32), a super constant temperature water bath (33) and a water bath circulation pipe (34); the temperature monitoring system consists of two temperature sensors (29) and (30) and a dual-channel paperless recorder (31); the temperature sensor (29) is arranged in the testing inner sleeve, and the temperature sensor (30) is arranged in the testing outer sleeve.
8. The polymer turbulence drag reduction assessment device under the action of a variable magnetic field of claim 1, wherein the auxiliary system comprises a signal transmission system, an electric power system and a structural support system; the power system provides an auxiliary power supply for the power equipment by depending on 220V power supply voltage in a laboratory; the structure support system comprises an equipment base (35), a lifting table (36), a support platform (37), a support rod (39) and a flexible rubber mat (38).
9. The polymer turbulence drag reduction assessment device under the action of the variable magnetic field according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which can realize the test of the influence of the variable magnetic field on the drag reduction efficiency of the polymer solution, the test of the influence of the variable magnetic field on the drag reduction degradation rate of the polymer turbulence and the test and assessment of the polymer molecular behavior in the process of the polymer turbulence drag reduction under the action of the variable magnetic field, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) the method is characterized in that an induction magnetic field with controllable magnetic field direction and strength is formed by an excitation circuit and is directly loaded in a test fluid domain; during the test, through different magnetic field intensity, direction are tested respectively to the disc test system, and the shear stress tau of the polymer solution of different concentration, type under the same condition calculates the turbulent drag reduction efficiency value of the polymer solution of different concentration, type under the effect of different intensity, direction magnetic field to the influence evaluation of different magnetic fields to different concentration, type polymer solution turbulent drag reduction efficiency, wherein, the magnetic field intensity calculation expression is:
the expression of the influence of the magnetic field on the turbulent drag reduction effect of the polymer solution is as follows:
2) the method is characterized in that a constant magnetic field and a constant shear rate are adopted for testing; during testing, the disc testing system is used for testing the magnetic field at a constant magnetic field, a constant shearing rate and a fixed shearing time without the need of adding a magnetic field and a magnetic fieldThe turbulent drag reduction efficiency DR of polymer solutions with the same strength and direction and different types and concentrations under different shear rates, different temperatures and different shear timesdegThereby evaluating the mechanical degradation rate of the polymer turbulent drag reduction under the action of the magnetic field, and the calculation expression is as follows:
3) the polymer molecular behavior test in the polymer turbulence drag reduction process under the action of the variable magnetic field is characterized in that microscopic images of high molecular polymers in a flow field under the action of different magnetic fields are observed through the polymer structure observation system, so that the molecular behavior of the polymer turbulence drag reduction under different magnetic field strengths is evaluated.
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