CN114373854B - Display device - Google Patents

Display device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114373854B
CN114373854B CN202210016202.XA CN202210016202A CN114373854B CN 114373854 B CN114373854 B CN 114373854B CN 202210016202 A CN202210016202 A CN 202210016202A CN 114373854 B CN114373854 B CN 114373854B
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display
display device
light emitting
retaining wall
units
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CN114373854A (en
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俞方正
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AU Optronics Corp
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AU Optronics Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/58—Optical field-shaping elements
    • H01L33/60—Reflective elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/50—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a 3D volume, e.g. voxels
    • G02B30/52—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a 3D volume, e.g. voxels the 3D volume being constructed from a stack or sequence of 2D planes, e.g. depth sampling systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/15—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components having potential barriers, specially adapted for light emission
    • H01L27/153—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components having potential barriers, specially adapted for light emission in a repetitive configuration, e.g. LED bars
    • H01L27/156—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components having potential barriers, specially adapted for light emission in a repetitive configuration, e.g. LED bars two-dimensional arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H10K50/856—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising reflective means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)

Abstract

A display device comprises a substrate, an active element layer arranged on the substrate, a plurality of display units arranged on the active element layer and a light reflecting structure arranged on the active element layer. The retroreflective structure includes a plurality of repeating units. Each repeating unit has four open areas. Each opening area is provided with a corresponding display unit. The light reflecting structure comprises a first retaining wall portion and a second retaining wall portion. The distance between the top surface of the first retaining wall portion and the substrate is greater than the distance between the top surface of the second retaining wall portion and the substrate. The display units in each repeating unit are separated by a first wall portion, and the display units in each repeating unit are separated from the display units in other adjacent repeating units by a second wall portion.

Description

Display device
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a display device.
Background
3D display technology has been of interest to many display manufacturers. Compared with the 2D image, the 3D image is easier to promote the immersion of the user, so that the user has the feeling of being in the mood of a body. Current naked-eye 3D display devices typically provide a parallax barrier (parallaxer) over the display elements (e.g., pixels or sub-pixels). Through the arrangement of the parallax barrier, the left eye and the right eye of a user can receive information sent by different pixel units, and therefore the naked eye 3D effect is achieved. However, the parallax barrier may limit the brightness of the display screen of the display device and the viewing angle of the display screen, thereby affecting the user experience of the 3D display device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a display device which can improve the brightness of a three-dimensional display mode and the picture resolution of a two-dimensional display mode.
At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a display device. The display device comprises a substrate, an active element layer positioned on the substrate, a plurality of display units positioned on the active element layer and a light reflecting structure positioned on the active element layer. The retroreflective structure includes a plurality of repeating units. Each repeating unit has four open areas. Each opening area is provided with a corresponding display unit. The light reflecting structure comprises a first retaining wall portion and a second retaining wall portion. The distance between the top surface of the first retaining wall portion and the substrate is greater than the distance between the top surface of the second retaining wall portion and the substrate. The first side wall of each opening area is defined by the first retaining wall portion, and the second side wall of each opening area is defined by the second retaining wall portion. The included angle between the first side wall and the second side wall is smaller than 90 degrees. The display units in each repeating unit are separated by a first wall portion, and the display units in each repeating unit are separated from the display units in other adjacent repeating units by a second wall portion.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the display unit of the display device can emit light rays with different angles through the arrangement of the reflecting structure, thereby obtaining a two-dimensional display picture or a three-dimensional display picture. In addition, the pixel units with different visual angles can be obtained without additionally arranging other structures (such as a parallax barrier) for generating parallax, so that the resolution and the brightness of the display device are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of a display device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2A is a schematic enlarged view of a portion of a display area of a display device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2B is a schematic cross-sectional view along line a-a' of fig. 2A.
Fig. 2C is a schematic cross-sectional view along line b-b' of fig. 2A.
Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic illustration of a display area of a display device in a first three-dimensional display mode according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic illustration of a display area of a display device in a second three-dimensional display mode according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic illustration of a display area of a display device in a two-dimensional display mode according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8A is a partially enlarged schematic illustration of a display area of a display device in a three-dimensional display mode according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8B is a schematic cross-sectional view along line c-c' of fig. 8A.
Fig. 8C is a schematic cross-sectional view along line d-d' of fig. 8A.
Fig. 9 is a partially enlarged schematic illustration of a display area of a display device in a two-dimensional display mode according to an embodiment of the invention.
The reference numerals are as follows:
1,2,3,4 display device
2DPX,2DHPX,2DVPX, two-dimensional image pixels
3DPX three-dimensional image pixels
3DSP1, 3DSP2, 3DSP3, 3DSP4: pixel unit
DU: display unit
100 substrate
110 active device layer
110t upper surface
112 active device
114 conductive structure
116 insulating structure
118 contact pad
120:
130 packaging adhesive
B1, first retaining wall portion
B2, second retaining wall portion
B1t, B2t, PFt top surface
DA display area
ED1 Red light-emitting element
ED2 green luminous element
ED3 blue light-emitting element
HD transverse direction
L light ray
L1, L2, L3, L4, L12, L34: direction
O: open area
Peripheral area PA
PF platform structure
RL length
RU repeat units
S1, a first side wall
S2, a second side wall
S3, third side wall
SW1, SW2 side surfaces
T1, T2, T3 thickness
VD longitudinal direction
X1, X2, X3 distance
W is width
Z spacing
Alpha, beta, internal angle
θ1, θ2, θ3-included angle
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of a display device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a display device 1 includes a display area DA and a peripheral area PA. In some embodiments, the display device 1 includes a plurality of display modes, such as a first three-dimensional display mode, a second three-dimensional display mode, and a two-dimensional display mode. For example, the display apparatus 1 can be changed to a different display mode by switching the operation mode of the display unit of the display area DA of the display apparatus 1. For the display mode of the display device 1 and the arrangement of the display units of the display area DA, reference is made to the following description.
Fig. 2A is a schematic enlarged view of a portion of a display area of a display device according to an embodiment of the invention. For example, fig. 2A is a partially enlarged schematic view of the display area DA of the display device 1. Fig. 2B is a schematic cross-sectional view along line a-a' of fig. 2A. Fig. 2C is a schematic cross-sectional view along line b-b' of fig. 2A.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2A to 2C, the display device 1 includes a substrate 100, an active device layer 110, a plurality of display units DU, and a reflective structure 120 disposed on the active device layer 110.
The substrate 100 may be made of glass, quartz, organic polymer, or opaque/reflective material (e.g., conductive material, metal, wafer, ceramic, or other suitable material) or other suitable material. If a conductive material or metal is used, an insulating layer (not shown) is coated on the substrate 100 to avoid the short circuit problem.
The active device layer 110 is disposed on the substrate 100 and includes an active device 112, a conductive structure 114, an insulating structure 116, and a pad 118. The insulating structure 116 is, for example, a single-layer or multi-layer structure. In other words, the present embodiment does not limit the insulating structure 116 to be a single insulating layer. The active device 112 is disposed in the insulating structure 116. The active device 112 is, for example, any type of thin film transistor. In some embodiments, the active device layer 110 further includes signal lines (not shown) electrically connected to the active devices 112. The active device 112 is electrically connected to the pad 118 through the conductive structure 114. The conductive structure 114 is, for example, a single conductive layer or a plurality of conductive layers. The pad 118 is disposed on the surface of the insulating structure 116.
The plurality of display units DU are located on the active device layer 110. In the present embodiment, each display unit DU includes a plurality of light emitting elements with different colors, such as a red light emitting element ED1, a green light emitting element ED2, and a blue light emitting element ED3, but the invention is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, each display unit DU further includes light emitting elements of other colors. The red light emitting element ED1, the green light emitting element ED2, and the blue light emitting element ED3 are, for example, organic light emitting diodes, micro light emitting diodes, or other types of light emitting elements. The red light emitting element ED1, the green light emitting element ED2, and the blue light emitting element ED3 are electrically connected to the corresponding active elements 112 through the corresponding pads 118, respectively. In this embodiment, the red light emitting element ED1, the green light emitting element ED2, and the blue light emitting element ED3 can be independently turned on and off from each other.
In some embodiments, the red light emitting element ED1, the green light emitting element ED2, and the blue light emitting element ED3 each include stacked N-type doped semiconductor and P-type doped semiconductor. In some embodiments, a light emitting layer may be sandwiched between the N-type doped semiconductor and the P-type doped semiconductor, and the light emitting layer may have a Quantum Well (QW), for example: a Single Quantum Well (SQW), multiple Quantum Well (MQW), or other quantum well, holes provided by the P-doped semiconductor layer and electrons provided by the N-doped semiconductor layer may combine at the light emitting layer and release energy in a light mode.
The light reflecting structure 120 includes a plurality of repeating units RU. In this embodiment, each repeating unit RU is a quadrangle, such as a rhombus or a square inclined at 45 degrees. In other words, the four corners of each repeating unit RU may be not right angles or may be all right angles. The repeating units RU are arranged in an array in the lateral HD and longitudinal VD directions of the display device 1. In some embodiments, the length RL of each side of the repeating unit RU is 50 micrometers to 300 micrometers. In some embodiments, each side of the repeating unit RU is of equal length.
The light reflecting structure 120 includes a first retaining wall portion B1 and a second retaining wall portion B2. The first retaining wall B1 and the second retaining wall B2 comprise a photoresist material, for example. In some embodiments, the first retaining wall portion B1 and the second retaining wall portion B2 comprise the same photoresist material, and the method for manufacturing the reflective structure 120 comprises a Half-tone (Half-tone) photomask process or a gray-tone (gray-tone) photomask process, but the invention is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the first and second barrier wall portions B1 and B2 comprise the same or different photoresist materials, and the method of manufacturing the light reflecting structure 120 comprises a plurality of photolithography processes.
The distance X1 between the top surface B1t of the first retaining wall portion B1 and the substrate 100 is greater than the distance X2 between the top surface B2t of the second retaining wall portion B2 and the substrate 100. For example, the bottom surface of the first retaining wall B1 and the bottom surface of the second retaining wall B2 are located on the same plane (the upper surface of the active device layer 110), and the thickness T1 of the first retaining wall B1 is greater than the thickness T2 of the second retaining wall B2. It should be noted that in fig. 2A to 2C, an obvious boundary line is shown between the first retaining wall portion B1 and the second retaining wall portion B2, however, when the first retaining wall portion B1 and the second retaining wall portion B2 comprise the same photoresist material, the boundary line between the first retaining wall portion B1 and the second retaining wall portion B2 may not be obvious in the actual device, or even the boundary line between the first retaining wall portion B1 and the second retaining wall portion B2 may not be present. In the present embodiment, a portion of the light reflecting structure 120 located around the display unit DU and having a higher level of the top surface is defined as a first retaining wall portion B1, and a portion of the light reflecting structure located around the display unit DU and having a lower level of the top surface is defined as a second retaining wall portion B2.
In some embodiments, the first and second retaining wall portions B1 and B2 comprise porous (or air-containing) silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) Titanium oxide (TiO) 2 ) Alumina (Al) 2 O 3 ) Calcium carbonate (CaCO) 3 ) Barium sulfate (BaSO) 4 ) Zirconium oxide (ZrO) 2 ) Hollow polymer particles of metal coating polymer particles or other reflective microstructures, but the invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the first retaining wall B1 includes a transparent photoresist material and a reflective layer (not shown) disposed on a surface thereof, and the second retaining wall B2 includes a transparent photoresist material and a reflective layer (not shown) disposed on a surface thereof. In some embodiments, the reflectivity of the first retaining wall B1 is greater than or equal to the reflectivity of the second retaining wall B2.
In the present embodiment, each of the repeating units RU includes a second retaining wall portion B2 at the periphery and a first retaining wall portion B1 extending from the periphery into the center. In this embodiment, the first retaining wall B1 in each repeating unit RU is cross-shaped, and the second retaining wall B2 is connected to four end points of the first retaining wall B1 and defines four opening areas O. In the present embodiment, each of the repeating units RU has four open areas O, the first sidewall S1 of each open area O is defined by the first retaining wall B1, the second sidewall S2 of each open area O is defined by the second retaining wall B2, and the third sidewall S3 of each open area O is defined by the first retaining wall B1. In the present embodiment, the first sidewall S1, the second sidewall S2, and the third sidewall S3 of each opening area O form a triangle, and each repeating unit RU includes four triangular opening areas O.
In the present embodiment, the included angle θ1 between the first sidewall S1 and the second sidewall S2 is smaller than 90 degrees, and the included angle θ2 between the third sidewall S3 and the second sidewall S2 is smaller than 90 degrees. In some embodiments, the included angle θ1 and the included angle θ2 are 30 degrees to 60 degrees. In some embodiments, the included angle θ1 is equal to the included angle θ2, and the opening area O is an isosceles triangle. In some embodiments, the included angle θ3 between the first sidewall S1 and the third sidewall S3 is 90 degrees.
A corresponding one of the display units DU is provided in each of the opening areas O. In this embodiment, the light L emitted from the display unit DU in each opening area O may be red light, green light, blue light, or a combination of the above. In the present embodiment, four display units DU in each of the repeating units RU are separated by the first wall portion B1, and the display units DU in each of the repeating units RU are separated from the display units DU in the other adjacent repeating units RU by the second wall portion B2.
In some embodiments, the display unit DU is disposed near the first wall B1, so as to better control the direction of the light L emitted by the display unit DU. For example, each display unit DU includes a plurality of light emitting elements (red light emitting element ED1, green light emitting element ED2, and blue light emitting element ED 3), and the distance Z between the light emitting elements (red light emitting element ED1, green light emitting element ED2, and blue light emitting element ED 3) and the first wall portion B1 is smaller than half the width W of each light emitting element (red light emitting element ED1, green light emitting element ED2, and blue light emitting element ED 3). For example, the width W of each light emitting element is 5 to 30 microns, and the pitch Z is 2.5 to 15 microns. The foregoing width W represents the maximum width of each light emitting element, and the maximum width is not limited to be parallel to the lateral direction HD or the longitudinal direction VD.
In the present embodiment, since the sensitivity of the human eye to green is high, in each opening area O, the green light emitting element ED2 is closer to the included angle θ3 between the first sidewall S1 and the third sidewall S3 than the red light emitting element ED1 and the blue light emitting element ED3, so that the light emitting direction of the green light emitting element ED2 can be better controlled, and the picture quality can be further improved.
In the present embodiment, the encapsulation compound 130 fills the opening region O and encapsulates the red light emitting element ED1, the green light emitting element ED2, and the blue light emitting element ED3. The encapsulant 130 is a transparent encapsulant such as epoxy, silicone, acrylate, and Siloxane (Siloxane) or other materials. In some embodiments, the encapsulant 130 is filled into the opening area O to modulate the surface shape to obtain the lens-like effect, thereby increasing the light extraction efficiency and further improving the brightness of the display screen.
Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic illustration of a display area of a display device in a first three-dimensional display mode according to an embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that the embodiment of fig. 3 uses the element numbers and part of the contents of the embodiments of fig. 1 and fig. 2A to fig. 2C, wherein the same or similar elements are denoted by the same or similar numbers, and the description of the same technical contents is omitted. Reference may be made to the foregoing embodiments for description of omitted parts, which are not repeated here.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in the first three-dimensional display mode of the display device 1, four adjacent display units DU in each of the repeating units RU form one three-dimensional image pixel 3DPX. Specifically, the four adjacent display units DU are the four pixel units 3DSP1, 3DSP2, 3DSP3, 3DSP4 in the single three-dimensional image pixel 3DPX, respectively. In the present embodiment, since the distance between the top surface of the first wall portion B1 and the substrate is greater than the distance between the top surface of the second wall portion B2 and the substrate, the pixel units 3DSP1, 3DSP2, 3DSP3, 3DSP4 emit light in different directions L1, L2, L3, L4, respectively. In the present embodiment, the pixel units 3DSP1, 3DSP2, 3DSP3, 3DSP4 respectively provide three-dimensional display information of different viewing angles. In other words, one three-dimensional image pixel 3DPX includes three-dimensional display information of four different viewing angles, thereby obtaining a preferable three-dimensional display screen.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic illustration of a display area of a display device in a second three-dimensional display mode according to an embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that the embodiment of fig. 4 uses the element numbers and part of the contents of the embodiments of fig. 1 and fig. 2A to fig. 2C, wherein the same or similar elements are denoted by the same or similar numbers, and the description of the same technical contents is omitted. Reference may be made to the foregoing embodiments for description of omitted parts, which are not repeated here.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, in the second three-dimensional display mode of the display device 1, four adjacent display units DU in each of the repeating units RU form one three-dimensional image pixel 3DPX. Specifically, in the single repeating unit RU, two adjacent display units DU constitute one pixel unit 3DSP1, and the other two adjacent display units DU constitute the other pixel unit 3DSP2. The pixel unit 3DSP1 and the pixel unit 3DSP2 constitute one three-dimensional image pixel 3DPX. In the present embodiment, the pixel unit 3DSP1 can be regarded as emitting light toward the direction L12, and the pixel unit 3DSP2 can be regarded as emitting light toward the direction L34.
In the present embodiment, two display units DU in the pixel unit 3DSP1 provide three-dimensional display information of one viewing angle, and two display units DU in the pixel unit 3DSP2 provide three-dimensional display information of the other viewing angle. In other words, in the present embodiment, one three-dimensional image pixel 3DPX includes display information of two different viewing angles, thereby obtaining a three-dimensional display screen.
The second three-dimensional display mode of fig. 4 requires less three-dimensional display information than the first three-dimensional display mode shown in fig. 3 (one three-dimensional image pixel 3DPX changes from display information including four different viewing angles to display information including two different viewing angles). Further, in the second three-dimensional display mode of fig. 4, the pixel unit of a single viewing angle in the three-dimensional image pixel 3DPX includes two display units DU, and thus the luminance of the pixel unit of a single viewing angle is large.
Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic illustration of a display area of a display device in a two-dimensional display mode according to an embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that the embodiment of fig. 5 uses the element numbers and part of the contents of the embodiments of fig. 1 and fig. 2A to fig. 2C, wherein the same or similar elements are denoted by the same or similar numbers, and the description of the same technical contents is omitted. Reference may be made to the foregoing embodiments for description of omitted parts, which are not repeated here.
Referring to fig. 1 and 5, in the two-dimensional display mode of the display device 1, each two adjacent display units DU form one two-dimensional image pixel 2DPX. Two adjacent display units DU in each two-dimensional image pixel 2DPX are separated by the second wall portion B2. In other words, adjacent two display units DU located on both sides of the second wall portion B2 constitute one two-dimensional image pixel 2DPX. In the present embodiment, each of the repeating units RU includes four half of the two-dimensional image pixels 2DPX.
In the present embodiment, the directions of the light rays emitted from two adjacent display units DU in one two-dimensional image pixel 2DPX are symmetrical to each other, and thus can be complementary to each other to jointly constitute a two-dimensional image pixel of full viewing angle.
In the two-dimensional display mode of fig. 5, one two-dimensional image pixel 2DPX includes two adjacent display units DU. In other words, the two-dimensional display mode may have a greater resolution than the three-dimensional display mode of fig. 3 or 4. Specifically, the resolution of the two-dimensional display mode is twice that of the three-dimensional display mode.
Based on the above, the display unit DU of the display device 1 may emit light rays of different angles by the arrangement of the light reflecting structure 120, thereby obtaining a two-dimensional display screen or a three-dimensional display screen. In addition, the pixel units with different viewing angles can be obtained without additionally arranging other structures (such as a parallax barrier) for generating parallax, thereby improving the resolution and the brightness of the display device 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that the embodiment of fig. 6 uses the element numbers and part of the contents of the embodiments of fig. 1 and fig. 2A to fig. 2C, wherein the same or similar elements are denoted by the same or similar numbers, and the description of the same technical contents is omitted. Reference may be made to the foregoing embodiments for description of omitted parts, which are not repeated here.
The main differences between the display device 2 of fig. 6 and the display device 1 of fig. 2A to 2C are that: in the display device 1 of fig. 2A to 2C, the side surface SW1 of the first wall B1 and the side surface SW2 of the second wall B2 are perpendicular to the upper surface 110t of the active device layer 110; in the display device 2 of fig. 6, the side SW1 of the first wall B1 and the side SW2 of the second wall B2 are not perpendicular to the upper surface 110t of the active device layer 110.
In the present embodiment, the inner angle α between the side surface SW1 of the first retaining wall B1 and the upper surface 110t of the active device layer 110 is greater than 90 degrees, so that the first retaining wall B1 has a structure with a wider top and a narrower bottom. In the present embodiment, the inner angle β between the side surface SW2 of the second retaining wall B2 and the upper surface 110t of the active device layer 110 is greater than 90 degrees, so that the second retaining wall B2 has a structure with a wider top and a narrower bottom. By such a design, the direction of the light L emitted from the display unit DU is adjusted. For example, the direction of the light L is further deviated from the normal direction of the display device 2.
Based on the above, the display unit DU of the display device 2 may emit light rays of different angles by the arrangement of the light reflecting structure 120, thereby obtaining a two-dimensional display screen or a three-dimensional display screen. In addition, the pixel units with different viewing angles can be obtained without additionally providing other structures (such as parallax barriers) for generating parallax, thereby improving the resolution and brightness of the display device 2.
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that the embodiment of fig. 7 uses the element numbers and part of the contents of the embodiments of fig. 1 and fig. 2A to fig. 2C, wherein the same or similar elements are denoted by the same or similar numbers, and the description of the same technical contents is omitted. Reference may be made to the foregoing embodiments for description of omitted parts, which are not repeated here.
The main differences between the display device 3 of fig. 7 and the display device 1 of fig. 2A to 2C are that: in the display device 1 of fig. 2A to 2C, the side surface SW1 of the first wall B1 and the side surface SW2 of the second wall B2 are perpendicular to the upper surface 110t of the active device layer 110; in the display device 3 of fig. 7, the side SW1 of the first wall B1 and the side SW2 of the second wall B2 are not perpendicular to the upper surface 110t of the active device layer 110.
In the present embodiment, the inner angle α between the side surface SW1 of the first retaining wall B1 and the upper surface 110t of the active device layer 110 is smaller than 90 degrees, so that the first retaining wall B1 has a structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom. In the present embodiment, an inner angle β between the side surface SW2 of the second retaining wall B2 and the upper surface 110t of the active device layer 110 is smaller than 90 degrees, so that the second retaining wall B2 has a structure with a narrow top and a wide bottom. By such a design, the direction of the light L emitted from the display unit DU is adjusted. For example, the direction of the light ray L is brought closer to the normal direction of the display device 3.
Based on the above, the display unit DU of the display device 3 may emit light rays of different angles by the arrangement of the light reflecting structure 120, thereby obtaining a two-dimensional display screen or a three-dimensional display screen. In addition, the pixel units with different viewing angles can be obtained without additionally providing other structures (such as parallax barriers) for generating parallax, thereby improving the resolution and brightness of the display device 3.
Fig. 8A is a partially enlarged schematic illustration of a display area of a display device in a three-dimensional display mode according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 8B is a schematic cross-sectional view along line c-c' of fig. 8A. Fig. 8C is a schematic cross-sectional view along line d-d' of fig. 8A. It should be noted that the embodiments of fig. 8A to 8C use the element numbers and part of the contents of the embodiments of fig. 1 and 2A to 2C, wherein the same or similar elements are denoted by the same or similar numbers, and the description of the same technical contents is omitted. Reference may be made to the foregoing embodiments for description of omitted parts, which are not repeated here.
Referring to fig. 8A to 8C, in the present embodiment, each of the repeating units RU is rectangular or square, and two sides of the repeating unit RU are parallel to the lateral direction HD of the display device 4 and the other two sides are parallel to the longitudinal direction VD of the display device 4.
In this embodiment, each repeating unit RU includes at least one platform structure PF. The mesa structure PF is disposed in two opening regions O arranged in the first direction (the lateral direction HD) and is not disposed in the other two opening regions O arranged in the second direction (the longitudinal direction VD). The first direction (transverse HD) is perpendicular to the second direction (longitudinal VD).
In the present embodiment, a distance X3 between the top surface PFt of the mesa structure PF and the substrate 100 is smaller than a distance X1 between the top surface B1t of the first retaining wall portion B1 and the substrate 100. The distance X3 between the top surface PFt of the mesa structure PF and the substrate 100 is equal to or different from the distance X2 between the top surface B2t of the second retaining wall portion B2 and the substrate 100. In the present embodiment, the thickness T3 of the platform structure PF is the same as the thickness T2 of the second retaining wall B2.
In some embodiments, a layer of photoresist material is formed, and then a photolithography process is performed on the layer of photoresist material to form the mesa structure PF and the second retaining wall B2; then another photoresist material is formed, and another photolithography process is performed on the another photoresist material to form the first retaining wall B1, but the invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, a layer of photoresist material is formed, and then a photolithography process is performed on the layer of photoresist material by using a halftone photomask or a gray-scale photomask to form the mesa structure PF, the first barrier wall B1, and the second barrier wall B2. It should be noted that in fig. 8A to 8C, an obvious boundary line is shown between the first retaining wall portion B1 and the mesa structure PF, however, when the first retaining wall portion B1 and the mesa structure PF include the same photoresist material, the boundary line between the first retaining wall portion B1 and the mesa structure PF may not be obvious, or even there is no boundary line between the first retaining wall portion B1 and the mesa structure PF. In the present embodiment, a portion of the light reflecting structure 120 located in the opening area O for raising the display unit DU is defined as a mesa structure PF.
In some embodiments, in the two opening areas O arranged in the first direction (the lateral direction HD), the green light emitting element ED2 of the display unit DU is disposed on the mesa structure PF, and the red light emitting element ED1 and the blue light emitting element ED3 are selectively disposed on the mesa structure PF or not. In some embodiments, a portion of the subpad 118 is disposed on the platform structure PF and another portion of the subpad 118 is not disposed on the platform structure PF.
By the provision of the platform structure PF, the display device 4 can be made to have a lower (longitudinal VD) actual viewing angle than a left-right (transverse HD) viewing angle. In other words, the height of the display unit DU is adjusted by the design of the reflective structure 120, so that the vertical 3D viewing angle of the three-dimensional image pixel 3DPX is smaller than the left and right 3D viewing angles, thereby improving the stereoscopic impression of the image. In this embodiment, the display device 4 may include a first three-dimensional display mode and a second three-dimensional display mode, in other words, in this embodiment, the three-dimensional image pixel 3DPX may include pixel units of four different viewing angles, or may include pixel units of two different viewing angles.
In this embodiment, since the sensitivity of the human eye to green is high, the green light emitting element ED2 is disposed on the platform structure PF in the two opening areas O arranged in the first direction (the lateral direction HD), so that the light emitting direction of the green light emitting element ED2 can be controlled better, and further the picture quality can be improved.
Fig. 9 is a partially enlarged schematic illustration of a display area of a display device in a two-dimensional display mode according to an embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that the embodiment of fig. 9 uses the element numbers and part of the contents of the embodiments of fig. 8A to 8C, wherein the same or similar elements are denoted by the same or similar numbers, and the description of the same technical contents is omitted. Reference may be made to the foregoing embodiments for description of omitted parts, which are not repeated here.
Referring to fig. 9, the display device 4 is switched to the two-dimensional display mode, and the display device 4 includes the two-dimensional image pixels 2DHPX symmetrical in the lateral direction HD and the two-dimensional image pixels 2DVPX symmetrical in the longitudinal direction VD.
In other words, in the present embodiment, the two-dimensional display mode of the display device 4 has the advantage of improving the resolution, because the total number of the two-dimensional image pixels 2DHPX and the two-dimensional image pixels 2DVPX is larger than the total number of the three-dimensional image pixels 3DPX of fig. 8A.
Based on the above, by the arrangement of the light reflecting structure 120, the display unit DU of the display device 4 can emit light rays of different angles, thereby obtaining a two-dimensional display screen or a three-dimensional display screen. In addition, the pixel units with different viewing angles can be obtained without additionally arranging other structures (such as a parallax barrier) for generating parallax, thereby improving the resolution and the brightness of the display device 4.

Claims (9)

1. A display device, comprising:
a substrate;
an active device layer on the substrate; wherein the active device layer comprises: a plurality of active devices; a plurality of signal wires electrically connected to the plurality of active devices; a plurality of conductive structures electrically connected to the plurality of active devices; a plurality of bonding pads, wherein the plurality of active devices are electrically connected to the plurality of bonding pads through the plurality of conductive structures;
a plurality of display units, which are positioned on the active element layer and are electrically connected to the plurality of connecting pads; and
the light reflecting structure is positioned on the active element layer and comprises a plurality of repeating units, each repeating unit is provided with four opening areas, a corresponding display unit is arranged in each opening area, the light reflecting structure comprises a first retaining wall part and a second retaining wall part, the first retaining wall part in each repeating unit is in a cross shape, the distance between the top surface of the first retaining wall part and the substrate is larger than the distance between the top surface of the second retaining wall part and the substrate, a first side wall of each opening area is defined by the first retaining wall part, a second side wall of each opening area is defined by the second retaining wall part, a third side wall of each opening area is defined by the first retaining wall part, and an included angle between the first side wall and the second side wall is smaller than 90 degrees, and the light reflecting structure comprises:
a plurality of the display units in each of the repeating units are separated by the first wall portion; and is also provided with
The plurality of display units in each of the repeating units are separated from the plurality of display units in the adjacent other plurality of repeating units by the second wall portion.
2. The display device of claim 1, wherein the four adjacent display elements in each of the repeating units form a three-dimensional image pixel.
3. The display device according to claim 1, wherein each two adjacent plural display units constitute one two-dimensional image pixel, wherein two adjacent plural display units in each of the two-dimensional image pixels are separated by the second wall portion.
4. The display device of claim 1, wherein the side of the first barrier wall is not perpendicular to the upper surface of the active device layer.
5. The display device of claim 1, wherein the first sidewall, the second sidewall and the third sidewall of each of the opening regions form a triangle.
6. The display device of claim 5, wherein each of the display units comprises a red light emitting element, a green light emitting element and a blue light emitting element, and the green light emitting element is closer to an angle between the first sidewall and the third sidewall than the red light emitting element and the blue light emitting element in each of the opening regions.
7. The display device according to claim 1, wherein each of the display units includes a plurality of light emitting elements, and a space between the plurality of light emitting elements and the first wall portion is smaller than half a width of each of the light emitting elements.
8. The display device of claim 1, wherein each of the repeating units comprises at least one mesa structure, and wherein in each of the repeating units, the at least one mesa structure is disposed in two of the plurality of open areas arranged in a first direction and is not disposed in another two of the plurality of open areas arranged in a second direction, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
9. The display device of claim 1, wherein a thickness of the first wall portion is greater than a thickness of the second wall portion.
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