CN114368703A - Elevator machine brake control - Google Patents

Elevator machine brake control Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114368703A
CN114368703A CN202111431396.1A CN202111431396A CN114368703A CN 114368703 A CN114368703 A CN 114368703A CN 202111431396 A CN202111431396 A CN 202111431396A CN 114368703 A CN114368703 A CN 114368703A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
actuators
load
brake controller
elevator
determined load
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202111431396.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
卫伟
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Otis Elevator Co
Original Assignee
Otis Elevator Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Otis Elevator Co filed Critical Otis Elevator Co
Publication of CN114368703A publication Critical patent/CN114368703A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/34—Details, e.g. call counting devices, data transmission from car to control system, devices giving information to the control system
    • B66B1/36—Means for stopping the cars, cages, or skips at predetermined levels
    • B66B1/44—Means for stopping the cars, cages, or skips at predetermined levels and for taking account of disturbance factors, e.g. variation of load weight
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D5/00—Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
    • B66D5/02—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes
    • B66D5/24—Operating devices
    • B66D5/30—Operating devices electrical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/24—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
    • B66B1/28—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical
    • B66B1/32—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical effective on braking devices, e.g. acting on electrically controlled brakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/34—Details, e.g. call counting devices, data transmission from car to control system, devices giving information to the control system
    • B66B1/3476—Load weighing or car passenger counting devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/14—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions in case of excessive loads
    • B66B5/145—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions in case of excessive loads electrical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D5/00—Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
    • B66D5/02—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes
    • B66D5/12—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes with axial effect
    • B66D5/14—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes with axial effect embodying discs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D5/00—Impulse couplings, i.e. couplings that alternately accelerate and decelerate the driven member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D59/00—Self-acting brakes, e.g. coming into operation at a predetermined speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2123/00—Multiple operation forces

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Elevator Control (AREA)

Abstract

An illustrative example embodiment of an elevator braking device includes a braking member configured to move into a braking position to prevent movement of an elevator car associated with the braking device. A plurality of actuators are associated with the brake member and are selectively controllable to apply a force to move the brake member into the braking position. A brake controller determines a number of the actuators to activate based on the determined load of the elevator car associated with the braking device.

Description

Elevator machine brake control
The application is a divisional application of a patent application 'elevator machine brake control' (application number: 201810090696.X, applicant: Olympus Elevator company) with the application date of 2018, 1 month and 30 days.
Technical Field
The present invention relates to elevator machine brake control, and more particularly to elevator braking devices, methods of operating elevator braking devices, and elevator systems including elevator braking devices.
Background
Elevator systems include various devices for controlling movement of an elevator car. The elevator machine provides a force for moving the elevator car. Controlling operation of the machine is sufficient to accelerate and decelerate the elevator car between the stations in response to elevator calls. A machine brake is typically applied when the elevator is stationary at the landing to help hold the car in a desired position.
To solve the situation where the machine for some reason cannot control the movement of the elevator car, the elevator system comprises an emergency stop device, called a safety device. Many such stopping devices engage the guide rails to prevent the elevator car from moving in an undesirable manner. In some elevator systems, a machine brake associated with an elevator machine may be applied during an emergency stop. Given that the elevator car may move at an undesirably high speed just prior to an emergency stop, the forces associated with the emergency stop may cause discomfort and uneasiness to passengers.
Disclosure of Invention
An illustrative example embodiment of an elevator braking device includes a braking member configured to move into a braking position to prevent movement of an elevator car associated with the braking device. A plurality of actuators are associated with the brake member and are selectively controllable to apply a force to move the brake member into the braking position. A brake controller determines a number of the actuators to activate based on the determined load of the elevator car associated with the braking device.
In another non-limiting embodiment having one or more features of the apparatus of the preceding paragraph, the brake controller activates a first number of the actuators when the determined load is within a predetermined range. The brake controller activates a second, greater number of the actuators when the determined load is above the predetermined range.
In another non-limiting embodiment having one or more features of the apparatus of any of the preceding paragraphs, the plurality of actuators consists of four actuators. The brake controller activates at least two of the actuators when the determined load is within the predetermined range. The brake controller activates at least three of the actuators when the determined load is above the predetermined range.
In another non-limiting implementation having one or more features of the apparatus of any of the preceding paragraphs, the brake controller activates four of the actuators whenever the determined load is above the predetermined range.
In another non-limiting embodiment having one or more features of the apparatus of any of the preceding paragraphs, the brake controller activates all of the actuators when the determined load is between 50% and 100% of a maximum working load of the elevator car associated with the brake apparatus. The brake controller activates three quarters of the actuator when the determined load is between 50% and 25% of the maximum operating load. The brake controller activates one-half of the actuator when the determined load is less than 25% of the maximum operating load.
In another non-limiting embodiment having one or more features of the apparatus as recited in any of the preceding paragraphs, the brake controller activates a determined number of actuators in an emergency stop mode.
In another non-limiting embodiment having one or more features of the apparatus of any of the preceding paragraphs, the brake member is configured to engage a rotatable surface that rotates with movement of the elevator car associated with the brake apparatus, and the actuator comprises a caliper.
The invention discloses a method of operating an elevator braking device comprising a plurality of actuators associated with braking members, the method comprising, among other things: determining a load of an elevator car associated with the elevator braking device; selecting a number of said actuators to operate to move said brake member into a braking position based on said determined load; and activating the selected number of actuators to move the braking member into the braking position.
In another non-limiting embodiment having one or more features of the method of the preceding paragraph, the method includes activating a first number of the actuators when the determined load is within a predetermined range, and activating a second, larger number of the actuators when the determined load is above the predetermined range.
In another non-limiting embodiment having one or more features of the method as recited in any of the preceding paragraphs, the plurality of actuators consists of four actuators. The method comprises the following steps: the brake controller activates at least two of the actuators when the determined load is within the predetermined range; and the brake controller activates at least three of the actuators when the determined load is above the predetermined range.
In another non-limiting embodiment having one or more features of the method of any of the preceding paragraphs, the method includes activating four of the actuators whenever the determined load is above the predetermined range.
In another non-limiting embodiment having one or more features of the method as recited in any of the preceding paragraphs, the method comprises: activating all of the actuators when the determined load is between 50% and 100% of a maximum operating load of the elevator car associated with the braking device; activating three quarters of the actuator when the determined load is between 50% and 25% of the maximum operating load; and activating one-half of the actuator when the determined load is less than 25% of the maximum operating load.
In another non-limiting embodiment having one or more features of the method of any of the preceding paragraphs, the method includes activating the determined number of actuators in an emergency stop mode.
An elevator system according to another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure includes, among other things: an elevator car; and an elevator drive machine that provides a force for moving the elevator car. The elevator drive machine includes a rotatable member associated with the elevator car such that the rotatable member rotates with vertical movement of the elevator car. The elevator drive machine includes a brake member configured to selectively engage the rotatable member, the elevator drive machine including a plurality of actuators that selectively move the brake member into engagement with the rotatable member. A brake controller determines a number of the actuators to activate based on the determined load of the elevator car.
In another non-limiting embodiment having one or more features of the system of the preceding paragraph, the brake controller activates a first number of the actuators when the determined load is within a predetermined range, and activates a second, greater number of the actuators when the determined load is above the predetermined range.
In another non-limiting embodiment having one or more features of the system as recited in any of the preceding paragraphs, the plurality of actuators consists of four actuators. The brake controller activates at least two of the actuators when the determined load is within the predetermined range, and activates at least three of the actuators when the determined load is above the predetermined range.
In another non-limiting implementation having one or more features of the system of any of the preceding paragraphs, the brake controller activates four of the actuators whenever the determined load is above the predetermined range.
In another non-limiting embodiment having one or more features of the system of any of the preceding paragraphs, the brake controller activates all of the actuators when the determined load is between 50% and 100% of a maximum operating load of the elevator car. The brake controller activates three quarters of the actuator when the determined load is between 50% and 25% of the maximum operating load. The brake controller activates one-half of the actuator when the determined load is less than 25% of the maximum operating load.
In another non-limiting embodiment having one or more features of the system as in any of the preceding paragraphs, the brake controller activates a determined number of actuators in an emergency stop mode.
In another non-limiting embodiment having one or more features of the system of any of the preceding paragraphs, a load detector on the elevator car provides an indication of the load to the brake controller.
Various features and advantages of at least one disclosed example embodiment will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description. The drawings that accompany the detailed description can be briefly described as follows.
Drawings
Figure 1 schematically illustrates an elevator system designed according to an embodiment of this invention.
Fig. 2 schematically illustrates selected portions of an elevator system including an example braking device.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart summarizing an example brake control technique.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention provide for customized control of deceleration and braking forces associated with an emergency stop in an elevator system. The braking control is based on the current load of the elevator car and the resulting braking force is less likely to cause discomfort or uneasiness to the passengers in the elevator car.
Fig. 1 schematically illustrates selected portions of an elevator system 20. In this example, the elevator car 22 is selectively movable based on operation of the elevator machine 24 for providing elevator service between various landings. The elevator machine 24 rotates the traction sheave 26 to move the roping arrangement 28 when movement of the elevator car 22 is desired. Although a traction-based elevator system is shown in fig. 1 as an example embodiment, the present invention is not necessarily limited to only traction-based elevator systems.
A braking device 30 is associated with the elevator machine 24. The braking device 30 can be used to help keep the elevator car 22 stationary while parked at a landing. The braking device 30 in this example is also useful for emergency stops when the elevator machine 24 for some reason cannot maintain the desired control of elevator car 22 movement.
The brake controller 32 operates the brake 30 in a manner that controls the deceleration and force associated with the emergency stop during which the brake 30 is applied to prevent movement of the elevator car 22. The brake controller 32 utilizes information regarding the load of the elevator car 22 for the purpose of customized control of the brake devices 30. In the illustrated example, the load sensor 34 provides an indication of the load of the elevator car 22 to the brake controller 32. The brake controller 32 determines how to operate the brake device 30 based on the load information.
The brake controller 32 includes a computing device, such as a microprocessor, suitably programmed or otherwise configured to perform brake control as described in this document. In some embodiments, the brake controller 32 is a separate or dedicated device. In other cases, the brake controller 32 is part of an elevator drive or electronics that is also used to control the machine 24.
Fig. 2 schematically illustrates selected portions of an example elevator system 20. In this example, the braking device 30 includes a braking member 40, such as a machine brake disc. The plurality of brake actuators 42, 44, 46, and 48, respectively, apply a force to the brake member 40 to move the brake member 40 into a braking position in which the brake member 40 engages a portion of the elevator machine 24 to prevent movement of the elevator car 22. In this example, the braking member 40 engages a rotatable member of the elevator machine 24 and prevents rotation of this member of the machine 24, thereby preventing movement of the elevator car 22.
In this example, the actuators 42-48 comprise brake calipers, and the brake device 30 operates as a disc brake type device. Other embodiments include different configurations of the braking device 30.
The brake controller 32 obtains information about the load of the elevator car 22 from the load sensor 34. The brake controller 32 selects a certain number of the actuators 42-48 to activate to apply the selected braking force to produce a corresponding level of deceleration of the elevator car 22 during the emergency stop. In this example, the elevator controller 32 is programmed to identify whether the load of the elevator car 22 is within a predetermined range. When the load is within this range, the controller 32 activates the first number of actuators 42-48. If the load is outside this range and greater than the upper limit of the range, the brake controller 32 activates a second, greater number of actuators 42-48. In some examples, the brake controller 32 activates all of the actuators 42-48 when the load is outside of a predetermined range.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart summarizing one particular implementation. In this example, the brake controller 32 is programmed to use a plurality of ranges and different numbers of actuators depending on the appropriate position of the current load of the elevator car 22 within the ranges.
In fig. 3, at 50, the elevator controller 32 determines the load of the elevator car 22. In this example, the load determination is made each time the elevator car leaves a landing.
At 52, the brake controller 32 determines whether the current load on the elevator car 22 is less than or equal to 25% of the maximum rated operating load of the elevator car 22. If so, the controller 32 determines that one-half of the actuators will be activated in the emergency stop condition, as shown at 54.
Assuming the load is greater than 25% of the rated operational load, the controller 32 determines at 56 whether the load is between 25% and 50% of the rated operational load. If so, the controller 32 selects three quarters of the actuators to activate in the event of an emergency stop at 58.
In the example of fig. 3, the controller 32 determines at 60 whether the current load of the elevator car 22 is greater than or equal to 50% of the maximum operating load. In this condition, the controller 32 selects all of the actuators for the purpose of applying the machine brakes during an emergency stop, as shown at 62.
The manner in which the load of the elevator car corresponds to a certain number of brake actuators can vary between different elevator systems. In view of this description, those skilled in the art will recognize how to select an appropriate load threshold or range and a corresponding number of brake actuators so that the brake actuators can be appropriately programmed to meet their particular needs.
The disclosed example embodiments, as well as other embodiments, provide for selective control of operation of the machine brakes during an emergency stop condition. The amount of braking force and deceleration is selectively controlled in dependence on the current load of the elevator car. Such brake control allows reducing the forces experienced by passengers in the elevator car during an emergency stop.
The preceding description is exemplary rather than limiting in nature. Variations and modifications to the disclosed examples may become apparent to those skilled in the art that do not necessarily depart from the essence of this invention. The scope of legal protection given to this invention can only be determined by studying the following claims.

Claims (20)

1. An elevator braking apparatus, comprising:
a braking member configured to move into a braking position to prevent movement of an elevator car associated with the braking device;
a plurality of actuators associated with the brake member, the actuators being selectively controllable to apply a force to move the brake member into the braking position; and
a brake controller that determines a number of the actuators to activate based on a determined load of the elevator car associated with the braking device.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein
The brake controller activating a first number of the actuators when the determined load is within a predetermined range; and is
The brake controller activates a second, greater number of the actuators when the determined load is above the predetermined range.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein
The plurality of actuators consists of four actuators;
the brake controller activates at least two of the actuators when the determined load is within the predetermined range; and is
The brake controller activates at least three of the actuators when the determined load is above the predetermined range.
4. A device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the brake controller activates four of the actuators whenever the determined load is above the predetermined range.
5. The device of claim 1, wherein
The brake controller activates all of the actuators when the determined load is between 50% and 100% of a maximum operating load of the elevator car associated with the braking device;
the brake controller activates three quarters of the actuator when the determined load is between 50% and 25% of the maximum operating load;
the brake controller activates one-half of the actuator when the determined load is less than 25% of the maximum operating load.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the brake controller activates a determined number of actuators in an emergency stop mode.
7. The device of claim 1, wherein
The braking member is configured to engage a rotatable surface that rotates with movement of the elevator car associated with the braking device; and is
The actuator includes a caliper.
8. A method of operating an elevator braking device including a plurality of actuators associated with a braking member, the method comprising:
determining a load of an elevator car associated with the elevator braking device;
selecting a number of said actuators to operate to move said brake member into a braking position based on said determined load; and
activating the selected number of actuators to move the braking member into the braking position.
9. The method of claim 8, the method comprising:
activating a first number of the actuators when the determined load is within a predetermined range; and
activating a second, greater number of the actuators when the determined load is above the predetermined range.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the plurality of actuators consists of four actuators and the method comprises
Activating at least two of the actuators when the determined load is within the predetermined range; and
activating at least three of the actuators when the determined load is above the predetermined range.
11. The method of claim 10, comprising activating four of the actuators whenever the determined load is above the predetermined range.
12. The method of claim 8, the method comprising:
activating all of the actuators when the determined load is between 50% and 100% of a maximum operating load of the elevator car associated with the braking device;
activating three quarters of the actuator when the determined load is between 50% and 25% of the maximum operating load;
activating one-half of the actuator when the determined load is less than 25% of the maximum operating load.
13. The method of claim 8, comprising activating a determined number of actuators in an emergency stop mode.
14. An elevator system, the elevator system comprising:
an elevator car;
an elevator drive machine that provides a force for moving the elevator car, the elevator drive machine including a rotatable member associated with the elevator car such that the rotatable member rotates with vertical movement of the elevator car, the elevator drive machine including a braking member configured to selectively engage the rotatable member, the elevator drive machine including a plurality of actuators that selectively move the braking member into engagement with the rotatable member; and
a brake controller that determines a number of the actuators to activate based on a determined load of the elevator car.
15. The system of claim 14, wherein
The brake controller activating a first number of the actuators when the determined load is within a predetermined range; and is
The brake controller activates a second, greater number of the actuators when the determined load is above the predetermined range.
16. The system of claim 15, wherein
The plurality of actuators consists of four actuators;
the brake controller activates at least two of the actuators when the determined load is within the predetermined range; and is
The brake controller activates at least three of the actuators when the determined load is above the predetermined range.
17. A system according to claim 16, wherein the brake controller activates four of the actuators whenever the determined load is above the predetermined range.
18. The system of claim 14, wherein
The brake controller activates all of the actuators when the determined load is between 50% and 100% of a maximum operating load of the elevator car;
the brake controller activates three quarters of the actuator when the determined load is between 50% and 25% of the maximum operating load;
the brake controller activates one-half of the actuator when the determined load is less than 25% of the maximum operating load.
19. A system according to claim 14, wherein the brake controller activates a determined number of actuators in an emergency stop mode.
20. The system of claim 14, comprising
A load detector on the elevator car for providing an indication of the load to the brake controller.
CN202111431396.1A 2017-01-30 2018-01-30 Elevator machine brake control Pending CN114368703A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15/419332 2017-01-30
US15/419,332 US10207896B2 (en) 2017-01-30 2017-01-30 Elevator machine brake control
CN201810090696.XA CN108373123A (en) 2017-01-30 2018-01-30 Elevator machine control for brake

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201810090696.XA Division CN108373123A (en) 2017-01-30 2018-01-30 Elevator machine control for brake

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114368703A true CN114368703A (en) 2022-04-19

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CN201810090696.XA Pending CN108373123A (en) 2017-01-30 2018-01-30 Elevator machine control for brake
CN202111431396.1A Pending CN114368703A (en) 2017-01-30 2018-01-30 Elevator machine brake control

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US (1) US10207896B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3354611A1 (en)
KR (1) KR20180089285A (en)
CN (2) CN108373123A (en)
AU (1) AU2018200294B2 (en)
HK (1) HK1259339A1 (en)

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AU2018200294A1 (en) 2018-08-16
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US10207896B2 (en) 2019-02-19

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