CN114362502B - Air conditioner controller - Google Patents
Air conditioner controller Download PDFInfo
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- CN114362502B CN114362502B CN202210009181.9A CN202210009181A CN114362502B CN 114362502 B CN114362502 B CN 114362502B CN 202210009181 A CN202210009181 A CN 202210009181A CN 114362502 B CN114362502 B CN 114362502B
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 179
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 102100036894 Protein patched homolog 2 Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 101710161395 Protein patched homolog 2 Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 102100028680 Protein patched homolog 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710161390 Protein patched homolog 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides an air conditioner controller, which comprises a PFC unit, a direct current bus, a bus capacitor, an inversion unit, a capacitor discharging unit and a first driving unit; the capacitor discharging unit comprises a first resistor and a first switch tube, the first resistor and the first switch tube are connected in series, one end of the capacitor discharging unit is electrically connected with the first end of the bus capacitor, and the other end of the capacitor discharging unit is electrically connected with ground; the control end of the first switching tube is electrically connected with the output end of the first driving unit, and the power supply end of the first driving unit is electrically connected with the first end of the bus capacitor; when the air conditioner controller is powered down, the first driving unit controls the first switching tube to be closed, and when the air conditioner controller works, the first driving unit controls the first switching tube to be opened. The air conditioner controller can quickly release the electric quantity of the bus capacitor after power failure, and is beneficial to improving the safety of the air conditioner controller.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to circuit control, and more particularly to a control circuit for capacitor discharge and an air conditioner controller.
Background
In circuit design, capacitors are often designed to maintain voltage stability or reduce ripple. The capacitor can store electric quantity, and after the circuit is powered down, how to enable the electric quantity of the capacitor to be released as soon as possible, so that the safety is guaranteed, and the technical problem to be solved is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, the embodiment of the application provides an air conditioner controller, which can ensure that the bus capacitor electric quantity of the air conditioner controller is released as soon as possible, and the safety is improved.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
an air conditioner controller comprises a PFC unit, a direct current bus, a bus capacitor E1, an inversion unit, a capacitor discharge unit and a first driving unit; one side of the direct current bus is electrically connected with the output positive end of the PFC unit, and the other side of the direct current bus is electrically connected with the input positive end of the inversion unit 13; the first end of the bus capacitor is electrically connected with the direct current bus, and the second end of the bus capacitor is electrically connected with the ground; the capacitor discharging unit comprises a first resistor and a first switching tube, the first resistor and the first switching tube are connected in series, one end of the capacitor discharging unit is electrically connected with the first end of the bus capacitor, and the other end of the capacitor discharging unit is electrically connected with ground; the control end of the first switching tube is electrically connected with the output end of the first driving unit, and the power supply end of the first driving unit is electrically connected with the first end of the bus capacitor; when the air conditioner controller is powered down, the first driving unit controls the first switching tube to be closed, and when the air conditioner controller works, the first driving unit controls the first switching tube to be opened. The air conditioner controller can control the first switch tube to be closed when power is lost, and rapidly discharge the bus capacitor; when the power is on, the first switching tube is controlled to be disconnected; the bus capacitor of the air conditioner controller can be quickly released after the air conditioner controller is powered down, so that the safety of the air conditioner controller is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of embodiments or background art of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or background art will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a simplified circuit block diagram of an air conditioner controller;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an air conditioner controller with a discharging function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a capacitive discharge cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a capacitive discharge cell according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a capacitive discharge cell according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of a capacitive discharge cell according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 10 is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 11 is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 12 is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 13 is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 14 is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller with detection function according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 15 is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller with detection function according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 16 is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller with detection function according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 17 is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller with detection function according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 18 is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller with detection function according to another embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In this application, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. In the present application, "(electrical) connection" includes both direct (electrical) connection and indirect (electrical) connection.
In circuit design, in order to provide a smooth voltage, a capacitor is often arranged, the capacitor can provide certain energy, when the circuit is powered down or does not work, the electric quantity of the capacitor may not be consumed in a certain time, and in order to ensure safety, a capacitor discharging circuit is required to be arranged. In addition, the air conditioner controller comprises a rectifying unit and a power factor correction unit; in order to provide a smooth dc bus voltage, a bus capacitor is often provided on the bus of the controller circuit. Fig. 1 shows a motor control circuit, which includes a rectifying unit 11, a PFC unit 12, an inverter unit 13, and a capacitor E1 disposed on a dc bus, and the capacitor not only provides a smooth dc bus voltage to the inverter unit, but also provides a certain amount of energy, so that the capacitance of the capacitor is generally relatively large. As shown in fig. 1, when the motor control circuit is disconnected from the ac power source Vac, the voltage vdc_bus on the bus capacitor E1 is required to fall below the safety voltage for a certain period of time in order to ensure safety. If the ac power Vac of the motor control circuit is cut off or the motor control circuit is in standby, the energy stored on the bus capacitor E1 can be rapidly consumed, and the bus capacitor discharging unit is not required. However, in some designs, the ability to store on the bus capacitor E1 cannot be quickly consumed when the ac power supply Vac to the motor control circuit is turned off or the motor control circuit is on standby; therefore, as shown in fig. 2, a capacitor discharge circuit 14 needs to be provided.
Based on this, the present embodiment provides a controller, as shown in fig. 3, including a capacitor E1, a capacitor discharging unit 14, and a first driving unit 19; the capacitor E1 can provide electric quantity for the Load of the later stage, and the capacitor discharging unit 14 comprises a first resistor R1 and a first switching tube Q1, wherein the first resistor R1 and the first switching tube Q1 are connected in series; the first end of the capacitor is a positive end of capacitor voltage, the second end of the capacitor is electrically connected with the ground GND, one end of the capacitor discharging unit 14 is electrically connected with the first end of the capacitor, and the other end of the capacitor discharging unit is electrically connected with the ground GND; the control terminal of the first switching tube Q1 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first driving unit 19. When the capacitor E1 needs to be discharged, the first driving unit controls the Q1 to be turned on, and the capacitor discharging unit 14 discharges the electric energy on the capacitor E1, so that the voltage on the capacitor E1 can be discharged within a specified time.
In the motor control circuit, the capacitor E1 is a bus capacitor E1; in order to ensure safety, as shown in fig. 4/5, after the controller is powered down, the electric quantity of the bus capacitor E1 needs to be quickly released, for example, the capacitor discharging unit is set to release the electric quantity, so that safety is ensured; specifically, discharging is realized by controlling the conduction of Q1; however, when the controller is operating normally, the capacitor discharge unit 14 should be in an off state, so as to prevent the capacitor discharge unit 14 from being in an on state all the time, which results in excessive power consumption of the first resistor R1 and potential safety hazard of fire.
Based on this, in order to prevent the first resistor R1 from being overheated due to the capacitor discharge unit being in the on state when the controller is operating normally due to the short-circuit fault of the first switching tube Q1, another embodiment is provided, as shown in fig. 6, in this embodiment, the capacitor discharge unit 14 further includes a third relay RY3; the third relay RY3 is a normally closed relay, and the third relay RY3 is connected in series with the first resistor R1 and the first switching tube Q1; the first control terminal of the third relay RY3 is electrically connected to the power supply terminal VCC, and the second control terminal of the third relay RY3 is electrically connected to the ground GND. When the voltage exists at the power supply terminal VCC, the third relay RY3 is opened; when the power supply terminal VCC loses voltage, the third relay RY3 is closed. The power of the power supply terminal VCC can be obtained from the controller circuit, and generally when the controller is powered on, the power supply terminal VCC is powered on, the third relay RY3 is disconnected, the charging and discharging circuit is disconnected, the capacitor E1 is not discharged, that is, when the controller is powered on, the first resistor R1 does not consume energy, and no potential safety hazard of overheating exists. When the controller is powered down, the power supply end VCC loses voltage, the third relay RY3 is turned on, and at this time, the first switching tube Q1 is further controlled to be turned on, so that the capacitor discharging unit 14 forms a path to discharge the capacitor E1, and the voltage on the capacitor E1 can be reduced to a safe value in a specified time through the resistance value setting of the first resistor R1.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, in order to prevent the first resistor R1 from overheating due to the short-circuit fault of the first switching tube Q1 when the controller is in normal operation, and to ensure that the voltage of the capacitor E1 can be quickly reduced after the controller is powered down, the capacitor discharging unit 14 further includes a second PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient: positive temperature coefficient) resistor PTC2 and/or a self-recovery fuse, where the second PTC resistor PTC2 is connected in series with the first resistor R1 and the first switching tube Q1, and the self-recovery fuse is also connected in series with the first resistor R1 and the first switching tube Q1. If the discharging circuit Q1 is in an abnormal conduction state, the PTC2 also has current passing through, the current can cause the PTC2 to generate heat by itself, the resistance value of the PTC2 is increased, the current on the R1 is reduced, the heat generation is also reduced, and the potential safety hazard of fire caused by overheat of the first resistor R1 is reduced. Similarly, if Q1 in the discharging circuit is in an abnormal conduction state, current also flows through the self-recovery fuse, and the current can cause the self-recovery fuse to generate heat, and when the generated heat reaches a certain degree, the self-recovery fuse is disconnected, so that no current flows through R1, and the generated heat can be reduced, thereby reducing the potential safety hazard of fire caused by overheat of the first resistor R1.
In the above embodiment, the power supply end of the first driving unit 19 may be further electrically connected to the first end of the capacitor E1, that is, the driving voltage of the first driving unit 19 is from the capacitor E1, so that the capacitor E1 can provide the driving voltage for the first switching tube of the first driving unit 19 after the controller is powered down, and further the capacitor discharging unit 14 forms a path to discharge the capacitor E1.
Further, as shown in fig. 8, the controller is suitable for controlling a motor, such as controlling an air conditioner compressor, and the capacitor discharging unit is used for discharging a bus capacitor E1 of the motor control circuit, that is, the discharged capacitor E1 is a bus capacitor E1, and a first end of the bus capacitor E1 is electrically connected with a dc bus; the controller further comprises a PFC unit 12, an inverter unit 13, a low-voltage power supply unit 15 and a control unit 16; one side of the direct current bus is electrically connected with the output positive end of the PFC unit 12, and the other side of the direct current bus is electrically connected with the input positive end of the inversion unit 13; the low voltage power supply unit 15 may be a switching power supply, which supplies power to a control unit of a motor controller or to low voltage devices (such as valves) of an air conditioning system; the PFC unit and the inverter unit are controlled with reference to existing controls, and this will not be described in the present application; the control unit 16 includes an MCU having a plurality of signal output terminals, and may output different control signals to different driving circuits. In this embodiment, the first driving unit 19 includes a second switching tube Q2, where a control end Q2 of the second switching tube is electrically connected to a power output end of the low voltage power supply unit 15 or a control end of the second switching tube is electrically connected to a signal output end of the control unit, a first end of the second switching tube Q2 is electrically connected to a first end of the capacitor E1, and a second end of the second switching tube is electrically connected to ground. When the air conditioner controller is powered down, the low-voltage power supply unit or the control unit controls the second switching tube to generate a control signal for enabling the first switching tube to be closed. That is, when the controller is powered on, the power output terminal of the low voltage power supply unit 15 outputs a voltage signal so that the second switching tube Q2 is turned on or off, thereby generating a control signal CQ1 for driving the first switching tube Q1 to be turned off; after the controller is powered down, the power output end of the low-voltage power supply unit 15 does not output a voltage signal, so that the second switching tube is closed or turned on, and a control signal CQ1 for driving the first switching tube Q1 to be closed is generated. Similarly, when the controller is powered on, the signal output end of the control unit 16 outputs a control signal, so that the second switching tube Q2 is turned on or off, and a control signal CQ1 for driving the first switching tube Q1 to be turned off is generated; after the controller is powered down, the power output end of the low-voltage power supply unit 15 does not output a control signal, so that the second switching tube is closed or turned on, and a control signal CQ1 for driving the first switching tube Q1 to be closed is generated.
Further, in one embodiment, in the air conditioner controller for controlling the air conditioner compressor, when the air conditioner controller is powered down, the power supply voltage is quickly lost at the power output end of the low-voltage switching unit, and the high level cannot be output even if the power supply is lost at the signal output end of the control unit. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, when the air conditioner controller is powered down, the control end of the second switching tube Q2 receives a low-level control signal, and the first end of the second switching tube Q2 generates a control signal for turning on the first switching tube Q1 and outputs the control signal to the control end of the first switching tube Q1; the first switch tube Q1 can be a triode, a MOS tube or an IGBT; the second switching tube Q2 may also be a triode, a MOS tube, or an IGBT.
Further, as shown in fig. 12, in one embodiment, the first switching tube Q1 is an N-MOS tube, and the second switching tube Q2 is an NPN triode; the first driving unit 19 further includes a fifth resistor R5 and a regulator tube ZD1; the collector of the second switching tube Q2 is electrically connected with the first end of the bus capacitor E1 through a fifth resistor R5, and the base of the second switching tube Q2 is electrically connected with the power output end of the low-voltage power supply unit or the signal output end of the control unit; the emitter of the second switching tube Q2 is electrically connected with the ground GND; the drain electrode of the first switching tube Q1 is electrically connected with the first end of the bus capacitor E1 through a first resistor R1; the gate electrode of the first switching tube Q1 is electrically connected with the collector electrode of the second switching tube Q2; the source electrode of the first switching tube Q1 is electrically connected with the ground GND; the gate electrode of the first switching tube Q1 is also electrically connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing tube ZD1, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing tube ZD1 is electrically connected with the ground; in this embodiment, when the air conditioner controller is powered down, no voltage is output from the power output end of the low-voltage power supply unit, no signal is output from the signal output end of the control unit, at this time, the base electrode of the second switching tube Q2 is at a low level, Q2 is turned off, the gate of Q1 is at a high level, Q1 is turned on, and the bus capacitor E1 is discharged through the capacitor discharging unit 14; when the air conditioner controller is electrified, the power output end of the low-voltage power supply unit outputs voltage, the signal output end of the control unit can also output a high-level control signal to the second switching tube Q2, the base electrode of the Q2 receives the high-level signal, the Q2 is conducted, the gate of the Q1 is extremely low-level, the Q1 is cut off, and the capacitor discharge unit 14 is in an off state. Further, in order to prevent the fifth resistor R5 from overheating, the fifth resistor R5 may take a larger value, and preferably, the resistance value of the fifth resistor R5 is larger than that of the first resistor R1; the fifth resistor may be an equivalent resistor formed by connecting a plurality of resistors in series.
As shown in fig. 13, the embodiment of the present application further provides a controller, wherein the first switching tube Q1 is a P-MOS tube, and the second switching tube Q2 is an NPN triode; the first driving unit 19 further includes an eighth resistor R8 and a ninth resistor R9, a first end of the ninth resistor R9 is electrically connected to a first end of the bus capacitor E1, a second end of the ninth resistor R9 is electrically connected to a first end of the eighth resistor R8, a second end of the eighth resistor R8 is electrically connected to a collector of the second switching tube Q2, an emitter of the second switching tube Q2 is electrically connected to the ground GND, and a base of the second switching tube Q2 is electrically connected to a power output end of the low voltage power supply unit 15 or a signal output end of the control unit; the source electrode of the first switching tube Q1 is electrically connected with the first end of the bus capacitor E1; the gate electrode of the first switching tube Q1 is electrically connected with the first end of the eighth resistor R8; the drain of the first switching transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the ground GND through a first resistor R1. In this embodiment, when the air conditioner controller is powered down, no voltage is output from the power output end of the low-voltage power supply unit 15, or a low level is output from the signal output end of the control unit, then the base electrode of the second switching tube Q2 is at a low level, Q2 is turned on, the gate electrode of Q1 is about the voltage division value of the eighth resistor R8 and the ninth resistor R9 to the bus voltage, the source voltage of Q1 is the bus voltage, Q1 is turned on, and the bus capacitor E1 is discharged through the capacitor discharging unit 14; when the air conditioner controller is electrified, the power output end of the low-voltage power supply unit outputs voltage, or the signal output end of the control unit outputs high level, the base electrode of Q2 is high level, Q2 is cut off, the gate electrode and the source electrode of Q1 are both approximately busbar voltage, Q1 is cut off, and the capacitor discharge unit 14 is in an open circuit state. It should be noted that, in the air conditioner controller, the low voltage power supply unit may include a plurality of power output terminals that output different voltage values, for example, 3-5V power supply voltage required by the output control unit, and may also output 10-20V driving voltage required by each driving unit or low voltage device, where the low voltage power supply unit may be a switching power supply, for example, a flyback circuit, and the voltage value of the output voltage may be freely designed.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, in one embodiment, the controller further includes a first rectifying unit 11, a control unit 16, a third driving unit 17, and a soft start unit 18; the input end of the low-voltage power supply unit 15 is electrically connected with the output end of the first rectifying unit 11, and the PFC unit 12 is also connected with the output end of the first rectifying unit; that is, the power supplies of the low-voltage power supply unit and the PFC unit are both from the output end of the first rectifying unit. In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the controller further includes a first rectifying unit 11, a second rectifying unit 111, a control unit 16, a third driving unit 17, and a soft start unit 18; the input end of the low-voltage power supply unit is electrically connected with the output end of the second rectifying unit 111, and the PFC unit 12 is connected with the output end of the first rectifying unit 11; that is, the power supplies of the PFC unit and the low voltage power supply unit are obtained by different rectifying units. In both embodiments, when the controller is powered down, the low-voltage power supply unit cannot consume the energy on the bus capacitor E1, so the capacitor discharging unit 14 needs to be configured to discharge the bus capacitor E1. In another embodiment, if the power supply of the low-voltage power supply unit is from the output end of the PFC unit, that is, from the bus capacitor E1, at this time, the low-voltage power supply unit can consume part of the power on the bus capacitor E1, and at this time, it can be determined whether the charging and discharging unit 14 needs to be set according to the power consumption speed of the low-voltage power supply unit on the bus capacitor E1. In addition, in fig. 4/5, the power output end of the low-voltage power supply unit 15 is electrically connected with the power supply end of the control unit 16, the low-voltage power supply unit 15 may be a switching power supply, and supplies power to the control unit and the low-voltage device of the air conditioner, and the control unit controls the PFC unit, the inverter unit and the third driving unit to work; one end of the soft start unit 18 is electrically connected with the input end of the first rectifying unit 11, and the other end can be electrically connected with an input power source VAC; the signal output end of the control unit is electrically connected with the third driving unit 17 and is used for generating control; the third drive unit is electrically connected to the control terminal of a controllable switching tube of the soft start unit 18, which may be a relay, such as RY1/RY2.
The present embodiment also provides a controller, as shown in fig. 9, which includes a control unit 16 and a second driving unit 20; the power supply terminal of the first driving unit 19 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the capacitor E1, i.e. the driving voltage of the first driving unit 19 is provided by the capacitor E1, and the capacitor discharging unit 14 further comprises a fourth relay RY4; the fourth relay RY4 is a normally closed relay, and the fourth relay RY4 is connected in series with the first resistor R1 and the first switching tube Q1; the first control end of the fourth relay RY4 is electrically connected to the power supply end VCC, specifically, in the motor control circuit, the power supply end VCC may be a power supply output end of the low-voltage power supply unit, and the low-voltage power supply unit may be provided with a plurality of power supply output ends, to provide different power supply voltages, to supply power to different units; other units of the motor control circuit are described above and are not described here again. The second control end of the fourth relay RY4 is electrically connected to the output end of the second driving unit 20; the input end of the second driving unit 20 is electrically connected with the signal output end of the control unit. In this embodiment, the control signal 16 is utilized to generate a control signal to the second driving unit 20, and the second driving unit 20 controls the state of the fourth relay RY4 according to the control signal, so that the RY4 is opened when the controller is powered up, and closed when the controller is powered down.
The above controllers can be used for air conditioner control, that is, the embodiment of the present application also provides an air conditioner controller, as shown in fig. 10, including a PFC unit 12, a dc bus, a bus capacitor E1, an inverter unit 13, a capacitor discharging unit 14, and a first driving unit 19; one side of a direct current bus E1 is electrically connected with the positive end of the PFC unit 12, and the other side of the direct current bus E1 is electrically connected with the input positive end of the inversion unit 13; the first end of the bus capacitor E1 is electrically connected with a direct current bus, and the second end of the bus capacitor E1 is electrically connected with the ground GND; the capacitor discharge unit 14 comprises a first resistor R1 and a first switching tube Q1, the first resistor R1 and the first switching tube Q1 are connected in series, one end of the capacitor discharge unit 14 is electrically connected with the first end of the bus capacitor E1, and the other end of the capacitor discharge unit 14 is electrically connected with the ground GND; the control end of the first switching tube Q1 is electrically connected with the output end of the first driving unit 19, and the power supply end of the first driving unit is electrically connected with the first end of the bus capacitor E1; the first driving unit 19 controls the first switching tube to be closed when the air conditioner controller is powered down, and controls the first switching tube to be opened when the air conditioner controller works.
Based on the above controller, the embodiment of the present application further provides a discharging circuit, which is suitable for use in a controller including a capacitor, as shown in fig. 3, and includes a capacitor discharging unit 14 and a first driving unit 19; the capacitor discharge unit 14 includes a first resistor R1 and a first switching tube Q1; the first resistor R1 is connected with the first switching tube Q1 in series; the first end of the capacitor E1 is a positive end of capacitor voltage, the second end of the capacitor E1 is electrically connected with the ground GND, one end of the capacitor discharging unit 14 is electrically connected with the first end of the capacitor E1, and the other end of the capacitor discharging unit 14 is electrically connected with the ground; the control terminal of the first switching tube Q1 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first driving unit 19. Further, the power supply end of the first driving unit 19 is electrically connected with the first end of the capacitor E1, and the capacitor discharging unit 14 further includes a third relay RY3 and/or a second PTC resistor and/or a self-recovery fuse; the third relay is a normally closed relay and is connected with the first resistor and the first switching tube in series; the first control end of the third relay is electrically connected with the power end VCC, and the second control end of the third relay is electrically connected with the ground; the second PTC resistor and/or the self-healing fuse is connected in series with the first resistor and the first switching tube.
Further, in one embodiment, the controller includes a control unit 16 and a second drive unit 20; the capacitive discharge unit 14 further includes a fourth relay RY4; the fourth relay RY4 is also a normally closed relay, and the fourth relay RY4 is connected in series with the first resistor R1 and the first switching tube Q1; the first control end of the fourth relay RY4 is electrically connected to the power supply end VCC, and the second control end of the fourth relay RY4 is electrically connected to the output end of the second driving unit 20; the second drive unit 20 has an input electrically connected to a signal output of the control unit 16.
With reference to the above-mentioned capacitor discharge unit and air conditioner controller, in order to further protect the controller, the first switching tube Q1 of the capacitor discharge unit 14 is prevented from being damaged during the power-on operation of the controller, which results in the conduction of the capacitor discharge unit 14, so that the capacitor discharge unit discharges for a long time, resulting in excessive power consumed by the capacitor discharge unit, and the capacitor discharge unit is prone to generate heat, resulting in fire risk. The embodiment of the application also provides an air conditioner controller, which not only can discharge the bus capacitor E1 after the controller is powered down, but also can judge whether the first switching tube is damaged, and when the first switching tube is damaged, the power supply of the air conditioner controller can be cut off, so that the safety of the controller is ensured; as shown in fig. 14 in particular, the air conditioner controller includes a first rectifying unit 11, a PFC unit 12, a bus capacitor E1, an inverter unit 13, a capacitor discharging unit 14, a control unit 16, a first driving unit 19, a detecting unit 21, and a power cut-off unit 22;
the output end of the first rectifying unit 11 is electrically connected with the input end of the PFC unit 12, the output end of the PFC unit 12 is electrically connected with the input end of the inversion unit 13, and the bus capacitor E1 is electrically connected with the output end of the PFC unit 12; the power cut-off unit 22 is connected between the input end of the first rectifying unit 11 and the input power VAC or between the output end of the first rectifying unit 11 and the input end of the PFC unit 12 or between the output end of the PFC unit 12 and the bus capacitor E1, that is, as shown in the position of the power cut-off unit 22 or the positions (1) (2) (3) (4) (5); in normal operation, the power supply cutoff unit 22 is in a conductive state; the capacitor discharge unit 14 comprises a first resistor and a first switching tube, and the first resistor and the first switching tube are connected in series; the capacitor discharging unit 14 is electrically connected with the bus capacitor E1; the first driving unit 19 is electrically connected with the control end of the first switching tube; when the air conditioner controller is powered on, the first driving unit 19 controls the first switching tube to be turned off; when the air conditioner controller is powered down, the first driving unit 19 controls the first switching tube to be conducted; the detection unit 21 is electrically connected with the control unit 16, and the detection unit 21 is used for detecting the working state of the capacitor discharge unit 14 and sending an electric signal representing the working state of the capacitor discharge unit 14 to the control unit 16; the signal output end of the control unit 16 is electrically connected with the control end of the power supply cut-off unit 22, and when the control unit 16 reaches an electric signal representing that the capacitor discharge unit 14 has overheat risk, a control signal for turning off the power supply cut-off unit 22 is sent to the power supply cut-off unit 22, so that the power supply cut-off unit 22 is in a cut-off state, and the bus capacitor E1 is further enabled to lose a charging loop. In this embodiment, when the bus capacitor E1 needs to be discharged, the first driving unit 19 controls the first switching tube to be turned on for discharging; if the capacitor discharging unit 14 itself has overheat risk, the controller is powered off to prevent the capacitor charging unit 14 from continuously operating. In order to ensure that the first driving unit 19 still has an operating voltage after the controller is powered down, the power supply end of the first driving unit may be electrically connected to the high voltage end of the bus capacitor, i.e. the driving power supply of the first driving unit is provided by the bus capacitor, and the specific principle refers to the foregoing description.
Further, the electrical signal indicative of the risk of overheating of the capacitive discharge cell 14 includes: and when the air conditioner controller is electrified, the electric signal representing the conduction of the first switching tube. If the air conditioner controller is powered on, the first switch tube is turned on, the capacitor discharge unit 14 will continuously operate, and the bus capacitor E1 is continuously charged, so that the capacitor discharge unit 14 will be at risk of overheating, at this time, the power input of the controller needs to be further cut off, so as to prevent the bus capacitor E1 from continuously charging, reduce the risk of overheating of the capacitor discharge unit 14, and improve safety.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 15, the detection unit 21 includes a sampling resistor Rsh; the first end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected with the high-voltage end of the bus capacitor E1, the second end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected with the first end of the first switching tube Q1, the second end of the first switching tube Q1 is electrically connected with the first end of the sampling resistor Rsh, the second end of the sampling resistor Rsh is electrically connected with the low-voltage end of the bus capacitor E1, and the low-voltage end of the bus capacitor E1 can be the reference ground end GND; the control unit 16 is electrically connected to a first terminal of the sampling resistor Rsh. In this embodiment, when the air conditioner controller is powered on, the sampling resistor Rsh is used for current sampling, and when the first switching tube Q1 is turned on, current flows through the first resistor R1, and the current also flows through the sampling resistor Rsh. The control unit detects the voltage across Rsh and if it detects that its voltage is greater than a certain value, for example 0.5V, it considers that the first switching tube Q1 is in abnormal conduction. The control unit then controls the power cut-off unit 22 to switch from the on state to the off state. Therefore, the DC BUS capacitor E1 has no power input, and meanwhile, under the action of the first resistor R1, the voltage at two ends of the DC BUS capacitor is released, so that the discharge resistor R1 cannot be continuously connected under the high voltage of the direct current BUS, and serious heating of the resistor R1 is avoided. Specifically, the power cut-off unit 22 may include a controllable switching tube, such as an IGBT, a MOS tube, a triode, a relay, or the like.
In this embodiment, further, the detecting unit 21 further includes a second resistor R2 and a first capacitor C1, the first end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to the first end of the sampling resistor Rsh, the second end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to the control unit 16, the first end of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the second end of the second resistor R2, and the second end of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the second end of the sampling resistor Rsh.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 16, the detection unit 21 may be configured to include a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, and a second capacitor C2; the first end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected with the high-voltage end of the bus capacitor E1, the second end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected with the first end of the first switching tube Q1, and the second end of the first switching tube Q1 is electrically connected with the low-voltage end of the bus capacitor E1; the first end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected with the first end of the first switching tube Q1, the second end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected with the first end of the fourth resistor R4, the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected with the second end of the first switching tube Q1, and the second capacitor C2 is connected with the fourth resistor R4 in parallel. In this embodiment, the detecting unit 21 detects voltages at the first end and the second end of the first switching tube Q1, and detects voltages between the D pole and the S pole of the first switching tube Q1 when the first switching tube Q1 is an NMOS tube. When the air conditioner controller works normally, when the first switching tube Q1 is not in an abnormal conduction state, the voltage between D and S is about the direct current BUS voltage VDC_BUS, and if the first switching tube Q1 is in an abnormal conduction state, the voltage between D and S is close to 0V; when the control unit 21 detects that the switching tube Q1 is abnormally turned on, the control power supply cut-off unit 22 is controlled to be switched from the on state to the off state, so that the DC BUS capacitor E1 has no power supply input, and meanwhile, under the action of the first resistor R1, the voltages at two ends of the BUS capacitor are released, so that the first resistor R1 is not continuously connected under the high voltage of the DC BUS, and serious heating of the resistor R1 is avoided.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 17, the detection unit 21 may be provided to include an NTC resistor, a tenth resistor R10, and a third capacitor C3; the first end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected with the high-voltage end of the bus capacitor E1, the second end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected with the first end of the first switching tube Q1, and the second end of the first switching tube Q1 is electrically connected with the low-voltage end of the bus capacitor E1; the first end of the NTC resistor is electrically connected to a power supply end VCC, where the power supply end VCC may be a power supply output end of the low voltage power supply unit 15 in the air conditioner controller; the second end of the NTC resistor is electrically connected with the first end of a tenth resistor R10, and the second end of the tenth resistor R10 is electrically connected with ground; the third capacitor C3 is connected in parallel with the tenth resistor R10. In the present embodiment, the detection unit 21 detects the temperature around the first resistor R1. The NTC is a negative temperature coefficient temperature sensor for detecting the temperature around the discharge resistor R1. When the switching tube Q1 is abnormally turned on, the first resistor R1 generates heat abnormally, if the control unit 16 detects that the temperature around R1 is abnormally increased, the switching tube Q1 is considered to be in an abnormally turned-on state, and the power supply cut-off unit 22 is controlled to switch from the turned-on state to the turned-off state, so that the BUS capacitor E1 has no power supply input, and meanwhile, under the action of the first resistor R1, the voltages at both ends of the DC BUS capacitor are released, so that the first resistor is not continuously connected under the high voltage of the DC BUS, and serious heat generation of the resistor R1 is avoided.
In the above embodiment in which the power supply cutoff unit 22 is controlled to be turned off if the first switching tube Q1 is abnormally turned on, the soft start unit for the air conditioner may be modified, and the cutoff function is implemented using the soft start unit. That is, as shown in fig. 15 or 16, the power supply cutoff unit 22 may be provided to include the soft start unit 18, and in particular, the soft start unit 18 includes the first relay RY1, the second relay RY2, and the first PTC resistor PTC1; the second relay RY2 is connected in series with the first PTC resistor and then connected in parallel with the first relay RY 1; a first end of the first relay RY1 is electrically connectable to the input power VAC, and a second end of the first relay RY1 is electrically connected to an input end of the first rectifying unit 11; the signal output terminal of the control unit 11 is electrically connected to the control terminals of the first relay RY1 and the second relay RY 2; when the control unit 16 receives an electrical signal indicating that the capacitive discharge unit is at risk of overheating, control signals CRY1 and CRY2 for switching off the first and second relays RY1 and RY2, respectively, are sent to the first and second relays RY1 and RY2, such that the bus capacitor E1 has no power input, losing the charging loop.
Further, in the above embodiment of controlling the power cut-off unit 22 to cut off if the first switching tube Q1 is abnormally turned on, the air conditioner controller may further include a low voltage power supply unit 15 and a third driving unit 17; the input end of the low-voltage power supply unit 15 is electrically connected with the output end of the first rectifying unit 11; the power output end of the low-voltage power supply unit 15 is electrically connected with the power supply end of the control unit 16; the signal output end of the control unit 16 is connected with the first relay RY1 and the second relay RY2 through the third driving unit 17, and the third driving unit 17 is used for driving the first relay RY1 and the second relay RY2 to be turned on or off according to the control signal output by the control unit 16. Further, as shown in fig. 16, the air conditioner controller may be further provided with a second rectifying unit 111 and a third driving unit 17; the input end of the second rectifying unit can be electrically connected with an input power source VAC; the input end of the low-voltage power supply unit 15 is electrically connected with the output end of the second rectifying unit 111; the power output end of the low-voltage power supply unit 15 is electrically connected with the power supply end of the control unit 16; the signal output of the control unit 16 is electrically connected to the first relay and the second relay via a third drive unit 17.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments. In particular, for a system or system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to a method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, with reference to the description of the method embodiment being made in part. The systems and system embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. The air conditioner controller is characterized by comprising a PFC unit, a direct current bus, a bus capacitor, an inversion unit, a capacitor discharge unit and a first driving unit; one side of the direct current bus is electrically connected with the output positive end of the PFC unit, and the other side of the direct current bus is electrically connected with the input positive end of the inversion unit; the first end of the bus capacitor is electrically connected with the direct current bus, and the second end of the bus capacitor is electrically connected with the ground; the capacitor discharging unit comprises a first resistor and a first switching tube, the first resistor and the first switching tube are connected in series, one end of the capacitor discharging unit is electrically connected with the first end of the bus capacitor, and the other end of the capacitor discharging unit is electrically connected with ground; the control end of the first switching tube is electrically connected with the output end of the first driving unit, and the power supply end of the first driving unit is electrically connected with the first end of the bus capacitor; the first driving unit controls the first switching tube to be closed when the air conditioner controller is powered off, and controls the first switching tube to be opened when the air conditioner controller works; the air conditioner controller also comprises a low-voltage power supply unit and a control unit; the first driving unit comprises a second switching tube, the control end of the second switching tube is electrically connected with the power output end of the low-voltage power supply unit or the control end of the second switching tube is electrically connected with the signal output end of the control unit, the first end of the second switching tube is electrically connected with the first end of the bus capacitor, and the second end of the second switching tube is electrically connected with ground; the power output end of the low-voltage power supply unit is electrically connected with the power supply end of the control unit; when the air conditioner controller is powered down, the low-voltage power supply unit or the control unit controls the second switching tube to generate a control signal for enabling the first switching tube to be closed.
2. The air conditioner controller according to claim 1, wherein the capacitive discharge unit further comprises a third relay; the third relay is a normally closed relay and is connected with the first resistor and the first switching tube in series; the first control end of the third relay is electrically connected with the power supply end, and the second control end of the third relay is electrically connected with the ground.
3. An air conditioner controller according to claim 1 wherein the capacitive discharge unit further comprises a second PTC resistor and/or a self-healing fuse in series with the first resistor and first switching tube.
4. The air conditioner controller according to claim 1, further comprising a second driving unit; the capacitor discharging unit further comprises a fourth relay; the fourth relay is a normally closed relay, and is connected with the first resistor and the first switching tube in series; the first control end of the fourth relay is electrically connected with the power supply end, and the second control end of the fourth relay is electrically connected with the output end of the second driving unit; the input end of the second driving unit is electrically connected with the signal output end of the control unit.
5. The air conditioner controller according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a first rectifying unit, a third driving unit, and a soft start unit; the input end of the low-voltage power supply unit is electrically connected with the output end of the first rectifying unit, and the input end of the PFC unit is connected with the output end of the first rectifying unit; the power output end of the low-voltage power supply unit is electrically connected with the power supply end of the control unit; one end of the soft start unit is electrically connected with the input end of the first rectifying unit, and the other end of the soft start unit can be electrically connected with an input power supply; the signal output end of the control unit is electrically connected with the third driving unit; and the third driving unit is electrically connected with the control end of the controllable switch tube of the soft start unit.
6. The air conditioner controller according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a first rectifying unit, a second rectifying unit, a control unit, a third driving unit, and a soft start unit; the input ends of the first rectifying unit and the second rectifying unit can be electrically connected with the input power supply; the input end of the low-voltage power supply unit is electrically connected with the output end of the second rectifying unit, and the input end of the PFC unit is connected with the output end of the first rectifying unit; the power output end of the low-voltage power supply unit is electrically connected with the power supply end of the control unit; one end of the soft start unit is electrically connected with the input end of the first rectifying unit, and the other end of the soft start unit can be electrically connected with an input power supply; the signal output end of the control unit is electrically connected with the third driving unit; and the third driving unit is electrically connected with the control end of the controllable switch tube of the soft start unit.
7. The air conditioner controller according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein when the air conditioner controller is powered down, a control terminal of the second switching tube receives a low level control signal, and a first terminal of the second switching tube generates a control signal for turning on the first switching tube and outputs the control signal to the control terminal of the first switching tube; the first switch tube is a triode, a MOS tube or an IGBT; the second switch tube is a triode, a MOS tube or an IGBT.
8. The air conditioner controller according to claim 7, wherein the first switching tube is an N-MOS tube and the second switching tube is an NPN triode; the first driving unit further comprises a fifth resistor and a voltage stabilizing tube; the collector electrode of the second switching tube is electrically connected with the first end of the bus capacitor through a fifth resistor, and the base electrode of the second switching tube is electrically connected with the power output end of the low-voltage power supply unit or the signal output end of the control unit; the transmitting stage of the second switching tube is electrically connected with the ground; the drain electrode of the first switch tube is electrically connected with the first end of the bus capacitor through the first resistor; the gate electrode of the first switching tube is electrically connected with the collector electrode of the second switching tube; the source electrode of the first switching tube is electrically connected with the ground; the gate electrode of the first switching tube is also electrically connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing tube, and the anode of the voltage stabilizing tube is electrically connected with the ground.
9. The air conditioner controller according to claim 7, wherein the first switching tube is a P-MOS tube and the second switching tube is an NPN triode; the first driving unit further comprises an eighth resistor and a ninth resistor, the first end of the ninth resistor is electrically connected with the first end of the bus capacitor, the second end of the ninth resistor is electrically connected with the first end of the eighth resistor, the second end of the eighth resistor is electrically connected with the collector electrode of the second switching tube, the emitter electrode of the second switching tube is electrically connected with the ground, and the base electrode of the second switching tube is electrically connected with the power output end of the low-voltage power supply unit or the signal output end of the control unit; the source electrode of the first switch tube is electrically connected with the first end of the bus capacitor; the gate electrode of the first switching tube is electrically connected with the first end of the eighth resistor; the drain electrode of the first switching tube is electrically connected with ground through the first resistor.
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| CN202111245988 | 2021-10-25 | ||
| CN2021112459884 | 2021-10-25 |
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| WO2020147239A1 (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2020-07-23 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Drive control circuit, air conditioner and controller |
| KR20210028363A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2021-03-12 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Power transforming apparatus having thermal protection function |
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| CN104976731B (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2018-08-21 | 杭州先途电子有限公司 | Air-conditioner controller and its safety control circuit |
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| JPH1126844A (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 1999-01-29 | Miyachi Technos Corp | Laser power supply device |
| KR20180092085A (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2018-08-17 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Power transforming apparatus and air conditioner including the same |
| KR20180125690A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2018-11-26 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Power transforming apparatus and air conditioner including the same |
| CN108023473A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-05-11 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Pfc circuit, electric machine control system and transducer air conditioning |
| WO2020147239A1 (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2020-07-23 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Drive control circuit, air conditioner and controller |
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| CN114362502A (en) | 2022-04-15 |
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