CN114367033A - Artificial heart with interchangeable inner cavity volume and control method thereof - Google Patents
Artificial heart with interchangeable inner cavity volume and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114367033A CN114367033A CN202210008803.6A CN202210008803A CN114367033A CN 114367033 A CN114367033 A CN 114367033A CN 202210008803 A CN202210008803 A CN 202210008803A CN 114367033 A CN114367033 A CN 114367033A
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- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
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- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
- A61M60/122—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body
- A61M60/196—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body replacing the entire heart, e.g. total artificial hearts [TAH]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/20—Type thereof
- A61M60/247—Positive displacement blood pumps
- A61M60/253—Positive displacement blood pumps including a displacement member directly acting on the blood
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/40—Details relating to driving
- A61M60/424—Details relating to driving for positive displacement blood pumps
- A61M60/457—Details relating to driving for positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being magnetic
- A61M60/462—Electromagnetic force
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/40—Details relating to driving
- A61M60/465—Details relating to driving for devices for mechanical circulatory actuation
- A61M60/489—Details relating to driving for devices for mechanical circulatory actuation the force acting on the actuation means being magnetic
- A61M60/495—Electromagnetic force
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an inner cavity volume interchangeable artificial heart and a control method thereof, the artificial heart comprises an artificial heart main body, a signal receiver and an external drive device, the artificial heart main body comprises an outer shell, hard magnetic films and flexible magnetic films, the polarity directions of the hard magnetic films on two sides are always opposite, the polarity directions of the flexible magnetic films or the hard magnetic films on two sides are periodically changed, so that the flexible magnetic films are periodically attracted by the hard magnetic films with the same polarity direction to deform, the flexible magnetic films and the hard magnetic films on two sides of the flexible magnetic films divide the inner part of the outer shell into two atrium-like cavities provided with venous check valves and two ventricle-like cavities provided with arterial check valves, blood in the atrium-like cavities on two sides is alternately extruded and pumped out in a mode that the flexible magnetic films are alternately attracted by the hard magnetic films on two sides, no friction loss exists between the flexible second magnetic films and the hard magnetic films, and the service life of the artificial heart is prolonged, and the structure is safe and reliable, and the potential safety hazard of polluting blood does not exist.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical artificial hearts, in particular to an inner cavity volume interchangeable artificial heart and a control method thereof.
Background
The heart, one of the most important organs for life maintenance, continuously sends blood to the whole body by continuously contracting and relaxing. The heart beats about 30 hundred million times in a life, and works continuously every minute and second, so that the heart also has problems of different degrees. The treatment of heart disease is a major problem worldwide. When the heart is aged or has a severe heart disease, artificial heart transplantation becomes an effective method for life support, and therefore, it is very important to study the artificial heart.
The artificial heart is the most advanced medical instrument in the medical field at present, has a very wide technical coverage and is the forefront benchmark of the medical instrument technology. The existing artificial heart is a power pump in terms of function. However, most of the existing artificial hearts have rotating structures such as motors and rotating shafts. But the problems of difficult monitoring, friction and abrasion, blood coagulation and the like exist in the use of the medical instrument, so that the use time of the medical instrument is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an artificial heart with interchangeable inner cavity volume and a control method thereof, and aims to solve the technical problem that the service life of the artificial heart is influenced by mechanical wear in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention specifically provides the following technical scheme:
an inner cavity volume interchangeable artificial heart comprises a flexible magnetic film and an outer shell, wherein the flexible magnetic film is arranged in the outer shell, the inner part of the outer shell is separated by the flexible magnetic film to form two comprehensive function cavities which are not communicated with each other, a hard magnetic film which is arranged in a positive phase opposite to the flexible magnetic film is arranged on the cavity wall of each comprehensive function cavity, the comprehensive function cavities are separated by the hard magnetic film to form two single function cavities which are communicated with each other, and one-way valves are arranged in the two single function cavities to enable the single flow fields to be formed in the comprehensive function cavities on the same side;
the hard magnetic films or the flexible magnetic films on the two sides generate magnetism through current, the polarities of the hard magnetic films on the two sides are always opposite, the polarity of the flexible magnetic film is the same as that of any hard magnetic film, the flexible magnetic film deforms and protrudes towards the hard magnetic film with the same polarity under the action of electromagnetic force of the hard magnetic films on the two sides, so that blood in the comprehensive function cavity on the corresponding side is pumped out of the shell from one single function cavity due to pressure increase, and the current direction of the current led into the hard magnetic films or the flexible magnetic films on the two sides is changed periodically.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the present invention further includes an external driving device and a signal receiver, wherein the external driving device inputs a current with a current direction periodically changing to the hard magnetic film or the flexible magnetic film on both sides through the signal receiver.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the two single-function chambers on the same side are communicated with each other through a gap, the gap is located between the hard magnetic film and the inner wall of the outer casing, and the gap is located below the hard magnetic film, which is far away from the two check valves.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the flow field direction in the comprehensive functional cavity on the same side is from the single functional cavity on the outer side to the single functional cavity on the inner side close to the flexible magnetic film.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the in vitro driving device is electrically connected to the flexible magnetic film through the signal receiver, the hard magnetic films on the two sides have permanent magnets, and the polarities of the permanent magnets of the hard magnetic films on the two sides are opposite;
the flexible magnetic film comprises a flexible electronic device, a plurality of flexible coils arranged on the flexible electronic device and a first adhesive film wrapping the flexible electronic device and the plurality of flexible coils, and the flexible electronic device is electrically connected with the signal receiver.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the flexible magnetic film is divided into a plurality of regions according to a sequence of distance from the hard magnetic film, and each of the regions has the flexible coil connected to a corresponding circuit on the flexible electronic device.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the hard magnetic film includes a titanium alloy frame, a permanent magnet, and a second adhesive film, the permanent magnet is inserted into the titanium alloy frame, and the titanium alloy frame and the permanent magnet are wrapped and encapsulated by the second adhesive film.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the signal receiver includes an induction coil, an internal control chip, and a wire, an input end of the wire is electrically connected to the induction coil through the internal control chip, and an output end of the wire is electrically connected to the flexible electronic device.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the extracorporeal drive device includes a transmitting coil, a power supply and an external control module, the transmitting coil is electrically connected to the power supply through the external control module, the transmitting coil is attached to the skin, and the induction coil is implanted in the subcutaneous superficial layer in a coaxial state with the transmitting coil.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the in vitro driving device is electrically connected to the hard magnetic films at two sides through the signal receiver, and the flexible magnetic film is a flexible structure wrapped with a flexible permanent magnet;
the hard magnetic film comprises a titanium alloy frame, an electromagnetic coil and a second adhesive film, the electromagnetic coil is embedded in the titanium alloy frame, the second adhesive film wraps the titanium alloy frame and the outside of the electromagnetic coil, the electromagnetic coil is electrically connected with the internal control chip, and the directions of magnetic fields generated by currents conducted to the electromagnetic coil of the hard magnetic film on two sides are opposite.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the flexible magnetic film includes a flexible electronic device, a plurality of flexible coils mounted on the flexible electronic device, and a first adhesive film wrapping the flexible electronic device and the plurality of flexible coils, and the flexible electronic device is electrically connected to the signal receiver;
the hard magnetic film comprises a titanium alloy frame, an electromagnetic coil and a second adhesive film, the electromagnetic coil is embedded in the titanium alloy frame, the second adhesive film wraps the titanium alloy frame and the electromagnetic coil, and the directions of magnetic fields generated by currents introduced into the electromagnetic coil of the hard magnetic film on two sides are opposite.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the outer shell comprises a titanium alloy shell and a third adhesive film wrapped on the inner wall and the outer wall of the titanium alloy shell.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the second adhesive film, the first adhesive film, and the third adhesive film are made of a medical flexible polymer material.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention further provides the following technical solutions:
a control method of an inner cavity volume interchangeable artificial heart comprises the following steps:
s100, inputting forward current to a flexible magnetic film and a hard magnetic film through a signal receiver by an extracorporeal drive device, so that the flexible magnetic film is attracted by the hard magnetic film on a first side, the flexible magnetic film extrudes and pumps blood in a first side ventricle cavity by blowing towards the first side ventricle cavity, and negative pressure is generated inside a second side ventricle cavity, so that the blood in the second side atrium cavity is sucked into the second side ventricle cavity;
s200, the extracorporeal drive device inputs reverse current to the flexible magnetic film through the signal receiver or synchronously changes the magnetic pole directions of the hard magnetic films on two sides, so that the flexible magnetic film is attracted by the hard magnetic film on the second side, the flexible magnetic film extrudes and pumps blood sucked in the chamber cavity of the second side chamber by blowing towards the chamber cavity of the second side chamber, and negative pressure is generated inside the chamber cavity of the first side chamber, so that the blood in the chamber cavity of the first side chamber is sucked into the chamber cavity of the first side chamber;
s300, repeating the steps S100 to S200 periodically at a beating frequency simulating a natural heart.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the first-side ventricle-like chamber is the single-function chamber located inside of the complex-function chambers on one side, the first-side atrium-like chamber is the single-function chamber located outside of the complex-function chambers on one side, the second-side ventricle-like chamber is the single-function chamber located inside of the complex-function chambers on the other side, and the second-side atrium-like chamber is the single-function chamber located outside of the complex-function chambers on the other side.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the extracorporeal drive device supplies power to the flexible magnetic film through the signal receiver and controls the polarity of the flexible magnetic film to be periodically changed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention separates the inner part of the outer shell into a left atrium-like cavity, a left ventricle-like cavity, a right atrium-like cavity and a right ventricle-like cavity by the flexible magnetic film and the hard magnetic films positioned at two sides of the flexible magnetic film, and the atrium-like cavity and the ventricle-like cavity are respectively provided with the vein check valve and the artery check valve, thereby simulating the structure of the natural heart, so that when the flexible magnetic film is alternately attracted by the hard magnetic films at two sides in a set period, the periodicity of the natural heart can be simulated to ensure that the ventricle-like cavities at two sides suck blood from the corresponding atrium-like cavity and pump the blood out, and because the flexible clapboard can simultaneously act on the ventricle-like cavities at two sides, the invention is beneficial to reducing the number of parts and improving the blood pumping efficiency, and no friction loss exists between the flexible second adhesive film and the hard magnetic film, thereby being beneficial to prolonging the service life of the artificial heart, in addition, because of adopting an electromagnetic driving mode, the safety hidden trouble of liquid leakage of the artificial heart of a hydraulic driving type heart is avoided, the structure is safer and more reliable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principles of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the areal distribution of the flexible magnetic film of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a flexible magnetic film according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a hard magnetic film according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a hard magnetic film in a second embodiment of the invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings denote the following, respectively:
1-a flexible magnetic film; 2-hard magnetic film; 3-a one-way valve; 4-an extracorporeal drive device; 5-a signal receiver; 6-outer shell; 7-single function chamber; 8-orifice;
101-flexible electronics; 102-a flexible coil; 103-a first glue film;
201-titanium alloy frame; 202-a permanent magnet; 203-a second adhesive film; 204-an electromagnetic coil;
501-induction coil; 502-internal control chip; 503-conducting wires;
401-a transmitting coil; 402-a power supply; 403-external control module;
601-a titanium alloy shell; 602-third glue film.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides an artificial heart with interchangeable inner cavity volume, which comprises a flexible magnetic film 1 and an outer shell 6, wherein the flexible magnetic film 1 is arranged in the outer shell 6, the outer shell 6 is internally partitioned by the flexible magnetic film 1 to form two integrated function cavities which are not communicated with each other, a hard magnetic film 2 which is arranged in a positive opposite direction to the flexible magnetic film 1 is arranged on the cavity wall of each integrated function cavity, the integrated function cavities are partitioned by the hard magnetic film 2 to form two single function cavities 7 which are communicated with each other, and a one-way valve 3 is arranged in each of the two single function cavities 7, so that a one-way flow field is formed in the integrated function cavities on the same side;
the two sides of the hard magnetic films 2 or the flexible magnetic films 1 generate magnetism through current, the polarities of the two sides of the hard magnetic films 2 are opposite all the time, the polarity of the flexible magnetic film 1 is the same as that of any one hard magnetic film 2, the flexible magnetic film 1 deforms and protrudes towards the hard magnetic film 2 with the same polarity under the action of electromagnetic force of the two sides of the hard magnetic films 2, so that blood in the comprehensive function cavity on the corresponding side is pumped out of the outer shell 6 from one single function cavity 7 due to pressure increase, and the current direction of the current led into the two sides of the hard magnetic films 2 or the flexible magnetic films 1 is changed periodically.
For ease of description, in the following, the single-function lumen 7 located on the inner side in the left-side complex-function lumen is denoted by a left-side ventricle-like lumen, the single-function lumen 7 located on the outer side in the left-side complex-function lumen is denoted by a left-side atrium-like lumen, the single-function lumen 7 located on the inner side in the right-side complex-function lumen is denoted by a right-side ventricle-like lumen, and the single-function lumen 7 located on the outer side in the other-side complex-function lumen is denoted by a right-side atrium-like lumen.
The outer shell 6 is similar to the shape and size of a natural heart, and the outer shell 6 comprises a titanium alloy shell 601 and a third adhesive film 602 wrapped on the titanium alloy shell 601, so that the outer shell 6 is ensured to have higher rigidity and meet the implantation requirement. During the implantation of the artificial heart, two interfaces corresponding to the ventricle-like cavities on two sides are respectively connected with the pulmonary artery and the aorta, and two interfaces corresponding to the atrium-like cavities on two sides are respectively connected with the pulmonary vein and the superior and inferior vena cava. After the implantation is completed, the external driving device 4 energizes and controls the flexible magnetic film 1 or the hard magnetic films 2 on both sides through the signal receiver 5, so that the hard magnetic films 2 on both sides attract the flexible magnetic film 1 alternately in a periodic manner. The flexible magnetic film 1 is attracted by the hard magnetic film 2 on one side to bulge towards the similar ventricle cavity on the corresponding side, so that blood in the similar ventricle cavity on the corresponding side is pumped into the corresponding pulmonary artery or aorta, meanwhile, the similar ventricle cavity on the other side forms negative pressure due to volume increase, and the blood in the similar atrium cavity on the same side is sucked by the similar ventricle cavity on the other side. Similarly, when the flexible magnetic film 1 is attracted by the hard magnetic film 2 on the other side, the blood stored in the ventricle-like cavity on the other side is squeezed and pumped out by the flexible magnetic film 1.
In addition, the device also comprises an external driving device 4 and a signal receiver 5, wherein the external driving device 4 inputs current with periodically changed current direction to the hard magnetic film 2 or the flexible magnetic film 1 on two sides through the signal receiver 5.
The invention divides the inner part of the outer shell 6 into a left atrium-like cavity, a left ventricle-like cavity, a right atrium-like cavity and a right ventricle-like cavity by the flexible magnetic film 1 and the hard magnetic films 2 positioned at two sides of the flexible magnetic film 1, and the atrium-like cavity and the ventricle-like cavity are respectively provided with the vein check valve 3 and the artery check valve 3, thereby simulating the structure of the natural heart, so that when the flexible magnetic film 1 is alternately attracted by the hard magnetic films 2 at two sides in a set period, the working process that the ventricle-like cavities at two sides suck blood from the corresponding atrium-like cavity and pump the blood out can be simulated periodically, and because the flexible partition plate can simultaneously act on the atrium-like cavities at two sides, the invention is beneficial to reducing the number of parts and improving the blood pumping efficiency, and no friction loss exists between the flexible second adhesive film 203 and the hard magnetic film 2, thereby being beneficial to prolonging the service life of the artificial heart, in addition, because of adopting an electromagnetic driving mode, the potential safety hazard of leakage of the hydraulic drive type artificial heart is avoided, and the structure is safer and more reliable.
It is further optimized in the above embodiment that the flow field direction in the same-side comprehensive function cavity is from the outer single-function cavity 7 to the inner single-function cavity 7 close to the flexible magnetic film 1, that is, when the flexible second adhesive film 203 is squeezed into the inner single-function cavity 7, under the restriction action of the two check valves 3, the blood pump in the inner single-function cavity 7 is pumped to the pulmonary artery or aorta connected to the outer shell 6, and therefore the blood pump in the outer single-function cavity 7 is not pumped in a manner of pressurizing the inner single-function cavity 7 through the flexible magnetic film 1, because when the blood in the outer single-function cavity 7 is pumped out, the blood in the inner single-function cavity 7 needs to be supplied and supplemented to the outer single-function cavity 7 to balance the pressure of the two single-function cavities 7, but due to the existence of the cavity opening 8, the flow rate of the blood supplied from the inner single-function cavity 7 to the outer single-function cavity 7 per unit time is limited, therefore, when pumping blood, the flow rate of the pumped blood may be limited, the resistance of the pumped blood may be large, even the service life of the components such as the outer shell 6, the hard magnetic film 2, the flexible magnetic film 1 and the one-way valve 3 may be affected because the pressure in the inner single-function cavity 7 is steeply increased relative to the pressure in the outer single-function cavity 7, and the blood in the inner single-function cavity 7 is directly pumped out through the flexible magnetic film 1, and the above disadvantages may not occur because of the interference of the beat-out cavity opening 8.
In the above embodiment, it is further optimized that the cavity opening 8 is located below the hard magnetic film 2 far from the two check valves 3, and the comprehensive function cavity forms a U-shaped flow field through the single function cavities 7 and 8 on both sides, that is, when blood flows in the comprehensive function cavity and passes through the cavity opening 8, the blood will be subjected to an outward centrifugal force at the turning point of the single function cavities 7 on both sides, that is, the cavity opening 8, so that the cavity opening 8 is disposed below the hard magnetic film 2, that is, the cavity opening 8 is formed through a gap formed between the hard magnetic film 2 and the inner wall of the outer shell 6, so as to reduce the resistance of the blood flowing through the cavity opening 8 into the single function cavity 7 on the inner side, and avoid the defect of blood flow disorder in the single function cavities 7 on both sides due to unsmooth flow.
In the first embodiment, the flexible magnetic film 1 is electrically connected to the extracorporeal drive device 4 through the signal receiver 5, and the flexible magnetic film 1 includes a flexible electronic device 101, a plurality of flexible coils 102 installed on the flexible electronic device 101, and a first adhesive film 103 wrapping the flexible electronic device 101 and the plurality of flexible coils 102.
The flexible electronic device 101 adopts a flexible circuit board as a substrate, so that the flexible magnetic film 1 has deformation capability, and the flexible electronic device 101 and the flexible coil 102 are wrapped with a first adhesive film 103 with elastic deformation capability, on one hand, the first adhesive film 103 avoids the flexible electronic device 101 and the flexible coil 102 from contacting with blood, on the other hand, when the flexible circuit board is attracted by the hard magnetic film 2 because of the flexible coil 102, the second adhesive film 203 is stretched by the attraction between the flexible coil 102 and the hard magnetic film 2, so as to meet the requirement that the flexible electronic device 101 generates bending deformation, thereby being beneficial to increasing the range of the flexible magnetic film 1 for changing the volumes of the ventricle cavities on both sides, and achieving the purpose of enhancing the performance of the artificial heart. Compared with a flexible circuit board, the flexible magnetic film 1 has the capacity of changing the volume in a pre-bending mode, and the defect that the service life of the flexible electronic device 101 and the service life of the flexible coil 102 are greatly reduced due to the fact that the flexible electronic device 101 which is pre-bent and installed is bent repeatedly and greatly for a long time under the requirement that a large volume change range is needed is avoided.
It is further optimized in the above embodiment that the flexible magnetic film 1 is divided into a plurality of regions according to the sequence of the distance from the hard magnetic film 2, and the plurality of flexible coils 102 in each region are electrically connected to the flexible electronic device 101 through independent circuits.
The movement speed of the flexible diaphragm can be controlled by controlling the current magnitude and the loading time of the flexible coils 102 in different areas, so that the artificial heart can be further facilitated to have different beating frequencies and beating modes by simulating a natural heart to adapt to different states of a human body.
The hard magnetic film 2 comprises a titanium alloy frame 201, a permanent magnet 202 and a second adhesive film 203, wherein the permanent magnet 202 is embedded in the titanium alloy frame 201, and the second adhesive film 203 is wrapped outside the titanium alloy frame 201 and the permanent magnet 202.
The titanium alloy frame 201 is generally a titanium alloy plate with a hollowed-out porous structure, so that the toughness of the titanium alloy frame 201 is increased while the rigidity of the titanium alloy material is kept high, and the release of the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 202 is facilitated.
The signal receiver 5 includes an induction coil 501, an internal control chip 502 and a conducting wire 503, wherein an input end of the conducting wire 503 is electrically connected to the induction coil 501 through the internal control chip 502, and an output end of the conducting wire 503 is electrically connected to a plurality of circuits through the flexible electronic device 101.
Correspondingly, the extracorporeal drive device 4 comprises a transmitting coil 401, a power source 402 and an external control module 403, the transmitting coil 401 and the power source 402 are electrically connected through the external control module 403, the transmitting coil 401 is attached to the skin, and the induction coil 501 is implanted into the subcutaneous superficial layer in a coaxial state with the transmitting coil 401.
In the second embodiment, the in-vitro driving device 4 is electrically connected with the hard magnetic films 2 on the two sides through the signal receiver 5, and the flexible magnetic film 1 is a flexible structure wrapped with a flexible permanent magnet;
the hard magnetic film 2 comprises a titanium alloy frame 201, an electromagnetic coil 204 and a second adhesive film 203, the electromagnetic coil 204 is embedded in the titanium alloy frame 201, the second adhesive film 203 is wrapped outside the titanium alloy frame 201 and the electromagnetic coil 204, the electromagnetic coil 204 is electrically connected with the internal control chip 502, and the directions of magnetic fields generated by currents conducted to the electromagnetic coils 204 of the hard magnetic films 2 on two sides are opposite.
The second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment in principle, except that in the second embodiment, the flexible magnetic film 1 having the characteristics of the permanent magnet 202 is operated by the magnetic conversion of the hard magnetic films 2 on both sides.
Third embodiment, it can be imagined in combination with the first and second embodiments that the flexible magnetic film 1 includes a flexible electronic device 101, a plurality of flexible coils 102 mounted on the flexible electronic device 101, and a first adhesive film 103 wrapping the flexible electronic device 101 and the plurality of flexible coils 102, the flexible electronic device 101 is electrically connected to the signal receiver 5;
the hard magnetic film 2 comprises a titanium alloy frame 201, an electromagnetic coil 204 and a second adhesive film 203, wherein the electromagnetic coil 204 is embedded in the titanium alloy frame 201, the second adhesive film 203 is wrapped outside the titanium alloy frame 201 and the electromagnetic coil 204, and the directions of magnetic fields generated by currents introduced into the electromagnetic coils 204 of the hard magnetic films 2 on two sides are opposite.
Compared with the hard magnetic film 2 which adopts the permanent magnet 202 to provide magnetic force, the hard magnetic film 2 which adopts the electromagnetic coil 204 to provide magnetic force can further reduce the thickness of the hard magnetic film 2, and the sizes of the magnetic fields of the flexible magnetic film 1 and the hard magnetic film 2 can be adjusted by correspondingly changing the current intensity, thereby avoiding the condition that the power is insufficient and the delay is caused when the flexible magnetic film 1 pumps blood because the structure of the flexible magnetic film 1 limits the number of turns of the flexible coil 102 or the bending deformation capacity of the flexible magnetic film 1 is influenced because the number of turns of the flexible coil 102 when the magnetic field of the flexible magnetic film 1 is only adjustable, and being beneficial to the design of the flexible magnetic film 1, being soft and light, and being beneficial to the bending deformation of the flexible magnetic film 1 and prolonging the service life of the flexible magnetic film 1.
The second adhesive film (203), the first adhesive film (103) and the third adhesive film (602) are made of medical flexible high polymer materials, such as medical-grade thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber (TPU), or biological materials such as bovine pericardium.
The invention also provides a control method of the artificial heart with the interchangeable inner cavity volume, which comprises the following steps:
s100, inputting forward current to a flexible magnetic film and a hard magnetic film by an extracorporeal drive device through a signal receiver to enable the flexible magnetic film to be attracted by the first side hard magnetic film, extruding and pumping blood in the first side ventricle cavity by the flexible magnetic film through blowing towards the first side ventricle cavity, and generating negative pressure inside the second side ventricle cavity, so that the blood in the second atrium cavity is sucked into the second side ventricle cavity;
s200, inputting reverse current into the flexible magnetic film through the signal receiver by the extracorporeal drive device or synchronously changing the magnetic pole directions of the hard magnetic films on the two sides to ensure that the flexible magnetic film is attracted by the hard magnetic film on the second side, extruding and pumping the blood sucked into the second side type ventricle cavity by the flexible magnetic film through blowing towards the second side type ventricle cavity, and generating negative pressure inside the first side type ventricle cavity so that the blood in the first side type atrium cavity is sucked into the first side type ventricle cavity;
s300, repeating the steps S100 to S200 periodically at a beating frequency simulating a natural heart.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the first side-like ventricular chamber is a single-function chamber located inside of the one-side comprehensive-function chamber, the first side-like atrial chamber is a single-function chamber located outside of the one-side comprehensive-function chamber, the second side-like ventricular chamber is a single-function chamber located inside of the other-side comprehensive-function chamber, and the second side-like atrial chamber is a single-function chamber located outside of the other-side comprehensive-function chamber.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the external driving device supplies energy to the flexible magnetic film through the signal receiver and controls the polarity of the flexible magnetic film to be periodically changed.
Preferably, the in-vitro driving device 4 supplies energy to the flexible magnetic film 1 through the signal receiver 5 and controls the polarity of the flexible magnetic film 1 to be periodically changed, and compared with the method for controlling the polarity of the hard magnetic films 2 on the two sides to be synchronously changed, the method for controlling the polarity of the single flexible magnetic film 1 to be changed is beneficial to the simplification of the structure, the reduction of energy consumption and the improvement of fault tolerance rate.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present application and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered to be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (16)
1. The inner cavity volume interchangeable artificial heart is characterized by comprising a flexible magnetic film (1) and an outer shell (6), wherein the flexible magnetic film (1) is arranged in the outer shell (6), the outer shell (6) is internally divided into two comprehensive function cavities which are not communicated with each other through the flexible magnetic film (1), a hard magnetic film (2) which is arranged in a positive opposite mode to the flexible magnetic film (1) is arranged on the cavity wall of each comprehensive function cavity, the comprehensive function cavities are divided into two single function cavities (7) which are communicated with each other through the hard magnetic film (2), and a one-way valve (3) is arranged in each single function cavity (7) so as to form a one-way flow field in the comprehensive function cavities on the same side;
the two sides of the hard magnetic film (2) or the flexible magnetic film (1) generate magnetism through current passing, the polarities of the hard magnetic films (2) on the two sides are opposite all the time, the polarity of the flexible magnetic film (1) is the same as that of any hard magnetic film (2), under the action of electromagnetic force of the hard magnetic films (2) on the two sides, the flexible magnetic film (1) deforms and protrudes towards the hard magnetic film (2) with the same polarity, so that blood in the comprehensive function cavity on the corresponding side is pumped out of the outer shell (6) from one single function cavity (7) due to pressure increase, and the current direction of the current passing through the hard magnetic films (2) or the flexible magnetic film (1) on the two sides is changed periodically.
2. The heart according to claim 1, further comprising an external driving device (4) and a signal receiver (5), wherein the external driving device (4) inputs a current with a periodically changing current direction to the hard magnetic film (2) or the flexible magnetic film (1) through the signal receiver (5).
3. An intracavity volume interchangeable artificial heart according to claim 1, characterized in that the two single function chambers (7) on the same side are communicated through an orifice (8), the orifice (8) is located between the hard magnetic film (2) and the inner wall of the outer shell (6), and the orifice (8) is located below the hard magnetic film (2) far away from the two one-way valves (3).
4. An intra-luminal volume interchangeable artificial heart according to claim 1, wherein the flow field direction in the ipsilateral said complex function chamber is from the outer said single function chamber (7) to the inner said single function chamber (7) adjacent to said flexible magnetic membrane (1).
5. The heart according to claim 2, wherein the extracorporeal drive device (4) is electrically connected to the flexible magnetic film (1) through the signal receiver (5), the hard magnetic films (2) on both sides have permanent magnets (202), and the polarities of the permanent magnets (202) of the hard magnetic films (2) on both sides are opposite;
the flexible magnetic film (1) comprises a flexible electronic device (101), a plurality of flexible coils (102) installed on the flexible electronic device (101), and a first adhesive film (103) wrapping the flexible electronic device (101) and the plurality of flexible coils (102), wherein the flexible electronic device (101) is electrically connected with the signal receiver (5).
6. An intra-luminal volume-interchangeable artificial heart according to claim 5, wherein the flexible magnetic membrane (1) is divided into a plurality of regions in a sequence of a distance from the rigid magnetic membrane (2), and each region of the flexible coil (102) is connected to a corresponding circuit on the flexible electronic device (101).
7. The heart according to claim 1, wherein the hard magnetic film (2) comprises a titanium alloy frame (201), a permanent magnet (202) and a second adhesive film (203), the permanent magnet (202) is inserted into the titanium alloy frame (201), and the titanium alloy frame (201) and the permanent magnet (202) are wrapped and encapsulated by the second adhesive film (203).
8. An intra-luminal volume interchangeable artificial heart according to claim 5, wherein the signal receiver (5) comprises an induction coil (501), an internal control chip (502) and a lead (503), wherein an input end of the lead (503) is electrically connected with the induction coil (501) through the internal control chip (502), and an output end of the lead (503) is electrically connected with the flexible electronic device (101).
9. The heart according to claim 8, wherein the extracorporeal drive device (4) comprises a transmitting coil (401), a power source (402) and an external control module (403), the transmitting coil (401) and the power source (402) are electrically connected through the external control module (403), the transmitting coil (401) is attached to the skin, and the induction coil (501) is implanted in the subcutaneous superficial layer in a coaxial manner with the transmitting coil (401).
10. The heart according to claim 1, wherein the extracorporeal drive device (4) is electrically connected to the hard magnetic films (2) at two sides through the signal receiver (5), and the flexible magnetic film (1) is a flexible structure wrapped with a flexible permanent magnet;
the hard magnetic film (2) comprises a titanium alloy frame (201), an electromagnetic coil (204) and a second adhesive film (203), the electromagnetic coil (204) is embedded in the titanium alloy frame (201), the second adhesive film (203) wraps the titanium alloy frame (201) and the electromagnetic coil (204), the electromagnetic coil (204) is electrically connected with the internal control chip (502), and the directions of magnetic fields generated by currents conducted to the electromagnetic coil (204) of the hard magnetic film (2) on two sides are opposite.
11. The heart according to claim 2, wherein the flexible magnetic film (1) comprises flexible electronics (101), a plurality of flexible coils (102) mounted on the flexible electronics (101), and a first plastic film (103) covering the flexible electronics (101) and the plurality of flexible coils (102), the flexible electronics (101) being electrically connected to the signal receiver (5);
the hard magnetic film (2) comprises a titanium alloy frame (201), an electromagnetic coil (204) and a second adhesive film (203), the electromagnetic coil (204) is embedded in the titanium alloy frame (201), the second adhesive film (203) wraps the titanium alloy frame (201) and the electromagnetic coil (204), and the directions of magnetic fields generated by currents conducted to the electromagnetic coil (204) of the hard magnetic film (2) on two sides are opposite.
12. The heart according to claim 7, wherein the outer casing (6) comprises a titanium alloy casing (601) and a third adhesive film (602) wrapped on the inner and outer walls of the titanium alloy casing (601).
13. The heart of claim 12, wherein the second film (203), the first film (103), and the third film (602) are made of flexible polymer material.
14. A control method for the intra-luminal volume-interchangeable artificial heart of any one of claims 1-13, comprising the steps of:
s100, inputting forward current to a flexible magnetic film and a hard magnetic film through a signal receiver by an extracorporeal drive device, so that the flexible magnetic film is attracted by the hard magnetic film on a first side, the flexible magnetic film extrudes and pumps blood in a first side ventricle cavity by blowing towards the first side ventricle cavity, and negative pressure is generated inside a second side ventricle cavity, so that the blood in the second side atrium cavity is sucked into the second side ventricle cavity;
s200, the extracorporeal drive device inputs reverse current to the flexible magnetic film through the signal receiver or synchronously changes the magnetic pole directions of the hard magnetic films on two sides, so that the flexible magnetic film is attracted by the hard magnetic film on the second side, the flexible magnetic film extrudes and pumps blood sucked in the chamber cavity of the second side chamber by blowing towards the chamber cavity of the second side chamber, and negative pressure is generated inside the chamber cavity of the first side chamber, so that the blood in the chamber cavity of the first side chamber is sucked into the chamber cavity of the first side chamber;
s300, repeating the steps S100 to S200 periodically at a beating frequency simulating a natural heart.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the first ventricular-like chamber is the inner single-function chamber of the complex-function chamber on one side, the first atrial-like chamber is the outer single-function chamber of the complex-function chamber on one side, the second ventricular-like chamber is the inner single-function chamber of the complex-function chamber on the other side, and the second atrial-like chamber is the outer single-function chamber of the complex-function chamber on the other side.
16. The method as claimed in claim 14, wherein the extracorporeal drive device energizes the flexible magnetic film via the signal receiver and controls the polarity of the flexible magnetic film to change periodically.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210008803.6A CN114367033A (en) | 2022-01-06 | 2022-01-06 | Artificial heart with interchangeable inner cavity volume and control method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210008803.6A CN114367033A (en) | 2022-01-06 | 2022-01-06 | Artificial heart with interchangeable inner cavity volume and control method thereof |
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| CN202210008803.6A Pending CN114367033A (en) | 2022-01-06 | 2022-01-06 | Artificial heart with interchangeable inner cavity volume and control method thereof |
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| US4650485A (en) * | 1983-12-30 | 1987-03-17 | Berardino Della Sala | Total artificial heart |
| US5139516A (en) * | 1987-12-29 | 1992-08-18 | Eugene Mogendovich | Artificial heart and method of operating the same |
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