CN114371152A - Drifting type automatic seawater transparency measuring device and transparency measuring method - Google Patents
Drifting type automatic seawater transparency measuring device and transparency measuring method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a drifting type automatic seawater transparency measuring device and a transparency measuring method, wherein the drifting type automatic seawater transparency measuring device comprises a support frame, a sealing shell, a light attenuation channel and a communication antenna, a power supply module and a control module are arranged above the support frame, the control module comprises a controller, a GPS module and a communication module, and a light sensor, a light intensity collecting and receiving module and an LED lamp combination detecting module are respectively arranged at two ends of the light attenuation channel. The device is used for transparency analysis including measurement preparation, light intensity measurement and transparency analysis calculation, the light intensity is transmitted to the controller through the light intensity acquisition and receiving module, and the transparency is calculated according to the light intensity through a regression inversion analysis algorithm. The invention has high measurement accuracy; the solar energy is used for supplying power, and the transparency of the seawater can be continuously and automatically monitored for a long time along with drift of ocean current; through establishing the ultraviolet lamp, can disappear and kill light attenuation passageway, LED lamp, light sensor, avoid the microorganism to adhere to, influence the test result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ocean exploration, in particular to a drifting type automatic seawater transparency measuring device and a transparency measuring method.
Background
The seawater transparency represents the light transmission degree of seawater, namely the attenuation degree of light in the seawater, can represent the clarification degree of the ocean water body, and is an intuitive ocean optical parameter. The observation of seawater transparency plays an important role in ensuring the safety of transportation, maritime operations, aquaculture industry and the like, for example, the seawater transparency is high, so that people can possibly avoid submerged reefs or dangerous obstacles. Research on seawater transparency is of certain significance to fishery breeding industry, for example, the breeding of abalones and sea cucumbers requires high seawater transparency, and razor clams and oysters require low seawater transparency. In addition, in naval military activities, the impact of optical properties such as sea water transparency on war must also be estimated in order to better cover and disguise.
In the prior art, a Securie disc method is generally adopted for measuring the transparency of water, the Securie disc is a pure white or black and white disc and is used for measuring the transparency of water in the water, the disc is fixed on a rope and slowly descends when being put into the water, an observer observes that the disc disappears, the length of an immersed rope is counted according to the counting, the transparency of seawater is considered to be the transparency of the seawater, the measurement mode is greatly influenced by subjectivity and weather conditions of the observer, and most importantly, the measurement mode cannot be continuously carried out, real-time data cannot be obtained, and large-scale measurement cannot be carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a drifting seawater transparency automatic measuring device and a transparency measuring method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a drifting seawater transparency automatic measuring device comprises a supporting frame, a sealed shell, a light attenuation channel and a communication antenna, a control module, a power supply module and a communication antenna are arranged above the supporting frame, the power supply module supplies power to the measuring device, floating balls are evenly distributed on the edge of the supporting frame in the circumferential direction, a water pump is hermetically arranged below the supporting frame, the bottom of the supporting frame is provided with a sealing shell, a light intensity collecting and receiving module is arranged in the sealing shell, the light attenuation channel is arranged at one end of the sealing shell far away from the supporting frame, one end of the light attenuation channel close to the sealing shell is communicated with the water outlet of the water pump, one end of the light attenuation channel, which is far away from the sealing shell, is provided with a one-way water outlet valve, one end of the light attenuation channel, which is near to the sealing shell, is provided with a light sensor and an ultraviolet lamp, the light sensor is electrically connected with the light intensity collecting and receiving module, and one end of the light attenuation channel, which is far away from the sealing shell, is also provided with an LED lamp;
the control module comprises a controller, a GPS module and a communication module, the water pump, the LED lamp, the ultraviolet lamp, the one-way water outlet valve, the light intensity collecting and receiving module, the light sensor and the GPS module are all electrically connected with the controller, the controller is electrically connected with the communication module, and the communication module is in communication connection with the terminal server.
The drifting type automatic seawater transparency measuring device is characterized in that the number of the floating balls is four, and fillers are filled in the floating balls.
In the drifting type automatic measuring device for seawater transparency, the light attenuation channel and the sealing shell are made of stainless steel materials.
In the drift-type automatic seawater transparency measuring device, the inner cavity of the light attenuation channel is coated with the metal-based toxic coating.
According to the drifting type automatic seawater transparency measuring device, the floating ball is connected with the edge of the support frame through the connecting rod, and the light attenuation channel is located in the center of the connecting rod of the floating ball.
According to the drifting type automatic measuring device for the transparency of the seawater, the power supply module is a solar cell panel.
The transparency measuring method based on any one of the drifting seawater transparency automatic measuring devices comprises three stages of measurement preparation, light intensity measurement and transparency analysis and calculation, wherein the transparency analysis and calculation comprises the following specific steps:
step 3.1, transmitting the light intensity value measured in the light intensity measuring stage to a controller, and calling a regression inversion analysis algorithm by the controller;
step 3.2, obtaining a transparency value through the inversion of a regression inversion analysis algorithm;
3.3, the controller sends the longitude and latitude information, the measured light intensity value and the inverted transparency value positioned by the GPS module to the communication module, and the communication module transmits the information to the terminal server;
the regression inversion analysis algorithm in the step 3.1 is constructed by adopting a regression analysis method, and a regression function between the average transparency and the light intensity is obtained and is y =9.929ln (x) -13.697, wherein x is the light intensity and y is the transparency.
The transparency measuring method of the drift-type seawater transparency automatic measuring device comprises the following specific steps in the measurement preparation stage:
step 1.1, the automatic measuring device reaches a specified position, and the ultraviolet lamp is started at regular time;
step 1.2, GPS obtains the longitude and latitude information of the measuring position, and transmits the information to the controller;
step 1.3, opening the one-way water outlet valve, operating the water pump, and enabling seawater to enter the light attenuation channel from the water inlet to clean the LED lamp and the light sensor;
step 1.4, closing the water pump, and replacing the water sample near the automatic measuring device with a new water sample;
and step 1.5, keeping the one-way water outlet valve open, operating the water pump, injecting a water sample at the measuring position into the light attenuation channel, and closing the one-way water outlet valve after the new water sample is injected.
The transparency measuring method of the drift-type seawater transparency automatic measuring device comprises the following specific steps in the light intensity measuring stage:
step 2.1, turning on an LED lamp;
step 2.2, transmitting the LED light to the optical sensor through the light attenuation channel;
step 2.3, the light intensity collecting and receiving module collects and receives the light intensity reaching the optical sensor;
and 2.4, transmitting the measured light intensity to the controller by the light intensity collecting and receiving module.
The drifting type automatic seawater transparency measuring device and the transparency measuring method have the advantages that manual measurement is not carried out through the plug type disc, and the measuring accuracy is high;
the solar energy is used for supplying power, and the transparency of the seawater can be continuously and automatically monitored for a long time along with drift of ocean current;
by arranging the floating ball and arranging the filler in the floating ball, the buoyancy of the device can be ensured, the device is prevented from being collided, and the service life is prolonged;
through setting up the ultraviolet lamp, can disappear and kill light attenuation passageway, light sensor, LED lamp, avoid the microorganism to adhere to, influence the test result.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a front view of an automatic seawater transparency measuring device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the automatic seawater transparency measuring device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the control system of the automatic seawater transparency measuring device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a model diagram of a regression inversion analysis algorithm of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the automatic seawater transparency measuring device for obtaining light intensity data according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the stand of the present invention.
In the figure, the solar energy 10, 4, 8 solar energy 10, 8.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a drifting seawater transparency automatic measuring device, as shown in fig. 1-2, fig. 1 is a front view of the measuring device, fig. 2 is a top view of the measuring device, it can be seen that the seawater transparency automatic measuring device of the embodiment comprises a support frame 3, a seal shell 5, a light attenuation channel 11 and a communication antenna 10, as shown in fig. 7, the support frame 3 comprises an upper support frame 31 and a lower support frame 32, the upper support frame 31 and the lower support frame 32 are both in two circular truncated cone structures, the bottoms of the upper support frame 31 and the lower support frame 32 are fixedly connected, a control module 1, a solar cell panel 2 and the communication antenna 10 are hermetically installed in the upper support frame 31, the solar cell panel 2 supplies power for the measuring device, the edge parts of the splicing positions of the upper support frame 31 and the lower support frame 32 are connected with four floating balls 4 through connecting rods, the four floating balls 4 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the support frame 3, the floating balls 4 are filled with certain fillers to prevent collision, and the four floating balls provide buoyancy together to ensure the water inlet depth of the device. Seal installation has water pump 6 in the lower carriage 32, 6 inlet tubes of water pump pass lower carriage 32 and extend to the outside, seal shell 5 is installed to support frame 3 below, install light intensity collection receiving module 12 in the seal shell 5, light attenuation passageway 11 is installed and is kept away from 3 one end central point departments of support frame in seal shell 5, the light attenuation passageway is close to 5 one ends of seal shell and is communicate with the water pump delivery port, it is provided with one-way outlet valve 9 to keep away from 5 one end of seal shell, light attenuation passageway 11 is close to 5 one end of seal shell and is provided with light sensor 13 and ultraviolet lamp 7, and light sensor 13 is located the ultraviolet lamp 7 below, light sensor 13 and 12 electric connection of light intensity collection receiving module, light attenuation passageway 11 keeps away from 5 one ends of seal shell and still is provided with LED lamp 8.
The control module comprises a PIC controller, a GPS module and a communication module, as shown in figure 3, the water pump 6, the LED lamp 8, the ultraviolet lamp 7, the one-way water outlet valve 9, the light intensity collecting and receiving module 12 and the GPS module are all electrically connected with the PIC controller, the PIC controller is electrically connected with the communication module, the communication module is in communication connection with the terminal server, and the communication antenna 10 can increase the communication signal intensity of the communication module and the terminal server.
The surface of the upper support frame 31 is sealed by a transparent material, the solar cell panel 2 has a high-efficiency cell and long-term output stability, and is also made of low-iron high-transmittance tempered glass to provide better rigidity and impact resistance. The solar panel 2 is mounted on top to capture as much sunlight as possible, and when the instrument is idle, the collected solar energy is stored in a rechargeable lithium ion battery for later use.
The light attenuation channel 11 and the sealing shell 5 are made of stainless steel materials, the inner cavity is coated with a metal-based toxic coating, and meanwhile, the ultraviolet lamp 7 intermittently and circularly works to effectively prevent corrosion and biological attachment.
The automatic measuring device adopts an intermittent working mode, the solar cell panel 2 continuously works by putting in a ship, the ultraviolet lamp 7 works once every 6 hours, and the one-way water outlet valve 9, the LED lamp 8 and the optical sensor 13 work once every 1 hour.
The transparency measuring method of the drifting seawater transparency automatic measuring device comprises three stages of measurement preparation, light intensity measurement and transparency analysis and calculation as shown in fig. 6, wherein the measurement preparation stage comprises the following specific steps:
step 1.1, the automatic measuring device reaches a specified position, and the ultraviolet lamp is started at regular time;
step 1.2, GPS obtains longitude and latitude information of the measuring position and transmits the information to PIC controller;
step 1.3, opening the one-way water outlet valve, operating the water pump, and enabling seawater to enter the light attenuation channel from the water inlet to clean the LED lamp and the light sensor;
step 1.4, closing the water pump, and replacing the water sample near the automatic measuring device with a new water sample;
and step 1.5, keeping the one-way water outlet valve open, operating the water pump, injecting a water sample at the measuring position into the light attenuation channel, and closing the one-way water outlet valve after the new water sample is injected.
In step 1.4 and step 1.5, the time required for filling the light attenuation channel with water can be calculated according to the capacity of the light attenuation channel and the efficiency of the water pump, in step 1.4, the time for turning off the water pump is twice the time for filling the light attenuation channel with water, and in step 1.5, the time for operating the water pump is the time for filling the light attenuation channel with water. According to the structural characteristics of the water pump, the impeller is arranged inside the water pump, when the water pump pumps water, large sundries such as fishes can be effectively prevented from entering the water pump, the water pump is damaged, and the purpose of protecting the water pump is achieved.
In this embodiment, when the length of the light attenuation channel is 1m, the diameter of the light attenuation channel is 0.1m, the flow rate of the water pump is 2L/min, the capacity of the light attenuation channel is 7.854L, and the time for filling the light attenuation channel with water is 3.927 minutes, so that in step 1.4, the time for turning off the water pump is 8 minutes, and in step 1.5, the time for operating the water pump is 4 minutes.
The specific steps of the light intensity measuring stage are as follows:
step 2.1, turning on an LED lamp;
step 2.2, transmitting the LED light to the optical sensor through the light attenuation channel;
step 2.3, the light intensity collecting and receiving module collects and receives the light intensity reaching the optical sensor;
and 2.4, transmitting the measured light intensity to the controller by the light intensity collecting and receiving module.
The transparency analysis and calculation comprises the following specific steps:
step 3.1, transmitting the light intensity value measured in the light intensity measuring stage to a PIC controller, and calling a regression inversion analysis algorithm by the PIC controller;
in this embodiment, the regression inversion analysis algorithm is constructed by using a regression analysis method, and the algorithm reflects the relationship between the actual transparency value and the measured light intensity of the instrument. Flow chart of light intensity data acquisition as shown in fig. 5, in a calm weather, 10 observers measured transparency using the seeger disc, each observer recorded the average of the depths at which the seeger disc disappeared and reappeared, and secondly, the average of 10 transparencies measured by all observers, this process was repeated 5 times, and the water transparency was measured at 5 different locations. Finally, the automatic measuring device of the present invention was used to measure the light intensity at the same position as the observer, 10 data values were collected to obtain the average value of the light intensity, and all the data measured manually and the measurements we had based on the automatic measuring device of the present invention were recorded. From the measured data, a regression function showing the relationship between the average transparency and the light intensity was generated, and the resulting algorithm was y =9.929ln (x) -13.697, where x is the light intensity and y is the transparency, as shown in fig. 4.
Step 3.2, obtaining a transparency value through the inversion of a regression inversion analysis algorithm;
and 3.3, the PIC controller sends the longitude and latitude information, the measured light intensity value and the inverted transparency value positioned by the GPS module to the communication module, and the communication module transmits the information to the terminal server.
Example 2
In this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 1, a liquid flow sensor is installed at the one-way water outlet valve, the liquid flow sensor is connected to the control module, and is capable of monitoring the flow rate of liquid exchange at the one-way water outlet valve, in a measurement preparation stage of the automatic measurement device, the total flow rate of liquid passing through the one-way water outlet valve can be monitored by the control module, and when the total flow rate of liquid reaches the capacity of the light attenuation channel, it is indicated that the water sample in the light attenuation channel is a brand new water sample.
In the actual measurement process, the specific steps of the measurement preparation stage are as follows:
step 1.1, the automatic measuring device reaches a specified position, and the ultraviolet lamp is started at regular time;
step 1.2, GPS obtains longitude and latitude information of the measuring position and transmits the information to PIC controller;
step 1.3, opening the one-way water outlet valve, operating the water pump, and enabling seawater to enter the light attenuation channel from the water inlet to clean the LED lamp and the light sensor;
step 1.4, the liquid flow sensor is reset to zero, the water pump is closed, and when the total flow counted by the liquid flow sensor is the capacity of the light attenuation channel, a water sample near the surface automatic measuring device is replaced by a new water sample;
and step 1.5, the liquid flow sensor is reset to zero, the one-way water outlet valve is kept opened, the water pump works, a water sample at a measuring position is injected into the light attenuation channel, and when the total flow counted by the liquid flow sensor is the capacity of the light attenuation channel, the one-way water outlet valve is closed after the injection of a new water sample is finished.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a drift formula sea water transparency automatic measuring device which characterized in that: comprises a support frame, a sealed shell, a light attenuation channel and a communication antenna, wherein a control module, a power supply module and the communication antenna are arranged above the support frame, the power supply module supplies power to the measuring device, floating balls are uniformly distributed on the edge of the supporting frame in the circumferential direction, a water pump is arranged below the supporting frame, a sealing shell is arranged at the bottom of the supporting frame, a light intensity collecting and receiving module is arranged in the sealing shell, the light attenuation channel is arranged at one end of the sealing shell far away from the supporting frame, one end of the light attenuation channel close to the sealing shell is communicated with the water outlet of the water pump, one end of the light attenuation channel, which is far away from the sealing shell, is provided with a one-way water outlet valve, one end of the light attenuation channel, which is near to the sealing shell, is provided with a light sensor and an ultraviolet lamp, the light sensor is electrically connected with the light intensity collecting and receiving module, and one end of the light attenuation channel, which is far away from the sealing shell, is also provided with an LED lamp;
the control module comprises a controller, a GPS module and a communication module, the water pump, the LED lamp, the ultraviolet lamp, the one-way water outlet valve, the light intensity collecting and receiving module, the light sensor and the GPS module are all electrically connected with the controller, the controller is electrically connected with the communication module, and the communication module is in communication connection with the terminal server.
2. The automatic drifting seawater transparency measuring device of claim 1 wherein there are four floating balls and the floating balls are filled with filler.
3. The drifting seawater transparency automatic measuring device of claim 1 wherein the light attenuation channel and the sealing shell are made of stainless steel material.
4. The automatic drifting seawater transparency measuring device of claim 1 wherein the inner cavity of the light attenuating channel is painted with a metal-based toxic coating.
5. The drifting type seawater transparency automatic measuring device of claim 1 wherein the floating ball is connected with the edge of the support frame through a connecting rod, and the light attenuation channel is located at the center of the floating ball connecting rod.
6. The drifting seawater transparency automatic measuring device of claim 1 wherein the power supply module is a solar panel.
7. The drifting seawater transparency automatic measuring device of claim 1 wherein a flow sensor is arranged at the one-way water outlet valve.
8. The transparency measuring method based on any one of the drifting seawater transparency automatic measuring devices is characterized by comprising three stages of measurement preparation, light intensity measurement and transparency analysis and calculation, wherein the transparency analysis and calculation comprises the following specific steps:
step 3.1, transmitting the light intensity value measured in the light intensity measuring stage to a controller, and calling a regression inversion analysis algorithm by the controller;
step 3.2, obtaining a transparency value through the inversion of a regression inversion analysis algorithm;
3.3, the controller sends the longitude and latitude information, the measured light intensity value and the inverted transparency value positioned by the GPS module to the communication module, and the communication module transmits the information to the terminal server;
the algorithm in the step 3.1 is constructed by adopting a regression analysis method, and a regression function between the average transparency and the light intensity is obtained, wherein the regression function is y =9.929ln (x) -13.697, x is the light intensity, and y is the transparency.
9. The transparency measuring method of the drifting seawater transparency automatic measuring device according to claim 8, characterized in that the concrete steps of the measuring preparation stage are as follows:
step 1.1, the automatic measuring device reaches a specified position, and the ultraviolet lamp is started at regular time;
step 1.2, GPS obtains the longitude and latitude information of the measuring position, and transmits the information to the controller;
step 1.3, opening the one-way water outlet valve, operating the water pump, and enabling seawater to enter the light attenuation channel from the water inlet to clean the LED lamp and the light sensor;
step 1.4, closing the water pump, and replacing the water sample near the automatic measuring device with a new water sample;
and step 1.5, keeping the one-way water outlet valve open, operating the water pump, injecting a water sample at the measuring position into the light attenuation channel, and closing the one-way water outlet valve after the new water sample is injected.
10. The transparency measuring method of the drifting seawater transparency automatic measuring device according to claim 9, characterized in that the light intensity measuring stage comprises the following specific steps:
step 2.1, turning on an LED lamp;
step 2.2, transmitting the LED light to the optical sensor through the light attenuation channel;
step 2.3, the light intensity collecting and receiving module collects and receives the light intensity reaching the optical sensor;
and 2.4, transmitting the measured light intensity to the controller by the light intensity collecting and receiving module.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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