CN114388318A - Multi-station air charging and discharging equipment and air charging and discharging method - Google Patents

Multi-station air charging and discharging equipment and air charging and discharging method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114388318A
CN114388318A CN202210051503.6A CN202210051503A CN114388318A CN 114388318 A CN114388318 A CN 114388318A CN 202210051503 A CN202210051503 A CN 202210051503A CN 114388318 A CN114388318 A CN 114388318A
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China
Prior art keywords
inflation
pipeline
exhaust
gas
valve
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Granted
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CN202210051503.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114388318B (en
Inventor
孙晓恺
刘继东
黄振宇
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Suzhou Zhongke Kemei Technology Co ltd
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Suzhou Zhongke Kemei Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/38—Exhausting, degassing, filling, or cleaning vessels
    • H01J9/385—Exhausting vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B37/00—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00
    • F04B37/10—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use
    • F04B37/14—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use to obtain high vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/06—Combinations of two or more pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/22—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/22—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves
    • F04B49/24—Bypassing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/38—Exhausting, degassing, filling, or cleaning vessels
    • H01J9/395—Filling vessels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Pipeline Systems (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-station air charging and discharging device and an air charging and discharging method, which are technically characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: more than 2 stations, inflating equipment and exhausting equipment; the station includes: a carrier tool, a container assembly, the container assembly being placed on the carrier tool; the exhaust equipment is used for exhausting the containers arranged on the station; the inflating equipment is used for inflating the containers arranged on the station. By adopting the multi-station air charging and discharging equipment and the air charging and discharging method, the transformation of the old equipment is conveniently guided.

Description

Multi-station air charging and discharging equipment and air charging and discharging method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of gas charging and discharging mechanical equipment, in particular to multi-station gas charging and discharging equipment and a gas charging and discharging method.
Background
With the development of society, the related technical field is also continuously expanded, and an inflation and exhaust system is one of the technical fields. By utilizing the differential pressure principle of vacuum science, a plurality of air charging and discharging devices are provided, and the containers are specially charged with required air. For example: filling the food packaging bag with nitrogen (US5885640A, US3335014A) to keep the food dry and prevent the food from being squeezed; the gas storage tank is filled with the gas to be stored, and the gas in the container is discharged to create a vacuum sterile environment (EP3473587a 1). Most of the above devices use a pressure differential to force gas into or out of the container.
However, in the application to the field of luminaires, the solutions described in the above documents are no longer adaptable.
The lamp industry has several requirements:
1) the quantity is large;
2) the inflation is various and is not a single gas;
3) the precision of the filling requirement is high because the ratio between the gases is strictly controlled, otherwise the lamp requirement cannot be met.
Applicants searched for in Himmpat and CNKI: "lamp and air inflation and exhaust (air exhaust OR exhaust)", no relevant equipment for the product is found (technical solutions such as CN204537981U, although air inflation and exhaust are also performed on the lamp, air inflation and exhaust of a plurality of lamps cannot be realized).
Therefore, the above apparatus needs to be originally innovated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-station air charging and discharging device and an air charging and discharging method aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows:
a multi-station inflation and exhaust apparatus, comprising: more than 2 stations, inflating equipment and exhausting equipment;
the station includes: a carrier tool, a container assembly, the container assembly being placed on the carrier tool;
the exhaust equipment is used for exhausting the containers arranged on the station;
the inflating equipment is used for inflating the containers arranged on the station.
Further, the container assembly includes: m rows x n columns of containers, wherein m and n are natural numbers more than or equal to 1;
the connecting port of each lamp is connected with a primary vent pipe, and the tail end of the primary vent pipe of each row of n lamps is connected with a secondary vent pipe; the number of the secondary vent pipes is m, and air valves are arranged on the secondary vent pipes; the tail ends of the m secondary vent pipes are connected to the tertiary vent pipe.
Further, an inflation apparatus comprising: q inflation control units;
the inflation control unit includes: the device comprises a primary pipeline for inflation, and a gas cylinder, a pressure reducing valve, a fine adjustment valve, a flow meter and an 1/4 pneumatic stop valve which are sequentially connected with the primary pipeline for inflation;
the inflation apparatus further includes: the film gauge, the secondary pipeline for inflation, the tertiary pipeline for inflation, the inflation valve of the tertiary pipeline for inflation and the inflation valve of the secondary pipeline for inflation;
the tail ends of the primary pipelines for inflation of the q inflation control units are connected to the secondary pipelines for inflation;
the secondary pipeline for inflation is provided with a secondary pipeline inflation valve for inflation;
the tail end of the secondary pipeline for inflation is connected with x tertiary pipelines for inflation, and a tertiary pipeline inflation valve for inflation is arranged on the tertiary pipelines for inflation.
The film gauge is arranged on any one of the three-stage pipelines for inflation, and the film gauge is arranged on the inner side of the air inlet of the inflation valve of the three-stage pipeline for inflation.
Further, an exhaust apparatus comprising: the device comprises a vacuum pump, a partition deflation valve, a front-stage valve, a molecular pump, a gate valve, an ionization gauge, a first resistance gauge, a side pumping valve, a second resistance gauge, a pre-pumping valve and a main pumping valve;
further comprising: a first exhaust duct, a second exhaust duct, a third exhaust duct, a fourth exhaust duct, and a fifth exhaust duct.
The vacuum pump is connected with a first pipeline for exhaust, and a partition deflation valve and a resistance gauge are installed on the first pipeline;
the first pipeline is respectively connected with the second pipeline for exhaust and the third pipeline for exhaust;
the third pipeline for exhaust is provided with a side pumping valve, the second pipeline for exhaust is provided with a front valve, a molecular pump, a gate valve and an ionization gauge (the gate valve is used for protecting the molecular pump, the molecular pump works on the principle that the vacuum is lower than 5Pa to start, the time for starting and stopping the molecular pump is more than 20 minutes, the gate valve is arranged, the molecular pump can be directly closed without stopping the molecular pump when a product is replaced, the side pumping valve 308 is used for replacing a workpiece, the vacuum is pumped to be lower than 5Pa, then the gate valve is opened, the molecular pump does not stop, the ionization gauge is generally matched with the second resistance gauge, the measurement range of the ionization gauge is lower than 2Pa, and when the vacuum degree is higher than 2Pa and higher, the ionization gauge is burnt out).
The second pipeline for exhaust and the third pipeline for exhaust are both communicated with one end of the fourth pipeline for exhaust;
the fourth pipeline for exhaust is provided with: a second resistance gauge, a pre-pumping valve;
the other end of the exhaust fourth pipeline is respectively connected with x exhaust fifth pipelines; and main pumping valves are arranged on the fifth pipelines for exhaust.
Further, the matching design of the container assembly and the inflating device is as follows: and the x three-level pipelines for inflation are communicated with the x three-level vent pipes in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
Further, the matching design of the container assembly and the air exhausting device is as follows: the x exhaust pipes are respectively connected with the x three-level vent pipes in a one-to-one correspondence mode through a fifth pipeline.
Further, the cooperation design of inflation equipment, exhaust apparatus: the fourth pipeline is used in the exhaust and aerifys with the second grade pipeline between the intercommunication and be provided with the gas circuit valve (the effect of gas circuit valve is that 3 way gases fill a product after, have remaining mixture in the public line, when doing next batch of product, open this valve, take out remaining mist, just so can ensure that every product fills the precision).
A method of charging and discharging, comprising:
s100, firstly, vacuumizing a container;
s200, the user specifies:
the final gas pressure Pn;
gas of type 1: gas of type 2: … the ratio of the nth gas is: beta is a1:β2:……βnWherein, β1<β2……βn；
S300, different gas target pressures are as follows:
P1＝[β1/(β1+β2+……+βn)]Pn
P2＝[(β1+β2)/(β1+β2+……+βn)]Pn
……
Pn-1＝[(β1+β2+……+βn-1)/(β1+β2+……+βn)]Pn
Pn＝Pn。
s400, sequentially filling 1 st gas: gas of type 2: … nth gas:
s400.1 filling with gas type 1: the container is filled with only the 1 st gas until the pressure in the container reaches P1；
S400.2 filling with gas of type 2: the container is filled with only the 2 nd gas until the pressure in the container reaches P2；
……
S400.n, filling the nth gas: the container is filled with only the nth gas until the pressure in the container reaches Pn。
An inflation method, wherein a container is filled with gas A, the target inflation pressure is known as O pa, and the strength in the container before the gas A is filled is known as Y pa;
a flowmeter is connected between the gas source of the gas A and the container: controlling the speed of gas inflation by controlling the opening of the flowmeter;
the maximum opening of the flowmeter of the gas A is known to be Z; as the inflation pressure increases, the actual opening R of the flow meter becomes Z × K, K representing an opening control coefficient, which ranges from [0,1 ];
wherein, the relationship between K and the current gas pressure X in the container adopts the following method:
when O-Y < L:
at X in [ Y, O ]]When K is [ (O-X)/O ═ O]h
When O-Y > L:
when X is [ Y, O-L ], K is 1.0;
at X in [ O-L, O]When K is [ (O-X)/L ═ L]h；
Wherein, L takes the value between [220, 270], h takes the value between [1.5, 1.9 ].
Further, when O-Y is 100 or less, h is 1.7.
The multi-station air charging and discharging equipment is adopted in the air charging and discharging method, and comprises the following steps:
a. exhausting:
(1) all valves of the inflation equipment are set to be closed;
(2) starting the vacuum pump to work, opening the side pumping valve, closing the gate valve, opening the preset main pumping valve, opening the preset air valve and pre-pumping the container;
(3) keeping the inflation valves of the inflation three-stage pipelines of the x inflation three-stage pipelines open, communicating the film gauge with a three-stage vent pipe of the container assembly on a station needing air suction, and measuring the vacuum degree by observing the film gauge;
(4) after the vacuum pump is pre-pumped to a proper vacuum degree, the side pumping valve is closed, the gate valve is opened, the molecular pump starts to work, the main pumping is carried out on the container, the numerical value of the ionization gauge is observed at the moment, when the numerical value reaches the requirement, the ionization gauge is closed (the ionization gauge can be opened when the numerical value is below 2Pa, otherwise, the filament of the ionization gauge is oxidized and burned off), the main pumping valve is closed, and all gas valves are closed.
b. And (3) inflating:
(1) all valves of the exhaust equipment remain closed;
(2) opening a secondary pipeline inflation valve for inflation and a preset tertiary pipeline inflation valve for inflation;
(3) the q inflation control units are opened according to the preset requirement to inflate the container;
during inflation, the precision control method is as follows:
filling the container with gas A, wherein the target inflation pressure is known to be O pa, and the strength in the container before filling the gas A is known to be Y pa;
a flowmeter is connected between the gas source of the gas A and the container: controlling the speed of gas inflation by controlling the opening of the flowmeter;
the maximum opening of the flowmeter of the gas A is known to be Z; as the inflation pressure increases, the actual opening R of the flow meter becomes Z × K, K representing an opening control coefficient, which ranges from [0,1 ];
wherein, the relationship between K and the current gas pressure X in the container adopts the following method:
when O-Y < L:
at X in [ Y, O ]]When K is [ (O-X)/O ═ O]h
When O-Y > L:
when X is [ Y, O-L ], K is 1.0;
at X in [ O-L, O]When K is [ (O-X)/L ═ L]h；
Wherein, L takes the value between [220, 270], h takes the value of [1.5, 1.9 ];
(4) after the containers on all the stations are inflated, closing the valves opened in the step (2) and the valves opened in the step (3), and completing inflation;
c. and (3) sealing:
after the equipment completes the operation of charging and discharging the lamp tubes, the welding gun is used for burning and sealing the air ports of the lamp tubes, and a batch of lamp tubes can be replaced to continue to repeat the operation.
Furthermore, the container is a lamp tube.
The beneficial effect of this application lies in:
first, a first invention of the present application is: the system has comprehensive vacuum monitoring and stable system adjusting devices by utilizing the matching of the vacuum pump and various valves, and is matched with terminal control (namely control of inflation and air exhaust in the second embodiment) based on the PLC, so that the system has high automation degree; the invention has a plurality of air charging and discharging pipelines, can charge and discharge a plurality of containers at one time, has short intermediate time and high production efficiency (different air charging requirements of different stations can be realized during air charging (certainly, the air charging is not simultaneously realized). In the invention, a plurality of vacuum degree monitoring and adjusting devices are arranged between the container and the pump body and between the container and the inflation inlet, so that the current vacuum degree can be fed back in real time, and the adjustment and operation can be carried out in time according to feedback information, thus the safety is higher, and the system is more intelligent.
Second, the second invention of the present application is: the ingenious design of the thin film gauge 206; in a conventional design, 1 station would have 1 film gauge set. However, this application need not, and this application only need set up 1 film rule, can realize bleeding and aerifing the double-process, to the test of 1 arbitrary container pressure of arbitrary station. I.e., the design of the present application, eliminates the x-1 film gauge.
Third, the third invention of the present application is: design of the exhaust device. The general exhaust devices are: the vacuum pump is directly connected with a fourth pipeline for exhausting; and the present application is not of the above design.
The application adopts the following design:
the vacuum pump is connected with a first pipeline for exhaust, and a partition deflation valve and a resistance gauge are installed on the first pipeline; the first pipeline is respectively connected with the second pipeline for exhaust and the third pipeline for exhaust; a side pumping valve is arranged on the third pipeline for exhaust, and a front valve, a molecular pump, a gate valve and an ionization gauge are arranged on the second pipeline for exhaust; the second pipeline for exhaust and the third pipeline for exhaust are both communicated with one end of the fourth pipeline for exhaust; the fourth pipeline for exhaust is provided with: a second resistance gauge, a pre-pumping valve; the other end of the exhaust fourth pipeline is respectively connected with x exhaust fifth pipelines; and main pumping valves are arranged on the fifth pipelines for exhaust.
The significance of the design is as follows: the vacuum pump, the first pipeline for exhaust and the second pipeline for exhaust mainly complete vacuum pre-pumping, and the general vacuum degree can only be pumped to about 1 pa; the vacuum pump is communicated with the first pipeline for exhaust and the third pipeline for exhaust, and the pipeline mainly completes high vacuum pumping and can pump to 0.0001pa or below.
Fourth, a fourth invention of the present application is: the problem of how to accurately control the proportion when a plurality of gases exist in the lamp.
The scheme provided by the application mainly depends on the following two points:
3.1, sequentially inflating according to the gas content from less to most when inflating;
3.2 the method of controlling the pressure within the target range (+ -1%) is:
an inflation method, wherein a container is filled with gas A, the target inflation pressure is known as O pa, and the strength in the container before the gas A is filled is known as Y pa; a flowmeter is connected between the gas source of the gas A and the container; controlling the gas inflation speed by controlling the opening of the flowmeter: the maximum opening of the flowmeter of the gas A is known to be Z; as the charge pressure increases, the actual opening R of the flow meter becomes Z × K, and K represents an opening control coefficient, which is in the range of [0,1 ].
Whereas for the determination of K, the applicant's study goes through three phases:
stage one: initial protocol >
As shown in FIG. 7, test studies were conducted for 50-500 pa.
Setting the pressure intensity in the lamp as X;
the first control scheme is as follows: k ═ O-X)/(O-Y)
And a second control scheme: k ═ [ (O-X)/(O-Y)]0.5
And the control scheme is as follows: k ═ [ (O-X)/(O-Y)]2
And the control scheme is as follows: k ═ [ (O-X)/(O-Y)]3
Firstly, the second scheme is not feasible, which can cause serious overcharge; after the flowmeter valve is closed, the stable lamp pressure reaches 511 pa; secondly, the scheme one, the scheme three and the scheme four are feasible, but the efficiency of the scheme three and the scheme four is lower; however, the precision of the third scheme and the fourth scheme is higher than that of the first scheme (504.1 pa).
< stage two: practical design >
Through a plurality of experiments, the inventor finds that: the efficiency and the precision are mutually contradictory, the opening control coefficient is low, the precision is better, and the efficiency is lower; the opening degree control coefficient is high, and the efficiency is higher the worse the precision is.
How to balance efficiency and precision is the key point of the problem.
As shown in fig. 8, four schemes are proposed:
when X is [ Y, O-L ], K is 1.0;
when X is [ O-L, O ], K adopts the following scheme:
the first control scheme is as follows: k ═ O-X)/(L)
And a second control scheme: k ═ O [ (O-X)/(L)]0.5
And the control scheme is as follows: k ═ O-X)/(L]1.5
And the control scheme is as follows: k ═ O [ (O-X)/(L)]1.9
According to the scheme, the requirements can be met by the scheme three and the scheme four: i.e. the efficiency is optimized under the requirement of meeting the precision (note that L is suitable at 200, 230), the first and second effects of the scheme are not good.
The above scheme is in other words: the pressure is increased from 200pa to 1000pa, and the opening control coefficient K does not need to be adjusted between 200 and 770pa, and only needs to be adjusted within the range of 230pa, namely 770-1000 pa.
Stage three: low content of gas >
The conclusion from stage two is not applicable to low gas content. For example, the primary gas is often only 30pa to 100 pa. For these gases with low aeration, the control scheme using the control method obtained in stage two is not suitable.
The first control scheme is as follows: k ═ O-X)/(O)
And a second control scheme: k ═ O-X/O]1.7
And the control scheme is as follows: k ═ O-X/O]1.5
And the control scheme is as follows: k ═ O-X/O]1.9
The test result shows that: scheme two, scheme three, scheme four are all suitable, and scheme one precision deviation.
In the scheme obtained in stage three, it is noted that: the opening degree control coefficient is not necessarily 1.0 at the initial time. That is, at the start of the charge, the flow meter valve cannot be opened to the maximum as it is intended for stage one or stage two. This is mainly for 2 gases with lower contents.
Drawings
The invention will be further described in detail with reference to examples of embodiments shown in the drawings to which, however, the invention is not restricted.
Fig. 1 is a pipeline design diagram of a multi-station inflation and exhaust device.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the multi-station inflation and deflation apparatus of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional layout of the device of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a side view of the multi-station inflation and deflation apparatus of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional design of the multi-station inflation and deflation equipment of the application at another view angle.
Fig. 6 is a practical diagram of the apparatus of the present application.
FIG. 7 is a comparison of the four schemes at stage one in example 2.
FIG. 8 is a comparison of the four schemes for stage two in example 2.
FIG. 9 is a comparison of the four schemes at stage three in example 2.
The reference numerals are explained below:
a station 100, an inflation device 200 and an exhaust device 300;
a loading tool 101, a container assembly 102 and an air valve 103;
a first-stage vent pipe 111, a second-stage vent pipe 112, and a third-stage vent pipe 113;
a first-stage pipeline for inflation, an air bottle 201, a pressure reducing valve 202, a fine adjustment valve 203, a flow meter 204, a pneumatic stop valve 1/4, a film gauge 206, a third-stage pipeline inflation valve 207 for inflation and a second-stage pipeline inflation valve 208 for inflation;
the device comprises an exhaust device 300, a vacuum pump 301, a block deflation valve 302, a pre-stage valve 303, a molecular pump 304, a gate valve 305, an ionization gauge 306, a first resistance gauge 307, a bypass extraction valve 308, a second resistance gauge 309, a pre-extraction valve 310 and a main extraction valve 321;
a first exhaust duct 311, a second exhaust duct 312, a third exhaust duct 313, a fourth exhaust duct 314, and a fifth exhaust duct 315;
an air passage valve 401.
Detailed Description
Example 1: a multi-station air charging and discharging device.
(1) Basic device research and development
A multi-station inflation and exhaust device comprises x stations 100, an inflation device 200 and an exhaust device 300; x is a natural number of 1 or more (x in fig. 1 is 2);
the station 100 comprises: a carrier tool 101, a container assembly 102 (in fig. 2 of the present application, the container is a lamp);
the air exhausting device 300 is used for exhausting the containers arranged on the station 100;
the inflation apparatus 200 is used to inflate the containers provided at the station 100.
(2) Design of container assembly
The container assembly 102, comprising: m rows x n columns of containers, wherein m and n are natural numbers more than or equal to 1; (as shown in fig. 1, m is 4 and n is 6);
the connecting port of each lamp is connected with a primary vent pipe 111, and the tail end of the primary vent pipe 111 of each row of n lamps is connected with a secondary vent pipe 112;
the number of the secondary vent pipes 112 is m, and the secondary vent pipes 112 are all provided with air valves 103;
the ends of the m secondary vent pipes 112 are each connected to a tertiary vent pipe 113.
(3) Design of inflation equipment
The inflator device 200 includes: q inflation control units, a film gauge 206, a three-stage pipeline inflation valve 207 for inflation, a two-stage pipeline inflation valve 208 for inflation, a two-stage pipeline 212 for inflation and a three-stage pipeline 213 for inflation;
the inflation control unit includes: a primary pipeline 211 for charging and a gas cylinder 201, a pressure reducing valve 202, a trim valve 203, a flow meter 204 and a 1/4 pneumatic stop valve 205 which are sequentially connected with the primary pipeline 211 for charging (1/4 pneumatic stop valve 205 is generally matched with the flow meter 204 for use, and when the flow meter 204 is not closed tightly or is damaged, the branch can be directly cut off);
the ends of the primary pipes 211 for inflation of the q inflation control units are connected to the secondary pipes 212 for inflation;
the secondary pipeline 212 for inflation is provided with a secondary pipeline inflation valve 208 for inflation;
the end of the secondary pipeline 212 for inflation is connected with x tertiary pipelines 213 for inflation, and the tertiary pipeline 213 for inflation is provided with a tertiary pipeline inflation valve 207 for inflation.
A membrane gauge 206 is arranged on 1 of the three-stage pipelines 213 for inflation;
(4) design of exhaust equipment
An exhaust apparatus 300, comprising: the device comprises a vacuum pump 301, a block deflation valve 302, a pre-stage valve 303, a molecular pump 304, a gate valve 305, an ionization gauge 306, a first resistance gauge 307, a bypass extraction valve 308, a second resistance gauge 309, a pre-extraction valve 310 and a main extraction valve 321;
further comprising: a first exhaust duct 311, a second exhaust duct 312, a third exhaust duct 313, a fourth exhaust duct 314, and a fifth exhaust duct 315.
The vacuum pump 301 is connected with a first pipeline 311 for exhaust, and a separation deflation valve 302 and a resistance gauge 307 are installed on the first pipeline 311;
the first duct 311 is connected to the second duct 312 for exhaust and the third duct 313 for exhaust (that is, the second duct 312 for exhaust and the third duct 313 for exhaust are arranged in parallel);
a bypass valve 308 is installed in the third exhaust pipe 313, and a backing valve 303, a molecular pump 304, a gate valve 305, and an ionization gauge 306 are installed in the second exhaust pipe 312;
the second exhaust pipe 312 and the third exhaust pipe 313 are both connected to one end of the fourth exhaust pipe 314,
the fourth exhaust pipe 314 is provided with: a second resistance gauge 309, a pre-pump valve 310;
the other end of the exhaust fourth pipe 314 is connected to x exhaust fifth pipes 315; the exhaust fifth pipes 315 are each provided with a main suction valve 321;
(5)the matching design of the container assembly and the inflating equipment comprises the following steps:the x three-level pipelines 213 for inflation are in one-to-one correspondence communication with the x three-level vent pipes 113.
(6) The matching design of the container assembly and the air exhausting device is as follows:the x exhaust gas fifth pipes 315 are connected to the x three-stage breather pipes 113 in a one-to-one correspondence.
(7) The matching design of the inflating equipment and the exhausting equipment is as follows:an air passage valve 401 is provided between the fourth exhaust pipe 314 and the secondary inflation pipe 212.
For the convenience of transportation, the carrying tool 101 of the present application adopts a carrying trolley; of course, the carrier may be exchanged for another AGV vehicle.
Example 2: multi-station air charging and exhausting mode
(1) Technical difficulties and solutions
The difficulties of the apparatus of the present application are: how to inflate according to the customer's requirements. For example: 30% hydrogen + 50% helium + 20% argon, and thus how to aerate.
The solution to this problem employs several techniques:
first, q gas cylinders 201 of the gas filling device 200 are placed in each gas cylinder with one gas.
Second, the lamp, when inflated, assumes it requires a type 1 gas: gas of type 2: … the requirements for the nth gas are: x is the number of1mol：x2mol：……xnmol, and x1<x2<……xn
Adopting an ideal gas state equation:
PV＝nRT
2.1 filling with gas type 1 (i.e. the gas with the least content):
the inflation control unit corresponding to the 1 st gas is turned on to fill the lamp tube with only the 1 st gas, and the pressure P is monitored by the gauge 2061:
P1＝(x1RT1)/V
2.2 filling with gas of type 2:
opening the inflation control sheet corresponding to the 2 nd gasFirst, the lamp tube is filled with only the 2 nd gas, and the pressure is monitored by the film gauge 206 to reach P2:
P2＝[(x1+x2)RT2]/V
2.3 filling with gas type 3:
the inflation control unit corresponding to the 3 rd gas is turned on to fill the lamp tube with only the 3 rd gas, and the pressure P is monitored by the gauge 2063:
P3＝[(x1+x2+x3)RT3]/V
……
N filling with the nth gas:
the gas filling control unit corresponding to the nth gas is opened to fill the lamp tube with only the nth gas, and the pressure reaching P is monitored by the film gauge 206n:
Pn＝[(x1+x2+x3+……+xn)RTn]/V
T1、T2… … Tn can be measured by placing a temperature sensor next to the film gauge 206; to simplify the control, T1＝T2… … Tn rt.
In practice, the user would specify: final gas pressure Pn, and individual 1 st gas: gas of type 2: … nth gas ratio beta1:β2:……βn(β1<β2……βn)
Then, the different gas target pressures are:
P1＝[β1/(β1+β2+……+βn)]Pn
P2＝[(β1+β2)/(β1+β2+……+βn)]Pn
……
Pn-1＝[(β1+β2+……+βn-1)/(β1+β2+……+βn)]Pn
Pn＝Pn
thirdly, the control core idea of the application is as follows:
3.1, sequentially inflating according to the gas content from less to most when inflating;
3.2 the quality of the content proportion control is mainly controlled by: the pressure signal of the diaphragm gauge 206. However, aeration is a continuous process, the valve closes too early, and the pressure is not as high as desired (i.e., the gas is less abundant); and the valve is closed too late, the pressure exceeds too much (namely the content of the gas exceeds the standard); how to control the pressure within the target range (+ -1%)
How to ensure the control accuracy is the key to this problem.
For the jth gas, the target inflation pressure is known to be O pa, and the pressure in the lamp before the jth gas is inflated is known to be Y pa; by controlling the opening of the flow meter 204 to control how fast the gas is inflated: the maximum opening of the flow meter for gas a is known as Z (constant), and as the charge pressure increases, the actual opening R of the flow meter becomes Z × K.
The opening degree control coefficient K is a value from 0 to 1: 0 indicates off and 1 indicates full on.
For the control of K, the applicant's study goes through three phases:
stage one: initial protocol >
As shown in FIG. 7, test studies were conducted for 50-500 pa.
Setting the pressure intensity in the lamp as X;
the first control scheme is as follows: k ═ O-X)/(O-Y)
And a second control scheme: k ═ [ (O-X)/(O-Y)]0.5
And the control scheme is as follows: k ═ [ (O-X)/(O-Y)]2
And the control scheme is as follows: k ═ [ (O-X)/(O-Y)]3
Firstly, the second scheme is not feasible, which can cause serious overcharge; after the flowmeter valve is closed, the stable lamp pressure reaches 511 pa; secondly, the scheme one, the scheme three and the scheme four are feasible, but the efficiency of the scheme three and the scheme four is lower; however, the precision of the third scheme and the fourth scheme is higher than that of the first scheme (504.1 pa).
< stage two: practical design >
Through a plurality of experiments, the inventor finds that: the efficiency and the precision are mutually contradictory, the opening control coefficient is low, the precision is better, and the efficiency is lower; the opening degree control coefficient is high, and the efficiency is higher the worse the precision is.
How to balance efficiency and precision is the key point of the problem.
As shown in fig. 8, four schemes are proposed:
when X is [ Y, O-L ], K is 1.0;
when X is [ O-L, O ], K adopts the following scheme:
the first control scheme is as follows: k ═ O-X)/(L)
And a second control scheme: k ═ O [ (O-X)/(L)]0.5
And the control scheme is as follows: k ═ O-X)/(L]1.5
And the control scheme is as follows: k ═ O [ (O-X)/(L)]1.9
According to the scheme, the requirements can be met by the scheme three and the scheme four: i.e. the efficiency is optimized under the requirement of meeting the precision (note that L is suitable at 200, 230), the first and second effects of the scheme are not good.
The above scheme is in other words: the pressure is increased from 200pa to 1000pa, and the opening control coefficient K does not need to be adjusted between 200 and 770pa, and only needs to be adjusted within the range of 230pa, namely 770-1000 pa.
Stage three: low content of gas >
The conclusion from stage two is not applicable to low gas content. For example, the primary gas is often only 30pa to 100 pa. For these gases with low aeration, the control scheme using the control method obtained in stage two is not suitable.
The first control scheme is as follows: k ═ O-X)/(O)
And a second control scheme: k ═ O-X/O]1.7
And the control scheme is as follows: k ═ O-X/O]1.5
And the control scheme is as follows: k ═ O-X/O]1.9
The test result shows that: the second scheme and the fourth scheme are both suitable, the precision of the first scheme does not meet the requirement, and the precision of the third scheme deviates.
In the scheme obtained in stage three, it is noted that: the opening degree control coefficient is not necessarily 1.0 at the initial time. That is, at the start of the charge, the flow meter valve cannot be opened to the maximum as it is intended for stage one or stage two. This is mainly for 2 gases with lower contents.
For the convenience of control, the scheme designed in the third stage is adopted when O-Y < L in the process of inflating the gas.
(2) Final solution
As shown in fig. 1-2, each carrier 101 has 24 tubes, which are evacuated to remove air and then filled with the required gas.
The application discloses exhaust equipment is filled to multistation, includes the following process:
a. exhausting (namely vacuumizing) comprises the following steps:
(5) all valves of the inflation equipment are set to be closed;
(6) the vacuum pump 301 starts to work, the bypass pumping valve 308 is opened, the gate valve 305 is closed, the preset main pumping valve 321 is opened, and the preset air valve 103 is opened to pre-pump the container;
(7) keeping the inflation valves 207 of the inflation three-stage pipelines of the x inflation three-stage pipelines 213 open, so that the film gauge 206 is communicated with the three-stage vent pipe 113 of the container assembly on the station needing air suction, and measuring the vacuum degree by observing the film gauge;
(8) when the vacuum pump 301 pre-pumps to a proper vacuum degree, the side pumping valve 308 is closed, the gate valve 305 is opened, the molecular pump 304 starts to work to perform main pumping on the container, the numerical value of the ionization gauge 306 is observed at the moment, when the numerical value meets the requirement, the ionization gauge is closed, the main pumping valve 321 is closed, and all the gas valves 103 are closed.
b. And (3) inflating:
(1) all valves of the exhaust equipment remain closed;
(2) opening a secondary pipeline inflation valve 208 for inflation and a predetermined tertiary pipeline inflation valve 207 for inflation;
(3) the q inflation control units are opened according to the preset requirement to inflate the container;
(4) after the containers on all the stations are inflated, closing the valves opened in the step (2) and the valves opened in the step (3), and completing inflation;
c. and (3) sealing:
after the equipment completes the operation of charging and discharging the lamp tubes, the welding gun is used for burning and sealing the air ports of the lamp tubes, and a batch of lamp tubes can be replaced to continue to repeat the operation.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only for convenience of description, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and those skilled in the art will understand that the technical features of the present invention can be modified or changed by other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a multistation equipment of airing exhaust which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: more than 2 stations, inflating equipment and exhausting equipment;
the station includes: a carrier tool, a container assembly, the container assembly being placed on the carrier tool;
the exhaust equipment is used for exhausting the containers arranged on the station;
the inflating equipment is used for inflating the containers arranged on the station.
2. The multi-station air charging and discharging device according to claim 1, wherein: the container assembly, comprising: m rows x n columns of containers, wherein m and n are natural numbers more than or equal to 1;
the connecting port of each lamp is connected with a primary vent pipe, and the tail end of the primary vent pipe of each row of n lamps is connected with a secondary vent pipe; the number of the secondary vent pipes is m, and air valves are arranged on the secondary vent pipes; the tail ends of the m secondary vent pipes are connected to the tertiary vent pipe.
3. The multi-station inflation and exhaust apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: an inflator device, comprising: q inflation control units;
the inflation control unit includes: the device comprises a primary pipeline for inflation, and a gas cylinder, a pressure reducing valve, a fine adjustment valve, a flow meter and an 1/4 pneumatic stop valve which are sequentially connected with the primary pipeline for inflation;
the inflation apparatus further includes: the film gauge, the secondary pipeline for inflation, the tertiary pipeline for inflation, the inflation valve of the tertiary pipeline for inflation and the inflation valve of the secondary pipeline for inflation;
the tail ends of the primary pipelines for inflation of the q inflation control units are connected to the secondary pipelines for inflation;
the secondary pipeline for inflation is provided with a secondary pipeline inflation valve for inflation;
the tail end of the secondary pipeline for inflation is connected with x tertiary pipelines for inflation, and the tertiary pipelines for inflation are provided with tertiary pipeline inflation valves for inflation;
the film gauge is arranged on any one of the three-stage pipelines for inflation, and the film gauge is arranged on the inner side of the air inlet of the inflation valve of the three-stage pipeline for inflation.
4. A multi-station inflation and exhaust apparatus according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: an exhaust apparatus comprising: the device comprises a vacuum pump, a partition deflation valve, a front-stage valve, a molecular pump, a gate valve, an ionization gauge, a first resistance gauge, a side pumping valve, a second resistance gauge, a pre-pumping valve and a main pumping valve;
further comprising: a first pipeline for exhaust, a second pipeline for exhaust, a third pipeline for exhaust, a fourth pipeline for exhaust and a fifth pipeline for exhaust;
the vacuum pump is connected with a first pipeline for exhaust, and a partition deflation valve and a resistance gauge are installed on the first pipeline;
the first pipeline is respectively connected with the second pipeline for exhaust and the third pipeline for exhaust;
a side pumping valve is arranged on the third pipeline for exhaust, and a front valve, a molecular pump, a gate valve and an ionization gauge are arranged on the second pipeline for exhaust;
the second pipeline for exhaust and the third pipeline for exhaust are both communicated with one end of the fourth pipeline for exhaust;
the fourth pipeline for exhaust is provided with: a second resistance gauge, a pre-pumping valve;
the other end of the exhaust fourth pipeline is respectively connected with x exhaust fifth pipelines; and main pumping valves are arranged on the fifth pipelines for exhaust.
5. The multi-station air charging and discharging device according to claim 4, wherein: the matching design of the container assembly and the inflating equipment comprises the following steps: and the x three-level pipelines for inflation are communicated with the x three-level vent pipes in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
6. The multi-station air charging and discharging device according to claim 5, wherein: the matching design of the container assembly and the air exhausting device is as follows: the x exhaust pipes are respectively connected with the x three-level vent pipes in a one-to-one correspondence mode through a fifth pipeline.
7. A multi-station air charging and discharging device as claimed in claim 46, wherein: the matching design of the inflating equipment and the exhausting equipment is as follows: an air path valve is connected between the fourth pipeline for exhausting and the second-level pipeline for inflating.
8. An inflation/deflation method, comprising:
s100, firstly, vacuumizing a container;
s200, the user specifies:
the final gas pressure Pn;
gas of type 1: gas of type 2: … the ratio of the nth gas is: beta is a1: β2:……βnWherein, β1<β2……βn；
S300, different gas target pressures are as follows:
P1=[β1/（β1+β2+……+βn）] Pn
P2=[（β1+β2）/（β1+β2+……+βn）] Pn
……
Pn-1=[（β1+β2+……+βn-1）/（β1+β2+……+βn）] Pn
Pn=Pn
s400, sequentially filling 1 st gas: gas of type 2: … nth gas:
s400.1 filling with gas type 1: the container is filled with only the 1 st gas until the pressure in the container reaches P1；
S400.2 filling with gas of type 2: the container is filled with only the 2 nd gas until the pressure in the container reaches P2；
……
S400.n, filling the nth gas: the container is filled with only the nth gas until the pressure in the container reaches Pn。
9. An inflation method, characterized in that a container is inflated with gas A, the target inflation pressure is known as O pa, and the pneumatic force in the container before the gas A is inflated is known as Y pa;
a flowmeter is connected between the gas source of the gas A and the container: controlling the speed of gas inflation by controlling the opening of the flowmeter;
the maximum opening of the flowmeter of the gas A is known to be Z; as the charge pressure increases, the actual opening of the flow meter R = Z × K, K representing an opening control coefficient, which ranges from [0,1 ];
wherein, the relationship between K and the current gas pressure X in the container adopts the following method:
when O-Y < L:
at X in [ Y, O ]]When, K = [ (O-X)/O]h
When O-Y > L:
when X is [ Y, O-L ], K = 1.0;
at X in [ O-L, O]When the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature, K=[(O-X)/ L ]h；
wherein, L takes the value between [220, 270], h takes the value between [1.5, 1.9 ].
10. An inflation and exhaust method, which adopts the multi-station inflation and exhaust equipment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, and comprises the following steps:
the method is characterized in that:
a. exhausting:
b. and (3) inflating:
(1) all valves of the exhaust equipment remain closed;
(2) opening a secondary pipeline inflation valve for inflation and a preset tertiary pipeline inflation valve for inflation;
(3) the q inflation control units are opened according to preset requirements to inflate the container:
when inflated, using the method of claim 9;
(4) after the containers on all the stations are inflated, closing the valves opened in the step (2) and the valves opened in the step (3), and completing inflation;
c. and (3) sealing: after the equipment completes the operation of charging and discharging the lamp tubes, the welding gun is used for burning and sealing the air ports of the lamp tubes, and a batch of lamp tubes can be replaced to continue to repeat the operation.
CN202210051503.6A 2022-01-17 2022-01-17 Multi-station air charging and discharging equipment and air charging and discharging method Active CN114388318B (en)

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