CN114363084A - Cross-border trade data trusted storage method based on block chain - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a block chain-based trans-border trade data trusted storage method, and belongs to the technical field of block chains. On the basis that the traditional cross-border trade payment clearing platform provides orders, customs clearance, settlement and other functions for all participants, a cluster group block chain architecture is designed, and groups interact through a cross-chain technology, so that mutual isolation of data among the groups is realized, and the safety and privacy of transaction data are guaranteed. In order to adapt to the scene requirements of cross-border trade multi-element transaction data, a parallel consensus node set division strategy is designed by combining the service attributes of nodes in a group, and request data is verified by taking a node set as a unit, so that the number of the nodes is decoupled from verification efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a block chain-based trans-border trade data trusted management method, and belongs to the technical field of block chains.
Background
In recent years, with the rise of blockchains as a national strategy, the rapid development of the blockchain industry is greatly promoted. Digital commerce is an important component of the digital economy, an important revolution in international commerce to the traditional form of goods commerce. The 'block chain + cross-border trade' is also gradually becoming a research hotspot of experts and scholars at home and abroad. The block chain is applied to payment clearing business in the cross-border trade field by relying on the natural characteristics of multicentralization, difficulty in tampering and safety and credibility of the block chain, so that the promotion of trade convenience is facilitated, the healthy development of enterprises is facilitated, and government supervision is enhanced.
However, by using the technical characteristic of guaranteeing the trusted data storage by using the blockchain, the problems of data islanding, lack of trust among all participants and low efficiency of flow collaboration existing in cross-border trade can be solved. Further consider the problems of low transaction throughput and excessive resource consumption in consensus execution of transactions occurring across the border-oriented trade blockchain.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a block chain-based cross-border trade data trusted storage method, and solving the problems of trust loss among participants and low efficiency of flow collaboration caused by data isolated island in cross-border trade.
On the basis that the traditional cross-border trade payment clearing platform provides orders, customs clearance and settlement functions for all participants, the invention designs a cluster group block chain architecture, and the groups interact through a cross-chain technology, so as to realize mutual isolation of data among the groups and ensure the safety and privacy of transaction data. In order to adapt to the scene requirements of cross-border trade multi-element transaction data, a parallel consensus node division strategy is designed by combining the service attributes of nodes in a group, and request data is verified by taking a node set as a unit, so that the number of the nodes is decoupled from verification efficiency.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a block chain-based cross-border trade data trusted storage method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the steps of constructing a block chain data trusted storage model facing cross-border trade by taking FISCO BCOS as a bottom layer technology, taking each participant as a consensus node to form a block verification mechanism, and storing trade data, remittance/settlement data, clearance data and clearance data receipt into a block chain network commonly maintained by each participant after executing a P-PBFT consensus mechanism so as to realize the trusted storage of cross-border trade data.
In a specific cross-border trade transaction scenario, a cross-border trade group is constructed according to the classification rules of the business types involved by the participants.
And establishing a parallel consensus node division strategy by combining the service attributes of the nodes in the cross-border trade group, and verifying data by taking a node set as a unit so as to decouple the number of the nodes from the verification efficiency.
And associating all cross-border trade groups in a clustering manner, constructing a cross-border trade group clustering framework, realizing mutual isolation of data among the groups, and performing data interaction among the cross-border trade groups through a cross-link technology.
The specific process for constructing the block chain trusted storage model for cross-border trade comprises the following steps:
through an intelligent contract technology, transaction rules of buyers and sellers in cross-border trade business are programmed by a computer, and interaction is carried out with a block chain bottom platform through an interface.
The back-end service provides the Restful interface for the application and connects to the blockchain bottom layer through the Java SDK.
The specific process for constructing the cross-border trade group cluster is as follows:
and designing a plurality of groups according to the cross-border trade business scene.
The group is formed by service-related consensus nodes and independently maintains a complete blockchain network.
The specific process for constructing the cross-border trade cluster is as follows:
and designing a plurality of groups according to the cross-border trade business scene.
The cross-border trade group is formed by common recognition nodes related to services, and a complete blockchain network is independently maintained.
And the CA provides authentication service for the joining or quitting of the consensus nodes in each group through the front-end system.
And the front-end system pushes corresponding information to the host node of the cross-border trade group according to the input transaction request information.
And performing unified verification on the uplink data by a P-PBFT consensus mechanism of an execution structure in the cross-border trade group, and returning the query or write result condition of the block to a front-end system after the consensus verification.
Cross-border trade groups are associated in a cluster mode, and interaction among the cluster groups is realized through a cross-chain technology.
The parallel consensus node set partitioning strategy is as follows:
and taking cross-border trade group service participants as sets, and distributing the global nodes into each set (local nodes).
The message authentication result takes a node set as a unit, namely, one element in the set feeds back the result, and the consistency verification work can be completed.
The specific process of the transaction request message is as follows:
and the initiator sends the transaction request to all the consensus nodes in the cross-border trade group, the consensus nodes start to execute after receiving the request, and required authentication information is temporarily stored in a local log.
And (4) the consensus node draws up a generation block, and voting and verifying data in the block.
After receiving the verification results of other nodes, the consensus node compares and determines the voting result of the consensus node.
And the consensus node summarizes the voting results sent by other nodes.
And whether the verification result is passed or not, the node returns the verification result to the front-end system.
The specific process for constructing the P-PBFT consensus mechanism comprises the following steps:
and carrying out set division on the common nodes in the group.
The master node allocates a proposal number n to the client request message, and multicasts a list of prearranged messages < < PRE _ PREPARE, v, n, digest > and message > to the group, wherein the message is the client request message and the digest is the message digest.
And the common identification nodes in the group check the validity of the digest and ensure that n meets the value range of a waterline, and if the verification is passed, the common identification nodes multicast a preparation message < PREPARE, v, n, digest, k >, and k represents a set number to the whole group. Otherwise, no operation is done. If the set contains more than half of the set preparation messages (including the set to which the common nodes belong), all the common nodes in the set enter a ready state. Otherwise, the message < FAILURE, v, n, k > that the consistency consensus verification failed is returned to the client.
When the common identification nodes in the group enter a ready state, multicasting an acknowledgement message < COMMIT, v, n, digest, k > to the whole network, and simultaneously collecting acknowledgement messages of other common identification nodes, if the total number of the acknowledgement messages exceeds more than half of the total number of the whole network set (including the set to which the common identification nodes belong), all the common identification nodes in the set enter a submission state, and returning a processing result to the client.
The set division mode is as follows:
global node set: d ═ D0,d1,d2,...,dr}。
Local node set: the information processing system includes a node B, a node C, and a node E.
The standard that the collection exceeds more than half of the whole network is as follows:
PREPARE[data]≥[Sum_Aggregate/2]+1。
COMMIT[data]≥[Sum_Aggregate/2]+1。
where Sum _ Aggregate is the total number of sets.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by combining the characteristics of cross-border trade payment clearing business and taking FISCO BCOS as a bottom layer technology, a block chain data trusted storage model facing cross-border trade is constructed, so that the problems of data isolated island, trust loss among participants and flow cooperation inefficiency existing in cross-border trade are effectively solved.
2. A cluster group block chain structure is constructed, mutual isolation of data among groups is achieved, data interaction is conducted among cross-border trade groups through a cross-chain technology, and therefore the problem of safe storage and credibility of transaction data is effectively solved.
3. On the basis of cluster group architecture design, a parallel consensus node set division strategy is provided by combining node service attributes in a group, data is verified by taking a node set as a unit, the number of nodes is decoupled from verification efficiency, and the problems of low transaction throughput and excessive consumption of consensus execution communication resources are effectively solved.
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The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts.
FIG. 1 is a cross-border trade payment clearing model diagram based on the FISCO BCOS block chain in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of cluster group relationships in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating a key point request procedure of a merchant in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a diagram of a common node set partitioning method in embodiment 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of the implementation process of the P-PBFT consensus mechanism in embodiment 5 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While the preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
Example 1: as shown in FIG. 1, the model uses FISCO BCOS as the underlying technology, and users perform service interaction at the front end of a webpage.
The front-end users can be mainly divided into system administrators and common users (merchants, customs declaration banks and banks), and business mainlines among the front-end users are import and export trades, remittance and remittance.
The responsibility of the system administrator is mainly expressed in user management and rights assignment;
the common user is a key main body for executing the business contract stage, the order stage, the customs declaration stage and the settlement stage; the supervision mechanism is mainly used for legally supervising the whole process action of cross-border trade execution.
The intelligent contract computer programs the contract of buyer and seller, entrusted customs declaration contract, signed logistics contract and product inspection contract related to the cross-border trade service, and interacts with the bottom platform of the block chain through the interface, thereby controlling the execution state of the cross-border trade service.
The back-end service mainly provides a Restful interface for the application, and is connected to the bottom layer of the block chain through a Java SDK (software development kit), so that the increase and query operations of the blocks are realized, and other service systems are also related.
The front-end application mainly meets the user service interaction requirements and has the following main functions:
user registration and login, requirement ordering, collection and payment auditing, requirement confirmation, customs documents, completion of collection and payment, basic declaration and application of collection and payment.
Finally, the merchant, the bank, the customs clearance and the supervision agency respectively store trade data, remittance/settlement data, customs clearance data and customs clearance data receipt into a block chain network commonly maintained by everyone, thereby realizing safe and credible management of the data.
Example 2: as shown in fig. 2, to improve the usability of the model, several groups are designed according to the cross-border trading business scenario. The group is formed by service-related consensus nodes and independently maintains a complete blockchain network.
The groups are associated in a cluster mode, and interaction among the cluster groups is realized through a cross-chain technology. The ca (certificate authority) mainly provides authentication services for the joining or leaving of the consensus nodes in each group through the front-end system.
The front-end system pushes corresponding information to the main node of the group according to the content of the input request information, and returns the query and write result of the block to the front-end system after strict consensus verification.
Example 3: as shown in fig. 3, in order to provide real and reliable transaction data for the cross-border trade payment and collection, a whole life process of a transaction request is completely depicted by using Key Points (KP).
In the transaction process, a merchant submits a key point request, a front-end system sends the request to a corresponding group according to the service type, and the request is written into a block chain after the request passes the verification of the whole network in the group.
Step 1: the merchant sends a request to all nodes of the group, and the request also comprises identity authentication information (public keys, token and the like) of the merchant.
Step 2: and after receiving the request, each node starts to execute, and temporarily stores the required authentication information in a local log.
Step 3: the node first authenticates whether the request can be a keypoint request. If the judgment result is true, skipping to execute Step4, otherwise, returning a judgment failure result.
Step 4: and (4) the nodes draw up a generation block, and the data in the block is voted and verified to reach consensus for the request of the merchant. And broadcasts the verification result in the blockchain network.
Step 5: after receiving the verification results of other nodes, the nodes compare and determine the voting results of the nodes.
Step 6: the node collects the voting results sent by other nodes and determines whether to write the proposed block into the group block chain.
Step 7: the node returns the verification result (whether the verification result passes or not) to the front-end system, and the front-end system collates the result and feeds the result back to the merchant.
Example 4: as shown in fig. 4, the global nodes are allocated to each set (local nodes) by taking the main participants of the group service as the set.
The message authentication result takes a node set as a unit, namely, one element in the set feeds back the result to finish the consistency verification work, thereby greatly reducing the number of messages broadcast in the network.
The verification speed of the consensus information is decoupled from the number of nodes, and the consensus efficiency is not influenced by the increase of the subsequent nodes.
Example 5: as shown in fig. 5, the P-PBFT consensus mechanism is designed according to specific node business characteristics in the cross-border trade payment clearing. On the basis of the three-phase broadcast protocol, the common nodes in the group are divided into 4 parallel node sets. The nodes execute the consensus process by taking the set as a unit, and then, if a new node in the group is added or quitted, the verification speed of the consensus message is not influenced.
(1) Init: and carrying out set division on the common nodes in the group according to the service scene requirements. Since the main participants in cross-border trading are merchants, customs offices, banks, and regulatory bodies, consensus nodes are classified into 4 sets. Thus, the initialization work of the consensus node in the group blockchain network is completed. If new nodes are added, the nodes are directly divided into corresponding sets.
(2) Pre-prepare: the master node in the group distributes a proposal number n to the received client request message, and multicasts a list of prearranged messages < < PRE _ PREPARE, v, n, digest > and message > to the merchant node, the customs clearance node, the bank node and the supervision node in the group. Wherein, the message is a request message of the client, and the digest is a message abstract.
(3) Prepare: and each copy node in the group checks the validity of the message abstract and ensures that n meets the value range of the waterline. If the verification is passed, a preparation message < PREPARE, v, n, digest, k > is multicast to the whole group, wherein k represents a set number; otherwise, no operation is done. The consensus node collects prepare messages from other nodes. According to the principle of 'minority subject to majority', if the set exceeds the preparation message of the full-network 3-type set (also contains the set to which the set belongs), all the common nodes in the set enter a ready state; otherwise, sending the message < FAILURE, v, n, k > of the consistency consensus verification FAILURE to the client.
(4) Commit: when the nodes in the group enter the ready state, the confirmation message < COMMIT, v, n, digest, k > is multicast to the whole network. Meanwhile, the confirmation messages of other nodes are collected. According to the principle of 'few obeys most', if the set exceeds more than half of the total number of the whole network set (including the set to which the set belongs), all the common nodes in the set enter a submission state, and a processing result is returned to the client.
The invention is based on the problems of lack of trust among all participants and low efficiency of flow collaboration in cross-border trade. Firstly, a cross-border trade payment clearing model based on FISCO BCOS is constructed by utilizing a block chain technology. On the basis, the traditional PBFT consensus mechanism is improved by combining the service attributes of the group consensus nodes, a parallel consensus node division strategy is provided, data is verified by taking a node set as a unit, the number of nodes is decoupled from the verification speed, and the problem of low transaction processing efficiency is solved. The method provided by the invention has higher theoretical basis and practical value.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A block chain-based cross-border trade data trusted storage method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
constructing a block chain data trusted storage model facing cross-border trade by taking FISCO BCOS as a bottom layer technology, taking each participant as a consensus node to form a block verification mechanism, and storing trade data, remittance/settlement data, clearance data and clearance data receipt into a block chain network commonly maintained by each participant after executing a P-PBFT consensus mechanism so as to realize the trusted storage of cross-border trade data;
in a specific cross-border trade transaction scene, constructing a cross-border trade group according to the classification rule of the business type related to each participant;
establishing a parallel consensus node set division strategy by combining the service attributes of nodes in the cross-border trade group, and verifying data by taking a node set as a unit so as to decouple the number of the nodes from the verification efficiency;
and associating all cross-border trade groups in a clustering manner, constructing a cross-border trade group clustering framework, realizing mutual isolation of data among the groups, and performing data interaction among the cross-border trade groups through a cross-link technology.
2. The method for trusted storage of block chain-based cross-border trade data according to claim 1, wherein the specific process for constructing the cross-border trade-oriented trusted storage model of block chain data is as follows:
through an intelligent contract technology, conducting computer programming on transaction rules of buyers and sellers in cross-border trade business, and interacting with a block chain bottom platform through an interface;
the back-end service provides the Restful interface for the application and connects to the blockchain bottom layer through the Java SDK.
3. The block chain-based cross-border trade data trusted storage method according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of constructing the cross-border trade group is as follows:
designing a plurality of groups according to a cross-border trade business scene;
the cross-border trade group is formed by service-related consensus nodes and independently maintains a complete blockchain network;
the CA provides authentication service for the joining or quitting of the consensus nodes in each group through a front-end system;
the front-end system pushes corresponding information to the host node of the cross-border trade group according to the input transaction request information;
a P-PBFT consensus mechanism of an execution structure in the cross-border trade group performs unified verification on the uplink data, and returns the query or write result condition of the block to the front-end system after the consensus verification;
cross-border trade groups are associated in a cluster mode, and interaction among the cluster groups is realized through a cross-chain technology.
4. The method for trusted storage of block chain-based cross-border trade data according to claim 1, wherein the parallel consensus node partitioning strategy comprises:
taking cross-border trade group service participants as sets, and distributing global nodes to each set;
the message authentication result takes a node set as a unit, namely, one element in the set feeds back the result, and the consistency verification work can be completed.
5. The block chain-based trans-border trade data trusted storage method according to claim 3, wherein the transaction request message is processed by the following specific steps:
the initiator sends a transaction request to all consensus nodes in the cross-border trade group, the consensus nodes start to execute after receiving the request, and required authentication information is temporarily stored in a local log;
a consensus node draws up a generation block, and votes and verifies the data in the block;
after receiving the verification results of other nodes, the consensus node compares and determines the voting result of the consensus node;
the consensus node collects the voting results sent by other nodes;
and whether the verification result is passed or not, the node returns the verification result to the front-end system.
6. The block chain-based trans-border trade data trusted storage method according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the specific process of constructing the P-PBFT consensus mechanism is as follows:
carrying out set division on the consensus nodes in the group;
the master node allocates a proposal number n to the client request message, and multicasts a list of prearranged messages < < PRE _ PREPARE, v, n, digest > and message > to the group, wherein the message is the client request message, and the digest is a message abstract;
the common identification nodes in the group check the validity of the digest and ensure that n meets the value range of a waterline, if the verification is passed, the common identification nodes multicast a preparation message < PREPARE, v, n, digest, k >, k represents a set number to the whole group; otherwise, no operation is performed; if the set is more than the preparation information of more than half of the set in the whole network, all the common identification nodes in the set enter a ready state; otherwise, returning the message < FAILURE, v, n, k > of the consistency consensus verification FAILURE to the client;
when the common identification nodes in the group enter a ready state, multicasting an acknowledgement message < COMMIT, v, n, digest, k > to the whole network, and simultaneously collecting acknowledgement messages of other common identification nodes, if the total number of the acknowledgement messages exceeds more than half of the total number of the whole network set, all the common identification nodes in the set enter a submission state, and returning a processing result to the client.
7. The block chain-based trans-border trade data trusted storage method according to claim 6, wherein said more than half of sets also contain sets to which they belong.
8. The block chain-based trans-border trade data trusted storage method according to claim 6, wherein the parallel consensus node set partitioning policy is:
global node set: d ═ D0,d1,d2,...,dr};
Local node set: the information processing system includes a node B, a node C, and a node E.
9. The method for trusted storage of block chain-based cross-border trade data according to claim 6, wherein the criteria for more than half of the total collection is:
PREPARE[data]≥[Sum_Aggregate/2]+1;
COMMIT[data]≥[Sum_Aggregate/2]+1;
where Sum _ Aggregate is the total number of sets.
10. The block chain-based trans-border trade data trusted storage method according to claim 4, wherein the parallel consensus node set partitioning policy is:
global node set: d ═ D0,d1,d2,...,dr};
Local node set: the information processing system includes a node B, a node C, and a node E.
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