CN114385647B - Alliance link-out block method, alliance link-out block device, electronic equipment and medium - Google Patents
Alliance link-out block method, alliance link-out block device, electronic equipment and medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a federation chaining block-out method, a federation chaining block-out device, electronic equipment and a medium. In this embodiment of the application, if any alliance chain node does not receive transaction data in the current block outputting period, when the current block outputting period arrives, an empty block is generated and broadcast to the alliance chain network, so that the empty block is added to the alliance chain when the alliance chain network verifies that the generated empty block is valid. And after the empty block is added to the alliance chain, counting the number of the continuously appeared empty blocks behind the last non-empty block in the alliance chain. And if the number of the empty blocks continuously appearing behind the last non-empty block in the alliance chain is large and the transaction data is not received in the next block-out period, forbidding generation of a new empty block when the next block-out period is reached. Therefore, the waste of computing power caused by the generation of a large number of empty blocks is reduced, the storage space is saved, and the efficient and safe control of the number of the empty blocks on the alliance chain is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of block chaining technologies, and in particular, to a block chaining method and apparatus, an electronic device, and a medium.
Background
The blockchain technology is a brand new distributed infrastructure and computing paradigm that utilizes blockchain data structures to verify and store data, utilizes distributed node consensus algorithms to generate and update data, cryptographically secures data transmission and access, and utilizes intelligent contracts composed of automated script code to program and manipulate data.
Currently, federation chain forms are increasingly used across enterprises and organizations based on the security features of blockchains. In order to improve the efficiency and throughput of transaction execution in the alliance chain, the block out period of the block chain is usually reduced, for example, 1 second, that is, one block is output every 1 second. However, in an actual scenario, the transaction amount in the federation chain is not particularly large, or the transaction time is relatively fixed, so that a large number of empty blocks are generated, and the generation of a large number of empty blocks wastes not only the calculation power but also a large amount of storage space.
Disclosure of Invention
Aspects of the present application provide a federation chaining block method, apparatus, electronic device, and medium, so as to reduce the waste of computing power caused by generating a large number of null blocks and save storage space.
The embodiment of the application provides a block exiting method of a alliance chain, which is applied to a first alliance chain node in an alliance chain network, and the method comprises the following steps: if the first alliance link node does not receive transaction data in the current block output period, generating an empty block when the current block output period is reached, and broadcasting the empty block into the alliance link network so that each alliance link node in the alliance link network can verify the effectiveness of the empty block and add the empty block into the alliance link when the empty block is effective; under the condition that the empty block is added into the alliance chain, acquiring the number of the continuously appeared empty blocks behind the last non-empty block on the alliance chain as a first number; and if the first quantity is equal to the preset quantity threshold value and the transaction data is not received in the next block-out period, forbidding generation of a new empty block when the next block-out period is reached.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a block chaining-out apparatus, including: the processing module is used for generating an empty block when the current block output period arrives if the first alliance link node does not receive the transaction data in the current block output period, and broadcasting the empty block into the alliance link network so that each alliance link point in the alliance link network can verify the effectiveness of the empty block and add the empty block into the alliance link when the empty block is effective; the acquiring module is used for acquiring the number of the empty blocks continuously appearing behind the last non-empty block on the alliance chain as a first number under the condition that the empty blocks are added into the alliance chain; the processing module is further configured to prohibit generation of a new empty block when a next block output period arrives if the first number is equal to a preset number threshold and the transaction data is not received in the next block output period.
An embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, including: a memory and a processor; a memory for storing a computer program; a processor is coupled to the memory for executing a computer program for performing the federation chaining block method.
Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to implement a federation chaining block method.
In this embodiment of the application, if any alliance chain node does not receive transaction data in the current block outputting period, when the current block outputting period arrives, an empty block is generated and broadcast to an alliance chain network, so that the empty block is added to the alliance chain when the alliance chain network verifies that the generated empty block is valid. And after the empty block is added to the alliance chain, counting the number of the continuously appeared empty blocks behind the last non-empty block in the alliance chain. And if the number of the empty blocks continuously appearing behind the last non-empty block in the alliance chain is large and the transaction data is not received in the next block-out period, forbidding generation of a new empty block when the next block-out period is reached. Therefore, the empty blocks are generated on the alliance chain to ensure the safety of the alliance chain, the number of the continuously appeared empty blocks on the alliance chain is limited, the high-frequency generation of the empty blocks is limited, the waste of calculation power caused by generation of a large number of empty blocks is reduced, the storage space is saved, and the number of the empty blocks on the alliance chain is efficiently and safely controlled.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an architecture diagram of an alliance chain network as provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a federation chaining-out block method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an application scenario in which a federation chaining-out block method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is applicable;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating another application scenario in which the federation chaining block method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is applicable;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a federated chaining block device;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail and completely with reference to the following specific embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.
At present, the transaction amount in the federation chain is not particularly large or the transaction time is relatively fixed, so that a large number of empty blocks are generated, and the generation of the large number of empty blocks wastes not only the calculation power but also a large amount of storage space. In view of the foregoing technical problems, embodiments of the present application provide a federation link blocking method, an apparatus, an electronic device, and a medium, where in an embodiment of the present application, if any federation link node does not receive transaction data in a current blocking period, a null block is generated when the current blocking period arrives, and the null block is broadcasted to a federation link network, so that the null block is added to a federation link when the federation link network verifies that the generated null block is valid. And after the empty block is added to the alliance chain, counting the number of the empty blocks continuously appearing behind the last non-empty block in the alliance chain. And if the number of the empty blocks continuously appearing behind the last non-empty block in the alliance chain is large and the transaction data is not received in the next block-out period, forbidding generation of a new empty block when the next block-out period is reached. Therefore, the empty blocks are generated on the alliance chain to ensure the safety of the alliance chain, the number of the continuously appeared empty blocks on the alliance chain is limited, the high-frequency generation of the empty blocks is limited, the waste of calculation power caused by generation of a large number of empty blocks is reduced, the storage space is saved, and the number of the empty blocks on the alliance chain is efficiently and safely controlled.
Fig. 1 is an architecture diagram of an alliance chain network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the federated chain network may include a plurality of federated chain nodes 10, with the federated chain nodes 10 collectively forming the federated chain network. The alliance-link nodes 10 may be terminal devices 20 or servers, the alliance-link nodes 10 have equal positions in an alliance-link network, and the alliance-link nodes 10 maintain one alliance-link 30 together.
In practical applications, the alliance user 40 may initiate a transaction request to an alliance-link node 10 in the alliance-link network through the terminal device 20, and submit transaction data, and the alliance-link node 10 performs corresponding data processing on the transaction data, such as requesting other alliance-link nodes 10 to perform consensus processing, block generation, uplink storage, and the like on the transaction data.
Federated users 40 include, but are not limited to, enterprise users, or individual users, among others, that collectively participate in managing federated chain 30.
The terminal device may be hardware or software. When the terminal device is hardware, the terminal device is, for example, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a desktop computer, a wearable smart device, a smart home device, or the like. When the terminal device is software, it may be installed in the above listed hardware devices, in this case, the terminal device is, for example, a plurality of software modules or a single software module, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited. The server may be hardware or software. When the server is hardware, the server is a single server or a distributed server cluster composed of a plurality of servers. When the server is software, the server may be a plurality of software modules or a single software module, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited.
It should be understood that the number of federated link nodes 10, terminal devices 20, and federated users 40 in FIG. 1 are merely illustrative. In practical application, any number of federation chain nodes 10, terminal devices 20, and federation users 40 are deployed according to actual requirements.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a federation chaining-out block method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Referring to fig. 2, the method may include the steps of:
201. and if the first alliance link node does not receive the transaction data in the current block output period, generating an empty block when the current block output period is reached.
202. And broadcasting the empty block into the alliance chain network, so that each alliance chain link point in the alliance chain network can verify the validity of the empty block and add the empty block into the alliance chain when the empty block is valid.
203. In the case where a free block is added to the alliance chain, the number of free blocks occurring consecutively after the last non-free block in the alliance chain is obtained as the first number.
204. And if the first quantity is equal to the preset quantity threshold value and the transaction data is not received in the next block-out period, forbidding generation of a new empty block when the next block-out period is reached.
The federation chaining-out block method provided by the present embodiment may be performed by any federation chain node 10 in the federation chain network, and for ease of understanding and distinction, any such federation chain node 10 is referred to as a first federation chain node.
In practical applications, the alliance-link network may set a block period according to practical application requirements, for example, the block period is 1 second. If the first alliance link node receives transaction data in the current block output period, when the current block output period is reached, the transaction data are packaged to generate a non-empty block, and the non-empty block is broadcasted to the alliance link network, so that each alliance link node 10 in the alliance link network can verify the validity of the non-empty block, and the non-empty block is added to the alliance link 30 when the non-empty block is valid. If the first alliance link node does not receive the transaction data in the current block outputting period, when the current block outputting period arrives, an empty block is generated and broadcasted to the alliance link network, so that all alliance link 30 nodes in the alliance link network can verify the validity of the empty block, and when the empty block is valid, the empty block is added to the alliance link 30.
It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the way for each federation chain 30 node in the federation chain network to verify the validity of the empty block. In practice, each node of federation chain 30 may be generating a null block and broadcasting it to the network of federation chains. As an example, each node of the federation chain 30 uses the empty block with the largest difficulty value as a valid empty block based on the consensus protocol and adds the valid empty block to the federation chain 30, i.e., uplink the valid empty block. Wherein, the empty block records the corresponding difficulty value.
It is noted that a non-empty block is a block generated based on transaction data upon receipt of transaction data submitted by federated user 40, and an empty block is a block generated without receipt of transaction data submitted by federated user 40 that does not include transaction data.
In this embodiment, the empty blocks are generated on the alliance chain 30 to ensure the security of the alliance chain 30, and the number of the empty blocks continuously appearing on the alliance chain 30 is limited to limit the high-frequency generation of the empty blocks, so that the waste of computing power caused by the generation of a large number of empty blocks is reduced, and the storage space is saved. Thus, it can be appreciated that even in low frequency transaction scenarios, the number of empty blocks that appear in succession after the last non-empty block on federation chain 30 will not be significant over time. In addition, the number of the empty blocks continuously appearing on the alliance chain 30 is limited, and the fact that the alliance chain 30 can set a small block-out period is not influenced, so that the alliance chain 30 is guaranteed to have high transaction execution efficiency and throughput.
Based on the above, after adding a null block to the coalition chain 30, the number of null blocks that appear consecutively after the last non-null block on the coalition chain 30 is counted. For ease of understanding and distinction, the number of empty blocks occurring consecutively after the last non-empty block in federation chain 30 is taken as the first number. If the first number is less than or equal to the preset number threshold, it indicates that the number of empty blocks continuously appearing after the last non-empty block in the alliance chain 30 is small, and if no transaction data is received in the next block leaving period, a new empty block is continuously generated when the next block leaving period arrives. And if the first quantity is equal to the preset quantity threshold, controlling each alliance link node 10 in the alliance link network to forbid generating a new empty block when the next block outlet period is reached under the condition that the data of the transaction is not received in the next block outlet period. Of course, in the case that each federation chain node 10 in the federation chain network receives transaction data within the next out-of-block period, then a new non-empty block is generated based on the transaction data when the next out-of-block period arrives. Thus, the number of empty blocks occurring consecutively after the last non-empty block in the federation chain 30 is controlled not to exceed the preset number threshold. The preset quantity threshold value is set according to the actual application requirement.
It can be understood that even in a low-frequency transaction scenario, if the federation chain network does not receive transaction data submitted by federation users 40 for a long time, an empty block is not generated on federation chain 30 without limitation, but instead, the number of empty blocks occurring consecutively after the last non-empty block on federation chain 30 is at most a preset number threshold.
For ease of understanding, the description is made in conjunction with fig. 3. Assuming a block period of 1 second, a maximum of 6 consecutive empty blocks on the federation chain 30 is limited. At time 13 00 of 2021-12-11, one federation chain node 10 receives the transaction data Tx0 and transaction data Tx1 submitted by federation users 40 and broadcasts to the federation chain network, which adds valid, non-empty blocks including transaction data Tx0 and transaction data Tx1 onto federation chain 30. Within an hour, the entire federation chain network does not receive new transaction data submitted by federation users 40. During this hour, an empty block is generated every 1 second and added to the federation chain 30 until 6 empty blocks are added consecutively on federation chain 30, at which point each federation chain node 10 stops generating empty blocks and continues to add new empty blocks on federation chain 30. At time 14 00 of 2021-12-11, another federation chain node 10 receives the transaction data Tx2 and broadcasts to the federation chain network, which adds a valid, non-empty block including the transaction data Tx2 onto the federation chain 30. Therefore, in a low-frequency trading scenario in which the alliance user 40 submits only two trading requests within 1 hour, although the block output period is 1 second, only 6 empty blocks are generated on the alliance chain 30, the generation number of the empty blocks is greatly reduced, and the computing power and the storage space are saved.
According to the alliance link block outputting method provided by the embodiment of the application, any alliance link node does not receive transaction data in the current block outputting period, when the current block outputting period arrives, an empty block is generated, the empty block is broadcasted to an alliance link network, and the empty block is added to the alliance link network under the condition that the alliance link network verifies that the generated empty block is valid. And after the empty block is added to the alliance chain, counting the number of the continuously appeared empty blocks behind the last non-empty block in the alliance chain. And if the number of the empty blocks continuously appearing behind the last non-empty block in the alliance chain is large and the transaction data is not received in the next block-out period, forbidding generation of a new empty block when the next block-out period is reached. Therefore, the empty blocks are generated on the alliance chain to ensure the safety of the alliance chain, the number of the continuously appeared empty blocks on the alliance chain is limited, the high-frequency generation of the empty blocks is limited, the waste of calculation power caused by generation of a large number of empty blocks is reduced, the storage space is saved, and the number of the empty blocks on the alliance chain is efficiently and safely controlled.
In practical applications, some federation services have a fixed transaction time, for example, only 4 hours of transaction time in a working day. Thus, further optionally, to efficiently and safely control the number of empty blocks on a federation chain, block generation time is limited. Based on this, when the current block period arrives, one implementation process of generating the empty block is as follows: judging whether the current time is in a preset transaction time period or not; if yes, generating a null block when the current block output period is reached. If not, refusing to generate the empty block when the current block output period is reached.
In practical applications, the computing power of each federation link node 10 may be the same or different. It should be understood that the higher the computing power, the greater the processing power of the federation chain node 10. Further alternatively, to efficiently and safely control the number of null blocks on a federation chain 30, a computationally powerful federation chain node 10 may be selected to generate a null block. Based on this, when the current block period arrives, one implementation process of generating the empty block is: when the block output period is reached, the first alliance link node judges whether the current calculation force is larger than or equal to a preset calculation force value; if yes, generating an empty block. If not, refusing to generate the empty block when the current block output period is reached.
In practical applications, the greater the computing power of alliance link nodes 10 participating in null block generation, and the greater the number of alliance link nodes 10 participating in null block generation, the more efficiently and safely the number of null blocks on alliance chain 30 can be controlled. Thus, further optionally, when the current out-of-block period arrives, one implementation process for generating the empty block is as follows: when the current block output period is reached, determining the alliance link nodes 10 with the current computing power not less than the preset computing power value in the alliance link network and the number of the alliance link nodes as a second number; if the second number is larger than or equal to the designated number, selecting the designated number of the alliance link nodes 10 from the alliance link nodes 10 with the current computing power larger than or equal to the preset computing power value, and sending a first notice to the designated number of the alliance link nodes 10 to notice that the designated number of the alliance link nodes 10 generate the empty blocks. If the second quantity is smaller than the designated quantity, subtracting the second quantity from the designated quantity to obtain a third quantity, and selecting the third quantity of the alliance chain nodes 10 from the alliance chain nodes 10 with the current computing power smaller than the preset computing power value; a second notification is sent to the second number of federation chain nodes 10, the federation chain nodes 10, and the third number of federation chain nodes 10 to notify the second number of federation chain nodes 10 and the third number of federation chain nodes 10 to generate an empty block.
The designated number is set according to the actual application requirement, the number of the alliance link nodes 10 participating in generating the empty block is required to reach the designated number, and the alliance link nodes 10 with high computation power are selected to participate in generating the empty block, so that the efficient continuous generation of a plurality of empty blocks on the alliance link 30 can be ensured.
Notably, a federated network is a decentralized network in which the respective federated nodes 10 are equally located. Any of the federation chain nodes 10 can send either the first notification or the second notification and perform the null block generation task upon receiving either the first notification or the second notification. That is, the first federation chain node may send the first notification or the second notification to the second federation chain node 10, or the second federation chain node 10 may send the first notification or the second notification to the first federation chain node. Wherein the second federation chain node 10 is another federation chain node 10 in the federation chain network that does not include the first federation chain node. Thus, in some embodiments of the present application, when a current block output period arrives, one implementation process of generating an empty block by a first federation link node is to receive a first notification or a second notification sent by a second federation link node 10 in a federation link network, and generate an empty block according to the first notification or the second notification; the first notification is sent by the second alliance link node 10 when the number of alliance link nodes 10 of which the current computing power is not less than the preset computing power value in the alliance link network is larger than or equal to the specified number, and the second notification is sent by the second alliance link node 10 when the number of alliance link nodes 10 of which the current computing power is less than the preset computing power value in the alliance link network is smaller than the specified number.
Further optionally, the first federation link node may perform the null block generation task with consideration of the transaction time period and the computing power. Thus, as an example, one implementation of generating an empty block when the current block out period arrives is: judging whether the current time is in a preset transaction time period or not; if the current time is in a preset transaction time period, when a block output period is reached, the first alliance link node judges whether the current calculation force per se is larger than or equal to a preset calculation force value; and if the current calculation force per se is greater than or equal to the preset calculation force value, generating an empty block. And if the current time is not in the preset transaction time period or the current time is in the preset transaction time period and the current calculation force per se is smaller than the preset calculation force value, refusing to generate the empty block when the current block output period is reached.
As a further alternative, the first federation link point may perform the null block generation task taking into account the transaction period, the computing power, and the number of federation link nodes 10. Thus, as an example, one implementation of generating an empty block when the current block out period arrives is: judging whether the current time is in a preset transaction time period or not; if the current time is in the preset transaction time period, determining the alliance link nodes 10 with the current computing power not less than the preset computing power value in the alliance link network and the number of the alliance link nodes as a second number when the block output period is reached; if the second number is larger than or equal to the designated number, selecting a designated number of alliance link nodes 10 from the alliance link nodes 10 with the current computing power larger than or equal to the preset computing power value, and sending a first notice to the designated number of alliance link nodes 10 to notice the designated number of alliance link nodes 10 to generate empty blocks. If the second quantity is smaller than the designated quantity, subtracting the second quantity from the designated quantity to obtain a third quantity, and selecting the third quantity of the alliance chain nodes 10 from the alliance chain nodes 10 with the current computing power smaller than the preset computing power value; a second notification is sent to the second number of federation chain nodes 10, the federation chain nodes 10, and the third number of federation chain nodes 10 to notify the second number of federation chain nodes 10 and the third number of federation chain nodes 10 to generate an empty block. And if the current time is not in the preset transaction time period, refusing to generate the empty block when the current block-out period is reached.
In practical applications, there may be a case of malicious transactions or a case of private blocks. For example, a situation arises where a single federated user 40 privately initiates the transaction generation block and privately hides the block in favor of itself, which is particularly likely to arise in a federated chain network between different organizations. Thus, in some embodiments, to reduce the occurrence of a situation where a single federated user 40 privately initiates the transaction generation block and privates the block, the federated chain network will identify whether the transaction data submitted by a federated user 40 is digitally signed by multiple federated users 40. Transaction data digitally signed by a plurality of federation users 40 may be packaged into blocks with the possibility of being linked up to federation chain 30. Transaction data that is not digitally signed by the plurality of federation users 40 is discarded by the federation chain network and is not packed into blocks.
Thus, in some embodiments, if a first alliance-link node receives first transaction data broadcast by other alliance-link nodes 10 in the alliance-link network in the current block-out period or receives second transaction data submitted by corresponding alliance users 40 in the current block-out period, it is determined whether the first transaction data or the second transaction data is subjected to signature processing by a plurality of alliance-link 30 users; if the first transaction data or the second transaction data is subjected to signature processing of a plurality of users of the alliance chain 30, generating a non-empty block according to the first transaction data or the second transaction data, and broadcasting the non-empty block to the alliance chain network, so that each alliance chain node 10 in the alliance chain network can verify the validity of the non-empty block and add the non-empty block to the alliance chain 30 when the non-empty block is valid.
In practical applications, after receiving the transaction data submitted by the corresponding federation user 40, any one of the federation chain nodes 10 also broadcasts the transaction data to the federation chain network, so that other federation chain nodes 10 in the federation chain network continue to generate the non-empty block based on the transaction data.
Further optionally, in order to better reduce the occurrence of the situation that a single federation user 40 privately initiates the transaction generation block and privates the block, the node identification of the federation chain node 10 having the authority to transmit transaction data is added to the white list. Any federation chain node 10, when broadcasting transaction data to the federation chain network, will determine whether its node identifier is in the white list. And if the white list is not included, determining that the white list does not have the authority of broadcasting the transaction data to the alliance chain network.
Thus, in some embodiments, if a first alliance link node receives second transaction data submitted by its corresponding alliance user 40 in the current block output period, it is determined that a node identifier of the first alliance link node is in a preset white list, and an alliance link node 10 corresponding to the node identifier in the white list has a transaction data sending authority; and broadcasting the second transaction data to the alliance chain network, so that each alliance chain node 10 in the alliance chain network can judge whether the second transaction data is subjected to signature processing of a plurality of alliance chain 30 users.
It should be noted that, if each alliance link node 10 determines that the second transaction data is subjected to signature processing by multiple alliance link 30 users, a non-empty block is generated according to the second transaction data, and the non-empty block is broadcasted to the alliance link network, so that each alliance link node 10 in the alliance link network verifies the validity of the non-empty block and adds the non-empty block to the alliance link 30 when the non-empty block is valid.
For ease of understanding, the description is made in conjunction with fig. 4. Assuming a block period of 1 second, a maximum of 6 consecutive empty blocks on the federation chain 30 is limited. The federation user A digitally signs the transaction data Tx0 and Tx1 respectively by using the identity information of the federation user A to obtain signed transaction data Tx0 (S1) and Tx1 (S1). Meanwhile, the alliance user A requests the alliance user B to continue to digitally sign the transaction data Tx0 (S1), and the alliance user B digitally signs the Tx0 (S1) by using the identity information of the alliance user B to obtain the signed transaction data Tx0 (S1, S2). At time 13 of 2021-12-11, federation user a provides transaction data Tx0 (S1, S2) and transaction data Tx1 (S1) to its corresponding federation chain node 10, and federation chain node 10 to which federation user a corresponds recognizes that Tx0 (S1, S2) is digitally signed by a plurality of federation users 40 and generates an empty block from Tx0 (S1, S2), which is added to federation chain 30 if validated by the federation network. When the federation link node 10 corresponding to the federation user a recognizes that the transaction data Tx1 (S1) is not digitally signed by the plurality of federation users 40, the transaction data Tx1 (S1) is discarded, and at this time, the transaction data Tx1 (S1) is not packed into a block. Within an hour, the entire federation chain network does not receive new transaction data submitted by federation users 40. During this hour, an empty block is generated every 1 second and added to the federation chain 30 until 6 empty blocks are added consecutively on federation chain 30, at which point each federation chain node 10 stops generating empty blocks and continues to add new empty blocks on federation chain 30. At 14 00 of 2021-12-11, another federation chain node 10 receives transaction data Tx2 (S1, S2) submitted by federation user 40B, and the other federation chain node 10 verifies that the transaction data Tx2 (S1, S2) submitted by federation user B is digitally signed by a plurality of federation users 40, and generates an empty block from Tx2 (S1, S2), which is added to federation chain 30 if validated by the federation network.
It is worth noting that even if any federation link node 10 packs data into blocks that are not signed by multiple federation users 40, a non-null block results. As the non-empty block is broadcast to the federation chain network, the federation chain network may continue to verify whether the transaction data recorded by the non-empty block is signed by a plurality of federation users 40. If the transaction data recorded by the non-empty block is not signed by the plurality of federation users 40, the federation chain network identifies the non-empty block as an invalid block, and the non-empty block still cannot be added to the federation chain 30. If the transaction data recorded by an empty block is signed by multiple federation users 40, then the empty block has the potential to join the federation chain 30.
It should be noted that the execution subjects of the steps of the methods provided in the above embodiments may be the same device, or different devices may be used as the execution subjects of the methods. For example, the execution subjects of step 201 to step 203 may be device a; for another example, the execution subject of steps 201 and 202 may be device a, and the execution subject of step 203 may be device B; and so on.
In addition, in some of the flows described in the above embodiments and the drawings, a plurality of operations are included in a specific order, but it should be clearly understood that the operations may be executed out of the order presented herein or in parallel, and the sequence numbers of the operations, such as 201, 202, etc., are merely used for distinguishing different operations, and the sequence numbers do not represent any execution order per se. Additionally, the flows may include more or fewer operations, and the operations may be performed sequentially or in parallel. It should be noted that, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in this document are used for distinguishing different messages, devices, modules, etc., and do not represent a sequential order, nor do they limit the types of "first" and "second".
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a federation chaining block device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, the apparatus includes: a processing module 51 and an acquisition module 52.
And the processing module 51 is configured to generate an empty block when the current block output period arrives if the first alliance link node does not receive the transaction data in the current block output period, and broadcast the empty block into the alliance link network, so that each alliance link point in the alliance link network verifies the validity of the empty block, and add the empty block into the alliance link when the empty block is valid.
An obtaining module 52, configured to obtain, as the first number, the number of empty blocks that consecutively appear after the last non-empty block in the federation chain, if an empty block is added to the federation chain.
The processing module 51 is further configured to prohibit generation of a new empty block when the next block output period arrives if the first number is equal to the preset number threshold and the transaction data is not received in the next block output period.
Further optionally, when the processing module 51 generates a null block when the current block output period arrives, the processing module is specifically configured to: judging whether the current time is in a preset transaction time period or not; if yes, generating a null block when the current block output period is reached.
Further optionally, when the processing module 51 generates a null block when the current block output period arrives, the processing module is specifically configured to: when the block output period is reached, the first alliance link node judges whether the current calculation force is larger than or equal to a preset calculation force value; if yes, generating an empty block.
Further optionally, when the processing module 51 generates a null block when the current block output period arrives, the processing module is specifically configured to: when the current block output period is reached, determining the alliance link points and the number thereof with the current computing force not less than the preset computing force value in the alliance link network as a second number; if the second number is larger than or equal to the designated number, selecting a designated number of alliance link nodes from the alliance link points with the current computing force larger than or equal to the preset computing force value, and sending a first notice to the designated number of alliance link nodes to notice the designated number of alliance link points to generate empty blocks.
Further optionally, the processing module 51 is further configured to: if the second quantity is smaller than the designated quantity, subtracting the second quantity from the designated quantity to obtain a third quantity, and selecting a third quantity of alliance chain nodes from the alliance chain nodes with the current calculation force smaller than the preset calculation force value; sending a second notification to the second number of federation chain nodes and the third number of federation chain nodes to notify the second number of federation chain nodes and the third number of federation chain nodes to generate the null block.
Further optionally, when the processing module 51 generates a null block when the current block output period arrives, the processing module is specifically configured to: receiving a first notification or a second notification sent by a second alliance chain node in the alliance chain network, and generating a null block according to the first notification or the second notification; the first notification is sent when the second alliance link node recognizes that the number of alliance link nodes of which the current computing power is not less than the preset computing power value in the alliance link network is greater than or equal to a specified number, and the second notification is sent when the second alliance link node recognizes that the number of alliance link nodes of which the current computing power is not less than the preset computing power value in the alliance link network is less than the specified number.
Further optionally, the processing module 51 is further configured to: if the first alliance link node receives first transaction data broadcast by other alliance link nodes in the alliance link network in the current block output period or receives second transaction data submitted by corresponding alliance users in the current block output period, judging whether the first transaction data or the second transaction data are subjected to signature processing of a plurality of alliance link users; if the first transaction data or the second transaction data is subjected to signature processing of a plurality of alliance chain users, generating a non-empty block according to the first transaction data or the second transaction data, and broadcasting the non-empty block to an alliance chain network, so that each alliance chain node in the alliance chain network verifies the validity of the non-empty block, and the non-empty block is added to the alliance chain when the non-empty block is valid.
Further optionally, the processing module 51 is further configured to: if the first alliance link node receives second transaction data submitted by the corresponding alliance user in the current block output period, determining that the node identification of the first alliance link node is in a preset white list, wherein the alliance link node corresponding to the node identification in the white list has a transaction data sending authority; and broadcasting the second transaction data to the alliance chain network so that each alliance chain node in the alliance chain network can judge whether the second transaction data is subjected to signature processing of a plurality of alliance chain users.
The specific implementation of the federation chaining block means shown in fig. 5 has been described in detail in the above embodiment of the federation chaining block method, and will not be described in detail here.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 6, the electronic device includes: a memory 61 and a processor 62.
The memory 61 may be implemented by any type or combination of volatile or non-volatile memory devices, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic or optical disks.
A processor 62, coupled to the memory 61, for executing computer programs in the memory 61 for: if the first alliance link node does not receive the transaction data in the current block outputting period, generating an empty block when the current block outputting period is reached, and broadcasting the empty block to the alliance link network so that each alliance link node in the alliance link network can verify the effectiveness of the empty block and add the empty block to the alliance link when the empty block is effective; under the condition that the empty block is added into the alliance chain, acquiring the number of the empty blocks continuously appearing behind the last non-empty block on the alliance chain as a first number; and if the first quantity is equal to the preset quantity threshold value and the transaction data is not received in the next block-out period, forbidding generation of a new empty block when the next block-out period is reached.
Further optionally, when the processor 62 generates an empty block when the current block output period arrives, the following steps are specifically performed: judging whether the current time is in a preset transaction time period or not; if yes, generating a null block when the current block output period is reached.
Further optionally, when the processor 62 generates an empty block when the current block output period arrives, the following steps are specifically performed: when the block output period is reached, the first alliance link node judges whether the current calculation force is larger than or equal to a preset calculation force value; if yes, generating an empty block.
Further optionally, when the processor 62 generates an empty block when the current block output period arrives, the following steps are specifically performed: when the current block output period is reached, determining the alliance link points with the current calculation force not less than the preset calculation force value and the number thereof in the alliance link network as a second number; if the second number is larger than or equal to the designated number, selecting the designated number of the alliance link nodes from the alliance link points with the current computing force larger than or equal to the preset computing force value, and sending a first notice to the designated number of the alliance link nodes to notice that the designated number of the alliance link points generate the empty blocks.
Further optionally, the processor 62 is further configured to: if the second quantity is smaller than the designated quantity, subtracting the second quantity from the designated quantity to obtain a third quantity, and selecting a third quantity of alliance chain nodes from the alliance chain nodes with the current computing force smaller than the preset computing force value; sending a second notification to the second number of federation chain nodes and the third number of federation chain nodes to notify the second number of federation chain nodes and the third number of federation chain nodes to generate the null block.
Further optionally, when the processor 62 generates an empty block when the current block output period arrives, the following steps are specifically performed: receiving a first notice or a second notice sent by a second alliance chain node in the alliance chain network, and generating a null block according to the first notice or the second notice; the first notification is sent when the second alliance link node recognizes that the number of alliance link nodes of which the current computing power is not less than the preset computing power value in the alliance link network is greater than or equal to a specified number, and the second notification is sent when the second alliance link node recognizes that the number of alliance link nodes of which the current computing power is not less than the preset computing power value in the alliance link network is less than the specified number.
Further optionally, the processor 62 is further configured to: if the first alliance link node receives first transaction data broadcast by other alliance link nodes in the alliance link network in the current block output period or receives second transaction data submitted by corresponding alliance users in the current block output period, judging whether the first transaction data or the second transaction data are subjected to signature processing of a plurality of alliance link users; if the first transaction data or the second transaction data is subjected to signature processing of a plurality of alliance chain users, generating a non-empty block according to the first transaction data or the second transaction data, and broadcasting the non-empty block to an alliance chain network, so that each alliance chain node in the alliance chain network verifies the validity of the non-empty block, and the non-empty block is added to the alliance chain when the non-empty block is valid.
Further optionally, the processor 62 is further configured to: if the first alliance link node receives second transaction data submitted by the corresponding alliance user in the current block output period, determining that the node identification of the first alliance link node is in a preset white list, wherein the alliance link node corresponding to the node identification in the white list has a transaction data sending authority; and broadcasting the second transaction data to the alliance chain network so that each alliance chain node in the alliance chain network can judge whether the second transaction data is subjected to signature processing of a plurality of alliance chain users.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, the electronic device further includes: communication components 63, display 64, power components 65, audio components 66, and the like. Only some of the components are schematically shown in fig. 6, and the electronic device is not meant to include only the components shown in fig. 6. In addition, the components within the dashed line frame in fig. 6 are optional components, not necessary components, and may be determined according to the product form of the electronic device. The electronic device of this embodiment may be implemented as a terminal device such as a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a smart phone, or an IOT device, or may be a server device such as a conventional server, a cloud server, or a server array. If the electronic device of this embodiment is implemented as a terminal device such as a desktop computer, a notebook computer, or a smart phone, the electronic device may include components within a dashed line frame in fig. 6; if the electronic device of this embodiment is implemented as a server device such as a conventional server, a cloud server, or a server array, the components in the dashed box in fig. 6 may not be included.
Accordingly, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, where the computer program is capable of implementing the steps that can be executed by the electronic device in the foregoing method embodiments when executed.
The communication component is configured to facilitate wired or wireless communication between the device in which the communication component is located and other devices. The device where the communication component is located can access a wireless network based on a communication standard, such as a WiFi, a 2G, 3G, 4G/LTE, 5G and other mobile communication networks, or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the communication component receives a broadcast signal or broadcast related information from an external broadcast management system via a broadcast channel. In one exemplary embodiment, the communication component further includes a Near Field Communication (NFC) module to facilitate short-range communications. For example, the NFC module may be implemented based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology, infrared data association (IrDA) technology, ultra Wideband (UWB) technology, bluetooth (BT) technology, and other technologies.
The display includes a screen, which may include a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and a Touch Panel (TP). If the screen includes a touch panel, the screen may be implemented as a touch screen to receive an input signal from a user. The touch panel includes one or more touch sensors to sense touch, slide, and gestures on the touch panel. The touch sensor may not only sense the boundary of a touch or slide action, but also detect the duration and pressure associated with the touch or slide operation.
The power supply assembly provides power for various components of the device in which the power supply assembly is located. The power components may include a power management system, one or more power supplies, and other components associated with generating, managing, and distributing power for the device in which the power component is located.
The audio component may be configured to output and/or input an audio signal. For example, the audio component includes a Microphone (MIC) configured to receive an external audio signal when the device in which the audio component is located is in an operational mode, such as a call mode, a recording mode, and a voice recognition mode. The received audio signal may further be stored in a memory or transmitted via a communication component. In some embodiments, the audio assembly further comprises a speaker for outputting audio signals.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and so forth) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer-readable media, including both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, may implement the information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static Random Access Memory (SRAM), dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), read Only Memory (ROM), electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), digital Versatile Disks (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium, which can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a … …" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art to which the present application pertains. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (11)
1. A federation chaining out-of-block method applied to a first federation link node in a federation link network, the method comprising:
if the first alliance link node does not receive transaction data in the current block outputting period, generating an empty block when the current block outputting period arrives, and broadcasting the empty block to the alliance link network, so that each alliance link node in the alliance link network can verify the effectiveness of the empty block and add the empty block into an alliance link when the empty block is effective;
acquiring the number of empty blocks which continuously appear after the last non-empty block on the alliance chain as a first number under the condition that the empty blocks are added into the alliance chain;
if the first quantity is equal to a preset quantity threshold value and transaction data are not received in the next block outlet period, forbidding generation of a new empty area block when the next block outlet period is reached, wherein the preset quantity threshold value is set based on consideration of safety of a alliance chain and limitation of high-frequency generation of the empty area block;
and if the first quantity is less than or equal to the preset quantity threshold value and the transaction data is not received in the next block outlet period, continuing to generate a new empty block when the next block outlet period is reached.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein generating an empty block upon arrival of a current out-of-block period comprises:
judging whether the current time is in a preset transaction time period or not;
if yes, generating a null block when the current block output period is reached.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein generating an empty block upon arrival of a current out-of-block period comprises:
when the block output period is reached, the first alliance link node judges whether the current calculation force per se is larger than or equal to a preset calculation force value;
if yes, generating an empty block.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein generating an empty block upon arrival of a current out-of-block period comprises:
when the current block output period is reached, determining the alliance link points and the number thereof with the current computing force not less than the preset computing force value in the alliance link network as a second number;
if the second number is larger than or equal to a specified number, selecting the specified number of alliance link nodes from the alliance link points with the current computing power larger than or equal to the preset computing power value, and sending a first notice to the specified number of alliance link nodes to notice the specified number of alliance link points to generate empty blocks.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
if the second quantity is smaller than the specified quantity, subtracting the second quantity from the specified quantity to obtain a third quantity, and selecting the third quantity of alliance link nodes from the alliance link points with the current computing force smaller than the preset computing force value;
sending a second notification to the second number of federation chain nodes and the third number of federation chain nodes to notify the second number of federation chain nodes and the third number of federation chain nodes to generate an empty block.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein generating an empty block upon arrival of a current out-of-block period comprises:
receiving a first notification or a second notification sent by a second alliance chain node in the alliance chain network, and generating a null block according to the first notification or the second notification;
the first notification is sent by the second alliance link node when the number of alliance link nodes, of which the current computing power is not less than the preset computing power value, in the alliance link network is greater than or equal to a specified number, and the second notification is sent by the second alliance link node when the number of alliance link nodes, of which the current computing power is not less than the preset computing power value, in the alliance link network is less than the specified number.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
if the first alliance link node receives first transaction data broadcast by other alliance link nodes in the alliance link network in the current block output period or receives second transaction data submitted by corresponding alliance users in the current block output period, judging whether the first transaction data or the second transaction data are subjected to signature processing of a plurality of alliance link users;
if the first transaction data or the second transaction data is subjected to signature processing of a plurality of alliance chain users, generating a non-empty area block according to the first transaction data or the second transaction data, and broadcasting the non-empty area block to the alliance chain network, so that each alliance link point in the alliance chain network can verify the effectiveness of the non-empty area block, and the non-empty area block is added to the alliance chain when the non-empty area block is effective.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising:
if the first alliance link node receives second transaction data submitted by the corresponding alliance user in the current block output period, determining that the node identification of the first alliance link node is in a preset white list, wherein the alliance link node corresponding to the node identification in the white list has a transaction data sending authority;
and broadcasting the second transaction data to the alliance chain network so that each alliance chain node in the alliance chain network can judge whether the second transaction data is subjected to signature processing of a plurality of alliance chain users.
9. A federation chaining block apparatus, comprising:
the processing module is used for generating an empty block when the current block output period arrives if the first alliance link node does not receive the transaction data in the current block output period, and broadcasting the empty block to the alliance link network so that each alliance link node in the alliance link network can verify the effectiveness of the empty block and add the empty block to an alliance link when the empty block is effective;
an obtaining module, configured to obtain, as a first number, a number of empty blocks that continuously appear after a last non-empty block in the federation chain, when the empty block is added to the federation chain;
the processing module is further configured to prohibit generation of a new empty block when a next block output period arrives if the first number is equal to a preset number threshold and no transaction data is received in the next block output period, where the preset number threshold is set based on consideration of security of the alliance chain and limitation of high-frequency generation of the empty block; and if the first quantity is less than or equal to the preset quantity threshold value and the transaction data is not received in the next block outlet period, continuing to generate a new empty block when the next block outlet period is reached.
10. An electronic device, comprising: a memory and a processor;
the memory for storing a computer program;
the processor is coupled to the memory for executing the computer program for performing the steps of the method of any of claims 1-8.
11. A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, causes the processor to carry out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| PCT/CN2022/098136 WO2023109040A1 (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2022-06-10 | Alliance chain block generation method and apparatus, electronic device, and medium |
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