CN114374007B - Power lithium battery barrier breaking machine and power lithium battery charging method - Google Patents
Power lithium battery barrier breaking machine and power lithium battery charging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114374007B CN114374007B CN202111651766.2A CN202111651766A CN114374007B CN 114374007 B CN114374007 B CN 114374007B CN 202111651766 A CN202111651766 A CN 202111651766A CN 114374007 B CN114374007 B CN 114374007B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The application discloses power lithium battery barrier breaking machine and power lithium battery charging method, and the power lithium battery barrier breaking machine comprises: the device comprises a direct current power supply module and a power lithium battery high-frequency charging and discharging module; the working frequency of the high-frequency charge-discharge module of the power lithium battery is more than or equal to 100 ten thousand Hz; the high-frequency charge-discharge module of the power lithium battery repairs the power lithium battery through charging and discharging. The method and the device can successfully solve the problem of lithium battery attenuation caused by lithium battery crystal branches, and prolong the service life of the lithium battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lithium batteries, in particular to a power lithium battery barrier breaking machine and a power lithium battery charging method.
Background
The battery barrier breaking is a battery repairing means based on a resonance principle, and the technical means can be adopted when the traditional lead-acid battery is repaired, for example, the lead-acid battery is repaired by using pulse charging. In view of previous experience, it is expected that the lithium battery can be repaired by using the battery barrier-breaking technology after the lithium battery is applied in a large scale, but the repair is not successful. Because the lithium battery adopts a totally closed design and cannot be replenished with liquid, the service life attenuation of the lithium battery is considered to be an irreversible phenomenon in the industry.
Lithium ion batteries are a great invention and theoretically once thought to have infinite life. In fact, the lithium ion battery is attenuated, and besides the process problems of raw material loss caused by liquid leakage and gas leakage, the deep material level attenuation of the lithium ion battery is always a puzzle.
Long-term research in academia and industry has confirmed that dendrites are the most important cause of lithium battery degradation and a major factor of safety problems, and the mechanism for the generation is not complicated. In the process of charging and discharging, the lithium hexafluorophosphate electrolyte is used as a carrier of lithium ions, and in the process of ion drift, the lithium ions are reduced under the interference of various environmental factors such as temperature, charging and discharging power and the like to form various tiny dendritic crystals, commonly called lithium precipitation. The coating of the positive and negative electrode materials of the lithium battery is smooth when viewed on the upper surface of the current collector, and is uneven when viewed from a microscopic level, and the positively charged lithium ions can generate a tip charge accumulation effect, which is similar to the tip accumulation in the principle of lightning rods. If the charging process is too fast, once the ions acquire electrons, they are reduced to metallic lithium to form an SMI film and grow, i.e. dendrites; likewise, if the discharge process is too fast, a similar situation exists. Therefore, the core of battery repair is to synergistically dissolve dendrites by combining specific external charging and discharging means with battery management, so that the service life of the lithium battery is prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the application provides a battery fault breaking machine and a lithium battery charging method, so as to dissolve lithium battery crystal branches and prolong the service life of lithium batteries on trial.
According to an aspect of the application, a power lithium battery barrier breaking machine is provided, and this power lithium battery includes a plurality of lithium battery cell, and this power lithium battery barrier breaking machine includes: the device comprises a direct current power supply module and a power lithium battery high-frequency charging and discharging module; the working frequency of the high-frequency charge-discharge module of the power lithium battery is greater than or equal to 100 ten thousand Hz (the resonance of the ion level can be induced);
the high-frequency charge-discharge module of the power lithium battery repairs the power lithium battery through charging and discharging.
Preferably, the dc power supply module includes a step-up transformer and a full rectifier, and the output end of the full rectifier is connected to a loop formed by a resistor and a capacitor; the power lithium battery high-frequency charging and discharging module comprises a high-frequency discharger and a charging and discharging transformer; the capacitor, a primary coil of the charge-discharge transformer and the high-frequency discharger form a loop, and a secondary coil of the charge-discharge transformer is connected with the power lithium battery in parallel.
Preferably, the power lithium battery high-frequency charge-discharge module further comprises a charge-discharge resistor, and the charge-discharge resistor is connected with the power lithium battery in parallel and used for limiting power.
Preferably, the step-up transformer and/or the charge-discharge transformer is a magnetic saturation transformer.
Preferably, the power lithium battery fault breaking machine further comprises a switching switch, and the direct current power supply module is a charger; when the power lithium battery reaches the repairing condition during charging, the switching switch switches the power lithium battery from a charger to the power lithium battery high-frequency charge-discharge module, and the power lithium battery high-frequency charge-discharge module repairs the power lithium battery;
the high-frequency charging and discharging module of the power lithium battery comprises a voltage control system constructed by a divider resistor and a high-voltage capacitor, a first voltage control switch is connected with the voltage control system in parallel, and a current-limiting isolation unit, a second voltage control switch and a bleeder resistor which are connected in series are connected with the voltage control system in parallel;
when the capacitor reaches the target voltage, the first voltage-controlled switch and the second voltage-controlled switch are switched on, the first voltage-controlled switch releases the current of the high-voltage capacitor, and the current of the power lithium battery is released through the bleeder resistor;
when the capacitance is reduced to be insufficient to conduct the first voltage-controlled switch and the second voltage-controlled switch, the capacitor is charged by the charger, and the charging current charges the lithium battery through the current-limiting isolation unit.
Preferably, the power lithium battery fault breaking machine further comprises a fling-cut switch, and the direct-current power supply module is a charger; when the power lithium battery reaches the repairing condition during charging, the switching switch switches the power lithium battery from a charger to the power lithium battery high-frequency charge-discharge module, and the power lithium battery high-frequency charge-discharge module repairs the power lithium battery; the high-frequency charge-discharge module of the power lithium battery is a high-frequency pulse generator which comprises a discharge resistor.
Preferably, the charging current during the high-frequency resonance charging is adjusted within the range of 300-3000 mA.
Preferably, the working frequency of the power lithium battery high-frequency charge-discharge module is greater than or equal to 200 ten thousand Hz and less than or equal to 800 ten thousand Hz.
The application provides a power lithium battery charging method, which comprises the following steps:
the power lithium battery is charged with high power, wherein the charging power of each lithium battery unit meets the requirement of quick charging;
after the power lithium battery reaches the target voltage, performing high-frequency resonance charging on the power lithium battery, and performing high-frequency resonance charging on a lithium battery unit, wherein the frequency is greater than or equal to 100 ten thousand Hz;
and carrying out constant voltage charging on the power lithium battery.
Preferably, the target voltage V = n x 3.55 for a lithium iron phosphate battery and the target voltage V = n x 4.15 for a ternary lithium or lithium manganate battery, where n is the number of lithium battery cells connected in series.
Preferably, the charging current during the high-frequency resonance charging is adjusted within the range of 300-3000 mA.
Preferably, the constant voltage charging voltage of the lithium iron phosphate is V = 3.5-3.55v n, and the constant voltage charging voltage of the ternary lithium battery or lithium manganate battery is V = 4.17-4.18 n, where n is the number of lithium battery cells connected in series.
According to the technical scheme of the application, the industry consensus of 'irreversible battery attenuation' can be broken, the problem of lithium battery attenuation caused by lithium battery crystal branches is successfully solved, and the service life of the lithium battery is prolonged. According to the technical scheme, a unpacking and decomposing system is not needed, the normal charging and discharging process is utilized, the service life of the battery is prolonged on line, potential safety hazards are avoided, and great strategic value is achieved.
Additional features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high frequency barrier generator provided herein;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high pulse charge-discharge circuit provided herein;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a lithium battery repair assembly provided in the present application.
Detailed Description
In addition, the features of the embodiments and the respective embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
Traditional lead acid batteries are repaired using pulses at several kilohertz, but this frequency does not meet the requirements of lithium batteries. Lithium ions reach particles under the atomic scale, the resonance pulse frequency of megahertz level must be reached, and simultaneously the micro-scale SMI film can be cracked by combining the screen shock effect of charge-discharge synchronization. Therefore, for repairing a power lithium battery (lithium battery for short), the battery repair needs to be realized under specific conditions. The core technology is to induce atomic scale resonance and realize high-frequency pulse repair. However, the conventional electronic switch is difficult to achieve a frequency of the order of megahertz, and even a high-performance IGBT can achieve only a frequency of a hundred and several tens of kilohertz, and thus a special electronic circuit is required.
In order to obtain high-quality pulse current, as an implementation mode, the barrier breaking machine adopts a fire maker principle, namely a famous 'Tesla coil' theory. As shown in fig. 1, when an ac power supply 11 is boosted (2000V) by a step-up transformer 12, then rectified by a full-bridge rectifier 13 to obtain a high-voltage dc, and then balanced by a main capacitor 15 through repeated charging and discharging; the output of the full-bridge rectifier is connected with a direct current limiting resistor 14, and the value of the resistor is used for limiting power; the battery is not allowed to use high power in the repairing process, but can allow high voltage, and when the capacitor is charged, if the rectified voltage is 2000V, a resistor with 1K ohm is arranged according to ohm law, so that one ampere of current can be obtained to charge the capacitor; when the voltage of the main capacitor 15 is rushed to be close to the high-frequency discharge voltage of the igniter 16, the electric quantity in the main capacitor 15 is released through the discharge loop, the voltage of the capacitor drops, the igniter 16 is disconnected, the circuit is continuously charged, and the above steps are repeated to obtain the direct current pulse of 2-8 MHz. The pulsed dc power is then stepped down through an isolation transformer 17 (magnetic saturation transformer) to a charging voltage acceptable for the battery, for example 500-1000V dc. This circuit configuration is referred to as a "high frequency barrier generator". The transformer performs voltage boosting, the power can be unlimited, and small power, such as 100 volt-ampere 50 volt-ampere and the like, can be selected. For a magnetic saturation transformer, the magnetic flux is limited by defining the equivalent of silicon steel sheets.
As an implementation manner, the conventional charger 21 charges the lithium battery pack according to the direction of the charging current 22, and is provided with a switching switch 23, and when the battery charging reaches the state that the equalization repair can be performed, the switching switch is switched to the battery repair bypass 24 to perform the repair, for example, the voltage of each battery cell after charging is less than 3.55v on average. The battery repair bypass is connected in parallel with a lithium battery pack, a voltage control system is constructed by a voltage dividing resistor 29 and a high-voltage capacitor 27, when the capacitor 27 is charged to a certain target voltage, the voltage of the capacitor is pressed through two voltage control switches 26 and 28, the current of the battery pack 31 is released through a discharging resistor 30, and the current of the capacitor 29 is also released through the other voltage control switch 28. When the voltage of the capacitor 27 is not enough to turn on the switch, the charging pile 21 continues to charge the capacitor, and the current-limiting isolation unit 25 maintains a tiny charging current of the battery pack in the process, so that a high-pulse charging and discharging loop is constructed. The power in the repairing process is generally not more than 500 watts, and a common relay with more than 800 volts and 20 amperes can be used as a switch; the capacitance is typically on the order of microfarads.
In one implementation, as shown in fig. 3, the charger 41 charges the lithium battery pack 46, and when a condition is met (e.g., a trigger target voltage is reached), the lithium battery pack 46 may be switched to the lithium battery repair module 42 via the switch 45. The lithium battery repair assembly 42 includes a high frequency pulse generator 43 and a micropower discharge resistor 44, and forms a micropower resonant charging state, which can effectively repair the battery. The power is limited by a battery, the high-voltage capacitor obtains voltage, and the igniter (or other voltage-controlled switch) is pressed through to obtain high frequency. For example, if the igniter voltage is 1500 volts, the high voltage capacitor, which is limited to 2000 volts by a resistor, is charged, and when the capacitor charges to 1500 volts, the igniter is energized and a discharge is generated. The voltage of the capacitor can drop sharply due to the voltage division of the resistor, the igniter can be turned off under the condition of lower than 1450v, the capacitor is continuously charged and boosted, the discharge is continuously carried out at 1500V, and the pulse direct current of megahertz level can be obtained by reciprocating.
The application also provides a charging method, which comprises the following steps:
the lithium battery is charged in high power, for example, the average power of each battery cell is three watts, and the lithium battery unit meets the requirement of quick charge;
after the lithium battery reaches a first target voltage (e.g., 3.55 volts per cell on average), the lithium battery is charged at high frequency resonance, wherein the resonance voltage may be determined for different lithium batteries according to the following formula: the resonance voltage V = n 3.55 of the lithium iron phosphate, and the resonance voltage V = n 4.15 of the conventional ternary lithium battery and lithium manganate battery, wherein n is the number of batteries connected in series; the current setting is generally selected between 300 and 3000 mA; stopping the high frequency resonant charging when a second target voltage (e.g., 3.65 volts) is reached;
and (3) charging the battery at a constant voltage, wherein the constant voltage charging voltage of the lithium iron phosphate is V = 3.5-3.55v × n, and the constant voltage charging voltage of the ternary lithium manganate is V = 4.17-4.18 × n.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not to be construed as limiting the present application, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a broken barrier machine of power lithium cell, this power lithium cell include a plurality of lithium cell unit, its characterized in that, this broken barrier machine of power lithium cell includes: the device comprises a direct current power supply module and a power lithium battery high-frequency charging and discharging module; the working frequency of the high-frequency charge-discharge module of the power lithium battery is greater than or equal to 100 ten thousand Hz;
the power lithium battery high-frequency charge-discharge module repairs the power lithium battery through charging and discharging; the direct current power supply module comprises a step-up transformer and a full rectifier, and the output end of the full rectifier is connected with a loop formed by a resistor and a capacitor; the power lithium battery high-frequency charging and discharging module comprises a high-frequency discharger and a charging and discharging transformer; the capacitor, a primary coil of the charge-discharge transformer and the high-frequency discharger form a loop, and a secondary coil of the charge-discharge transformer is connected with the power lithium battery in parallel.
2. The power lithium battery barrier breaker as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power lithium battery high-frequency charge-discharge module further comprises a charge-discharge resistor connected in parallel with the power lithium battery for limiting power.
3. The power lithium battery barrier breaker of claim 2, wherein the step-up transformer and/or the charge-discharge transformer is a high-frequency magnetic saturation transformer.
4. The power lithium battery fault breaker as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a switching switch, wherein the dc power supply module is a charger; when the power lithium battery reaches a repairing condition during charging, the switching switch switches the power lithium battery from a charger to the power lithium battery high-frequency charge-discharge module, and the power lithium battery high-frequency charge-discharge module repairs the power lithium battery through direct current pulse;
the high-frequency charging and discharging module of the power lithium battery comprises a voltage control system constructed by a divider resistor and a high-voltage capacitor, a first voltage control switch is connected with the voltage control system in parallel, and a current-limiting isolation unit, a second voltage control switch and a bleeder resistor which are connected in series are connected with the voltage control system in parallel;
when the capacitor reaches the target voltage, the first voltage-controlled switch and the second voltage-controlled switch are switched on, the first voltage-controlled switch releases the current of the high-voltage capacitor, and the current of the power lithium battery is released through the bleeder resistor;
when the capacitor voltage drops to a value which is not enough to conduct the first voltage-controlled switch and the second voltage-controlled switch, the charger charges the capacitor, and the charging current charges the lithium battery through the current-limiting isolation unit.
5. The power lithium battery fault breaker as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a switching switch, wherein the dc power supply module is a charger; when the power lithium battery reaches the repairing condition during charging, the switching switch switches the power lithium battery from a charger to the power lithium battery high-frequency charge-discharge module, and the power lithium battery high-frequency charge-discharge module repairs the power lithium battery; the high-frequency charge-discharge module of the power lithium battery is a high-frequency pulse generator which comprises a discharge resistor.
6. The dynamic lithium battery barrier breaker as claimed in claim 1, wherein the charging current during high-frequency resonance charging is 300 to 3000mA.
7. The power lithium battery barrier breaker according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the operating frequency of the power lithium battery high-frequency charge-discharge module is greater than or equal to 100 ten thousand Hz and less than or equal to 800 ten thousand Hz.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111651766.2A CN114374007B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Power lithium battery barrier breaking machine and power lithium battery charging method |
| PCT/CN2022/108549 WO2023124049A1 (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2022-07-28 | Power lithium battery fault repair machine and power lithium battery charging method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111651766.2A CN114374007B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Power lithium battery barrier breaking machine and power lithium battery charging method |
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| CN114374007A CN114374007A (en) | 2022-04-19 |
| CN114374007B true CN114374007B (en) | 2022-11-08 |
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| CN114374007B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-11-08 | 常州智戌新能源电力科技有限公司 | Power lithium battery barrier breaking machine and power lithium battery charging method |
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| WO2023124049A1 (en) | 2023-07-06 |
| CN114374007A (en) | 2022-04-19 |
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