CN114397201B - Method for determining self-leveling safe construction thickness of gypsum - Google Patents
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011381 foam concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/303—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated only by free-falling weight
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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Abstract
A method for determining the self-leveling construction thickness of gypsum. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a substrate plate; manufacturing a test board; curing the test board; testing; the impact resistance test is passed, and the initial construction thickness of the gypsum self-leveling corresponding to the test board is the safe construction thickness; and if the test fails, increasing the gypsum self-leveling construction thickness on the basis of the initial construction thickness until the test passes. The method provided by the application can scientifically and effectively determine the self-leveling safe construction thickness of gypsum, improves the engineering quality and has good economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of application of inorganic nonmetallic materials, and particularly relates to a method for determining the self-leveling construction thickness of gypsum.
Background
With the gradual decrease and aging of construction workers year by year, materials and construction methods with less popularization labor, high construction efficiency and reliable construction quality in construction engineering become trends, and gypsum self-leveling ground leveling materials are applied and rapidly popularized after 2019. The safe construction thickness of gypsum self-leveling in various systems is not specified by standard at present, and is not determined by a determined method or a calculation model, and the safe construction thickness is determined by experience, so that the ground engineering after construction is subjected to a plurality of quality problems.
The existing floor cushion materials matched with the gypsum self-leveling mainly comprise two major types of heat insulation materials and fine stone concrete, the construction thickness is 5mm, 30mm of cement floor leveling mortar is referenced, 50mm of floor heating is matched, and the like, and the comprehensive cost of a floor system is directly determined by the construction thickness of the gypsum self-leveling. The leveling layer is not a structural layer and is not a final finish, the requirements on structural stress, wear resistance, waterproofness and the like are not high, and the volume stability and long-term crack resistance of the leveling layer are important to be examined. At present, before large-area construction of actual engineering, testing and observation among templates are carried out, the evaluation among templates mainly examines the flatness, apparent state and other apparent indexes of gypsum self-leveling, and for the gypsum self-leveling as a ground system leveling protection layer, the system safety brought by the construction thickness is enough, and the method still belongs to the blank at present. Therefore, before large-area construction, the safe construction thickness of the gypsum self-leveling can be determined through experimental measurement or theoretical calculation, and the method has important significance in improving engineering quality, reducing later maintenance reworking cost and the like. The leveling layer is not a structural layer, so that the theoretical calculation has poor operability, and it is particularly important to find a reasonable method.
Disclosure of Invention
The following is a summary of the subject matter described in detail herein. This summary is provided to fully illustrate the application and is not intended to limit the scope of the application.
The application provides a method for determining the gypsum self-leveling safe construction thickness, which can scientifically and effectively determine the gypsum self-leveling safe construction thickness, improves engineering quality and has cost effectiveness.
In an embodiment of the application, a method for determining the thickness of gypsum self-leveling safety construction is provided, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing a substrate plate: for a substrate board with the specification of not less than 600 x 20mm, coating a liquid interface agent 2 layer on a base layer for a bonding system; for a non-adhesive system, fully paving a plastic film on a base layer;
(2) Manufacturing a test board: setting gypsum self-leveling initial construction thickness, and carrying out gypsum self-leveling pouring on the prepared base material according to the gypsum self-leveling initial construction thickness, wherein the deviation of the gypsum self-leveling initial construction thickness is not more than 1mm;
(3) And (3) curing the test board: performing static curing, wherein the gypsum self-leveling initial construction thickness is cured for 5 days every 10mm;
(4) And (3) testing: after the curing age is reached, the test board is subjected to impact resistance test of not less than 5J; in the impact resistance test of not less than 5J, the distance between the test points and the edges and corners of the test board is not less than 10cm, the distance between the test points is not less than 5cm, and the number of the test points is not less than 3;
(5) The impact resistance test is passed, and the initial construction thickness of the gypsum self-leveling corresponding to the test board is the safe construction thickness thereof; and if the test fails, increasing the gypsum self-leveling construction thickness on the basis of the initial construction thickness until the test passes.
In some embodiments of the application, the substrate panel is a lightweight foamed concrete panel, a plain concrete panel, an organic thermal insulation panel, an inorganic thermal insulation panel, or a thermal insulation panel with floor heating.
In some embodiments of the application, the gypsum self-leveling initiation construction thickness is no less than 10mm when applied to a cementitious system; not less than 35mm when applied to a non-bonded system without floor heating; in the case of application to non-bonded systems with floor heating, at least 15mm above the highest point of the floor heating system after covering the floor heating pipes should be used.
In some embodiments of the application, the curing environment of the static curing is as follows: the temperature is 10-25 ℃ and the relative humidity is 30-75%.
In some embodiments of the application, the impact resistance test of not less than 5J is as follows: the round steel balls of 510+ -2 g fall from a height of 1m, or the round steel balls of 1020+ -10 g fall from a height of 0.5 m.
In some embodiments of the present application, when all test points do not show phenomena such as empty drum cracking delamination, the impact resistance test is passed.
In some embodiments of the application, the gypsum self-leveling initial construction thickness is increased, and the single increase value is 5-10 mm.
In some embodiments of the application, the gypsum self-leveling safe construction thickness, in actual construction, is required to correspond to the test template base material according to the actual base material type of the engineering.
In some embodiments of the application, the substrate panel is a lightweight aggregate concrete panel having a thickness of no less than 2cm, a concrete panel having a thickness of no less than 1cm, a molded polystyrene insulation panel/extruded polystyrene insulation panel/rock wool panel/polyurethane panel having a thickness of no less than 2 cm.
In some embodiments of the application, when the substrate sheet is a foamed sheet, the full-face bulk density after the second pass is no less than 80g/m 2 Glass fiber mesh cloth.
The method of the application has the following advantages and beneficial effects: the gypsum self-leveling is a common material for a ground leveling system because of high construction efficiency and moderate comprehensive cost. Different cushion materials and corresponding gypsum self-leveling construction thicknesses are quite different, in recent years, construction units pay more attention to the flatness and strength of the gypsum self-leveling, and the matching performance and the safety of a ground system are lack of means, so that the ground system can be repaired only after the ground has a problem, the cost is increased, and the construction period is delayed. The application can determine the safe construction thickness of the gypsum self-leveling by experiments before the gypsum self-leveling large-area construction matched with various systems, and then adopts the safe construction thickness to carry out construction and acceptance among templates, thereby obviously reducing the cracking probability of the gypsum self-leveling ground engineering, improving the engineering quality, reducing the later maintenance reworking cost and having good economic benefit.
Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application. Other advantages of the application may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a test of a gypsum self-leveling safety construction thickness method in an embodiment 1 of the application, wherein 1 is a steel ball, 2-1 is light foamed concrete, 3 is gypsum self-leveling, 4-1 is glass fiber mesh cloth, 5-1 is an interface agent, and 6 is sand for adjusting the flatness of a base;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a test of a thickness method for gypsum self-leveling safe construction in the embodiment 2 of the application, wherein 1 is a steel ball, 2-2 is an organic heat-insulating plate, 3 is gypsum self-leveling, 4-2 is a polystyrene plastic film, and 6 is sand-adjusting base flatness;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a test of a gypsum self-leveling safety construction thickness method in embodiment 3 of the present application, wherein 1 is a steel ball, 2-3 is a mushroom head floor heating module, 2-4 is a floor heating pipe, 3 is gypsum self-leveling, 5-2 is a heat insulation reflective film, and 6 is a sand adjustment base flatness; and is also provided with
Fig. 4 is a comparative graph of the results of the 5J impact test of examples and comparative examples, wherein the circles are test points.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art without the inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the feature vectors in the embodiments may be arbitrarily combined with each other.
Example 1
The thickness, length and width of the steel are not less than 600mm at 20mm, and the volume weight is 700+/-100 kg/m 3 The cement foaming board is coated with gypsum for two times by self-leveling matched liquid interface agent, and the full-paving volume weight is not lower than 130g/m after the second coating is finished 2 The periphery of the foaming sheet material is plugged by glass fiber mesh cloth (figure 1), C15 gypsum with the thickness of 10mm is poured and self-leveling, curing is carried out for 5 days in an environment with the relative humidity of 50+/-10% at 20+/-2 ℃, then 5J impact resistance test is carried out, a round steel ball with the thickness of 1020+/-10 g is adopted to fall from the height of 0.5m, three points are impacted totally, the interval between each test point is not less than 10cm, and the distance between each test point and each corner is also greater than 10cm. After passing the impact resistance test, the test is carried out according toThe thickness of 10mm is constructed between templates on site in a certain residential building group of Nanjing developed in times of real estate, the flatness and the surface strength meet the requirements of the first party, the 5J on-site impact resistance detection is also passed, and then large-area construction is carried out, wherein the construction area exceeds 10 kilo-square meters. The construction period of the gypsum self-leveling floor amounting to 3 months, the floor was followed by a return visit at any time, and no macroscopic rough cracks or long cracks were seen in the early, middle and late stages of the construction (the gypsum self-leveling was around 28d, the water content of the body was substantially balanced to the ambient humidity, and the middle and late stages were all observed) (fig. 4 (a)). And the ground engineering successfully passes inspection and acceptance.
Example 2
On an extruded polystyrene insulation board with the thickness, the length and the width of 20mm being not less than 600mm and the compression strength being not less than 200kPa, a polystyrene plastic film (figure 2) with the thickness of 0.15mm is fully paved, the periphery of the insulation board is plugged, 40mm thick C15 gypsum self-leveling is poured, the insulation board is cured for 20 days in an environment with the relative humidity of 50+/-10% at 20+/-2 ℃, then 5J impact resistance test is carried out, 1020+/-10 g of round steel balls are adopted to fall from the height of 0.5m, three points are impacted altogether, the distance between each test point is about 15cm, and the distance between each test point and each corner is also greater than 10cm (figure 4 (C)). After the impact resistance test is passed, the method is popularized in developing apartment blocks in Chuzhou Bigui, the construction between templates is carried out according to the method of matching 40mm gypsum self-leveling ground system on 20mm extruded polystyrene boards, the ground flatness and the surface strength after 5d meet the requirements of the first party, the 5J field impact test after the age is passed, the large-area construction is carried out, and the total construction amount is approximately 3 ten thousand square meters. Ground cracking is not seen in follow-up visit at the construction stage, and the engineering passes inspection and acceptance once after construction is finished.
Example 3
On a floor heating module board with mushroom heads, the length and the width of the floor heating module board are not less than 600mm, floor heating pipes are embedded in the floor heating module board, the periphery of the board is plugged, C15 gypsum is poured to self-level until the highest point of a floor heating system is 15mm (figure 3), the floor heating module board is maintained for 15d in an environment with the temperature of 20+/-2 ℃ and the relative humidity of 50+/-10%, then 5J impact resistance test is carried out, 1020+/-10 g of round steel balls are adopted to fall from the height of 0.5m, three points are impacted altogether, the interval between each test point is not less than 10cm, and the distance between each test point and each corner is also greater than 10cm (figure 4 (e)). After the impact resistance test is passed, a residential building group is developed in the Cheng-Ding lake to perform sample plate construction according to the method, the project is that the floor heating method of the mushroom head floor heating module is adopted, the top end of a floor heating pipe is the highest point of a floor heating system, and a 15mm protection layer is formed on the floor heating pipe after gypsum between samples is poured from a leveling mode. The flatness and surface strength between templates meet the requirements of the first party, and no cracking is seen in the impact resistance test. And then carrying out large-area construction, wherein the total ground surface of the gypsum self-leveling floor heating backfill exceeds 2 ten thousand square meters, the quality follow-up is carried out all the time during the construction, and no crack is found at the positions which are easy to crack, such as a floor heating pipeline, an external corner, a joint of a living room and a horizontal type hall, and the like. And 3, checking and accepting the construction for 3 months by project quality.
Comparative example 1
The method of self-leveling gypsum with the strength of C20 and 5mm matched with the lightweight foamed concrete is applied to a new office building in Beijing, the average construction thickness of self-leveling gypsum among templates is 5-7 mm, inspection and acceptance among templates are carried out when 7d is known, the ground flatness and the surface strength meet the requirements of the first party, and the actual project construction of 5 ten thousand square meters is carried out subsequently. After the ground system is constructed, about 14d, cracks appear at external corners and balcony, the cracks develop into through cracks, and when the crack is removed and repaired, the phenomena of self-leveling of gypsum and hollowing of a foaming cushion layer are found to be common, so that about 60% of the ground is thick in self-leveling of the removed gypsum, and secondary construction leveling is carried out. The engineering repair cost is close to the earlier construction cost, and the economic loss of the subcontractor of the ground system is very large. The impact test performed by the system was followed by a supplemental test, and failed to pass the test, as detailed in Table 1.
Comparative example 2
The gypsum self-leveling ground system with the thickness of 30mm and the strength of C15 is matched on the extruded polystyrene board to carry out actual engineering construction in a large continuous villa building group, and the construction area exceeds 5000 square meters. Area between templates 20m 2 The living room of the floor is characterized in that a polystyrene plastic film with the thickness of 0.15mm is fully paved on an extruded sheet with the thickness of 20mm, then gypsum with the thickness of 30mm is poured and self-leveling is carried out, 1d later, sample plate checking and acceptance are carried out, and the first party considers that the method is qualified in flatness, attractive in surface appearance and high in strength, and is very satisfactory. Parlor and hall with forty villasAnd (5) horizontal ground construction. Hairlines are found at external corner positions and at the bordering positions of living rooms and balconies when large-area construction is performed for about 2 weeks, and the hairlines develop into long cracks about 1 month. After the responsibility of the project is identified for nearly 2 months, the first party gives budget again, and repairs the crack by a method of grooving, filling and leveling by gypsum self-leveling, namely, the delay period also increases the cost. The impact test performed by the system was followed by a supplemental test, and failed to pass the test, as detailed in Table 1.
Comparative example 3
The floor system which is matched with the floor heating and has the thickness of 25mm and the strength of C15 and is prepared by using the gypsum self-leveling backfill layer is practically applied to a certain apartment building group in Chuzhou, and the construction area exceeds 2 ten thousand square meters. The construction between the templates is that 20mm extruded polystyrene board, fully spreads 0.1mm heat insulation reflecting film, then uses fixing clip to fix the floor heating pipe, the construction of gypsum self-leveling is completed once, and a 10mm protective layer is formed on the highest point of the floor heating pipe. The sample plates pass inspection and acceptance at about 14d, the floor heating system backfill construction not lower than 2 ten thousand square meters is performed without cracking, the strength meets the requirements of the first side, the flatness is qualified and the floor heating water supply test between the sample plates is not equal. It is known that the heating lines appear at the floor heating pipes in large-area construction for less than one month, and the sample plate-time floor heating system is also subjected to water supply test, so that the floor heating water supply is about one week, and the ground is cracked and is the place where the floor heating pipes are paved. And then, because the engineering is a thick tile facing, after the subcontractor is subjected to fine processing by the first party, the ground is not repaired, and thick-layer tile processing is directly performed.
Table 1 summary of impact test results for examples and comparative examples
As can be seen from the results in table 1, the actual engineering case is not problematic, and the impact resistance test is not problematic for the test board manufactured corresponding to the construction thickness; the actual engineering case is cracked and needs to be repaired, and the test board manufactured according to the construction thickness does not pass the insect resistance test.
The results of the 5J impact test for each example and each comparative example are shown in fig. 4.
Although the embodiments of the present application are described above, the embodiments are only used for facilitating understanding of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art can make any modification and variation in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for determining the thickness of gypsum in self-leveling safety construction comprising the steps of:
(1) Preparing a substrate plate: for a substrate board with the specification of not less than 600 x 20mm, coating a liquid interface agent 2 layer on a base layer for a bonding system; for a non-adhesive system, fully paving a plastic film on a base layer;
(2) Manufacturing a test board: setting gypsum self-leveling initial construction thickness, and carrying out gypsum self-leveling pouring on the prepared base material according to the gypsum self-leveling initial construction thickness, wherein the deviation of the gypsum self-leveling initial construction thickness is not more than 1mm;
(3) And (3) curing the test board: performing static curing, wherein the gypsum self-leveling initial construction thickness is cured for 5 days every 10mm;
(4) And (3) testing: after the curing age is reached, the test board is subjected to impact resistance test of not less than 5J;
in the impact resistance test of not less than 5J, the distance between the test points and the edges and corners of the test board is not less than 10cm, the distance between the test points is not less than 5cm, and the number of the test points is not less than 3;
(5) The impact resistance test is passed, and the initial construction thickness of the gypsum self-leveling corresponding to the test board is the safe construction thickness thereof; and if the test fails, increasing the gypsum self-leveling construction thickness on the basis of the initial construction thickness until the test passes.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate panel is a lightweight foamed concrete panel, a plain concrete panel, an organic insulating panel, an inorganic insulating panel, or a floor-warmed insulating panel.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the gypsum self-leveling initiation application thickness is no less than 10mm when applied to a cementitious system; not less than 35mm when applied to a non-bonded system without floor heating; in the case of application to non-bonded systems with floor heating, the floor heating pipes should be covered and then at least 15mm above the highest point of the floor heating system.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the curing environment of the static curing is as follows: the temperature is 10-25 ℃ and the relative humidity is 30-75%.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the impact resistance test of not less than 5J is as follows: the round steel balls of 510+ -2 g fall from a height of 1m, or the round steel balls of 1020+ -10 g fall from a height of 0.5 m.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the impact resistance test is passed when no empty drum cracking delamination or the like occurs in all test points.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the gypsum self-leveling initial construction thickness is increased by a single increment of 5-10 mm.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the gypsum is self-leveling to a safe construction thickness, and in actual construction, the engineering actual base material type corresponds to its test template substrate.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the substrate panel is a lightweight aggregate concrete panel having a thickness of not less than 2cm, or a molded polystyrene insulation panel/extruded polystyrene insulation panel/rock wool panel/polyurethane panel having a thickness of not less than 2 cm.
10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein when the substrate sheet is a foamed sheet, the full-face bulk density after the second-pass brushing is not less than 80g/m 2 Glass fiber mesh cloth.
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