CN114369336A - Novel drag reduction, hydrophobic/deicing integrated film - Google Patents
Novel drag reduction, hydrophobic/deicing integrated film Download PDFInfo
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- CN114369336A CN114369336A CN202111613730.5A CN202111613730A CN114369336A CN 114369336 A CN114369336 A CN 114369336A CN 202111613730 A CN202111613730 A CN 202111613730A CN 114369336 A CN114369336 A CN 114369336A
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- C08J2363/00—Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel anti-drag, hydrophobic/deicing integrated film, which has micro-structure surface anti-drag performance in a non-icing state; when in an icing state, the micro-structure has the dewatering and deicing performances before icing, during icing and after icing, and the surface of the micro-structure has dewatering and rebound water drops before icing; in icing, the microstructure surface delays icing; after icing, the film has low-voltage electrothermal effect, reduces the adhesion of ice and the surface, and has quick deicing performance; the invention directly prepares the microstructure on the electric heating film, thoroughly solves the defects of easy falling and failure of the traditional super-hydrophobic coating caused by spraying on one hand, and solves the problems of temperature mismatching and uneven transmission caused by multilayer compounding of the existing anti-icing/deicing system on the other hand, and has simple process and wide industrialized application prospect.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a novel drag reduction, drainage and deicing integrated film, and belongs to the technical field of drag reduction, drainage and deicing.
Background art:
the strong contact effect between the solid/gas interfaces is an important reason for the generation of the wall friction resistance of the aircraft, and the reduction of the wall friction resistance of the aircraft has obvious effect on the improvement of the highest navigation speed and the maximum range of the aircraft, and the wall friction resistance accounts for about 40-50% of the total resistance and is reduced by 40% under the subsonic condition through measurement and calculation, so that the range of the aircraft can be improved by 29.1%, the navigation speed is increased by 32%, and the performance of the aircraft can be greatly improved by reducing the wall friction resistance; meanwhile, another key factor affecting the performance of the aircraft is that in a cold environment, water drops in the air can become supercooled water, the contact surface can become an ice layer, and a negative effect is generated, when the surface of the aircraft is coated with ice, the performance of the aerodynamic and electronic equipment of the aircraft is damaged, and crash can occur in a severe case. The technologies of drag reduction and ice prevention/removal are analyzed and summarized, and the chemical liquid ice prevention/removal system has serious environmental pollution; the expansion pipe deicing system can damage the original pneumatic appearance of the airplane; electrical pulse and electrothermal ice prevention/removal systems consume a large amount of energy; the super-hydrophobic surface anti-icing/deicing mode is not suitable for low-temperature and high-humidity environments; the super-hydrophobic/electric heating anti-icing/deicing mode is easy to delaminate the structure and lose efficacy of the super-hydrophobic surface due to the fact that the super-hydrophobic surface and the electric heating layer are bonded into a double-layer structure; meanwhile, another key problem is that wall drag reduction technology is not considered in the field of ice prevention/removal at present.
Through the literature search of the prior art, the Chinese application publication number: CN106945782A and CN105908187B propose an underwater drag reduction surface with a globefish skin-like appearance and a manufacturing method thereof, and combine a bionic super-hydrophobic surface and a super-vacuole drag reduction technology to improve the underwater drag reduction efficiency. By taking CN107459668A as an example, a self-repairing super-hydrophobic anti-drag elastomer film and a preparation method are provided, a sharkskin V-shaped groove structure is copied on the surface of an elastomer, and a polyacrylamide-polyfluoroalkyl acrylate block copolymer capable of forming a micro-nano structure through self-assembly is grafted, so that the self-repairing super-hydrophobic anti-drag film has the self-repairing super-hydrophobic performance, the static water contact angle reaches more than 150 degrees, the rolling angle is less than 10 degrees, the anti-drag rate of the anti-drag film can reach 20 percent, but the anti-icing/deicing technology is not considered in the existing anti-drag technology. CN108454816A, CN109777358A and CN109794404A respectively provide a novel micro-nano structure surface anti-icing and deicing skin, a graphene-based anti-icing/deicing integrated folded film and a preparation method thereof, an electric heating anti-icing and deicing assembly with a super-hydrophobic characteristic and a preparation method thereof, but due to the characteristics of interface effect, random fold distribution and the like in a low-temperature environment, the ice-thinning influence is influenced. Taking CN109862637A as an example, an anti-icing and deicing electric heating structure using a graphene-carbon nanotube composite material and a preparation method thereof are provided. Although the graphene film layer is used as a heat conduction material, the heating is more uniform, but the icing time can be delayed by not considering the surface effect of the microstructure. At present, the process of the anti-icing/deicing system is relatively complex, the failure probability is increased due to the existence of multiple interface layers, the anti-icing system is not suitable for the quick deicing requirements of key parts such as a low-temperature environment and the like, and in addition, the anti-drag technology is not considered. Therefore, an electrothermal integrated film with the functions of resistance reduction and dewatering/deicing is yet to be developed.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a novel drag-reduction, hydrophobic/deicing integrated film.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
directly preparing microstructures with different shapes, different distributions and different scales on the low-voltage rapid heating film; the electric heating film material is epoxy resin, PMIA and PDMs; the mass percentage content is as follows: 88 to 98.8 percent of polymer, 0.1 to 7.0 percent of filling material of carbon nano tube, 0.1 to 3.0 percent of graphene, 1.0 to 2.0 percent of surfactant and curing agent; the temperature rise is characterized in that: the temperature of the electric heating film is increased by 50 ℃ within 25s under the voltage of 3V; in a non-icing state, the coating has the surface drag reduction performance of a microstructure; when in an icing state, the micro-structure has the dewatering and deicing performances before icing, during icing and after icing, and the surface of the micro-structure has dewatering and rebound water drops before icing; in icing, the microstructure surface delays icing; after icing, the film has low-voltage electrothermal effect, reduces the adhesion of ice and the surface, and has quick deicing performance;
further, the prepared microstructure has the following shape, distribution and scale characteristics: microstructure shapes include, but are not limited to, unidirectional, bidirectional pi and delta shapes; the microstructure distribution comprises a periodic or non-periodic distribution; the microstructure size is 0.5-400 microns; the integral dimension of the integrated film is 300mm multiplied by 400 mm;
further, the integrated film is characterized in that: the average drag reduction rate under the subsonic condition is more than 5 percent; the static water contact angle reaches more than 150 ℃; at a voltage of 3V, the surface ice adhesion decreased to below 70KPa in 44 s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the integrated film has the functions of resistance reduction, dewatering/deicing and the like, and has the resistance reduction performance of the microstructure surface in a non-icing state; when in an icing state, the micro-structure has the dewatering and deicing performances before icing, during icing and after icing, and the surface of the micro-structure has dewatering and rebound water drops before icing; in icing, the microstructure surface delays icing; after icing, the film has low-voltage electrothermal effect, reduces the adhesion of ice and the surface, and has quick deicing performance. The invention directly prepares the microstructure on the electric heating film, thoroughly solves the defects of easy falling and failure of the traditional super-hydrophobic coating caused by spraying on one hand, and solves the problems of temperature mismatching and uneven transmission caused by multilayer compounding of the existing anti-icing/deicing system on the other hand, and has simple process and wide industrialized application prospect.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a novel drag reducing, hydrophobic/deicing integrated film of the present invention; wherein, (a) the unidirectional pi-shaped microstructure; (b) a bidirectional pi-shaped microstructure; (c) a unidirectional delta-shaped microstructure; (d) a bi-directional delta shaped microstructure;
FIG. 2 electrothermal film microstructure; wherein, (a) SEM pictures; (b) schematic three-dimensional structure of CNT/GNPs;
FIG. 3 is a laser etched microstructure on a surface of a thin film; wherein (a) the monolithic structure; (b) a local microstructure; (c) schematic diagram of microstructure dimensions
FIG. 4 electrothermal behavior of the film; wherein, (a) a thermal temperature image; (b) temperature versus time;
FIG. 5 is a schematic of film drag reduction, hydrophobicity/deicing; (a) testing the resistance reducing performance; (b) testing the hydrophobic property; (c) testing the deicing performance; (d) ice adhesion change curve.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
With reference to fig. 1 to 5, the present invention includes: an electrothermal film 1 and a microstructure 2. Microstructures with different shapes, different distributions and different scales are directly prepared on the surface of the electrothermal film 1 to form an integrated multifunctional film with the characteristics of resistance reduction and hydrophobicity/deicing.
The low-voltage rapid heating electric heating film 1 comprises, but is not limited to, epoxy resin, PMIA, PDMs, carbon nanotubes, graphene and the like, and the mass percentage content thereof is as follows: 88 to 98.8 percent of polymer, 0.1 to 7.0 percent of carbon nano tube, 0.1 to 3.0 percent of graphene and 1.0 to 2.0 percent of surfactant and curing agent. The temperature rise is characterized in that: the temperature of the electrothermal film is increased by 50 ℃ in 25s at a voltage of 3V.
The shapes of the prepared microstructures 2 include, but are not limited to, pi and Δ, unidirectional, bidirectional; the microstructure distribution comprises a periodic or non-periodic distribution; the dimension of the microstructure is 0.5-400 microns, and the dimension of the integral film is 300mm multiplied by 400 mm.
The drag reduction, hydrophobic/deicing integrated film is characterized in that: the average drag reduction rate under the subsonic condition is more than 5 percent; the static water contact angle reaches more than 150 ℃; at a voltage of 3V, the surface ice adhesion decreased to below 70KPa in 44 s.
Adding Triton X-100 surfactant into acetone solvent to prepare acetone/surfactant organic solvent, dispersing CNTs particles in organic solution in a mechanical stirring mode, applying ultrasonic cavitation dispersion for 8 hours to CNTs/acetone/surfactant suspension to obtain uniform CNT @ X dispersion liquid, and pouring the uniformly stirred mixture of GNPs and polymer into the CNT @ X dispersion liquid. And finally, standing the mixture for 3 hours in a vacuum environment for defoaming treatment, adding a curing agent into the mixture according to a proportion, mechanically stirring uniformly, and pouring into a mold to prepare the CNT/GNPs three-dimensional structure electric heating film. By a laser precision processing technology, unidirectional and bidirectional pi-shaped and delta-shaped microstructures are etched on the surface of an electrothermal film with the thickness of 300mm multiplied by 400mm, the microstructures are periodically or non-periodically distributed, and the size of the microstructures is 0.5-400 microns, so that the integrated film with the characteristics of resistance reduction, hydrophobicity and deicing is formed.
The integrated film is adhered to the surface of an aircraft, when the aircraft flies normally, on one hand, secondary vortexes are generated between the microstructures under the action of air and the surface microstructures 2, the generation and development of the secondary vortexes weaken the strength of flow direction vortex pairs and reduce the friction resistance, and on the other hand, when the aircraft flies in a cold environment, supercooled water drops fall on the surface of the microstructures, and the icing prevention effect is achieved by utilizing the hydrophobic and water drop rebounding effect of the surface 2 of the microstructures; when the environment continues to be severe, the supercooled water drops are adhered to the surface 2 of the microstructure, and the delayed icing effect of the surface 2 of the microstructure is utilized to play a role in delaying icing; when water drops are frozen on the surface 2 of the microstructure to form an ice layer, the film 1 and the microstructure 2 are heated simultaneously based on the electric heating effect of the film, so that the adhesive force between the surface of the microstructure and the ice layer is greatly reduced and reduced, and the ice layer is separated from the surface 2 of the microstructure under the action of a small external force. The micro-structure surfaces 2 with different shapes, different distributions and different scales are directly prepared on the surface of the electric heating film 1, and the multifunctional characteristics of resistance reduction, hydrophobicity/deicing and the like of the integrated film are realized by utilizing the resistance reduction of the micro-structure surfaces 2, the hydrophobicity and the electric heating effect of the electric heating film 1 and the micro-structure surfaces 2, so that the resistance reduction, hydrophobicity/deicing effect of the aircraft are improved.
The integrated film is directly prepared on the surface of the electric heating film by adopting a laser precision processing technology, the surface of the microstructure has the same electric heating performance as the electric heating film, the defects of easy falling and uneven heat transfer of a spraying process are eliminated, and the problem of temperature mismatching caused by multilayer compounding is thoroughly solved; the integrated film has the multifunctional effects of resistance reduction, dewatering/deicing and the like, is simple in process, and is suitable for industrial and engineering application.
Claims (3)
1. A novel anti-drag, hydrophobic/deicing integrated film is characterized in that microstructures with different shapes, different distributions and different scales are directly prepared on a low-voltage rapid-heating electrothermal film;
the electric heating film material is epoxy resin, PMIA and PDMs; the mass percentage content is as follows: 88 to 98.8 percent of polymer, 0.1 to 7.0 percent of filling material of carbon nano tube, 0.1 to 3.0 percent of graphene, 1.0 to 2.0 percent of surfactant and curing agent; the temperature rise is characterized in that: the temperature of the electric heating film is increased by 50 ℃ within 25s under the voltage of 3V; in a non-icing state, the coating has the surface drag reduction performance of a microstructure; when in an icing state, the micro-structure has the dewatering and deicing performances before icing, during icing and after icing, and the surface of the micro-structure has dewatering and rebound water drops before icing; in icing, the microstructure surface delays icing; after icing, the film has low-voltage electrothermal effect, reduces the adhesion of ice and the surface, and has quick deicing performance.
2. The novel drag reducing, hydrophobic/deicing integrated film as claimed in claim 1, wherein said prepared microstructure shape, distribution and scale characteristics are: microstructure shapes include, but are not limited to, unidirectional, bidirectional pi and delta shapes; the microstructure distribution comprises a periodic or non-periodic distribution; the microstructure size is 0.5-400 microns; the integral dimension of the integrated film is 300mm multiplied by 400 mm.
3. The novel drag reducing, hydrophobic/deicing integrated film of claim 1, wherein said integrated film is characterized by: the average drag reduction rate under the subsonic condition is more than 5 percent; the static water contact angle reaches more than 150 ℃; at a voltage of 3V, the surface ice adhesion decreased to below 70KPa in 44 s.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111613730.5A CN114369336B (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2021-12-27 | Drag-reducing, hydrophobic/deicing integrated film |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111613730.5A CN114369336B (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2021-12-27 | Drag-reducing, hydrophobic/deicing integrated film |
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| CN114369336A true CN114369336A (en) | 2022-04-19 |
| CN114369336B CN114369336B (en) | 2023-07-21 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115195241A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-10-18 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | In-situ wettability conversion structure, preparation method thereof and liquid drop dynamic control platform prepared by same |
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| CN108395752A (en) * | 2018-03-24 | 2018-08-14 | 厦门中凯新材石墨烯科技有限公司 | Coating and preparation method thereof is applied in a kind of graphene anticorrosion |
| CN108454816A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-08-28 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of anti-deicing covering of novel micro nanometer body structure surface |
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2021
- 2021-12-27 CN CN202111613730.5A patent/CN114369336B/en active Active
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| CN101704410A (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2010-05-12 | 上海交通大学 | Nano superhydrophobic surface used for airplane antifreezing and deicing and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115195241A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-10-18 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | In-situ wettability conversion structure, preparation method thereof and liquid drop dynamic control platform prepared by same |
| CN115195241B (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2023-12-12 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | In-situ wettability conversion structure, preparation method thereof and liquid drop dynamic control platform prepared by same |
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