CN1143926C - 冲洗阀 - Google Patents

冲洗阀 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1143926C
CN1143926C CNB981195830A CN98119583A CN1143926C CN 1143926 C CN1143926 C CN 1143926C CN B981195830 A CNB981195830 A CN B981195830A CN 98119583 A CN98119583 A CN 98119583A CN 1143926 C CN1143926 C CN 1143926C
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piston
valve
valve seat
chamber
delivery port
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CN1214398A (zh
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Լ����R������ѷ
约翰·R·威尔逊
J
丹尼尔·J·卡洛尔
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SOLAN VALVE Co
Sloan Valve Co
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SOLAN VALVE Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/12—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
    • F16K31/36—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor
    • F16K31/38—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor in which the fluid works directly on both sides of the fluid motor, one side being connected by means of a restricted passage and the motor being actuated by operating a discharge from that side
    • F16K31/383—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor in which the fluid works directly on both sides of the fluid motor, one side being connected by means of a restricted passage and the motor being actuated by operating a discharge from that side the fluid acting on a piston
    • F16K31/3835—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor in which the fluid works directly on both sides of the fluid motor, one side being connected by means of a restricted passage and the motor being actuated by operating a discharge from that side the fluid acting on a piston the discharge being effected through the piston and being blockable by a mechanically-actuated member making contact with the piston
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D3/00—Flushing devices operated by pressure of the water supply system flushing valves not connected to the water-supply main, also if air is blown in the water seal for a quick flushing
    • E03D3/02—Self-closing flushing valves
    • E03D3/04—Self-closing flushing valves with piston valve and pressure chamber for retarding the valve-closing movement

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sanitary Device For Flush Toilet (AREA)
  • Fluid-Driven Valves (AREA)
  • Self-Closing Valves And Venting Or Aerating Valves (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)

Abstract

一冲洗阀，包括有一进水口和一出水口的阀体，位于出水口的阀座，和可在阀体中移动的活塞。活塞有一腔室，一注水孔连接腔室与进水口。腔室压力将活塞关在阀座上。一溢流阀连通腔室与出水口，使活塞离开阀座，而使水流流至出水口。活塞有一导向部，该部有许多外伸轴向肋，肋外表面同经过阀座的过流通道径向对齐。肋间的活塞区域被一活塞裙封包，以限止活塞体外的过流通道，而提供一自进水口，经阀座，至出水口的过流通道。

Description

冲洗阀
技术领域
本发明涉及现有的、用于向小便池或抽水马桶排出所需数量水的冲洗阀。
背景技术
各国的政府机构都对盥洗设备中每一次冲洗所能用的排水量制定了标准。本发明特别设计成为每次冲洗提供1.6加仑的水，对使用公制单位的地区它大约相当于6升。另外人们还希望水流尽可能快速地经过冲洗阀。对此，本发明专门针对冲洗阀活塞进行了设计，它能使冲洗阀以较高的流速和较低的动态水压排送所需量的水。人们尤其希望冲洗阀以8～10磅/英寸2压强范围内的动态水压、23加仑/分钟的流速在每一次冲洗中排出1.6加仑的水。
本发明具体针对本申请的受让人Sloan阀门公司所售的一种冲洗阀中活塞的各种改进型，此阀的注册商标为“GEM”。GEM牌冲洗阀中的活塞被设计成能提供上述参数和减少可能延迟溢流阀或活塞关闭的潜在背压。
发明内容
本发明涉及向小便池或抽水马桶排出一定量水的冲洗阀，尤其是涉及一种冲洗阀活塞的设计，以改善控制通过冲洗阀的水流。
本发明的一个主要目的在于提供一种冲洗阀活塞结构，它消除了对过流通道的限制，使水流经过过流通道顺畅地流过冲洗阀出水口。
本发明的另一个目的是在于提供一种冲洗阀活塞，其上设置许多在圆周方向布置的导向肋，以使活塞在打开和关闭位置之间移动时保持稳定。
本发明的又一个目的在于提供一种上述的冲洗阀活塞，其中，在导向肋之间的区域由一个活塞裙封包，以控制水流并为通过活塞阀出水口的水提供更加稳定的过流通道。
本发明的再一个目的在于提供一种上述的冲洗阀活塞，其中，导向肋及其活塞裙被设计成能减少加在溢流阀和活塞上的回压。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种上述的冲洗阀活塞，其带有一个与活塞底部紧邻的节流环，该节流环可以在阀恰好完全关闭之前减慢流速，以减小由活塞关闭在其阀底座上而产生的液压撞击。
具体来说，本发明提供了一种冲洗阀，包括：一个带有一进水口和一出水口的阀体，一个位于所述出水口处的阀座，一个可在所述阀体内相对于所述阀座往复运动从而控制自所述进水口至所述出水口水流的活塞，所述活塞包括一个腔室，一个位于所述活塞上将所述腔室同所述阀体进水口相连的注水孔，所述腔室内的压力将所述活塞关闭在所述阀座上；一个位于所述活塞内的溢流阀，用来将所述腔室同所述出水口连通，用于打开所述溢流阀以接通所述腔室使所述活塞离开所述阀座、从而使水流流出出水口的装置；其特征在于，所述活塞具有一个活塞体，该活塞体向所述阀座下游延伸，所述活塞体有许多向外延伸的轴向肋，轴向肋外表面与通过阀座的过流通道径向对齐，所述肋之间的活塞区域被一个活塞裙封包，以限制所述导向部外面的过流通道，从而为从所述进水口经过所述阀座至所述出水口形成一条确定的过流通道，所述活塞裙减小所述溢流阀上的回压。
本发明的其它目的将在说明书、附图及权利要求书中提及。
附图说明
本发明如下图所示：
图1是一个反映本发明冲洗阀活塞设计的剖面图。
图2是一个放大了的活塞的侧视图。
图3是一个图2中沿3-3面的剖面图。
图4是一个图2和图3中活塞的仰视图。
具体实施方式
本发明的冲洗阀常用于小便池或抽水马桶。冲洗阀活塞设计成可以控制通过冲洗阀的水流流量，以便为每次冲洗操作提供一定量的水，并使水流在其水压甚至刚好位于美国常用水压范围的下限时仍能以高速通过冲洗阀。尽管在本发明中将每一次冲洗所需的水容量定为1.6加仑成6升，但很多零部件的尺寸可以进行调整，以提供不同的一次冲洗排水量。
在图中所示的冲洗阀中有一个通常为中空的阀体10，该阀体包括一个进水口接头12和一个出水口接头14，以及一个手柄连接接头16。顶盖18盖在阀体顶部，在顶盖和阀体之间可以有一个密封件19。在阀体10的内壁上形成一个主阀座20。阀由一个通过连接螺母24与阀体10相连的操作手柄22驱动，手柄与一个伸入阀体内部的柱塞26相连接。柱塞26由一个导向套28导向和支撑，由一弹簧30复位。一个橡胶密封罩32卡在导向套28的端部，以防止水流通过手柄开口处向外泄漏。图中所示的阀中有一个手柄22可供手动操作，此阀同样可适用于自动操作，例如通过一个电磁管来实现。
一活塞组件总的由标号34表示，它可以在阀体10内往复运动。组件34包括一个中空的、通常为圆柱形的活塞36，该活塞下面带有一个紧邻活塞阀座面39的圆柱形突出部38，而活塞阀座面39通常位于一密封件41之上，以关闭主阀座20，从而控制通过冲洗阀的水流量。活塞36带有一个由一过滤圈43控制的旁路通孔40，这已在美国专利4,261,545中做过描述。该旁路通孔将冲洗阀的进水口同活塞的内室42相连。此旁路通孔直径很小，其尺寸可在0.020～0.0245英寸的范围内变动，利用该直径的大小可以控制向腔室42注水以关闭冲洗阀的速度。
活塞36的腔室42带有一个用来支撑一密封圈46的环状凸缘44，该凸缘和密封圈位于连接腔室42和冲洗阀出水口的中央通道48的顶部。
活塞组件34还包括一个溢流阀50，在通常情况下该溢流阀关闭活塞36的通道48。该溢流阀带有一个挡圈49，它可以使密封圈46啮合在活塞的环状凸缘上。一操纵杆52可在溢流阀50的中央空腔内滑动，并伸至同柱塞26相邻的位置。一弹簧54协助将溢流阀50保持在其关闭并密封腔室42的位置上。
活塞组件34还包括一个同活塞36上壁采用螺纹连接的塞堵56，该塞堵有一个弹簧54紧靠于其上的中心挡块58。该挡块上有一些孔60，液体可以通过这些孔在活塞腔室42和顶部压力腔62之间流动。一个夹持在塞堵56和活塞36之间的密封件64形成将压力腔62与进水口压力隔离的滑动密封。
同类似冲洗阀中公知活塞设计相反，此活塞36具有一个光滑、无阻碍的圆柱形外壁70，一个大约10°的锥形活塞面72紧邻此圆柱形外壁70。该锥体能在活塞升起离开阀座20时围绕活塞有效地形成一条有效过流通道。活塞阀座面39同斜面72紧邻，该阀座面39在阀位于关闭位置时将关在阀座20上。在活塞阀座面39下方同其紧邻的是一个节流环74，该节流环外径比同阀座20相邻的阀出水口直径略小，这样当活塞关闭时节流环74就可进入阀座内。节流环74起一个节流装置的作用，因为它可以在阀刚好完全关闭前大大减少通过阀出水口的水流量。
同节流环74紧邻的是活塞体38，该活塞体带有许多沿径向和轴向延伸的肋76。这些肋的外径比活塞外壁70的小并略小于穿过阀座20的通道的直径。这些肋布置在活塞主体内，这样可以不限制水流。肋的数量的选取很重要，其数量应该充足，以便在活塞相对阀座往复运动时为活塞提供稳定性和导向作用。但是肋的数量也不能太多，否则当活塞处于打开状态时这些肋可能减少如阻碍经过活塞的水流量。选用5个肋时效果较好，一般不应少于4个或多于6个。在每个轴向延伸肋的下端有一个斜削区78，该斜削区能协助将活塞装入冲洗阀组件中。
每个在圆周方向均匀分布的肋76之间的区域由一个活塞裙80封包。如图所示，活塞裙80的半径比肋76外表面略小。但该活塞裙将肋之间的区域封包的重要性在于控制经过活塞的水流，这样反过来能使冲洗阀更稳定地工作。活塞裙通过使过流通道在活塞体38的轴向保持圆周环绕而改善过流通道。活塞裙能防止不流流入通道48，进而还可以防止产生可能延迟溢流阀关闭的回压。
活塞裙80在距各肋76下端不远处终止。这很重要，因为这能防止在活塞下端产生回压，这种回压会延迟活塞的关闭。活塞在打开位置停留的时间越长，流过冲洗阀的水流量就越多。活塞裙在距各肋76下端不远处终止可以减少可能延迟活塞关闭的回压，而设置活塞裙能减少可能延迟溢流阀关闭的回压。
本发明的重要性在于对活塞部分的特殊设计，这种设计能在活塞处于打开状态时控制水流量。活塞大部分圆柱形部分70没有公知冲洗阀内的障碍物，因此水流不会受到妨碍。使用斜面72增大了过流通道的尺寸，因为它比活塞体仍延续原直径的情况允许更多流量的水流通过。肋可使活塞在打开、关闭位置之间移动时保持稳定，位于这些肋之间的活塞裙封包区可进一步限定围绕活塞外部的过流通道，从而使阀更稳定地工作。设置活塞裙以及使其轴向长度小于肋长度能减小穿过活塞时的压降。活塞裙还能防止回压减慢溢流阀和活塞的关闭。节流环74在活塞刚好关闭前起节流作用，以消除液压撞击。
尽管此处给出了本发明的最佳实施例，但可推知此外应有一些改进、代替和替换。

Claims (7)

1.一种冲洗阀，包括：一个带有一进水口和一出水口的阀体，一个位于所述出水口处的阀座，一个可在所述阀体内相对于所述阀座往复运动从而控制自所述进水口至所述出水口水流的活塞，所述活塞包括一个腔室，一个位于所述活塞上将所述腔室同所述阀体进水口相连的注水孔，所述腔室内的压力将所述活塞关闭在所述阀座上；
一个位于所述活塞内的溢流阀，用来将所述腔室同所述出水口连通，用于打开所述溢流阀以接通所述腔室使所述活塞离开所述阀座、从而使水流流出出水口的装置；
其特征在于，所述活塞具有一个活塞体，该活塞体向所述阀座下游延伸，所述活塞体有许多向外延伸的轴向肋，轴向肋外表面与通过阀座的过流通道径向对齐，所述肋之间的活塞区域被一个活塞裙封包，以限制所述导向部外面的过流通道，从而为从所述进水口经过所述阀座至所述出水口形成一条确定的过流通道，所述活塞裙减小所述溢流阀上的回压。
2.根据权利要求1所述的冲洗阀，其特征在于：所述活塞裙终止于所述轴向肋的下端部附近，从而减小穿过所述活塞的压降，以增大流速。
3.根据权利要求1所述的冲洗阀，其特征在于：所述肋通常在圆周方向上等距相间设置，且至少为4个。
4.根据权利要求3所述的冲洗阀，其特征在于：在每个所述轴向肋的下端部还包括一个向内的斜面。
5.根据权利要求1所述的冲洗阀，其特征在于：所述活塞有一个设置成可关闭在所述阀座上的底部，所述活塞有一个在所述底部之上的向内倾斜的外表面，当所述活塞离开所述阀座时，所述向内倾斜的外表面增大流过所述活塞的水流量。
6.根据权利要求1所述的冲洗阀，其特征在于：还包括一个位于所述活塞之上紧邻所述活塞底部下端的节流环，所述节流环在所述活塞关在所述阀座上之前限制水流。
7.根据权利要求6所述的冲洗阀，其特征在于：所述节流环直接位于所述轴向肋的上部。
CNB981195830A 1997-09-25 1998-09-25 冲洗阀 Expired - Lifetime CN1143926C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US937,881 1997-09-25
US937881 1997-09-25
US08/937,881 US5881993A (en) 1997-09-25 1997-09-25 Flushometer piston

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Publication Number Publication Date
CN1214398A CN1214398A (zh) 1999-04-21
CN1143926C true CN1143926C (zh) 2004-03-31

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US (1) US5881993A (zh)
JP (1) JP3261103B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN1143926C (zh)
CA (1) CA2245450C (zh)
DE (1) DE19839248B4 (zh)
FR (1) FR2768795B1 (zh)
GB (1) GB2329692B (zh)
MX (1) MXPA98007801A (zh)
TW (1) TW366374B (zh)

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GB2329692A (en) 1999-03-31
TW366374B (en) 1999-08-11
MXPA98007801A (es) 2004-10-28
FR2768795B1 (fr) 2001-09-07
GB9820297D0 (en) 1998-11-11
DE19839248B4 (de) 2012-12-13
JP3261103B2 (ja) 2002-02-25
US5881993A (en) 1999-03-16
DE19839248A1 (de) 1999-04-01
CN1214398A (zh) 1999-04-21
CA2245450A1 (en) 1999-03-25
GB2329692B (en) 2002-02-20
JPH11152779A (ja) 1999-06-08
FR2768795A1 (fr) 1999-03-26

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