CN114376130A - 一种植物饮料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种植物饮料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114376130A CN114376130A CN202011136448.8A CN202011136448A CN114376130A CN 114376130 A CN114376130 A CN 114376130A CN 202011136448 A CN202011136448 A CN 202011136448A CN 114376130 A CN114376130 A CN 114376130A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种植物饮料及其制备方法，所述植物饮料由以下重量份的原料制备而成：淫羊藿3份，肉苁蓉3份，山茱萸2份，枸杞子2份，黄精1份，西洋参1份，红景天1份，石斛1份，甜叶菊0.5份。本发明基于传统中医药理论和现代提取物技术，精心选取我国药食同源目录的品种，充分发挥传统中医药理论精髓的作用，有效利用现代提取物分离纯化的技术，紧密协同科学鉴定组分含量的手段，以具有增强免疫力的多种天然功能活性成分为主要原料、水为重要辅料，通过新材料、新技术、新设备的联用，制作出功能配方明晰、增益健康、口感甜美的植物饮料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品饮料领域，具体为一种植物饮料及其制备方法。
背景技术
三十年余年来，随着“绿色、天然”的世界健康潮流兴起，国际食品行业对植物活性成分的应用和需求不断扩大；同时，我国的植物(中药)提取物虽然大量外销，但在食品饮料领域的应用发展较慢、配方技术相对落后，没能产生更高的工业附加值。究其原因，一方面是作为祖国瑰宝的中医药，虽历史悠久、自成理论体系，但存在相当的模糊性，大多是根据医者经验、患者差异、循证组方，没有明确的功能作用靶点、通用的成分界定标准，与国外临床医学、营养健康学等缺乏有效的“沟通桥梁”；另一方面，当前国内市场上的植物饮料产品，不管是固体饮料(冲剂)还是液体饮料，要么只在某个局部技术或功能成分上有所强调，并无整体协同力和***方法论，要么就是炒作概念以突出饮料的广告效应、风味属性，很难产生实效作用或发挥实质功能。当前，我国植物饮料配方的问题集中表现为：组方配伍不明、原料溯源不清、提取方式不利、有效成分不足、工艺用水不严、产品质量不高。因而，在植物饮品制作技术上亟待创新和改善。
发明内容
针对上述存在的技术不足，本发明的目的是提供一种植物饮料及其制备方法，其精心选取我国药食同源目录的品种，充分发挥传统中医药理论精髓的作用，有效利用现代提取物分离纯化的技术，紧密协同科学鉴定组分含量的手段，以具有增强免疫力的多种天然功能活性成分为主要原料、水为重要辅料，通过新材料、新技术、新设备的联用，制作出功能配方明晰、增益健康、口感甜美的植物饮料。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：
本发明提供一种植物饮料，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：淫羊藿3份，肉苁蓉3份，山茱萸2份，枸杞子2份，黄精1份，西洋参1份，红景天1份，石斛1份，甜叶菊0.5份。
本发明还提供上述植物饮料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
1)选取各原料的定向富集部位：铁皮石斛嫩茎、红景天块根、淫羊藿叶、肉苁蓉肉质茎、山茱萸果肉、西洋参根、黄精根茎、枸杞子实、甜叶菊叶为组方中各原料的定向富集部位，按重量份称取选取的各原料；
2)用分子生物学聚合酶链反应合成DNA方法鉴定西洋参基因、以中药材指纹图谱技术高效液相色谱法、气相色谱-质谱联用仪联用定性、定量进行其他原料的溯源；
3)用现代天然产物分离手段，对各原料分别进行切片或粉碎，使用连续逆流设备、工业色谱柱技术高效提取、浓缩，得到各原料功能有效活性成分；
4)以规定溶剂提取目标活性成分，获得各原料功能有效活性成分的干燥粉末；同时，按高效液相色谱法检测各原料功能活性成分及含量；
5)将步骤4中得到的各原料功能有效活性成分粉末分别过100目筛至混合前状态；
6)将步骤5中得到的各原料功能活性成分按照比例：2:2:6:6:4:2:2:4:1复配混合，然后按照1:15～20的比例和水进行调配混合；和水混合过程中使用连续流微通道反应器，控制温度，保持潜热状态；
7)制作成品。
优选地，步骤3中得到的各原料功能有效活性成分为：石斛多糖、红景天苷、淫羊藿双苷、毛蕊花糖苷-松果菊苷、山茱萸比例提取物、西洋参皂苷、黄精比例提取物、枸杞多糖、甜菊糖苷；
优选地，所述各原料功能有效活性成分及含量分别为：石斛多糖40％；红景天苷3％；淫羊藿双苷20％；毛蕊花糖苷2％,松果菊苷8％；山茱萸比例提取物10:1；西洋参皂苷80％；黄精比例提取物20:1；枸杞多糖40％；甜菊糖苷98％；
优选地，步骤5中功能活性成分总量与水的混合过程中使用的连续流微通道反应器为采用不锈钢或玻璃材质、尺寸500～1000um的管式微通道集成模组，即通过微固定床、微混合器、微换热器、微分离器、微控制器、压力阀，连接微型泵；
优选地，功能活性成分总量与水的混合过程具体为：先使得功能活性成分填充于固定床，再使工艺软水以连续逆流方式循环混合3h，混合过程中温度20～50℃、压力≤18bar、流速200-250ml/M，当出现“气-液-固”浆状时加氢催化；静置2h后，分离沉淀、过滤杂质、收集溶水；
优选地，步骤7中根据成品形式选择工艺，制作固体饮料时，按冲剂需要备好辅材，再次混合、过滤，制粒、干燥，干/湿法混合时间为10±5分钟、干燥温度为70～80℃；制作液体饮料时，按口感需要调好倍量，进行过滤、杀菌、灌装。
本发明的有益效果在于：以药食同源植物配伍组方，用活性成分定性定量，通过长期饮用方式，可提升人体免疫机能、达到固本培元效果；暨对肾、脾、胃等先天及后天之本进行保养和调理，对生化血液、津液、骨髓以及推动组织器官活动的元气进行培养和增益，同时兼顾增强五脏六腑之生理机能从而达到增强人体免疫防御、修复再生的效果。
以下结合相关药食同源植物的中医实践对本发明有益效果做进一步说明：
淫羊藿：【性味归经】味辛、甘，性温。归肝、肾经。【功用主治】补肾阳，强筋骨，祛风湿。用于阳痿遗精，筋骨痿软，风湿痹痛，麻木拘挛；更年期高血压。
肉苁蓉:【性味归经】味甘、咸，性温。归肾、大肠经。【功用主治】补肾阳，益精血，润肠通便。用于阳痿，***，腰膝酸软，筋骨无力，肠燥便秘。
山茱萸:【性味归经】味酸、涩，性微温。归肝、肾经。【功用主治】补益肝肾，涩精固脱。用于眩晕耳鸣，腰膝酸痛，阳痿遗精，遗尿尿频，崩漏带下，大汗虚脱。内热消渴。
枸杞子:【性味归经】味甘，性平。归肝、肾经。【功用主治】滋补肝肾，益精明目。用于虚劳精亏，腰膝酸痛，眩晕耳鸣，内热消渴，血虚萎黄，目昏不明。
黄精:【性味归经】味甘，性平。归脾、肺、肾经。【功用主治】补气养阴，健脾，润肺，益肾。用于脾胃虚弱，体倦乏力，口干食少，肺虚燥咳，精血不足，内热消渴。
西洋参:【性味归经】味甘、微苦，性凉。归心、肺、肾经。【功用主治】补气养阴，清热生津。用于气虚阴亏，内热，咳喘痰血，虚热烦倦，消渴，口燥咽干。
红景天:【性味归经】味甘、涩，性寒。肺经。【功用主治】有补气清肺、益智养心、收涩止血、散瘀消肿的功效。主治气虚体弱、病后畏寒、气短乏力、肺热咳嗽、咯血、白带腹泻、跌打损伤等。
石斛:【性味归经】味甘，性微寒。归胃、肾经。【功用主治】益胃生津，滋阴清热。用于阴伤津亏，口干烦渴，食少干呕，病后虚热，目暗不明。
甜叶菊:【性味】味甘，性平。【功用主治】生津止渴；降血压。主消渴；高血压病。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种植物饮料，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：淫羊藿3份，肉苁蓉3份，山茱萸2份，枸杞子2份，黄精1份，西洋参1份，红景天1份，石斛1份，甜叶菊0.5份。
本发明各原料皆采用GAP种植的地道中药材，或高海拔地区采收的野生、珍贵植物科属；而且都属于药食同源类植物，并符合近年来国家卫健委公布的目录品种范围以及国家市场监督管理总局发布的相关文件要求。
据传统中医药理论和实践，在组方的君臣佐使上，以淫羊藿、肉苁蓉为君，入肾、肝、大肠经，补肾壮阳养肝，益精血，通二便，增强人体免疫力；以山茱萸和枸杞子共为臣药，入肾、肝、肺、大肠经(山茱萸酸微质润，性温不燥，补益肝肾，升精助阳，为平补阴阳之要药，而枸杞子长于滋阴补肾)，二者配伍淫羊藿、肉苁蓉可增强补肝肾壮阳效果，促进免疫调节(比如：提高血睾酮水平、造血功能促进、增白细胞、抗衰老、抗突变、抗肿瘤、降血脂、降血糖、降血压以及保护肝脏作用)；以黄精、西洋参、红景天、铁皮石斛共为佐药，入心、肺、脾、胃、肾经(其中：黄精治肾亏诸症，配枸杞子等补肝肾药同用，加强补肾填精之力，西洋参补气养阴、清热生津，石斛滋阴清热、润肺养胃、强筋健骨，红景天补气清肺、益智养心)，佐助君药补阳滋阴，达到阴阳平衡；以甜叶菊为佐使，入肺、胃经，发挥生津止渴、降糖代糖、改善口感之效。
实施例2
一种植物饮料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
1)选取各原料的定向富集部位：铁皮石斛嫩茎、红景天块根、淫羊藿叶、肉苁蓉肉质茎、山茱萸果肉、西洋参根、黄精根茎、枸杞子实、甜叶菊叶为组方中各原料的定向富集部位，按重量份称取选取的各原料；
2)用分子生物学聚合酶链反应合成DNA方法鉴定西洋参基因、以中药材指纹图谱技术高效液相色谱法、气相色谱-质谱联用仪联用定性、定量进行其他原料的溯源；为保障真实性、可靠性、稳定性，通常聚类分析不同批次的中药材样品，或经计算机快速辨识样品在各批次之间的相似度予以确定；
3)用现代天然产物分离手段，对各原料分别进行切片或粉碎，使用连续逆流设备、工业色谱柱技术高效提取、浓缩；精制、纯化后的各原料功能有效活性成分为：石斛多糖、红景天苷、淫羊藿双苷、毛蕊花糖苷-松果菊苷、山茱萸比例提取物、西洋参皂苷、黄精比例提取物、枸杞多糖、甜菊糖苷；
4)以规定溶剂提取目标活性成分，获得各原料功能有效活性成分的干燥粉末；同时，按高效液相色谱法检测相关功能活性成分及含量分别为：石斛多糖40％；红景天苷3％；淫羊藿双苷20％；毛蕊花糖苷2％,松果菊苷8％；山茱萸比例提取物10:1；西洋参皂苷80％；黄精比例提取物20:1；枸杞多糖40％；甜菊糖苷98％；溶剂残留、重金属物质含量均不得超标，以及农药残留成分不得检出。
5)将步骤4中得到的9项活性物质粉末分别过100目筛至混合前状态；
6)将步骤5中得到的各原料功能活性成分按照比例：2:2:6:6:4:2:2:4:1复配混合，然后按照1:15～20的比例和水进行调配混合；和水混合过程中使用连续流微通道反应器，控制温度，保持潜热状态；连续流微通道反应器为采用不锈钢或玻璃材质、尺寸500～1000um的管式微通道集成模组，即通过微固定床、微混合器、微换热器、微分离器、微控制器、压力阀，连接微型泵；先使得功能活性成分填充于固定床，再使工艺软水以连续逆流方式循环混合3h，混合过程中温度20～50℃、压力≤18bar、流速200-250ml/M，当出现“气-液-固”浆状时加氢催化；静置2h后，分离沉淀、过滤杂质、收集溶水；此操作，相比釜式间歇搅拌，物料损耗低、传质效率高、热敏成分丢失少，混配均匀、节能环保，能实现100公斤到吨级的放大生产；
7)制作成品：根据成品形式选择工艺，制作固体饮料时，按冲剂需要备好辅材，再次混合、过滤，制粒、干燥，干/湿法混合时间为10±5分钟、干燥温度为70～80℃；制作液体饮料时，按口感需要调好倍量，进行过滤、杀菌、灌装。
本发明控制用水标准：整个生产过程的植物原料用水、活性成分溶解用水以及非工艺用水等，符合GB5749-2016，然后去离子净化(离子交换、反渗透、蒸馏)措施必须到位，而且对于只进行复配生产成品的环节来说，本复配组方的工艺用水标准要求为极软水(0～4°d)，最低要求为软水(4～8°d)。
确定保质期限：饮料等快消品保质期通常为3～6个月。本配方饮料一方面做短期稳定性试验，考察样品在感官、化学、物理及生物学方面的变化情况，判断样品包装(液体饮料采用易拉罐)、贮存条件(常温)和6个月内的稳定性；另一方面，同步展开加速试验，在温度37±2℃、相对湿度RH75±5％、避免光线直射下贮存3个月，考察6个月以上稳定性。0月数据都使用同批次样品卫生学试验结果，其余各月按照质量标准规定方法进行指标检测。总体考察时间涵盖计划保质期，与0月数据相比无明显改变的最长时间点作为参考，根据试验结果及配方情况，综合确定保质期。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
Claims (7)
1.一种植物饮料，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：淫羊藿3份，肉苁蓉3份，山茱萸2份，枸杞子2份，黄精1份，西洋参1份，红景天1份，石斛1份，甜叶菊0.5份。
2.一种植物饮料的制备方法，其特征在于，具体步骤如下：
1)选取各原料的定向富集部位：铁皮石斛嫩茎、红景天块根、淫羊藿叶、肉苁蓉肉质茎、山茱萸果肉、西洋参根、黄精根茎、枸杞子实、甜叶菊叶为组方中各原料的定向富集部位，按重量份称取选取的各原料；
2)用分子生物学聚合酶链反应合成DNA方法鉴定西洋参基因、以中药材指纹图谱技术高效液相色谱法、气相色谱-质谱联用仪联用定性、定量进行其他原料的溯源；
3)用现代天然产物分离手段，对各原料分别进行切片或粉碎，使用连续逆流设备、工业色谱柱技术高效提取、浓缩，得到各原料功能有效活性成分；
4)以规定溶剂提取目标活性成分，获得各原料功能有效活性成分的干燥粉末；同时，按高效液相色谱法检测各原料功能活性成分及含量；
5)将步骤4中得到的各原料功能有效活性成分粉末分别过100目筛至混合前状态；
6)将步骤5中得到的各原料功能活性成分按照比例：2:2:6:6:4:2:2:4:1复配混合，然后按照1:15～20的比例和水进行调配混合；和水混合过程中使用连续流微通道反应器，控制温度，保持潜热状态；
7)制作成品。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种植物饮料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤3中得到的各原料功能有效活性成分为：石斛多糖、红景天苷、淫羊藿双苷、毛蕊花糖苷-松果菊苷、山茱萸比例提取物、西洋参皂苷、黄精比例提取物、枸杞多糖、甜菊糖苷。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种植物饮料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述各原料功能有效活性成分含量分别为：石斛多糖40％；红景天苷3％；淫羊藿双苷20％；毛蕊花糖苷2％,松果菊苷8％；山茱萸比例提取物10:1；西洋参皂苷80％；黄精比例提取物20:1；枸杞多糖40％；甜菊糖苷98％。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种植物饮料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤5中功能活性成分总量与水的混合过程中使用的连续流微通道反应器为采用不锈钢或玻璃材质、尺寸500～1000um的管式微通道集成模组，即通过微固定床、微混合器、微换热器、微分离器、微控制器、压力阀，连接微型泵。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种植物饮料的制备方法，其特征在于，功能活性成分总量与水的混合过程具体为：先使得功能活性成分填充于固定床，再使工艺软水以连续逆流方式循环混合3h，混合过程中温度20～50℃、压力≤18bar、流速200-250ml/M，当出现“气-液-固”浆状时加氢催化；静置2h后，分离沉淀、过滤杂质、收集溶水。
7.根据权利要求2所述的一种植物饮料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤7中根据成品形式选择工艺，制作固体饮料时，按冲剂需要备好辅材，再次混合、过滤，制粒、干燥，干/湿法混合时间为10±5分钟、干燥温度为70～80℃；制作液体饮料时，按口感需要调好倍量，进行过滤、杀菌、灌装。
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