CN114396433A

CN114396433A - Spacing seat, outer sleeve, clutch, left and right clutch brake device and gearbox

Info

Publication number: CN114396433A
Application number: CN202210081319.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢守勇; 王鹏; 孙玉华
Original assignee: Southwest University
Current assignee: Southwest University
Priority date: 2022-01-24
Filing date: 2022-01-24
Publication date: 2022-04-26
Anticipated expiration: 2042-01-24

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of motor vehicle gearboxes, in particular to a limiting seat, an outer sleeve, a clutch device, a left clutch brake device, a right clutch brake device and a gearbox. The invention discloses a limiting seat which comprises an annular bottom, wherein an outer ring vertically extends from the outer edge of the annular bottom, through holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction on the outer ring, and balls are arranged in the through holes in a sliding manner; an inner ring vertically extends from the middle of the annular bottom, an open sliding cavity is defined between the inner ring and the outer ring, and an inner hole of the inner ring is a spline hole. The invention solves the technical problem of providing a limiting seat, an outer sleeve, a clutch device, a left and right clutch brake device and a gearbox which are not easy to slip, are thoroughly separated and brake more stably.

Description

Spacing seat, outer sleeve, clutch, left and right clutch brake device and gearbox

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of motor vehicle gearboxes, in particular to a limiting seat, an outer sleeve, a clutch device, a left clutch brake device, a right clutch brake device and a gearbox.

Background

The tractor is the main agricultural power machinery, and the gearbox is its transmission core. The tractor gearbox is generally composed of a gearbox body, a transmission mechanism, an operating mechanism, a clutch and the like.

The clutch is an important device in the gearbox, and the clutch is used for realizing temporary separation and gradual engagement of an engine and a transmission by utilizing the friction force between a main driving part and a driven part through an operating mechanism so as to transmit power. The domestic clutch is generally a friction clutch, and power is transmitted by means of friction force between contact surfaces of the friction clutch and the friction clutch. When sufficient pressure is provided to press the driven member and the driving member together, the power of the engine is transmitted to the driven member through the driving member due to the friction between the contact surfaces of the driving member and the driven member. When the pressing force is cancelled and the driving member and the driven member are separated from contact, the power of the engine cannot be transmitted to the driven member. Therefore, in order to achieve good power transmission, the tractor requires a clutch that can transmit the maximum torque transmitted by the engine without slipping and that can be disengaged quickly and thoroughly.

On the other hand, the existing tractor has insufficient gears, and the power cannot be fully utilized; the free stroke of the clutch changes, the stroke is too large, the clutch is not completely separated, the gear shifting is difficult, and a driven plate is abraded; meanwhile, the free stroke of the clutch is too small, the clutch cannot be completely engaged, the power cannot be completely transmitted to the transmission, and the driving is powerless. The clutch is not only slipped but also not separated thoroughly, when the tractor starts, the clutch pedal is completely released, the tractor can not go forward, the engine can not be flamed out, and the clutch is slipped.

The tractor transmissions can be broadly divided into three types, namely, a manual transmission, a load shift transmission, and an automatic transmission, according to the shifting pattern. The manual transmission has a simple processing structure and high transmission efficiency, but has poor operation and gear shifting performance; the automatic gearbox has the performance opposite to that of a manual gearbox, has better transmission performance and operation gear shifting performance, but has high manufacturing cost and complex structure; with a load shift gearbox in between. Therefore, developing a gearbox with simple structure, high transmission efficiency, good operation and gear shifting performance and low manufacturing cost is a research target.

Therefore, the technical personnel in the field are dedicated to develop a limiting seat, an outer sleeve, a clutch device, a left clutch brake device, a right clutch brake device and a gearbox which are not easy to slip, are thoroughly separated and are more stable in braking.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a limiting seat, an outer sleeve, a clutch device, a left clutch brake device, a right clutch brake device and a gearbox, and aims to solve the technical problem of providing a limiting seat, an outer sleeve, a clutch device, a left clutch brake device, a right clutch brake device and a gearbox which are not easy to slip, can be separated thoroughly and can brake more stably.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a limiting seat which comprises an annular bottom, wherein the outer edge of the annular bottom vertically extends to form an outer ring, through holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction on the outer ring, and balls are arranged in the through holes in a sliding manner; an inner ring vertically extends from the middle of the annular bottom, an open sliding cavity is defined between the inner ring and the outer ring, and an inner hole of the inner ring is a spline hole.

The invention also provides an outer sleeve which comprises a cylinder body, wherein the inner wall of the cylinder body is provided with a plurality of ribs which are axially and uniformly distributed. Through the design of the convex ribs, after the ball in the limiting seat enters the space between the convex ribs, the ball enables the relative rotation connection between the limiting seat and the outer sleeve to be a relatively fixed connection, namely the rotation of the outer sleeve can drive the limiting seat in the limiting seat to rotate.

The invention also provides a movable sleeve, which comprises a cylinder body, wherein a convex annular jacking block is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of one end of the cylinder body, an annular clamping groove is arranged on the outer wall of the other end of the cylinder body, and a retaining ring is clamped in the annular clamping groove; the end part of the annular ejecting block close to the cylinder body is an arc surface or an inclined surface, and a limiting convex ring is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body. The ball bearing is supported or unsupported by the annular top block along with the movement of the movable sleeve in the sliding cavity, and the rolling movement is smoother due to the arc surface or the inclined surface of the annular top block.

The invention also provides a clutch device, which comprises the limiting seat, the outer sleeve and the movable sleeve; a gear is fixedly sleeved outside the outer sleeve, a transmission part is fixedly and internally connected in the outer sleeve, the limiting seat is movably and internally connected in the outer sleeve, and one end, close to the annular ejector block, of the movable sleeve is inserted in a sliding cavity of the limiting seat; a spline shaft is connected in a spline hole of the inner ring, and the spline shaft is in running fit with the limiting convex ring and the transmission piece. The transmission part can be a bearing, and the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing are respectively connected with the spline shaft and the outer sleeve.

The clutch device functions to transmit power transmitted from the gear to the spline shaft or to cut off the power. The specific working process is that when power needs to be transmitted, the movable sleeve moves towards the limiting seat, the ball moves onto the annular jacking block, the ball is in a working state at the moment, the radial distance of the ball relative to the spline shaft is maximum, and the ball can be attached to the concave part between the convex ribs of the outer sleeve at the moment. The rotation of the outer sleeve is transmitted to the ball limiting seat through the balls, and the ball limiting seat drives the spline shaft to rotate, so that power transmitted from the gear is output. When power is required to be cut off, the movable sleeve moves towards a side far away from the limiting seat, the ball slides down from the annular ejecting block, the radial distance of the ball relative to the spline shaft is minimum, the ball is separated from the inner wall of the outer sleeve at the moment, and the limiting seat does not rotate along with the rotation of the outer sleeve any more, so that the power is cut off. Through the clutch device, the purpose of clutching is achieved, and the clutching process is more stable and smooth.

The invention also provides a left-right clutch brake device which comprises two clutch devices, wherein the two clutch devices share one set of gear, an outer sleeve and a transmission piece, the gear is an output gear, the spline shaft is an output shaft, the output gear and the transmission piece are arranged in the middle of the outer sleeve, and the two movable sleeves are symmetrically arranged relative to the transmission piece.

Preferably, in the left and right clutch brake device provided by the invention, the speed reducing seats are fixedly sleeved at one ends of the two output shafts far away from the movable sleeve, the output shafts are sleeved with springs, and two ends of each spring are respectively abutted against the inner parts of the limiting convex ring and the speed reducing seat; one side of the speed reducing seat close to the movable sleeve is provided with an extrusion piece, and a plurality of clutch pieces and steel plates are arranged outside the speed reducing seat. In the left-right clutch brake device, the transmission part is an annular block, the periphery of the annular block is provided with a groove which is tightly matched with the convex edge, and a hole in the middle of the annular block is in rotating fit with the output shaft.

Through the left and right clutch brake device, when the movable sleeve moves a certain distance to one side far away from the mounting seat, the spring is compressed, so that the extrusion sheet moves to one side of the speed reducing seat, the friction force between the clutch sheet and the steel plate is increased, and the output shaft is rapidly decelerated and stops rotating under the action of the friction force. Through the integrative design of left and right separation and reunion brake, the clutch who adopts is difficult for skidding and separates thoroughly again, controls the separation and reunion brake, and the brake is followed the situation after the separation and reunion for the braking process not only reaction time is short, and the brake is steady.

The invention also provides a gearbox, which comprises the left and right clutch brake devices and a speed change gear set, wherein the speed change gear set is provided with a clutch device and a joint sleeve; a shell is arranged outside the clutch brake device and the speed change gear set, and the output shaft is in running fit with the shell; the shell is externally provided with a plurality of electric control boxes, the shell is internally provided with a plurality of shifting forks correspondingly connected with each electric control box, and the shifting forks are clamped on corresponding outer sleeves or joint sleeves.

Preferably, the speed change gear set comprises an input shaft, a transmission shaft, a first speed change shaft, a second speed change shaft and a gap bridge shaft, and the input shaft, the transmission shaft, the first speed change shaft, the second speed change shaft and the gap bridge shaft are all rotatably connected with the shell; the clutch device is arranged on the transmission shaft, and a first engaging sleeve and a second engaging sleeve are sleeved on the first speed changing shaft; the electric control box comprises a first electric control box, a second electric control box, a third electric control box, a fourth electric control box and a fifth electric control box, and the shifting fork corresponding to the electric control box comprises a first shifting fork, a second shifting fork, a third shifting fork, a fourth shifting fork and a fifth shifting fork; the first shifting fork is connected to a movable sleeve on the transmission shaft in a clamped mode, the second shifting fork and the third shifting fork are connected to the second joint sleeve and the first joint sleeve in a clamped mode respectively, and the fourth shifting fork and the fifth shifting fork are connected to a movable sleeve on the output shaft in a clamped mode respectively.

Through the design of electric cabinet, can realize remote shift, separation and reunion, brake etc. come the gesture of five shift forks in the control derailleur respectively through five electric cabinets to realize the different functions of gearbox. The electric control gearbox does not need an operator to be positioned near the gearbox all the time, is applied to agricultural machinery, is flexible and convenient to operate, can reduce the working intensity of workers to a greater extent, and improves the working environment.

Preferably, an input gear is fixedly arranged on the input shaft, a first transmission gear and a second transmission gear are arranged on the transmission shaft, and the input gear is meshed with the first transmission gear; the first transmission gear is fixedly connected with the outer sleeve on the transmission shaft, and the second transmission gear is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft; the first speed changing shaft and the second speed changing shaft are both spline shafts, and the second joint sleeve and the first joint sleeve are provided with spline shaft holes in sliding fit with the spline shafts.

Preferably, a third transmission gear is fixedly sleeved on the first speed changing shaft in sequence, a first-gear speed changing gear, a second-gear speed changing gear, a third-gear speed changing gear and a reverse gear speed changing gear are movably sleeved on the first speed changing shaft, and the third transmission gear is meshed with the second transmission gear; the first engaging sleeve and the second engaging sleeve are respectively sleeved on the first speed changing shaft between the first speed changing gear and the second speed changing gear and between the third speed changing gear and the reverse speed changing gear.

The second speed changing shaft is fixedly sleeved with a first-gear transmission gear, a third-gear transmission gear, a second-gear transmission gear and a reverse gear transmission gear in sequence, the first-gear transmission gear is meshed with the first-gear speed changing gear, the second-gear transmission gear is meshed with the second-gear speed changing gear, the third-gear transmission gear is meshed with the third-gear speed changing gear, and the output gear is meshed with the second-gear transmission gear. One end of the intermediate shaft is provided with an intermediate gear which is respectively meshed with the reverse gear speed changing gear and the reverse gear transmission gear; the intermediate gear is a transition gear, which does not influence the gear ratio of the reverse speed change gear and the reverse transmission gear and simultaneously enables the reverse speed change gear and the reverse transmission gear to rotate in the same direction.

Through the design of the clutch device on the transmission shaft and the output shaft, the whole gearbox is simple in structure and small in overall size, and multi-gear speed change can be smoothly achieved.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

through the design of spacing seat, the ball can slide in the through-hole under the effect of external force to realize the change of ball position, realize connecting in the disconnection. The spline hole on the inner ring is axially matched with the spline, so that the spline shaft and the limiting seat are circumferentially fixed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a spacing block according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an outer sleeve of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the removable sleeve of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the clutch device of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the left and right clutch brake device of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the external structure of the left and right clutch brake device of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of a transmission member of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the internal construction of the transmission of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the internal construction of the transmission of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is an external structural schematic of the transmission of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a partial schematic structural view of the speed change gear set of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a partial schematic view of a speed change gear set of the present invention.

In the above drawings: 1. an input shaft; 11. an input gear; 2. a drive shaft; 21. a first drive gear; 22. a second transmission gear; 3. a first shift shaft; 31. a first speed change gear; 311. a first engaging sleeve; 312. a second engaging sleeve; 32. a second speed change gear; 33. a third speed change gear; 34. a reverse speed change gear; 35. a third transmission gear; 4. a second shift shaft; 41. a first gear transmission gear; 42. a second gear transmission gear; 43. a third gear transmission gear; 44. a reverse gear transmission gear; 5. a bridge shaft; 51. a carrier gear; 6. an output shaft; 61. an output gear; 62. a deceleration seat; 63. a spring; 64. extruding the sheet; 65. a clutch plate; 66. a steel plate; 71. a first electric cabinet; 711. a first shift fork; 72. a second electric cabinet; 721. a second shift fork; 73. a third electric cabinet; 731. a third shifting fork; 74. a fourth electric cabinet; 741. a fourth shift fork; 75. a fifth electric cabinet; 751. a fifth shifting fork; 8. a clutch device; 81. a limiting seat; 811. an annular bottom; 812. an outer ring; 813. a ball bearing; 814. an inner ring; 815. a slide chamber; 82. an outer sleeve; 821. a barrel; 822. a rib; 83. a movable sleeve; 831. a barrel body; 832. an annular top block; 833. a baffle ring; 834. a limit convex ring; 835. a transmission member; 9. a housing.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, wherein the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", and the like, as used herein, refer to an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings, which is for convenience and simplicity of description, and does not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or components must be in a particular orientation, constructed and operated in a particular manner, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a limiting seat 81, which comprises an annular bottom 811, wherein the outer edge of the annular bottom 811 vertically extends to form an outer ring 812, through holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction on the outer ring 812, and balls 813 are slidably mounted in the through holes; an inner ring 814 extends vertically from the middle of the annular bottom 811, an open sliding chamber 815 is enclosed between the inner ring 814 and the outer ring 812, and an inner hole of the inner ring 814 is a spline hole. Through the design of spacing seat 81, ball 813 can slide in the through-hole under the effect of external force to realize the change of ball 813 position, realize rather than the connection and the disconnection of complex part. The spline hole on the inner ring 814 is matched with the spline shaft to ensure that the spline shaft is circumferentially fixed with the limiting seat 81.

As shown in fig. 2, the present invention further provides an outer sleeve 82, which includes a cylinder 821, and a plurality of ribs 822 are provided on an inner wall of the cylinder 821, and are axially and uniformly distributed, in this embodiment, the number of the ribs 822 is three. Through the design of the ribs 822, after the balls 813 in the limiting seat 81 enter the spaces between the ribs 822, the balls 813 enable the relative rotation connection between the limiting seat 81 and the outer sleeve 82 to be a relatively fixed connection, that is, the rotation of the outer sleeve 82 can drive the limiting seat 81 therein to rotate.

As shown in fig. 3, the present invention further provides an active sleeve 83, which includes a barrel 831, a protruding ring-shaped top block 832 is fixedly disposed on an outer wall of one end of the barrel 831, a ring-shaped slot is disposed on an outer wall of the other end of the barrel 831, and a retaining ring 833 is disposed in the ring-shaped slot. The end part of the annular top block 832 close to the cylinder body 831 is an arc surface or an inclined surface, and a limiting convex ring 834 is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body 831. One end of the annular top block 832 of the movable sleeve 83 is used for being matched and butted with the sliding cavity 815 of the limiting seat 81, and along with the movement of the movable sleeve 83 in the sliding cavity 815, the ball 813 is supported or not supported by the annular top block 832, and the circular arc surface or the inclined surface of the annular top block 832 enables the movement of the ball 813 to be smoother.

As shown in fig. 4, the present invention further provides a clutch device 8, which comprises the above limiting seat 81, the outer sleeve 82 and the movable sleeve 83. A gear is fixedly sleeved outside the outer sleeve 82, a transmission piece 835 is fixedly connected inside the outer sleeve 82, a limiting seat 81 is movably connected inside the outer sleeve 82, and one end of the movable sleeve 83 close to the annular top block 832 is inserted in a sliding cavity 815 of the limiting seat 81; a spline shaft is connected in a spline hole of the inner ring 814, and the spline shaft is in running fit with the limit convex ring 834 and the transmission piece 835. The driving member 835 may be a bearing, the inner and outer races of which are connected to the spline shaft and the outer sleeve 82, respectively.

The clutch device 8 functions to transmit power transmitted from the gear to the spline shaft or to cut off power. The specific working process is that when power transmission is needed, the movable sleeve 83 moves towards the limiting seat 81, the balls 813 move to the annular top block 832, the balls 813 are in a working state at the moment, the radial distance between the balls 813 and the spline shaft is the largest, and the balls 813 can be attached to the concave positions among the convex ribs 822 of the outer sleeve 82 at the moment. The rotation of the outer sleeve 82 is transmitted to the limiting seat 81 through the balls 813, and the limiting seat 81 drives the spline shaft to rotate, so that the power transmitted by the gear is output. When the power needs to be cut off, the movable sleeve 83 moves to a side away from the limiting seat 81, the balls 813 slide down from the annular top block 832, the radial distance of the balls 813 relative to the spline shaft is minimum, the balls 813 are separated from the inner wall of the outer sleeve 82 at the moment, the limiting seat 81 does not rotate along with the rotation of the outer sleeve 82 any more, and the power is cut off. Through the clutch device 8, the purpose of clutch is achieved, and the clutch process is more stable and smooth.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the present invention further provides a left-right clutch brake device, which includes two clutch devices 8, wherein the two clutch devices 8 share a set of gear, outer sleeve 82 and transmission piece 835, the gear is an output gear 61, the spline shaft is an output shaft 6, and the two output shafts 6 are respectively a left output shaft and a right output shaft. The middle part of the outer sleeve 82 is provided with the output gear 61 and the transmission piece 835, and the two movable sleeves 83 are symmetrically arranged relative to the transmission piece 835.

Specifically, in the left and right clutch brake device provided by the invention, the speed reducing seats 62 are fixedly sleeved at the ends of the two output shafts 6 far away from the movable sleeve 83, the output shafts 6 are sleeved with the springs 63, and the two ends of the springs 63 respectively abut against the limiting convex rings 834 and the insides of the speed reducing seats 62. The side of the deceleration base 62 close to the movable sleeve 83 is provided with a squeezing sheet 64, the squeezing sheet 64 and the deceleration base 62 are provided with holes and spaces for accommodating the spring 63, and one end of the movable sleeve 83 is in contact with the squeezing sheet 64. The deceleration base 62 is externally provided with a plurality of clutch plates 65 and a steel plate 66. As shown in fig. 7, in the left-right clutch brake device, the driving member 835 is an annular block, the outer circumference of the annular block is provided with a groove tightly fitted with the rib 822, and the hole in the middle of the annular block is rotatably fitted with the output shaft 6.

With the left and right clutch brake device of the present invention, when the movable sleeve 83 moves a certain distance to the side far away from the limit seat 81, the spring 63 is compressed, so that the pressing plate 64 moves to one side of the deceleration seat 62, the friction force between the clutch plate 65 and the steel plate 66 is increased, and the output shaft 6 is decelerated and stopped rotating rapidly under the action of the friction force. Through the integrative design of left and right separation and reunion brakes, the clutch 8 who adopts is difficult for skidding and separates thoroughly again, controls separation and reunion brake, and the brake is followed the situation after the separation and reunion for the braking process not only reaction time is short, and the brake is steady.

As shown in fig. 8 to 10, the present invention further provides a transmission, including the left and right clutch brake devices as above, and further including a speed change gear set, on which a clutch device 8 and a coupling sleeve are provided; a shell 9 is arranged outside the clutch brake device and the speed change gear set, and the output shaft 6 is in running fit with the shell 9; a plurality of electric control boxes are arranged outside the shell 9, a plurality of shifting forks correspondingly connected with each electric control box are arranged in the shell 9, and the shifting forks are clamped on the corresponding outer sleeves 82 or the joint sleeves.

In detail, the speed change gear set comprises an input shaft 1, a transmission shaft 2, a first speed change shaft 3, a second speed change shaft 4 and a bridge shaft 5, wherein the input shaft 1, the transmission shaft 2, the first speed change shaft 3, the second speed change shaft 4 and the bridge shaft 5 are all rotatably connected with a shell 9. The transmission shaft 2 is provided with a clutch device 8, and the first speed changing shaft 3 is sleeved with a first engaging sleeve 311 and a second engaging sleeve 312; the electric control box comprises a first electric control box 71, a second electric control box 72, a third electric control box 73, a fourth electric control box 74 and a fifth electric control box 75, and the shifting forks corresponding to the electric control boxes comprise a first shifting fork 711, a second shifting fork 721, a third shifting fork 731, a fourth shifting fork 741 and a fifth shifting fork 751. The first shift fork 711 is clamped on the movable sleeve 83 on the transmission shaft 2, the second shift fork 721 and the third shift fork 731 are respectively clamped on the second joint sleeve 312 and the first joint sleeve 311, and the fourth shift fork 741 and the fifth shift fork 751 are respectively clamped on the movable sleeve 83 on the output shaft 6.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the input shaft 1 is fixedly provided with an input gear 11, the transmission shaft 2 is provided with a first transmission gear 21 and a second transmission gear 22, and the input gear 11 is engaged with the first transmission gear 21. The first transmission gear 21 is fixedly connected with an outer sleeve 82 on the transmission shaft 2, and the second transmission gear 22 is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft 2. The first speed change shaft 3 and the second speed change shaft 4 are spline shafts, and the second engaging sleeve 312 and the first engaging sleeve 311 are provided with spline shaft holes in sliding fit with the spline shafts.

As shown in fig. 11, the first speed-changing shaft 3 is sequentially sleeved with a third transmission gear 35, a first-gear speed-changing gear 31, a second-gear speed-changing gear 32, a third-gear speed-changing gear 33 and a reverse-gear speed-changing gear 34, and the third transmission gear 35 is meshed with the second transmission gear 22. The first speed change shaft 3 between the first speed change gear 31 and the second speed change gear 32 and between the third speed change gear 33 and the reverse speed change gear 34 is fitted with a first engaging sleeve 311 and a second engaging sleeve 312, respectively.

As shown in fig. 12, a first-gear transmission gear 41, a third-gear transmission gear 43, a second-gear transmission gear 42 and a reverse transmission gear 44 are fixedly sleeved on the second transmission shaft 4 in sequence, the first-gear transmission gear 41 is meshed with the first-gear transmission gear 31, the second-gear transmission gear 42 is meshed with the second-gear transmission gear 32, the third-gear transmission gear 43 is meshed with the third-gear transmission gear 33, and the output gear 61 is meshed with the second-gear transmission gear 42. One end of the intermediate shaft 5 is provided with an intermediate gear 51, and the intermediate gear 51 is respectively meshed with the reverse gear speed change gear 34 and the reverse gear transmission gear 44; the carrier gear 51, i.e., the transition gear, does not affect the gear ratio of the reverse ratio gear 34 and the reverse drive gear 44, while allowing the reverse ratio gear 34 and the reverse drive gear 44 to rotate in the same direction.

The transmission case has the specific working process that the input shaft 1 rotates when receiving power transmitted by an external motor, the input gear 11 matched with the shaft is meshed with the first transmission gear 21 to rotate, and the transmission shaft 2 is driven to idle, namely, the neutral gear is obtained. Under the control of the first electric control box 71, the first shifting fork drives the movable sleeve 83 on the transmission shaft 2, and the ball 813 reaches the working position, so that the outer sleeve 82 is connected with the transmission shaft 2. The second transmission gear 22 starts to rotate and transmits power to the third transmission gear 35. The third transmission gear 35 is in a shape of a central spline hole, is fixedly fitted with the first speed change shaft 3 which is a spline shaft, and transmits power to the first speed change shaft 3.

The first-gear speed change gear 31, the second-gear speed change gear 32, the third-gear speed change gear 33 and the reverse-gear speed change gear 34 on the first speed change shaft 3 are in a static state because the central holes are round holes and cannot be matched with the spline shafts; the first and

second engagement sleeves

311 and 312 have spline-type central holes and rotate synchronously with the first transmission shaft 3. And the second shifting fork 721 and the third shifting fork 731 arranged on the second joint sleeve 312 and the first joint sleeve 311 respectively shift the first joint sleeve 311 or the second joint sleeve 312 leftwards or rightwards under the control of the second electric cabinet 72 and the third electric cabinet 73, so that the first joint sleeve 311 or the second joint sleeve 312 is contacted and meshed with different speed-changing gears to rotate.

The first-gear transmission gear 41, the second-gear transmission gear 42, the third-gear transmission gear 43 and the reverse transmission gear 44 on the second transmission shaft 4 receive power from the first transmission shaft 3. Taking the first gear as an example, in the power transmission process, if the first transmission shaft 3 rotates clockwise, the third shifting fork 731 shifts the first engaging sleeve 311, so that the first engaging sleeve 311 is connected to the first gear transmission gear 31 to drive the first gear transmission gear 31 to rotate clockwise, and thus the first gear transmission gear 41, the second gear transmission gear 42 and the third gear transmission gear 43 rotate counterclockwise, and the second gear transmission gear 42 drives the output gear 61 to rotate, so that the power is transmitted to the output shaft 6. The principle of the remaining gears is similar to first gear.

Through the design of the clutch device 8 on the transmission shaft 2 and the output shaft 6, the whole gearbox has simple structure and small whole volume, and can smoothly realize multi-gear speed change.

The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A spacing seat, its characterized in that: the anti-theft device comprises an annular bottom (811), wherein the outer edge of the annular bottom (811) vertically extends to form an outer ring (812), through holes which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are formed in the outer ring (812), and balls (813) are arranged in the through holes in a sliding mode; an inner ring (814) vertically extends from the middle of the annular bottom (811), an open sliding cavity (815) is defined between the inner ring (814) and the outer ring (812), and an inner hole of the inner ring (814) is a spline hole.

2. An outer sleeve, characterized by: the device comprises a cylinder body (821), wherein a plurality of ribs (822) which are axially and uniformly distributed are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body (821).

3. A movable sleeve is characterized in that: the cylinder comprises a cylinder body (831), wherein a convex annular top block (832) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of one end of the cylinder body (831), an annular clamping groove is formed in the outer wall of the other end of the cylinder body (831), and a retaining ring (833) is clamped in the annular clamping groove; the end part of the annular top block (832) close to the cylinder body (831) is an arc surface or an inclined surface, and a limiting convex ring (834) is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body (831).

4. A clutch device, characterized in that: comprising a spacing block (81) according to claim 1, an outer sleeve (82) according to claim 2 and a movable sleeve (83) according to claim 3; a gear is fixedly sleeved outside the outer sleeve (82), a transmission piece (835) is fixedly and internally connected in the outer sleeve (82), the limiting seat (81) is movably and internally connected in the outer sleeve (82), and one end, close to the annular top block (832), of the movable sleeve (83) is inserted in a sliding cavity (815) of the limiting seat (81); a spline shaft is connected in a spline hole of the inner ring (814), and the spline shaft is in running fit with the limit convex ring (834) and the transmission piece (835).

5. The utility model provides a control separation and reunion brake equipment which characterized in that: comprising two clutch devices (8) according to claim 4, wherein the two clutch devices (8) share a set of gear, an outer sleeve (82) and a transmission member (835), the gear is an output gear (61), the spline shaft is an output shaft (6), the output gear (61) and the transmission member (835) are arranged in the middle of the outer sleeve (82), and the two movable sleeves (83) are symmetrically arranged relative to the transmission member (835).

6. The left-right clutch brake device according to claim 5, wherein: one ends of the two output shafts (6) far away from the movable sleeve (83) are fixedly sleeved with a speed reducing seat (62), the output shafts (6) are sleeved with springs (63), and two ends of each spring (63) are respectively abutted against the limiting convex ring (834) and the inner parts of the speed reducing seats (62); one side of the speed reducing seat (62) close to the movable sleeve (83) is provided with an extrusion sheet (64), and a plurality of clutch sheets (65) and steel plates (66) are arranged outside the speed reducing seat (62).

7. A transmission, characterized by: the left-right clutch brake device as claimed in any one of claims 5 or 6, further comprising a speed change gear set, wherein a clutch device (8) and a joint sleeve are arranged on the speed change gear set; a shell (9) is arranged outside the clutch brake device and the speed change gear set, and the output shaft (6) is in running fit with the shell (9); a plurality of electric control boxes are arranged outside the shell (9), a plurality of shifting forks correspondingly connected with each electric control box are arranged in the shell (9), and the shifting forks are clamped on corresponding outer sleeves (82) or joint sleeves.

8. The transmission of claim 7, wherein: the speed change gear set comprises an input shaft (1), a transmission shaft (2), a first speed change shaft (3), a second speed change shaft (4) and a gap bridge shaft (5), wherein the input shaft (1), the transmission shaft (2), the first speed change shaft (3), the second speed change shaft (4) and the gap bridge shaft (5) are rotatably connected with the shell (9); the clutch device (8) is arranged on the transmission shaft (2), and a first engaging sleeve (311) and a second engaging sleeve (312) are sleeved on the first speed changing shaft (3); the electric control box comprises a first electric control box (71), a second electric control box (72), a third electric control box (73), a fourth electric control box (74) and a fifth electric control box (75), and the shifting fork corresponding to the electric control box comprises a first shifting fork (711), a second shifting fork (721), a third shifting fork (731), a fourth shifting fork (741) and a fifth shifting fork (751); the first shifting fork (711) is clamped on a movable sleeve (83) on the transmission shaft (2), the second shifting fork (721) and the third shifting fork (731) are respectively clamped on the second joint sleeve (312) and the first joint sleeve (311), and the fourth shifting fork (741) and the fifth shifting fork (751) are respectively clamped on the movable sleeve (83) on the output shaft (6).

9. The transmission of claim 8, wherein: an input gear (11) is fixedly arranged on the input shaft (1), a first transmission gear (21) and a second transmission gear (22) are arranged on the transmission shaft (2), and the input gear (11) is meshed with the first transmission gear (21); the first transmission gear (21) is fixedly connected with an outer sleeve (82) on the transmission shaft (2), and the second transmission gear (22) is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft (2); the first speed changing shaft (3) and the second speed changing shaft (4) are both spline shafts, and the second joint sleeve (312) and the first joint sleeve (311) are provided with spline shaft holes in sliding fit with the spline shafts.

10. The transmission of claim 9, wherein: a third transmission gear (35) is fixedly sleeved on the first speed changing shaft (3) in sequence, a first-gear speed changing gear (31), a second-gear speed changing gear (32), a third-gear speed changing gear (33) and a reverse gear speed changing gear (34) are movably sleeved on the first speed changing shaft, and the third transmission gear (35) is meshed with the second transmission gear (22); the first engaging sleeve (311) and the second engaging sleeve (312) are respectively sleeved on the first speed changing shaft (3) between the first speed changing gear (31) and the second speed changing gear (32) and between the third speed changing gear (33) and the reverse speed changing gear (34);

a first-gear transmission gear (41), a second-gear transmission gear (42), a third-gear transmission gear (43) and a reverse transmission gear (44) are sequentially and fixedly sleeved on the second speed changing shaft (4), the first-gear transmission gear (41) is meshed with the first-gear speed changing gear (31), the second-gear transmission gear (42) is meshed with the second-gear speed changing gear (32), and the third-gear transmission gear (43) is meshed with the third-gear speed changing gear (33); one end of the intermediate shaft (5) is provided with an intermediate gear (51), and the intermediate gear (51) is respectively meshed with the reverse gear speed change gear (34) and the reverse gear transmission gear (44); the output gear (61) is meshed with the second-gear transmission gear (42).