CN114382625B - Ejector nozzle capable of achieving flexible ejection - Google Patents
Ejector nozzle capable of achieving flexible ejection Download PDFInfo
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- CN114382625B CN114382625B CN202111507869.1A CN202111507869A CN114382625B CN 114382625 B CN114382625 B CN 114382625B CN 202111507869 A CN202111507869 A CN 202111507869A CN 114382625 B CN114382625 B CN 114382625B
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- injector
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M43/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operating simultaneously on two or more fuels, or on a liquid fuel and another liquid, e.g. the other liquid being an anti-knock additive
- F02M43/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an ejector nozzle capable of realizing flexible injection, which comprises a nozzle body and an orifice plate which are arranged up and down and are in sealing connection; n vertical mounting holes are formed in the nozzle body, and a needle valve body is inserted into each of the n vertical mounting holes; the bottoms of the n needle valve bodies are respectively provided with an ejector spray hole; n injector vertical oil passages are arranged on the nozzle body; the spray hole plate is provided with n injector transverse oil passages, a spray hole connecting cavity and m spray holes; one end of each of the n transverse oil ducts of the ejector is connected with the jet hole connecting cavity at the same time, and the n transverse oil ducts are radially arranged by taking the jet hole connecting cavity as the center; the other ends of the n horizontal oil passages of the ejector are respectively connected with the lower ends of the n vertical oil passages of the ejector; the upper ends of the n injector vertical oil channels are respectively connected with the lower ends of the n injector spray holes; one end of each of the m spray holes is connected with the spray hole connecting cavity, and the other end of each of the m spray holes is located on the side face of the corresponding spray hole plate. The nozzle disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, and effectively solves the problem that the prior art cannot realize homologous injection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel injection of engines, and relates to an injector nozzle capable of realizing flexible injection.
Background
With the promotion of energy conservation and emission reduction regulations, the in-cylinder combustion technology of the engine is further improved, and various high-efficiency new combustion technologies gradually appear, wherein a flexible fuel engine is regarded as the most promising technology due to the adoption of the fuel with mature market, and the flexible fuel engine relates to an injection system of various fuels. The fuel may be port injection or direct injection, and port injection and in-cylinder injection may be combined for two or more types of fuel injection.
The flexible fuel engine can be realized by replacing different fuels with the same engine body, can also be realized by mixing different fuel proportions in a common oil tank, and can also be used on the engine by injecting various fuels through different fuel injection systems. The mode of using different fuels simultaneously on the same engine is mainly due to the combination of the physicochemical properties of the different fuels, such as diesel/natural gas or diesel of a diesel/methanol engine as a liquid spark plug to ignite natural gas or methanol. Current injection typically injects methanol or natural gas in the intake port and injects it directly in the diesel cylinder, which is the best option due to responsiveness issues related to fuel escape during intake and exhaust valve overlap and the distance between the intake port and the cylinder. However, most of the space is occupied by the valve mechanism on the cylinder cover, the space of the direct injection injector arranged on the cylinder cover is limited, and even if a miniaturized injector is adopted, the problems of uneven spraying and poor utilization rate of the space of a combustion chamber are caused by different fuel injection sources caused by the positions and angles of spray holes, so that the integration of two or more functions of direct injection becomes an optimal choice.
Therefore, how to develop an in-cylinder direct injection injector with simple structure and fuel homogeneous injection becomes a new challenge, and as a key link of the injector, a new technology needs to be researched to solve the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides an ejector nozzle which is simple in structure and low in price and can realize flexible ejection.
The invention installs two or three injectors which are commercialized on the same nozzle, realizes the combination of injection by the opening and closing of the injectors, can realize different fuel injection combinations by the combination of various injectors, can meet the new requirements of high-efficiency clean combustion on a fuel injection system by different injection time sequences, and particularly realizes the purpose by designing a combined nozzle.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an injector nozzle capable of realizing flexible injection comprises a nozzle body and a spray hole plate which are arranged up and down and are in sealed connection, wherein the spray hole plate is positioned below the nozzle body;
n vertical mounting holes are formed in the nozzle body, n is more than or equal to 2, a needle valve body is inserted into each of the n vertical mounting holes, and the vertical mounting holes are connected with the needle valve body in a sealing manner;
the bottoms of the n needle valve bodies are respectively provided with an ejector spray hole which is positioned below the sealing conical surface and communicated with the inner space of the needle valve body; n vertical oil passages of the ejector are arranged on the nozzle body; the spray orifice plate is provided with n transverse oil ducts of the sprayer, a spray orifice connecting cavity and m spray orifices, wherein m is more than or equal to 2;
one end of each of the n transverse oil passages of the ejector is connected with the jet hole connecting cavity at the same time and is radially arranged by taking the jet hole connecting cavity as the center; the other ends of the n horizontal oil passages of the ejector are respectively connected with the lower ends of the n vertical oil passages of the ejector; the upper ends of the n injector vertical oil passages are respectively connected with the lower ends of the n injector spray holes (namely the injector spray holes at the bottoms of the n needle valve bodies);
one end of each of the m spray holes is connected with the spray hole connecting cavity, and the other end of each of the m spray holes is located on the side face of the corresponding spray hole plate.
As a preferred technical scheme:
the injector nozzle capable of realizing flexible injection is characterized in that the n injector spray holes are vertical spray holes and are respectively positioned at the bottommost parts of the n needle valve bodies.
The injector nozzle capable of realizing flexible injection has the advantages that the n vertical mounting holes are the same in shape and size; the shape and the size of the n needle valve bodies are the same; the n injector orifices are the same shape and size.
The injector nozzle capable of achieving flexible injection has the advantages that the n injector vertical oil passages are identical in shape and size.
The injector nozzle capable of achieving flexible injection has the advantages that the n injector transverse oil passages are identical in shape and size.
The injector nozzle capable of realizing flexible injection has the advantages that the shapes and the sizes of the m spray holes are the same.
According to the ejector nozzle capable of realizing flexible injection, the m spray holes are uniformly distributed, and the value range of m is 2-12 according to the experience of the existing product development.
The injector nozzle capable of achieving flexible injection is characterized in that the nozzle body and the orifice plate are welded to be connected to ensure sealing.
The injector nozzle capable of realizing flexible injection comprises a nozzle body and a nozzle body, wherein the nozzle body is composed of a coaxial cylinder I and a coaxial cylinder II, the cylinder I is positioned above the cylinder II, the diameter of the cylinder I is larger than that of the cylinder II, and the height of the cylinder I is smaller than that of the cylinder II; the spray hole plate is composed of a coaxial cylinder III and a circular table, the cylinder III is positioned above the circular table, the large end of the circular table is arranged above the circular table, the small end of the circular table is arranged below the large end of the circular table, the diameter of the cylinder III is larger than that of the large end of the circular table, and the height of the cylinder III is smaller than that of the circular table; the cylinder II and the cylinder III are coaxial and have the same diameter; the structure transfers the function of the spray hole of the original sprayer to the spray hole plate, the original sprayer only carries out the functions of metering and switching on and off the spray, the spraying characteristic of the spray nozzle of the invention is only determined by the spray hole on the spray hole plate, the spray hole plate is separated from the nozzle body, the spray hole on the spray hole plate is a through hole, the spray hole can be processed and extruded and ground in a two-way manner, the processing is easy, and the processing quality and the flow coefficient can be ensured.
The injector nozzle capable of realizing flexible injection is combined with a plurality of injectors and then installed on a cylinder cover of an engine when in use, the electromagnetic valve of the electronic control injector determines the opening and closing of the injector, fuel is conveyed to a spray hole of a spinneret plate through an oil duct and is sprayed out after the injector is opened, and fuel is cut off after the injector is closed, and the injection is stopped.
The injector nozzle capable of realizing flexible injection can be provided with a plurality of injectors, and can adopt the same fuel, such as diesel oil for both injectors by taking two electric control injectors as examples; different kinds of oil can be used, such as diesel oil, gasoline, diesel oil and methanol, one of the injectors can be a gas injector such as natural gas or air according to the requirements of a combustion system, the combination of the diesel oil and the natural gas can realize high-efficiency combustion of the natural gas, and the air injection can realize air-assisted injection to enhance the atomization of the fuel. The injection timing sequence of the injector nozzle capable of realizing flexible injection is independently controlled by the engine control unit, and the successively injected fuels can be sprayed out through the spray holes at the head part of the injector nozzle without mutual influence. If air-assisted injection is used, the air injected subsequently can empty the residual fuel in the injection hole. If one of the injectors is used to spray water, the in-cylinder temperature can be significantly reduced, thereby reducing the NOx emissions of the engine. If three injectors are arranged on the nozzle, the diesel oil/natural gas/water injection function can be realized, the detonation tendency of the engine can be effectively reduced, the natural gas substitution proportion is expanded, and the power of the engine is improved.
The injection timing is described by taking two fuel injections of diesel and methanol as an example, and due to the requirement of a combustion system, high-reactivity diesel needs to be adopted to ignite the methanol, so that the diesel is directly injected into a cylinder in the early stage of a compression process, and the methanol is injected into the cylinder at a certain time after the diesel is injected and before the compression top dead center. The injector nozzle of the present invention can easily achieve such a function. In addition, if the injector adopts an electronic control common rail system, the injection timing and the injection frequency of each injector can be flexibly adjusted, and the injection frequency can be flexibly adjusted according to the requirement of the in-cylinder combustion mode, fig. 4 shows different injection time sequences of the injection rates of three times of diesel injection and one time of methanol injection, the number of the diesel injection frequencies and the oil quantity of each injection are realized by driving an electromagnetic valve of the diesel injector by an engine electronic control unit according to the requirement of the combustion system, and the timing and the oil quantity of the methanol can also be realized by driving the electromagnetic valve of the methanol injector according to the proportion of the engine combustion technology to the fuel.
In addition, the pressure of the two injections may be different, and the injection processes may not interfere with each other. The needle valve and the needle valve body are in close contact under the action of liquid pressure and spring force in a non-injection state, the diameter of a vertical oil passage of the head of each electronic control injector is very small, and the needle valve of the injector with lower pressure cannot be opened reversely by acting force generated by pressure difference in the small area, so that the situation that high-pressure fuel can enter a low-pressure injector when two injectors inject at the same time can not be generated. Taking the example of a diesel-methanol two-fuel injection nozzle, the pressure of the diesel injection may be between 400 and 2000bar, whereas the methanol may assume a relatively low injection pressure, for example between 200 and 800bar. The duration of the two fuel injections can be different, and the corresponding injection durations can be calculated according to the engine power, the requirement of the combustion system on the injection quantity and the respective injection pressure.
The injector nozzle capable of realizing flexible injection concentrates various injectors on a common nozzle to be injected, realizes in-cylinder injection of various fuels, and ensures symmetrical and uniform mixing of the fuels in the cylinders.
Has the advantages that:
the injector nozzle capable of realizing flexible injection has a simple structure, integrates the fuel of a plurality of injectors to be sprayed out from the same spray hole, and effectively solves the problem that in the prior art, direct injection spaces of the plurality of injectors are difficult to arrange and the injection spaces of the plurality of injectors cannot be uniformly mixed.
Drawings
FIGS. 1-2 are schematic structural views of an injector nozzle capable of achieving flexible injection according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of an orifice plate of an injector nozzle of the present invention that provides flexible injection;
FIG. 4 is a graph of injection rate versus crank angle for three diesel injections and one methanol injection for the nozzles of FIGS. 1-3;
the fuel injector comprises a first injector, a second injector, a nozzle body, a 4-orifice plate, a first injector needle valve body, a first injector orifice 103, a first injector vertical oil channel 104, a second injector needle valve 201, a second injector needle valve 202, a second injector needle valve body 203, a second injector orifice 204, a second injector vertical oil channel 34, a junction 401, an orifice connecting cavity 402, an orifice 411, a first injector transverse oil channel and a second injector transverse oil channel 421.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
An injector nozzle capable of realizing flexible injection, as shown in fig. 1-3, comprises a nozzle body 3 and a spray orifice plate 4 which are arranged up and down and are hermetically welded, wherein the spray orifice plate 4 is positioned below the nozzle body 3, and the spray orifice plate are welded together at a joint 34;
the nozzle body 3 is composed of a coaxial cylinder I and a coaxial cylinder II, the cylinder I is positioned above the cylinder II, the diameter of the cylinder I is larger than that of the cylinder II, and the height of the cylinder I is smaller than that of the cylinder II; the jet orifice plate 4 consists of a coaxial cylinder III and a circular truncated cone, the cylinder III is positioned above the circular truncated cone, the large end of the circular truncated cone is positioned above the upper small end of the circular truncated cone, the diameter of the cylinder III is larger than that of the large end of the circular truncated cone, and the height of the cylinder III is smaller than that of the circular truncated cone; the cylinder II and the cylinder III are coaxial and have the same diameter;
2 vertical mounting holes with the same shape and size are formed in the nozzle body 3, a needle valve body is inserted into each of the 2 vertical mounting holes, the 2 needle valve bodies are the same in shape and size and are respectively marked as a first injector needle valve body 102 and a second injector needle valve body 202, and the vertical mounting holes are connected with the needle valve bodies in a sealing mode; the bottommost part of each of the 2 needle valve bodies is provided with an ejector spray hole which is positioned below the sealing conical surface and communicated with the inner space of the needle valve body, the ejector spray holes are vertical spray holes, and the 2 ejector spray holes are identical in shape and size and are respectively marked as a first ejector spray hole 103 and a second ejector spray hole 203; 2 injector vertical oil passages with the same shape and size are arranged on the nozzle body 3 and are respectively marked as a first injector vertical oil passage 104 and a second injector vertical oil passage 204;
the injection hole plate 4 is provided with 2 injector transverse oil passages, an injection hole connecting cavity 401 and 4 injection holes 402; the 2 injector lateral oil passages have the same shape and size and are respectively marked as a first injector lateral oil passage 411 and a second injector lateral oil passage 421; one end of each of the 2 injector transverse oil passages is connected with the jet hole connecting cavity 401 at the same time, and is radially arranged by taking the jet hole connecting cavity 401 as the center; the other ends of the 2 horizontal oil passages of the ejectors are respectively connected with the lower ends of the 2 vertical oil passages of the ejectors; the upper ends of the 2 injector vertical oil channels are respectively connected with the lower ends of the 2 injector spray holes; the 4 jet holes 402 are the same in shape and size and are uniformly distributed on the jet hole plate 4, one end of each of the 4 jet holes 402 is connected with the jet hole connecting cavity 401, and the other end of each of the 4 jet holes is located on the side surface of the jet hole plate 4.
The specific using process comprises the following steps:
a first injector needle valve 101 is mounted in the first injector needle valve body 102; the first injector needle valve 101 is a needle valve of the first injector 1; when the first injector 1 works, the first injector needle 101 lifts away from the sealing conical surface of the first injector needle valve body 102, fuel is sprayed out from a first injector spray hole 103 on the first injector 1 and then enters the first injector vertical oil passage 104 on the nozzle body 3, a first transverse oil passage 411 on the spray hole plate is connected with the first injector vertical oil passage 104 and a spray hole connecting cavity 401, and the fuel is sprayed out along spray holes 402 uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the spray hole plate 4 after reaching the spray hole connecting cavity 401.
A second injector needle valve 201 is arranged in the second injector needle valve 201; the second injector needle 201 is a needle of the second injector 2; when the second injector 2 works, the second injector needle 201 rises away from the sealing conical surface of the first injector needle valve body 202, fuel is sprayed out from a second injector spray hole 203 on the second injector 2 and then enters a second injector vertical oil channel 204 on the nozzle body 3, a second transverse oil channel 421 on the spray hole plate is connected with the second injector vertical oil channel 204 and the spray hole connecting cavity 401, and the fuel is sprayed out along spray holes 402 uniformly distributed on the periphery of the spray hole plate after reaching the spray hole connecting cavity 401.
When the two injectors are operated simultaneously, the fuel is mixed at the nozzle hole connecting chamber 401 and then is ejected from the nozzle hole 402.
When the two injectors work successively, fuel can pass through the spray hole connecting cavity 401 respectively and then is sprayed out from the spray hole 402 successively; the injection time sequence is independently controlled by the engine control unit, and the successively injected fuels can be sprayed out through the spray holes 402 of the nozzle head without mutual influence. If air-assisted injection is used, the air injected subsequently can empty the fuel remaining in the nozzle hole. If one of the injectors is used to spray water, the in-cylinder temperature can be significantly reduced, thereby reducing the NOx emissions of the engine.
The nozzle of the invention is not limited to be provided with two ejectors, and can be provided with three, four or more ejectors.
The injector can inject liquid and gas such as air, and the medium can be fuel, combustion improver or cooling medium. If three injectors are arranged on the nozzle, the diesel/natural gas/water injection function can be realized, the knocking tendency of the engine can be effectively reduced, the natural gas substitution ratio is expanded, and the BMEP of the engine is improved.
The injector nozzle capable of realizing flexible injection has a simple structure, integrates the fuel of a plurality of injectors to be sprayed out from the same spray hole, and effectively solves the problem that the direct injection spaces of the plurality of injectors are difficult to arrange and the injection spaces of the plurality of injectors cannot be uniformly mixed in the prior art.
Claims (7)
1. The injector nozzle capable of realizing flexible injection is characterized by comprising a nozzle body (3) and an injection hole plate (4) which are arranged up and down and are in sealing connection, wherein the injection hole plate (4) is positioned below the nozzle body (3);
n vertical mounting holes are formed in the nozzle body (3), n is more than or equal to 2, a needle valve body is inserted into each of the n vertical mounting holes, and the vertical mounting holes are hermetically connected with the needle valve body;
the bottoms of the n needle valve bodies are respectively provided with an ejector spray hole which is positioned below the sealing conical surface and communicated with the inner space of the needle valve body; the n injector spray holes are vertical spray holes and are respectively positioned at the bottommost parts of the n needle valve bodies;
n injector vertical oil passages are arranged on the nozzle body (3); the jet orifice plate (4) is provided with n jet injector transverse oil passages, a jet orifice connecting cavity (401) and m jet orifices, wherein m is more than or equal to 2;
one end of each of the n injector transverse oil passages is connected with the spray hole connecting cavity (401) at the same time and is radially arranged by taking the spray hole connecting cavity (401) as the center; the other ends of the n horizontal oil passages of the ejector are respectively connected with the lower ends of the n vertical oil passages of the ejector; the upper ends of the n injector vertical oil channels are respectively connected with the lower ends of the n injector spray holes;
one end of each of the m spray holes is simultaneously connected with the spray hole connecting cavity (401), and the other end of each of the m spray holes is positioned on the side surface of the spray hole plate (4).
2. The flexible injection capable injector nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the n vertical mounting holes have the same shape and size; the n needle valve bodies have the same shape and size; the n injector orifices are the same shape and size.
3. The injector nozzle capable of achieving flexible injection according to claim 2, wherein the n injector vertical oil passages are identical in shape and size.
4. The injector nozzle according to claim 3, wherein the n injector cross oil passages are identical in shape and size.
5. The injector nozzle capable of achieving flexible injection according to claim 1, wherein the shapes and sizes of the m injection holes are the same.
6. The injector nozzle capable of achieving flexible injection according to claim 5, wherein m injection holes are uniformly distributed, and the value of m ranges from 2 to 12.
7. An injector nozzle enabling flexible injection according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle body (3) and the orifice plate (4) are welded together.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111507869.1A CN114382625B (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2021-12-10 | Ejector nozzle capable of achieving flexible ejection |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111507869.1A CN114382625B (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2021-12-10 | Ejector nozzle capable of achieving flexible ejection |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114382625A CN114382625A (en) | 2022-04-22 |
| CN114382625B true CN114382625B (en) | 2022-12-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202111507869.1A Active CN114382625B (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2021-12-10 | Ejector nozzle capable of achieving flexible ejection |
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Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1209212A (en) * | 1958-06-27 | 1960-02-29 | Improvements made to pressurized liquid injectors, particularly fuel injectors | |
| DE3243176A1 (en) * | 1982-11-23 | 1984-05-24 | Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., 5000 Köln | INJECTION DEVICE FOR ALCOHOL FUELS, ESPECIALLY FOR DIRECT INJECTING DIESEL ENGINES |
| US9200560B2 (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2015-12-01 | Caterpillar Inc. | Gaseous common rail fuel system and high compression ratio engine using same |
| CN103277223B (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2015-07-08 | 江苏大学 | Piston valve type double fuel ejector driven by improved cam shaft |
| CN105626317B (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-12-01 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | The double electromagnetism fuel gas ejecting devices of combined type |
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2021
- 2021-12-10 CN CN202111507869.1A patent/CN114382625B/en active Active
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| CN114382625A (en) | 2022-04-22 |
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