CN114388993A - High-safety power battery module - Google Patents
High-safety power battery module Download PDFInfo
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- CN114388993A CN114388993A CN202111525264.5A CN202111525264A CN114388993A CN 114388993 A CN114388993 A CN 114388993A CN 202111525264 A CN202111525264 A CN 202111525264A CN 114388993 A CN114388993 A CN 114388993A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
- H01M50/583—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to current, e.g. fuses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/507—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing comprising an arrangement of two or more busbars within a container structure, e.g. busbar modules
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
- H01M50/581—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-safety power battery module, which comprises a plurality of battery cell series structures; each battery cell series structure comprises a plurality of monomer battery cells B which are mutually connected in parallel; the number of the single battery cores B in the plurality of battery core series structures is the same; for any two adjacent battery cell series structures, the anode of each single battery cell in the previous battery cell series structure is connected with the cathode of each single battery cell B in the next battery cell series structure through a busbar between the single battery cells; for any one of the cell series structures of the non-total positive output end and the non-total negative output end, the cathodes of any two adjacent monomer cells B in the cell series structure are respectively connected through a lead with overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection functions. The power battery module is scientific in structural design, and when the electric cores connected in parallel in the power battery module are abnormal, unsafe charging of the abnormal electric cores by the normal electric cores can be avoided, and the overall safety of the battery module is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy automobiles and combined (pack) battery packs in the energy storage industry, in particular to a high-safety power battery module.
Background
The lithium ion power battery has the advantages of high specific energy, long cycle life, stable working voltage and the like, and is widely applied to the field of electric automobiles.
The new energy automobile loaded with the lithium ion power battery replaces the traditional fuel oil automobile, and is an important means for realizing the ambitious goals of carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization in China; meanwhile, the large-scale and long-time electricity limiting situation which suddenly appears in recent years further highlights the function of a large-scale energy storage power station, and is also a key industry which is developed vigorously at present and in the future.
Limited by the energy size, the working voltage, the size of the single battery cell, the power performance and the like of the battery module, at present, the lithium ion power battery module for the vehicle and the energy storage system can normally work in an automobile, a power storage station and the like after a large number of single battery cells are required to be connected in series and in parallel. Due to the complicated production process of the battery, the involvement of a large amount of materials and the difficulty in accurately controlling the complex physical and chemical reactions, the small differences among the single batteries are inevitable, and the impedance, the capacity, the power performance, the service life and the like of each single battery cannot be completely consistent.
In the use process, when a certain battery or a plurality of batteries are abnormal, because of the existence of the parallel connection structure adopted by the conventional technology, the normal battery connected with the abnormal battery in parallel can charge the abnormal battery through the bus bar, and the charging current in the situation is not controlled. If the charging current is too large, abnormal conditions such as external short circuit, high temperature, battery core bulging and the like are easily caused, and even thermal runaway of the whole module is possibly caused.
Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a technology capable of solving the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-safety power battery module aiming at the technical defects in the prior art.
Therefore, the invention provides a high-safety power battery module which comprises a plurality of battery cell series structures;
each battery cell series structure comprises a plurality of monomer battery cells B which are mutually connected in parallel;
the number of the single battery cores B in the plurality of battery core series structures is the same;
for any two adjacent battery cell series structures, the anode of each single battery cell in the previous battery cell series structure is connected with the cathode of each single battery cell B in the next battery cell series structure through a busbar between the single battery cells;
for any one cell series structure of the non-total positive output end and the non-total negative output end, the cathodes of any two adjacent monomer cells B in the cell series structure are respectively connected through a lead with overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection functions;
for the battery cell series structure positioned at the output end of the total positive electrode, the positive electrode of each single battery cell B in the battery cell series structure is connected with a total positive electrode output bus bar;
for the cell series structure located at the total negative output end, the positive electrode of each single cell B in the cell series structure is connected with a total negative output busbar.
Preferably, the inter-cell busbar is a linear busbar having two terminals.
Preferably, the wire with overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection function is an aluminum substrate or a combination of a conductive substrate and a fuse.
Preferably, the material of the base material of the lead with the overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection function comprises one or more of aluminum, copper and nickel;
the fuse is connected in series with the wire with the overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection function.
Preferably, the size of the current fusing threshold I of the wire with overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection function is calculated according to the maximum voltage difference Δ U allowed to occur between the single battery cells of the circuit in which the wire is located and the internal resistance R of the circuit, and the specific formula is I ═ Δ U/R.
Preferably, when the upper limit of the allowed voltage difference between the monomer cells in the circuit loop where the lead with the overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection functions is located is 3-30 mV, and the overall resistance of the loop is 3m omega, the fusing current of the lead is set to be 1-10A.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the advantages that the high-safety power battery module is scientific in structural design, and when abnormal conditions such as short circuit and thermal runaway occur to the electric cores which are connected in parallel in the power battery module, so that the voltage of the abnormal electric core is lower than the voltage of other normal electric cores which are connected in parallel with the abnormal electric core, the condition that the normal electric core carries out unsafe charging on the abnormal electric core is effectively avoided, the overall safety of the module is improved, and the high-safety power battery module has great practical significance.
Drawings
Fig. 1a is a schematic view of an appearance structure of a high-safety power battery module according to an embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 1b is a schematic circuit diagram of a high-safety power battery module according to an embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2a is an appearance structure diagram of a conventional battery cell module as a comparative example;
fig. 2b is a schematic circuit diagram of a conventional cell module as a comparative example;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a voltage variation curve of a single cell in the 2P3S module of the comparative example;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the temperature rise of the cell and the busbar in the 2P3S module of the comparative example, and the change curve in the experiment is shown;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a voltage variation curve of a single battery cell in the 2P3S module of embodiment 1;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of temperature rise curves of the unit cells and the busbars (i.e., the busbars between the unit cells) in the 2P3S module of example 1;
in the figure, 1 is a busbar between single battery cells; 2, the lead has overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection function (Fuse function);
and 3 is a multi-terminal bus bar.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 1a to 6, the present invention provides a high-safety power battery module, which includes a plurality of (i.e., at least two) battery cells connected in series 100;
each cell series structure 100 includes a plurality of (i.e., at least two, but not limited to two) single cells B connected in parallel with each other (e.g., one cell series structure 100 in embodiment 1 shown in fig. 1a includes a pair of single cells B connected in parallel, such as #1 cell B and #2 cell B, which are distributed above and below);
it should be noted that, of course, the single battery core B may also be replaced by a battery module, that is, each battery core series structure 100 may include a plurality of power supply units connected in parallel, and each power supply unit may be a single battery core B or a battery module;
the number of the single battery cores B in the plurality of battery core series structures is the same;
for any two adjacent battery cell series structures, the anode of each single battery cell in the previous battery cell series structure is connected with the cathode of each single battery cell B in the next battery cell series structure through a busbar 1 (for example, a linear busbar with two wiring ends) between the single battery cells;
for any one cell series structure (namely, the cell series structure at two ends) of the non-total positive output end and the non-total negative output end, the cathodes of any two adjacent monomer cells B in the cell series structure are respectively connected through a lead 2 with overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection functions (Fuse functions);
for a cell series structure (e.g., the leftmost end of a plurality of cell series structures connected in series) located at the total positive output end, the positive electrode of each individual cell B in the cell series structure is connected to one total positive output bus bar;
for a cell series structure located at the total negative output end (e.g., the rightmost end of a plurality of cell series structures connected in series), the positive electrode of each individual cell B in the cell series structure is connected to a total negative output busbar.
It should be noted that, with respect to the high-safety power battery module provided by the present invention, the conventional busbar (specifically, the inter-cell busbar, which has a plurality of connection ends, for example, the multi-terminal busbar 3 shown in fig. 2 b) which simultaneously performs series-parallel connection in the prior art is split, then, the linear busbar (i.e., the common busbar, which has two terminals) is used for performing series connection, and the lead having overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection functions (Fuse functions) is used for performing parallel connection; when the current on the parallel wires is overlarge, the wires with the overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection functions can be fused due to overcurrent or overtemperature, so that the protection function is achieved.
For the invention, the traditional bus bar is split, after the splitting, the common bus bar between the monomer electric cores (such as a linear bus bar with two terminals) is used as the main channel which plays a role of conducting current, and then a lead with overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection functions (Fuse functions) is added to play a role of balancing current and voltage.
It should be noted that, for the present invention, the battery module includes two or more series structures, and each series structure includes two or more single battery cells connected in parallel. The conventional traditional bus bar (namely the traditional bus bar which simultaneously plays a serial-parallel function, specifically the bus bar between the electric cores and the bus bar with a plurality of connecting ends) is split between the original electric cores which are connected in parallel, the invention uses the conventional linear bus bar to play a serial function, and uses the wire with an overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection function (Fuse function) to play a parallel function.
In the invention, in particular, the lead with the overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection function (Fuse function) can play a role in conducting small current so as to balance the current and voltage of the connected single battery cell B; when the current in the line exceeds the fusing threshold of the wire, the wire can fuse over-current or over-temperature.
In the present invention, for the specific implementation, the lead with overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection function (Fuse function) is made of aluminum substrate, or a combination of conductive substrate and Fuse, and the final load value can be arbitrarily adjusted according to the actual requirement of the module.
In particular, for a lead with overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection function (Fuse function), the material of the base material of the lead can include one or more of aluminum, copper and nickel, or the mixture of the aluminum, the copper and the nickel in any proportion (i.e., alloy in any proportion), and fuses of different specifications and different types are added (e.g., connected in series) according to needs.
In particular, the wire with overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection function (Fuse function) can be any metal conductor with low melting point or a combination of the metal conductor and a Fuse.
In the concrete implementation, the lead with the overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection function (Fuse function) can be designed with any current fusing threshold value according to actual needs.
It should be noted that, for the wire having an overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection function (Fuse function), the magnitude of the current fusing threshold I of the wire is calculated according to the maximum voltage difference allowed to occur by the cell voltage of the circuit in which the wire is located (i.e., the maximum voltage difference Δ U allowed to occur between the individual cells of the circuit) and the internal resistance R of the circuit, and the specific formula is I ═ Δ U/R;
wherein, I is a current fusing threshold, Δ U is a maximum voltage difference allowed to occur between the individual cells of the loop, and R is an internal resistance of the loop (i.e. a sum of resistances of components such as a lead, a bus bar, a cell resistance, and the like of the loop).
In the concrete realization, the wire that has overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protect function (Fuse function), its fusing current (be current fusing threshold) is 1 ~ 10A. For example, if the upper limit of the allowable voltage difference between the monomer cells in the circuit loop where the wire is located is set to 3-30 mV and the overall resistance of the loop is 3m Ω, the fusing current of the wire is set to 1-10A according to the above calculation formula.
In the invention, in particular, components can be added, so that the lead has the functions of collecting current, voltage, temperature and the like, and relevant data is fed back to the battery management system to record and judge whether the battery cell connected with the lead bar is abnormal or not, thereby being beneficial to the abnormity judgment, daily maintenance and quick overhaul of the battery pack. For example, a thermocouple is attached to the outer surface of the lead to collect temperature; a current sensor (an electromagnetic current transformer, an electronic current transformer, or the like) or a voltage sensor (a hall voltage sensor, an optical fiber voltage sensor, or the like) is added to a wire to collect current or voltage.
In order to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following describes the working principle of the present invention.
Taking the module with 2P3S (i.e. two parallel-three series) structure as an example, the bus bars at the total positive output end and the total negative output end can use conventional bus bars; when the first battery cell series structure and the second battery cell series structure are connected, and the second battery cell series structure and the third battery cell series structure are connected, the conventional bus bars (namely, the bus bars between the monomer battery cells with two ends) are respectively used for series connection, and the wires with overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection functions (Fuse functions) are used for parallel connection;
therefore, in the normal operation of the module, the busbars for total positive, total negative and series connection (namely the busbars between the single battery cells with two ends) play a main current conduction role; and the parallel-connected lead with overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection function (Fuse function) mainly plays a role in balancing voltage and current. When a certain monomer electric core is subjected to abnormal conditions such as short circuit and the like and is caused to be lower than the voltage of the normal monomer electric core which is connected with the monomer electric core in parallel, the normal electric core charges the abnormal electric core through the lead with the Fuse function, and when the charging current exceeds the load capacity of the lead with the Fuse function, the Fuse in the lead is subjected to overcurrent or overtemperature fusing, so that the continuous occurrence of the abnormal conditions is prevented, and the overall safety of the module is improved.
In order to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
The present invention will be further described with reference to a 2P3S module of a 9.8Ah battery as an example.
Comparative example.
To assemble the prior art 2P3S module, the specific operations are as follows:
firstly, taking 6 9.8Ah monomer cells of volume production type, wherein 2 monomer cells B (marked as #1 and #2), connecting the anodes of the 2 monomer cells (marked as #1 and #2) with a total anode output bus bar (specifically a copper bar without safety protection), thereby leading out the anodes of the #1 cell and the #2 cell;
then, another 2 single cells B (labeled as #3 and #4) are taken, and a copper bar without safety protection (as shown in fig. 2B, a busbar 3 with multiple terminals, specifically, a copper bar with four terminals) is used to connect the cathodes of the #1 cell and the #2 cell with the anodes of the #3 and the #4 cell B;
then, taking the remaining 2 monomer battery cells B (marked as #5 and #6), and connecting the cathodes of the #3 battery cell and the #4 battery cell with the anodes of the #5 battery cell and the #6 battery cell by using a copper bar (a multi-terminal copper bar) without safety protection;
and finally, using one copper bar without safety protection as a total negative output bus bar to be simultaneously connected with the negative electrodes of the #5 and #6 cells, so as to lead out the negative electrodes of the #5 and #6 cells, and then installing other accessories to form the complete 2P3S battery module of the comparative example, as shown in FIG. 2 a.
Example 1.
To assemble the 2P3S module of the present invention, the following operations are performed:
firstly, taking 6 9.8Ah monomer battery cells of volume production models, wherein 2 (marked as #1 and #2) are taken, taking a copper bar without safety protection as a total positive electrode output busbar and simultaneously connecting with the positive electrodes of the #1 battery cell and the #2 battery cell, thereby leading out the positive electrodes of the #1 battery cell and the #2 battery cell;
then, another 2 cells B (marked as #3 and #4) are taken, two copper bars without safety protection are used, wherein the first copper bar connects the negative electrode of the #1 cell with the positive electrode of the #3 cell, and the second copper bar connects the negative electrode of the #2 cell with the positive electrode of the #4 cell (the two copper bars are insulated);
then, taking the rest 2 cells B (marked as #5 and #6), and using two copper bars without safety protection, wherein the first copper bar connects the negative electrode of the #3 cell with the positive electrode of the #5 cell, and the second copper bar connects the negative electrode of the #4 cell with the positive electrode of the #6 cell (the two copper bars are insulated);
then, use a copper bar of no safety protection as total negative pole output busbar, be connected with the negative pole of #5 electricity core and #6 electricity core simultaneously to draw the negative pole of #5 electricity core and #6 electricity core.
Then, two wires with Fuse function are used, wherein one wire connects the cathodes of the #1 cell and the #2 cell (i.e. the two monomer cells included in the first cell series structure), and the other wire connects the cathodes of the #3 cell and the #4 cell (i.e. the two monomer cells included in the second cell series structure).
Finally, other fittings are installed to form the complete 2P3S module of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 a.
In embodiment 1, in particular, the wire having an overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection function (Fuse function) may specifically include the following preparation operations:
a copper wire with the length of 0.1 meter and the wire diameter of 1.5 square millimeters is used, and a fuse with the fusing current of 2A is added in series between the copper wires. When a Fuse is connected in series, the fusing current of the Fuse is used as the current fusing threshold of the wire having the overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection function (Fuse function).
It should be noted that, in the power battery module of the present invention, the maximum allowable voltage difference between the battery cells is set to be 30mV, and the sum of the resistances in the loop of this embodiment 1 is measured to be 15m Ω; therefore, the Fuse with the fusing current of 2A is selected and connected in series with the lead of the over-current and over-temperature fusing protection function (Fuse function).
The 2P3S modules of example 1 and comparative example were charged to the specified SOC in the conventional manner, and then the voltage data was measured for six cells for each of the two sets of modules, the results of which are shown in table 1 below.
Table 1: cell voltmeter for two sets of modules for example 1 and comparative example.
| | # | 1 | #2 | #3 | #4 | #5 | #6 |
| Comparative example | 3.520 | 3.520 | 3.517 | 3.517 | 3.522 | 3.522 | |
| Example 1 | 3.519 | 3.519 | 3.518 | 3.518 | 3.519 | 3.519 |
As can be seen from table 1, after the use of the wire having overcurrent and overtemperature Fuse protection function (Fuse function) replaces the existing busbar (i.e., the existing conventional busbar, the conventional busbar having the series-parallel connection function is the busbar having a plurality of connection terminals), the function of balancing current and voltage can still be performed, and the cell voltages parallel to each other are completely the same. Carrying out superficial needling on the #3 cells in the two groups of 2P3S modules of example 1 and the comparative example respectively, and recording the voltage changes of the #3 cells and the #4 cells of the two groups of 2P3S modules and the temperature condition of a bus bar between the two groups of 2P3S modules;
as can be seen from fig. 3 and 4, in the module 2P3S of the comparative example, after the monomer electric core # 3 is subjected to superficial needling, the monomer electric core #4 continuously charges the monomer electric core # 3 through the busbar (i.e. the conventional busbar, which is a busbar having a plurality of connection ends and simultaneously functions as a series-parallel connection), which causes the temperature of the busbar between the two monomer electric cores to continuously increase, and the temperature of the monomer electric core # 3 also increases relatively, thus causing thermal runaway due to capacity.
As can be seen from fig. 5 and 6, in the 2P3S module of example 1, after the #3 cell is subjected to superficial needling, the #3 cell is charged by the #4 cell through the wire, and then reaches the fusing current rapidly, so that the voltage of the #4 cell is maintained stable, and in the case of no external power charging, the temperature rise of the #3 cell is slow, and the final temperature is about 23 ℃ (reduced by about 40%) lower than that of the comparative example, so that the safety is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the high-safety power battery module provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. when the battery module provided by the invention is charged or discharged in a normal working state, the traditional bus bar (namely, the linear bus bar between the monomer battery cores) plays a main current conduction role, and the lead with an overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection function (Fuse function) plays a role in current and voltage balance;
2. for a certain cell series structure, when a voltage difference exists between two adjacent monomer cells connected by a wire with overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection functions (Fuse functions), the monomer cells can be charged by a high-voltage battery to a low-voltage battery through the wire at a low current, and the charging is stopped when the two voltages are the same, so that the current and voltage balance effect is realized. When the high-voltage battery charges the low-voltage battery, if the charging current exceeds the fusing threshold of the conducting wire (i.e. the conducting wire passing through the charging current), the conducting wire will fuse due to overcurrent or overtemperature, so as to break the charging branch of the abnormal battery.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the high-safety power battery module provided by the invention has a scientific structural design, and when abnormal conditions such as short circuit and thermal runaway occur to the cells connected in parallel in the power battery module, and the voltage of the abnormal cell is lower than that of other normal cells connected in parallel with the abnormal cell, the condition that the normal cell carries out unsafe charging on the abnormal cell is effectively avoided, the overall safety of the module is improved, and the high-safety power battery module has great practical significance.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A high-safety power battery module is characterized by comprising a plurality of battery cell series structures (100);
each cell series structure (100) comprises a plurality of single cells B connected in parallel;
the number of the single battery cores B in the plurality of battery core series structures is the same;
for any two adjacent battery cell series structures, the anode of each single battery cell in the previous battery cell series structure is connected with the cathode of each single battery cell B in the next battery cell series structure through a busbar (1) between the single battery cells;
for any one battery cell series structure of the non-total positive output end and the non-total negative output end, the negative poles of any two adjacent monomer battery cells B in the battery cell series structure are respectively connected through a lead (2) with overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection functions;
for the battery cell series structure positioned at the output end of the total positive electrode, the positive electrode of each single battery cell B in the battery cell series structure is connected with a total positive electrode output bus bar;
for the cell series structure located at the total negative output end, the positive electrode of each single cell B in the cell series structure is connected with a total negative output busbar.
2. The high-safety power battery module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inter-cell bus bar (1) is a linear bus bar having two terminals.
3. The high-safety power battery module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lead wires with overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection function are aluminum substrates or a combination of conductive substrates and fuses.
4. The high-safety power battery module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lead with overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection function is made of one or more of aluminum, copper and nickel;
the fuse is connected in series with the wire with the overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection function.
5. The high-safety power battery module as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the magnitude of the current fusing threshold I of the lead with overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection function is calculated according to the maximum voltage difference Δ U allowed to occur between the single battery cells of the circuit in which the lead is located and the internal resistance R of the circuit, and the specific formula is I ═ Δ U/R.
6. The high-safety power battery module as claimed in claim 5, wherein when the allowable voltage difference between the unit cells in the circuit loop of the lead with overcurrent and overtemperature fusing protection function is 3-30 mV at the upper limit, and the overall resistance of the circuit is 3m Ω, the fusing current of the lead is set to 1-10A.
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| CN202111525264.5A CN114388993A (en) | 2021-12-14 | 2021-12-14 | High-safety power battery module |
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| CN202111525264.5A CN114388993A (en) | 2021-12-14 | 2021-12-14 | High-safety power battery module |
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| CN114388993A true CN114388993A (en) | 2022-04-22 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115347336A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-11-15 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 | Unmanned aerial vehicle distributed power battery |
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| CN214254661U (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-09-21 | 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 | Bus structure and battery module |
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2021
- 2021-12-14 CN CN202111525264.5A patent/CN114388993A/en active Pending
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| CN201887440U (en) * | 2010-07-02 | 2011-06-29 | 清华大学 | Power battery pack safety protector |
| CN205543028U (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-08-31 | 深圳市诚卓能源科技有限公司 | Lithium ion battery group with overcurrent protection structure |
| CN108448021A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-08-24 | 东莞塔菲尔新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of battery modules |
| CN214254661U (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-09-21 | 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 | Bus structure and battery module |
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| CN115347336A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-11-15 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 | Unmanned aerial vehicle distributed power battery |
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