CN114374268A - Internet of things edge processing method and internet of things edge processing unit of power grid terminal - Google Patents

Internet of things edge processing method and internet of things edge processing unit of power grid terminal Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114374268A
CN114374268A CN202111431751.5A CN202111431751A CN114374268A CN 114374268 A CN114374268 A CN 114374268A CN 202111431751 A CN202111431751 A CN 202111431751A CN 114374268 A CN114374268 A CN 114374268A
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data
voltage
terminal
internet
current
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CN114374268B (en
Inventor
张兴富
丁博
王涛
刘小东
夏志鹏
杨发
孙炜
范丽
周颖
王少菲
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Beijing China Power Information Technology Co Ltd
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Beijing China Power Information Technology Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00001—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by the display of information or by user interaction, e.g. supervisory control and data acquisition systems [SCADA] or graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
    • G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
    • G06F17/18—Complex mathematical operations for evaluating statistical data, e.g. average values, frequency distributions, probability functions, regression analysis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/06—Energy or water supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00007—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00016—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
    • H02J13/00034—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
    • H02J13/00036—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers
    • H02J13/0004—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers involved in a protection system
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
    • Y04S40/128—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment involving the use of Internet protocol

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Abstract

The invention discloses an Internet of things edge processing method and an Internet of things edge processing unit of a power grid terminal, which specifically comprise the following steps: s1, acquiring terminal data generated by the terminal equipment in the operation process; s2, performing statistical analysis on the terminal data according to a preset rule to obtain statistical analysis data; s3, sending the statistical analysis data to a master station so that the master station generates a safety protection strategy according to the statistical analysis data; s4, receiving the safety protection strategy sent by the master station; and S5, protecting the terminal equipment according to the safety protection strategy. The combination of the Internet of things edge processing unit and the acquisition terminal increases more intelligent service applications such as fault study and judgment, intelligent equipment sensing access and the like on the basis of the original functions of the acquisition terminal. The acquisition terminal and the Internet of things edge processing unit supplement each other and work cooperatively to realize sensing access and edge intelligent processing of the platform area equipment.

Description

Internet of things edge processing method and internet of things edge processing unit of power grid terminal
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power grid operation, in particular to an internet of things edge processing method and an internet of things edge processing unit of a power grid terminal.
Background
The electricity utilization information acquisition system is an acquisition system as the name suggests, bears the information acquisition task of a low-voltage user, only a small part of acquired mass data is applied to the field of electric power business, and the mass data are only accumulated in a server, so that the application effect is not achieved, and a large amount of burden and loss are brought to the server. With the rise of the concept of local edge calculation, the application of the terminal sensing end for direct data calculation and analysis is natural, and the most direct position of the terminal sensing end and the terminal layer of the electricity consumption information acquisition system should bear the function of local edge calculation and share the pressure of the server. Meanwhile, the acquisition terminal is also positioned at the source end of the transformer area, and the acquisition terminal also has the precondition for realizing the perception of the transformer area equipment.
The original acquisition terminal has limited hardware resources and fewer external interfaces, and the daily acquisition service already occupies a large amount of resources, so that the sensing service and the local edge calculation function of the platform area equipment are difficult to bear. The large capital consumption brought by the batch replacement of the acquisition terminals is also a problem which is puzzled. On the basis of not destroying the system of the original acquisition terminal and the power utilization information acquisition system, a processing unit for bearing the sensing service of the distribution room equipment and the local edge calculation is developed, and the method is a more effective solution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an Internet of things edge processing method and an Internet of things edge processing unit for a power grid terminal, which can realize the access of intelligent sensing equipment of a transformer area and complete the functions of transformer area working condition analysis, power distribution station environment monitoring and the like; and various related data acquisition of the concentrator and the low-voltage user can be realized, and the local edge calculation function is performed, so that the problems of large calculation amount and heavy service bearing burden of the conventional system are solved.
An Internet of things edge processing method for a power grid terminal specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring terminal data generated by the terminal equipment in the operation process;
s2, performing statistical analysis on the terminal data according to a preset rule to obtain statistical analysis data;
s3, sending the statistical analysis data to a master station so that the master station generates a safety protection strategy according to the statistical analysis data;
s4, receiving the safety protection strategy sent by the master station;
and S5, protecting the terminal equipment according to the safety protection strategy.
Further, the preset rule is at least one of the following rules:
the method comprises the steps of a transformer area line loss analysis rule, a transformer area topology identification rule, a power supply quality analysis rule, a transformer area fault study and judgment rule, a transformer area three-phase imbalance analysis rule and abnormal power utilization behavior analysis.
Further, the terminal device and its corresponding terminal data are:
medium voltage side equipment and data:
intelligent environmental sensors — temperature, humidity, water level, geographical location;
fuse collection terminal-voltage, current, switch state;
distribution side equipment and data:
transformer acquisition terminal-voltage, current, internal pressure, oil level;
intelligent environmental sensors — temperature, humidity, water level, position information;
district summary table-voltage, current, table code, alarm event;
low voltage side equipment and data:
low voltage monitoring unit (LTU) -voltage, current, switch state, position information;
reactive compensation means (LTU) -voltage, current;
line side equipment and data:
low voltage intelligent switching-voltage, current, switching state;
low voltage monitoring unit (LTU) -voltage, current, switch state, position information;
cable collection terminal-joint temperature, partial discharge, cable well integrated monitoring;
user side equipment and data:
user electric meter-voltage, current, meter code, alarm event;
intelligent commutation switch-voltage, load current;
cable collection terminal-joint temperature, partial discharge, cable well integrated monitoring.
Furthermore, the structure of the box transformer substation area Internet of things sensing system is designed according to the comprehensive configuration of various acquisition terminals in five areas, namely a medium-voltage side, a distribution transformer side, a low-voltage side, a line side and a user side.
(1) Medium-pressure side: the intelligent environment sensor and the intelligent switch (or the common switch configuration LTU) are additionally arranged, and the intelligent environment sensor and the intelligent switch are connected to a border Internet of things agent in a plurality of communication modes such as RS485 and micropower wireless modes to acquire data such as environment quantity, voltage, current and switch state.
(2) A distribution side: including distribution transformer, platform district's summary table, in order to realize perception such as distribution transformer side environmental load, electric capacity, installation transformer acquisition terminal, edge thing allies oneself with collection terminals such as agent and intelligent environmental sensor, insert edge thing allies oneself with agent through multiple communication methods such as RS485, micropower wireless, gathers data such as environmental load, transformer oil temperature, pile head temperature, voltage, electric current.
(3) Low-pressure side: including 0.4kV generating line, low-voltage cabinet, reactive power compensator (intelligent condenser), in order to realize perception such as low pressure side environmental quantity, electric quantity, on-off state, the installation includes collection terminals such as intelligent environmental sensor, low pressure intelligence switch (or ordinary switch configuration LTU), inserts marginal thing through multiple communication methods such as RS485, micropower are wireless, broadband carrier wave and allies oneself with the agent, data such as collection environmental quantity, voltage, electric current, reactive power compensation monitoring data, on-off state, switching temperature.
(4) Line side: the intelligent low-voltage line branch box comprises a low-voltage line and a branch box, wherein in order to realize the sensing of line side environment, the state of the branch box and the like, the intelligent low-voltage switch (or a common switch configuration LTU) and a cable acquisition terminal are installed, and the intelligent low-voltage line branch box is accessed into an edge Internet of things agent through a plurality of communication modes such as micropower wireless communication, broadband carrier wave communication and the like, and is used for acquiring voltage, current, switch state, temperature and cable channel data (well lid displacement, combustible gas, harmful gas, environment temperature and humidity, cable temperature and the like).
(5) The user side: including commutation switch, table case, ammeter, table case master switch, fill electric pile, distributed energy, in order to realize perception such as user side commutation switch state, energy access, the installation includes intelligent commutation switch (or ordinary switch configuration LTU), low pressure intelligence switch (or ordinary switch configuration LTU), user's ammeter, communication conversion unit (filling electric pile, distributed energy), inserts marginal thing allies oneself with the agent through multiple communication methods such as broadband carrier wave, gathers data such as voltage, electric current, power, on-off state.
Further, the platform area line loss analysis rule is used for:
calculating daily power consumption of a low-voltage user according to voltage and current terminal data of a user electric meter;
calculating the daily electric quantity of the transformer area general table according to the voltage and current terminal data of the transformer area general table;
and calculating the line loss rate according to the daily electricity consumption of the low-voltage users and the daily electricity consumption of the total table of the transformer area.
Further, the station area topology identification rule is used for:
and analyzing and calculating data according to the position information of the terminal equipment and the perception data of each monitoring unit to obtain network topology information of each level of the system.
Further, the power quality analysis rule is used for:
acquiring voltage data of a distribution area general table and a user electric meter;
judging the voltage out-of-limit behaviors of all the tables in the monitoring area according to preset voltage limit parameters;
if the voltage data of the existing table exceeds the preset voltage limiting parameter, recording out-of-limit data;
and generating a daily out-of-limit rate and a daily power supply qualification rate according to the out-of-limit data.
Further, the stage area fault study and judgment rule is used for:
acquiring a record of power-off events of a user and power-off related data of equipment at each level of a platform area;
acquiring network topology information of a transformer area;
and obtaining a positioning power failure fault area according to the power failure event record, the power failure related data, the distribution room network topology information and the study and judgment logic.
Further, the platform zone three-phase imbalance analysis rule is used for:
calculating the current unbalance according to the three-phase current and the zero line current of the general table;
the abnormal electricity utilization behavior analysis rule is as follows:
acquiring event information and a low-frequency load curve of the electric energy meter;
and extracting abnormal event information and an abnormal low-frequency load curve, and generating abnormal electricity utilization behavior warning information.
Further, the safety protection strategy comprises a maintenance strategy, an electricity limiting strategy and a monitoring strategy.
An internet of things edge processing unit of a power grid terminal, comprising:
a memory;
one or more processors; and
one or more modules stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more modules comprising:
an acquisition module: the terminal data acquisition module is used for acquiring terminal data generated in the operation process of the terminal equipment;
an analysis module: the statistical analysis module is used for performing statistical analysis on the terminal data according to a preset rule to obtain statistical analysis data;
an uploading module: the system comprises a main station and a safety protection strategy generation module, wherein the safety protection strategy generation module is used for generating a safety protection strategy according to statistical analysis data;
a receiving module: the safety protection strategy is used for receiving the safety protection strategy sent by the main station;
a protection module: and the terminal equipment is protected according to the safety protection strategy.
Further, a transformer area refers to a power supply range or area of a (single) transformer in the power system.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides certain acquisition and supplement capability without influencing the operation of the original acquisition terminal, can acquire electric energy meter events and low-frequency load curves, performs certain calculation and analysis on data, and realizes partial local edge calculation function (abnormal electricity utilization behavior analysis).
2. The Internet of things edge processing unit is combined with the acquisition terminal, and more intelligent service applications such as local edge calculation, intelligent equipment perception access and the like are added on the basis of the original functions of the acquisition terminal. The acquisition terminal and the Internet of things edge processing unit supplement each other and work cooperatively to realize sensing access and edge intelligent processing of the platform area equipment. .
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an internet of things edge processing method of a power grid terminal according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an IOT edge processing unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a low-voltage transformer area fault study and judgment process according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a three-phase unbalance flow of the platform area according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a power supply reliability analysis process according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an IOT edge processing unit according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "longitudinal", "lateral", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships that are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or that are conventionally placed when the product of the present invention is used, and are used only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "open," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The system network topology structure can be divided into three layers, namely a terminal layer, an edge internet of things agent layer and a cloud platform layer. The terminal layer is connected with the edge Internet of things agent layer through RS485 or RJ45, and the cloud platform layer is connected with the edge Internet of things agent layer through wires and wireless (4G). Three layers are respectively responsible for different responsibilities. The terminal layer refers in particular to the data acquisition of the sensing layer which is responsible for various secondary power devices such as primary devices for providing protection and monitoring (instrument devices in switch cabinets and ring main units). The edge Internet of things agent layer can not only collect data of the terminal layer, but also forward the data to a main station of the cloud platform through an MQTT protocol, and has the functions of real-time data query, log query and historical data query on terminal layer equipment. And the master station of the cloud platform layer analyzes the data of the protocol conversion equipment through the protocol conversion equipment.
The design of the Internet of things edge processing unit located on the edge Internet of things agent layer refers to the meter tail cover type specification of the acquisition terminal, the whole size is completely consistent with the meter tail cover of the acquisition terminal, the meter tail cover of the original acquisition terminal can be directly replaced, and the installation mode is completely consistent with the meter tail cover of the acquisition terminal. In the operation process of the Internet of things edge processing unit, the operation of the original acquisition terminal is not influenced, the equipment is small and exquisite, the installation and construction are simple, and the installation space is not additionally increased. The overall appearance pattern is shown in the following figure
The Internet of things edge processing unit can realize the access of intelligent sensing equipment of the transformer area, and complete the functions of transformer area working condition analysis, power distribution station environment monitoring and the like; the method can also realize the acquisition of various related data of the concentrator and the low-voltage user, perform the function of local edge calculation, and solve the problems of large calculation amount and heavy load of service bearing of the existing system.
The system architecture of the edge processing unit of the internet of things is provided with a sensing layer, the sensing layer is arranged at the acquisition terminal, and the edge processing unit of the internet of things is replaced by the edge processing unit of the internet of things after the original surface tail cover of the acquisition terminal is directly detached. The Internet of things edge processing unit is connected with the acquisition terminal in an Ethernet mode, so that the data interaction efficiency with the acquisition terminal is ensured, and the related data in the acquisition terminal is quickly acquired. Meanwhile, the Internet of things edge processing unit body is also provided with a plurality of external interface resources, can bear perception service and collects intelligent equipment in a platform area. In order to ensure that the edge processing unit of the internet of things can work normally, one path of access of alternating current single-phase electricity is needed.
The Internet of things edge processing unit is combined with the acquisition terminal, and more intelligent service applications such as local edge calculation, intelligent equipment perception access and the like are added on the basis of the original functions of the acquisition terminal. The acquisition terminal and the Internet of things edge processing unit supplement each other and work cooperatively to realize sensing access and edge intelligent processing of the platform area equipment.
The interface resource of the Internet of things edge processing unit is designed as follows:
4 RS-485 interfaces, 2 RJ-45 Ethernet ports, 12V output, 2 three-wire system PT100, 1 direct current analog quantity, built-in LORA communication, built-in Bluetooth communication, an ESAM chip with OOP, a satellite positioning function and a remote communication module.
The pilot lamp from left to right does in proper order: operation, network, uplink, downlink, link 1, link 2.
The weak current terminal is defined as belonging to table 1: (description is made in the order of the top and bottom.)
TABLE 1 Weak current terminal
Figure BDA0003380329610000061
First, data acquisition
1. Acquisition terminal data acquisition
The Internet of things edge processing unit can communicate with the acquisition terminal and acquires alternating current sampling related data, measuring point related data, event record data and the like in the acquisition terminal.
2. DC analog acquisition
The Internet of things edge processing unit has a direct current analog quantity acquisition function, the current range is 4-20 mA, and the error is not more than 1%.
Second, data processing
The system comprises an Internet of things edge processing unit, a freezing data source and a freezing data source, wherein the Internet of things edge processing unit supports the functions of real-time data, second freezing, minute freezing, hour freezing, day freezing, month freezing, settlement day freezing and year freezing, the freezing period and the storage depth can be configured, and the freezing data source can be configured into any unit of real-time data.
1. Data statistics
The IOT edge processing unit should support cumulative average, extreme value statistics and interval statistics to realize power quality statistical analysis and other business statistical requirements. The statistical data source is the current data collected by the collecting terminal.
The IoT edge processing unit supports voltage qualification rate statistics.
2. Data compression
The processing unit data can be transmitted in a compression mode and a non-compression mode. For data transmitted by adopting a compression mode, a lossless compression algorithm is required to be adopted, and the decompressed data is ensured to be completely consistent with the original data. For data with a length greater than 1k, the compression ratio needs to be less than 70%.
3. Parameter setting and querying
Clock calling and timing
The processing unit can receive the clock summoning and time setting commands of the master station, and the time setting error does not exceed 5 s.
The processing unit should support accurate time synchronization with the master station end, or automatically correct clock deviation through a wireless public network and an Ethernet.
Processing unit parameters
The processing unit can be set and inquired of the communication address, the configuration parameter, the communication parameter, the longitude and latitude parameter and the like of the processing unit by the master station.
The processing unit communication parameters comprise wireless remote communication parameters, Ethernet local communication parameters and local maintenance port communication parameters; wireless telecommunications supports APN adaptation and multi-master station connectivity.
Statistical parameters
The processing unit can be used for setting and inquiring related parameters of extreme value statistics, accumulated average and interval statistics by the master station, the statistical interval and the statistical frequency can be configured, and the statistical data source can be dynamically configured according to application requirements.
Fourth, event and report
The processing unit automatically judges whether the event is generated or recovered according to the event attribute set by the master station, determines whether the event needs to be reported according to the configuration of the master station when the event is generated or recovered, and simultaneously records the reporting state. The content of each record comprises event type, occurrence time and relevant associated data information.
The event reporting needs to be reported independently by channels, and the reporting states are respectively recorded according to the channels, including three states of 'not reporting', 'reported' and 'reporting unconfirmed'.
The processing unit should be able to record events such as parameter changes, processing unit power down/up, etc. The main events recorded are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 event records
Serial number Data item Data source
1 Processing unit initialization Processing unit
2 Processing unit version change Processing unit
3 Monthly communication traffic overrun Processing unit
4 Processing unit time tick event Processing unit
Fifth, data transmission
1. Communicating with a master station
Communication requirements with the master station:
a) the processing unit can send various information such as power, electric energy indication value, state quantity and the like collected and stored by the processing unit to the master station regularly or randomly according to the requirement of the master station command.
b) The communication protocol maintained between the processing unit and the master station and locally at the processing unit should conform to Q/GDW 11778-2017.
c) Safety protection measures should be taken for setting important data and parameters and controlling transmission of messages.
d) The processing unit should be equipped with a 2-way RJ-45 ethernet communication interface for remote communication.
e) The processing unit using the wireless public network channel should take flow control measures.
2. Agent
The processing unit should have an agent function, and can forward the command or the file packet and other data which need to be transmitted by the master station through the corresponding communication port, so as to realize the relay function.
Sixth, clock and positioning
1. Automatic clock synchronization
a) The master station clock is automatically synchronized: acquiring a clock from a master station; and if the clock deviation between the processing unit and the master station is more than 5 minutes, the processing unit automatically corrects the time, generates a time correction event and reports the time correction event to the master station.
b) Automatic synchronization of the acquisition terminal clock: acquiring a clock from an acquisition terminal; and if the clock deviation between the processing unit and the acquisition terminal is more than 5 minutes, the processing unit automatically corrects the time, generates a time correction event and reports the time correction event to the master station.
c) The processing unit gives priority to clock synchronization of the master station, and if the master station does not support clock synchronization, the automatic clock synchronization function of the acquisition terminal is started.
2. Satellite positioning
The processing unit supports satellite positioning functionality.
Seven, local function
1. Local status indication
The processing unit should have a local status indication indicating the operating status of the processing unit, such as communication.
2. Local maintenance interface
The processing unit should have a local maintenance interface such as USB or ethernet, and set the parameters of the processing unit through the maintenance interface to perform software upgrade. The local maintenance interface communication protocol should support the Q/GDW11778-2017 protocol.
Eighth, Process Unit maintenance
1. Self-diagnostic self-recovery
The processing unit should have automatic identification function module, self-test and self-diagnosis functions, and when the abnormal work of the components or the function module of the processing unit is found, the abnormal information can be immediately recovered and recorded.
The processing unit and the functional module should record the daily self-recovery times.
The processing unit self-diagnostics self-recovery should not affect data acquisition.
2. Remote upgrade
The processing unit software may enable online software downloads over a telecommunications channel. Upgrade must be licensed and made available after ESAM authentication. When the processing unit downloads the remote software, the processing unit software should have the breakpoint resuming capability.
Ninth, safety protection
1. Hardware security protection
The processing unit adopts a hardware security module approved by the national password administration to realize the encryption and decryption of the data. The hardware security module should support both symmetric key algorithms and asymmetric key algorithms. The key algorithm should comply with the relevant policy of national crypto-management, and the symmetric key algorithm recommends using the SM1 algorithm.
2. Network firewall
The processing unit may optionally support packet filtering firewall functionality. The firewall default rules should include anti-brute force rules and anti-port scan rules for SSH services. The firewall rules of the processing unit should be updatable by the master station.
Ten, district intelligent monitoring
1. Distribution transformer monitoring
The Internet of things edge processing unit is marked with acquisition functions such as direct current analog quantity and temperature sensors, has the function of acquiring remote signaling displacement data in an acquisition terminal, and realizes monitoring of information such as on-off state and environment temperature and humidity in the distribution transformer station. The transformer voltage, current, power factor and other working condition information can be monitored in real time through the intelligent collection equipment or the collection terminal.
TABLE 3 real-time and statistical data
Serial number Data item Data source
1 Three-phase voltage at low-voltage side of distribution transformer Acquisition terminal/intelligent equipment
2 Zero sequence voltage on low voltage side of distribution transformer Acquisition terminal/intelligent equipment
3 Three-phase current of distribution transformer outgoing line Acquisition terminal/intelligent equipment
4 Zero sequence current of distribution transformer outgoing line Acquisition terminal/intelligent equipment
5 Frequency of Acquisition terminal/intelligent equipment
6 Active power Acquisition terminal/intelligent equipment
7 Reactive power Acquisition terminal/intelligent equipment
8 Power factor Acquisition terminal/intelligent equipment
9 Three-phase active power Acquisition terminal/intelligent equipment
10 Three-phase reactive power Acquisition terminal/intelligent equipment
14 Temperature and humidity Sensor with a sensor element
15 Concentration of environmental gas Sensor with a sensor element
16 Oil temperature, oil pressure and oil level of transformer Sensor with a sensor element
Table 4 cumulative electric quantity data
Serial number Data item Data source
1 Active electric energy in forward direction Acquisition terminal/intelligent equipment
2 Current forward reactive power Acquisition terminal/intelligent equipment
3 Current reverse active electric energy Acquisition terminal/intelligent equipment
4 Current reverse reactive power Acquisition terminal/intelligent equipment
5 15 minutes freezing positive active electric energy Acquisition terminal/intelligent equipment
6 15 minutes freezing of reactive electric energy in forward direction Acquisition terminal/intelligent equipment
7 15 minutes freezing reverse active electric energy Acquisition terminal/intelligent equipment
8 15 minutes freezing reverse reactive power Acquisition terminal/intelligent equipment
9 Daily total active electric quantity Acquisition terminal/intelligent equipment
10 Total daily reactive power Acquisition terminal/intelligent equipment
11 Daily rate active electric quantity Acquisition terminal/intelligent equipment
12 Daily rate reactive power quantity Acquisition terminal/intelligent equipment
2. Residual current operated protector monitoring
The processing unit can communicate with the residual current operated protector through communication modes such as RS485 and the like, and the monitoring of alarm information such as the on/off state, the residual current value, the voltage/current, the out-of-limit and tripping of the residual current operated protector is realized.
3. Power consumption information monitoring and early warning for distribution area and low-voltage users
The processing unit is used for acquiring signals such as the position state, the tripping state, the cabinet door opening and closing state and the like of a main breaker at the low-voltage side of the transformer in the transformer area and the switch state of a branch loop. Information such as the position of the low-voltage incoming and outgoing line switch can be collected through communication modes such as RS485 and the like.
TABLE 5 monitoring and early warning data
Serial number Data item Data source
1 Position and trip state of circuit breaker Processing unit
2 Opening and closing state of cabinet door Processing unit
3 Branch loop switch state Processing unit
4 Low voltage inlet and outlet switch status Processing unit
5 Lower limit of distribution transformer low-voltage side voltage Ua Processing unit
6 Lower limit of distribution transformer low-voltage side voltage Ub Processing unit
7 Lower limit of distribution transformer low-voltage side voltage Uc Processing unit
8 The upper limit of the distribution transformer low-voltage side voltage Ua is increased Processing unit
9 The upper limit of the distribution transformer low-voltage side voltage Ub is increased Processing unit
10 The upper limit of the distribution transformer low-voltage side voltage Uc is increased Processing unit
11 Position and trip state of circuit breaker Processing unit
12 Opening and closing state of cabinet door Processing unit
13 Branch loop switch state Processing unit
14 Low voltage inlet and outlet switch status Processing unit
Eleven, low voltage power utilization side management
1. Platform area network topology identification
The method comprises the steps of collecting network topology information of a distribution room in a collection terminal, combining perception data of intelligent equipment of each level of the distribution room, carrying out data analysis and calculation, and realizing network topology identification of each level of a collection system.
2. Line loss analysis of distribution room
The processing unit should have the function of calculating the station area daily loss rate. The processing unit should calculate the daily power consumption of the low-voltage users every day, and the line loss rate is calculated by combining the daily power consumption of the distribution room general table, and the formula is as follows: the line loss rate is (station area summary table daily electricity consumption- Σ (household table daily electricity consumption))/station area summary table daily electricity consumption × 100%, and a daily line loss rate curve is recorded.
3. Quick study, judgment and report of low voltage fault
The power failure fault is positioned, the power failure area is analyzed and reported to the master station by collecting the power failure event records of the terminal and the measuring point in the collecting terminal and the power failure related data of each level of intelligent equipment in the transformer area, combining network topology information of the transformer area and according to study and judgment logic.
Twelve, electric energy quality analysis
1. Voltage monitoring out-of-limit statistics
The processing unit can have the functions of voltage deviation monitoring and voltage qualification rate statistics. The device has a function of counting according to the day and the month, and counts according to the set upper limit value and the lower limit value of the allowable voltage:
voltage qualification rate and qualification accumulated time.
Voltage over-limit rate and corresponding accumulated time.
Voltage over-threshold rate and corresponding accumulated time.
Specifically, the principle of low-voltage transformer area fault study and judgment is as follows:
the low-voltage transformer area fault study and judgment is an edge calculation app and is mainly responsible for judging the power failure condition in the current transformer area according to the current power failure and power supply data reporting information and transformer area topology, and is used for accurately positioning transformer area faults. As a container, the power failure detection system can inquire power failure events, household meter power failure records and branch power failure records of a platform area terminal, analyze a power failure area by combining platform area topology, locate power failure faults according to study and judgment logic, and return the power failure condition and the power failure position of the current platform area.
Inputting: the power-off event of the terminal in the whole area and the topology of the area.
And (3) outputting: current blackout conditions and specific blackout locations.
Specifically, the principle of three-phase unbalance of the platform area is as follows:
the three-phase unbalance of the transformer area is an edge calculation app, and a three-phase unbalance treatment suggestion is given mainly through statistical analysis according to the current unbalance degree. And as one container, receiving a calculation request sent by the app in the other container through the MQTT, and returning a result through the MQTT after the calculation is completed.
Inputting: the three-phase current, the zero line current and the load factor of the general table, the phase and the current of each phase change switch, and the phase and the current of each branch detection unit.
And (3) outputting: the adjusted three unbalance degrees and the phase change switch action sequence required for reaching the unbalance degree.
Specifically, the principle of the power supply reliability analysis is as follows:
the power supply reliability analysis is an edge computing app and is mainly responsible for monitoring the voltage of users in the whole cell area, and when the power supply voltage is lower than a specified lower limit or higher than a specified upper limit, a voltage out-of-limit event is generated. The resources which are used as a container and depend on the container comprise a CPU, a memory and a platform database, and the communication interface comprises a database interface and an MQTT interface.
Inputting: and voltage data of the whole station area user.
And (3) outputting: a voltage out-of-limit alarm event is generated if the limit is out-of-limit.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made to the above embodiment within the spirit and principle of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An Internet of things edge processing method of a power grid terminal is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring terminal data generated by the terminal equipment in the operation process;
s2, performing statistical analysis on the terminal data according to a preset rule to obtain statistical analysis data;
s3, sending the statistical analysis data to a master station so that the master station generates a safety protection strategy according to the statistical analysis data;
s4, receiving the safety protection strategy sent by the master station;
and S5, protecting the terminal equipment according to the safety protection strategy.
2. The method for processing the internet-of-things edge of the power grid terminal according to claim 1, wherein the preset rule is at least one of the following rules:
the method comprises the steps of a transformer area line loss analysis rule, a transformer area topology identification rule, a power supply quality analysis rule, a transformer area fault study and judgment rule, a transformer area three-phase imbalance analysis rule and abnormal power utilization behavior analysis.
3. The method for processing the internet of things edge of the power grid terminal according to claim 2, wherein the terminal device and the corresponding terminal data are as follows:
medium voltage side equipment and its corresponding data:
intelligent environmental sensors-temperature, humidity, geographical location;
fuse collection terminal-voltage, current, switch state;
distribution side equipment and corresponding data thereof:
transformer acquisition terminal-voltage, current;
intelligent environmental sensors-temperature, humidity, location information;
district summary table-voltage, current, table code, alarm event;
low voltage side equipment and its corresponding data:
low voltage monitoring unit (LTU) -voltage, current, switch state, position information;
reactive compensation means (LTU) -voltage, current;
line side equipment and its corresponding data:
low voltage intelligent switching-voltage, current, switching state;
low voltage monitoring unit (LTU) -voltage, current, switch state, position information;
user side equipment and corresponding data thereof:
user electric meter-voltage, current, meter code, alarm event;
intelligent commutation switch-voltage, load current.
4. The method for processing the internet-of-things edge of the power grid terminal according to claim 3, wherein the platform area line loss analysis rule is used for:
calculating daily power consumption of a low-voltage user according to voltage and current terminal data of a user electric meter;
calculating the daily electric quantity of the transformer area general table according to the voltage and current terminal data of the transformer area general table;
and calculating the line loss rate according to the daily electricity consumption of the low-voltage users and the daily electricity consumption of the total table of the transformer area.
5. The method for processing the internet-of-things edge of the power grid terminal according to claim 3, wherein the platform topology identification rule is used for:
and analyzing and calculating data according to the position information of the terminal equipment and the perception data of each monitoring unit to obtain network topology information of each level of the system.
6. The method for processing the IoT of the power grid terminal according to claim 3, wherein the power supply quality analysis rule is used for:
acquiring voltage data of a distribution area general table and a user electric meter;
judging the voltage out-of-limit behaviors of all the tables in the monitoring area according to preset voltage limit parameters;
if the voltage data of the existing table exceeds the preset voltage limiting parameter, recording out-of-limit data;
and generating a daily out-of-limit rate and a daily power supply qualification rate according to the out-of-limit data.
7. The method according to claim 3, wherein the platform fault study and judgment rule is used for:
acquiring a record of power-off events of a user and power-off related data of equipment at each level of a platform area;
acquiring network topology information of a transformer area;
and obtaining a positioning power failure fault area according to the power failure event record, the power failure related data, the distribution room network topology information and the study and judgment logic.
8. The method for processing the internet-of-things edge of the power grid terminal according to claim 3, wherein the platform area three-phase imbalance analysis rule is used for:
calculating the current unbalance according to the three-phase current and the zero line current of the general table;
the abnormal electricity utilization behavior analysis rule is as follows:
acquiring event information and a low-frequency load curve of the electric energy meter;
and extracting abnormal event information and an abnormal low-frequency load curve, and generating abnormal electricity utilization behavior warning information.
9. The method for processing the internet of things edge of the power grid terminal according to claim 1, wherein the safety protection strategy comprises a maintenance strategy, an electricity limiting strategy and a monitoring strategy.
10. An internet of things edge processing unit of a power grid terminal, comprising:
a memory;
one or more processors; and
one or more modules stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more modules comprising:
an acquisition module: the terminal data acquisition module is used for acquiring terminal data generated in the operation process of the terminal equipment;
an analysis module: the statistical analysis module is used for performing statistical analysis on the terminal data according to a preset rule to obtain statistical analysis data;
an uploading module: the system comprises a main station and a safety protection strategy generation module, wherein the safety protection strategy generation module is used for generating a safety protection strategy according to statistical analysis data;
a receiving module: the safety protection strategy is used for receiving the safety protection strategy sent by the main station;
a protection module: and the terminal equipment is protected according to the safety protection strategy.
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