CN114362208A - Energy storage wind power converter and control method thereof - Google Patents
Energy storage wind power converter and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an energy storage wind power converter and a control method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the voltage and frequency of a power grid; according to the power grid voltage and the power grid frequency, respectively adopting corresponding control modes for a grid side topology, a machine side topology and a direct current side topology in the energy storage wind power converter so as to enable the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter to be matched with the current power grid voltage and the current power grid frequency; the working modes of the grid side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology in the energy storage wind power converter are switched through the voltage and the frequency of the power grid, so that the power of the energy storage wind power converter is stable, and the stability of the energy storage wind power converter is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage, and particularly relates to an energy storage wind power converter and a control method thereof.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the permeability of a new energy power grid mainly comprising wind power and photovoltaic, a traditional wind generating set aiming at adapting to the power grid and stabilizing power output gradually expands towards a power grid-friendly control target of supporting the power grid. The auxiliary wind turbine generator realizes inertia response, primary frequency modulation and the like, and becomes a main application mode of an energy storage combined wind turbine generator scene. The general wind storage system comprises a wind turbine generator, a wind power converter and energy storage equipment, the DC/DC converter is dispatched by receiving an external instruction, the energy storage energy and the wind power converter energy are exchanged, the wind storage combined frequency modulation, power smoothing and the like are realized, the loss of kinetic energy of a rotor of the wind turbine generator can be reduced by the stored energy, the secondary drop of the power grid frequency under the frequency modulation working condition is avoided, meanwhile, the maximum power tracking of the wind turbine generator is not required to be sacrificed to reserve the frequency modulation power, and the wind storage combination can obviously improve the power grid friendliness of the wind turbine generator.
An existing widely-applied wind-storage direct-current coupling system is shown in fig. 1, an energy storage unit of the existing widely-applied wind-storage direct-current coupling system is scheduled and controlled through a direct-current side external DCDC converter of a wind power converter, so that stability of power output by the wind power converter to a power grid is guaranteed, but due to communication delay among an energy management system, the wind power converter, a DC/DC converter and the energy storage unit, the DC/DC converter and an upper-layer control system are disordered in structure. In the face of complex application scenarios, such as high-low voltage ride through and other grid faults, and emergency frequency modulation and other situations requiring quick matching response of the wind power converter and the DC/DC converter, the current wind-storage direct-current coupling topology and control architecture have great limitations, power output with energy storage lag at the direct-current side can cause power oscillation of the wind power converter, and wind-storage combined operation can even seriously affect stable operation of the wind power converter.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention aims to provide an energy storage wind power converter and a control method thereof, which are suitable for complex application scenarios, ensure the power stability of the energy storage wind power converter, and improve the stability of the energy storage wind power converter.
The first aspect of the application discloses a control method of an energy storage wind power converter, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring the voltage and frequency of a power grid;
according to the power grid voltage and the power grid frequency, respectively adopting corresponding control modes for a grid side topology, a machine side topology and a direct current side topology in the energy storage wind power converter so as to enable the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter to be matched with the current power grid voltage and the current power grid frequency;
wherein, the control mode adopted to the network side topology comprises: a dc voltage loop and a current loop, and, a single current loop; the control mode adopted for the direct current topology comprises the following steps: a dc voltage loop and a current loop, and a power loop and a current loop; the control mode adopted by the machine side topology is that a generator current loop is adopted to realize the closed-loop control of the generator power.
Optionally, the step of respectively adopting corresponding control modes for a grid side topology, a machine side topology and a direct current side topology in the energy storage wind power converter according to the grid voltage and the grid frequency so as to match a working mode of the energy storage wind power converter with the current grid voltage and the current grid frequency includes:
judging whether the power grid voltage is in a preset normal voltage range or not;
if the power grid voltage is in a preset normal voltage range, judging whether the deviation of the power grid frequency and the rated frequency is larger than a preset dead zone limit value or not; if the current mode of the energy storage wind power converter is the first mode, the network side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology are controlled in a corresponding mode, and if the current mode of the energy storage wind power converter is not the second mode, the network side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology are controlled in a corresponding mode.
Optionally, after determining whether the grid voltage is within a preset normal voltage range, if the grid voltage is not within the preset normal voltage range, the method further includes:
and according to the relation that the voltage of the power grid exceeds the preset normal range and the power response capability of the energy storage wind power converter, the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter is a corresponding mode by adopting a corresponding control mode for the grid side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology.
Optionally, according to the relationship that the grid voltage exceeds the preset normal range and the power response capability of the energy storage wind power converter, the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter is a corresponding mode by adopting a corresponding control manner for the grid side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology, including:
judging whether the power grid voltage is larger than the preset normal range or not;
if the power grid voltage is larger than the preset normal range, judging whether the power response capability of the energy storage wind power converter is larger than the preset response capability or not; if so, enabling the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter to be a third mode by adopting a corresponding control mode for the network side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology; if not, the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter is a first mode by adopting a corresponding control mode for the network side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology;
if the power grid voltage is smaller than the preset normal range, judging whether the power response capability of the energy storage wind power converter is larger than the preset response capability or not; if so, enabling the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter to be a fourth mode by adopting a corresponding control mode for the network side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology; if not, the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter is the first mode by adopting a corresponding control mode for the network side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology.
Optionally, if the grid voltage is greater than the preset normal range, before determining whether the power response capability of the energy storage wind power converter is greater than the preset response capability, the method further includes:
judging whether the power grid voltage is larger than a first preset voltage value or not;
if so, executing a step of judging whether the power response capability of the energy storage wind power converter is larger than a preset response capability;
if not, the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter is the first mode by adopting a corresponding control mode for the network side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology.
Optionally, if the grid voltage is smaller than the preset normal range, before determining whether the power response capability of the energy storage wind power converter is greater than the preset response capability, the method further includes:
judging whether the power grid voltage is larger than a second preset voltage value or not;
if so, controlling the energy storage wind power converter to stop;
and if not, executing the step of judging whether the power response capability of the energy storage wind power converter is greater than the preset response capability.
Optionally, the first mode is: and adopting a direct current voltage loop and a current loop to control the network side topology, and adopting a direct current voltage loop and a current loop to control the direct current side topology.
Optionally, the second mode is: and adopting direct current voltage loop and current loop control to the network side topology, and adopting power loop and current loop control to the direct current side topology.
Optionally, the third mode is: and the network side topology is controlled by a single current loop, and the direct current side topology is controlled by a direct current voltage loop and a current loop.
Optionally, the fourth mode is: and adopting single current loop control for the network side topology, and adopting power loop and current loop control for the direct current side topology.
The second aspect of the application discloses an energy storage wind power converter, includes: a core controller, a machine side topology, a network side topology and a direct current side topology;
the machine side topology, the network side topology and the direct current side topology form three ports through a direct current bus; the machine side topology is connected with a wind turbine set; the network side topology is connected with a power grid; the direct current side topology is connected with an energy storage unit;
the machine side topology, the network side topology and the direct current side topology are all controlled by the core controller;
the core controller is combined with the machine side topology, the network side topology and the direct current side topology to realize the control method of the energy storage wind power converter according to any one of the first aspect of the application.
Optionally, the core controller includes: a network side controller, a machine side controller and a direct current side controller;
the network side controller controls the network side topology;
the machine side controller controls the machine side topology;
the DC side controller controls the DC side topology.
Optionally, the network side controller, the machine side controller and the direct current side controller are all independent controllers; or at least two of the network side controller, the machine side controller and the direct current side controller share one controller.
Optionally, the topology of the direct current side of the energy storage wind power converter is a bidirectional DC/DC topology.
Optionally, a voltage of a side, where the dc side topology is connected to the dc bus, is higher than a voltage of a side, where the dc side topology is connected to the energy storage unit.
Optionally, the dc side topology, the network side topology, and the machine side topology are two-level topology or three-level topology, respectively.
Optionally, the relationship between the dc side topology of the energy storage wind power converter and the energy storage unit is a 1-to-1 relationship, or a 1-to-many relationship.
According to the technical scheme, the control method of the energy storage wind power converter provided by the invention comprises the following steps: acquiring the voltage and frequency of a power grid; according to the power grid voltage and the power grid frequency, respectively adopting corresponding control modes for a grid side topology, a machine side topology and a direct current side topology in the energy storage wind power converter so as to enable the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter to be matched with the current power grid voltage and the current power grid frequency; the working modes of the grid side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology in the energy storage wind power converter are switched through the voltage and the frequency of the power grid, so that the power of the energy storage wind power converter is stable, and the stability of the energy storage wind power converter is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage wind power converter provided by the prior art;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a control method of an energy storage wind power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of another control method of an energy storage wind power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a control block diagram of another energy storage wind power converter provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of another control method of an energy storage wind power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of another control method of an energy storage wind power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of another control method of an energy storage wind power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of another control method of the energy storage wind power converter according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a flowchart of another control method of an energy storage wind power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage wind power converter provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage wind power converter provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage wind power converter provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage wind power converter, a grid-side topology and a machine-side topology thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14(a) - (c) are schematic diagrams of a dc side topology in an energy storage wind power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In this application, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The embodiment of the application provides a control method of an energy storage wind power converter, which is used for solving the problems that the current wind storage direct current coupling topology and control architecture in the prior art have great limitation, the power output of the direct current side with energy storage lag can cause power oscillation of the wind power converter, and the wind storage combined operation can even seriously affect the stable operation of the wind power converter.
Referring to fig. 2, the control method of the energy storage wind power converter includes:
and S101, acquiring the voltage and the frequency of the power grid.
It should be noted that the grid voltage and the grid frequency can represent the state of the environment of the energy storage converter; such as peak clipping and valley filling, fault ride-through, primary frequency modulation, fast dynamic reactive power support of a power grid, fast power response under transient state and other application scenes; of course, the application scenarios are not limited to the above description, and are not repeated here, and are all within the protection scope of the present application.
And S102, respectively adopting corresponding control modes for a grid side topology, a machine side topology and a direct current side topology in the energy storage wind power converter according to the grid voltage and the grid frequency so as to enable the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter to be matched with the current grid voltage and the current grid frequency.
Wherein, the control mode that adopts to network side topology includes: a dc voltage loop and a current loop, and, a single current loop; the control method adopted for the direct current topology comprises the following steps: a dc voltage loop and a current loop, and a power loop and a current loop; the control mode adopted by the machine side topology is that a generator current loop is adopted to realize the closed-loop control of the generator power.
That is, both the network side topology and the dc side topology can operate in two modes; and then the two control modes of the two topologies can be combined to obtain four working modes. That is, when the grid voltage and the grid frequency are in different conditions, the working modes of the topologies can be controlled, so that the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter is matched with the current grid voltage and the current grid frequency.
It should be noted that, the network side topology, the machine side topology, and the dc side topology are controlled, for example, the network side topology is controlled to be in its own first working mode or second working mode; the controller side topology is in a first working mode or a second working mode of the controller side topology; and controlling the direct current side topology to be in a first working mode and a second working mode of the direct current side topology.
In the network side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology, respective working modes are different, namely the network side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology are treated differently and are respectively in corresponding working modes.
That is to say, mutual assistance between the three topologies is controlled to make the energy storage wind power converter operate stably no matter what application environment the energy storage wind power converter is in, and the energy storage wind power converter is prevented from breaking down.
In the embodiment, the power of the energy storage wind power converter is stable and the stability of the energy storage wind power converter is improved through the working modes of the grid side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology of the grid voltage and grid frequency energy storage wind power converter.
In practical applications, referring to fig. 3, the step S102 includes:
s201, judging whether the power grid voltage is in a preset normal voltage range.
It should be noted that the upper limit of the preset normal voltage range may be U2The lower limit of the preset normal voltage range may be U1(ii) a The U is2And U1The value of (b) is not specifically limited herein, and may be determined according to actual conditions, and is within the scope of the present application.
When the voltage of the power grid is greater than or equal to U1And is less than or equal to U2If so, judging that the power grid voltage is within a preset normal voltage range; when the voltage of the power grid is less than U1Or greater than U2And judging that the power grid voltage is out of the preset normal voltage range, namely the power grid voltage is not in the preset normal voltage range.
If the grid voltage is within the preset normal voltage range, step S202 is executed.
S202, judging whether the deviation of the power grid frequency and the rated frequency is larger than a preset dead zone limit value or not.
The value of the preset dead zone limit is not specifically limited, and is determined according to the actual situation, and is within the protection scope of the application.
If the deviation between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency is larger than the preset dead zone limit value, executing a step S203; and if the deviation between the grid frequency and the rated frequency is less than or equal to the preset dead zone limit value, executing step S204.
S203, the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter is set to be a first mode by adopting a corresponding control mode for the network side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology.
And S204, adopting a corresponding control mode for the network side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology to enable the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter to be a second mode.
It is noted that, as shown in FIG. 4, wherein IwrefCurrent of machine side topology; vdcrefIs a dc bus voltage; i isgreA current that is a net side topology; prefIs straightPower of the stream side topology; Δ f represents the deviation of the grid frequency from the nominal frequency.
The control of the machine side topology can be closed-loop control of the generator power for the generator current loop; that is, in each working mode, the working mode of the machine side topology adopts the current loop of the generator to realize the closed-loop control of the power of the generator. That is, in the first mode, the second mode, the third mode and the fourth mode, the generator current loop is adopted for the machine side topology to realize the closed-loop control of the generator power.
The control of the network side topology can work in two modes, namely direct current voltage loop and current loop control and single current loop control. The direct-current voltage loop maintains the voltage of the direct-current bus to be constant, controls the active power at the direct-current side and the active power of the grid side to be merged into the power grid, and the redundant energy can be temporarily stored on the capacitance of the direct-current side bus to enable the voltage of the direct-current bus to be increased, otherwise, the voltage of the direct-current bus is reduced, so that the power balance is rapidly controlled, the voltage of the bus can be maintained to be stable, the direct-current voltage loop is used for stabilizing the voltage, and the current loop controls the waveform of the output current of the power converter.
The control on the direct current side topology can also work in two modes, namely a direct current voltage loop and a current loop, wherein the direct current voltage loop can keep the voltage of a capacitor on the direct current side constant, and the current loop controls the charging and discharging of the energy storage unit, namely constant voltage control; the power loop and the current loop input or output power according to a specific power instruction, the power loop and the current loop are directly expressed as a current source characteristic to the outside, the unbalanced fluctuation of the power can be stabilized, the fan can work in a boosting mode to supply energy, and the fan can also work in a voltage reduction mode to absorb energy from a direct current side, namely, the constant power control is carried out.
Under the combination of the control over the network side topology and the control over the dc side topology, wherein it is defined that the dc voltage loop and the current loop are adopted for the network side topology as mode 1, the single current loop is controlled as mode 2, the dc voltage loop and the current loop are adopted for the dc side topology as mode 1, and the power loop and the current loop are adopted for the power loop as mode 2, the following operating modes are formed, and are shown in table 1 as follows:
table 1: control mode table
Note that, in the first mode: the control to the network side topology is a direct current voltage loop and a current loop, and the control to the direct current side topology is a direct current voltage loop and a current loop: in the mode, the wind power plant keeps active and reactive control capability in normal operation, the energy storage is also switched to stable direct current side voltage control, and the method is suitable for converter direct current voltage management and peak clipping and valley filling working conditions under normal voltage under grid fault ride-through or grid abnormity.
The second mode is as follows: the control of the network side topology is a direct current voltage loop and a current loop, and the control of the direct current side topology is a power loop and a current loop: in the mode, the grid side is controlled to operate in a unit power factor mode, the aim is to maintain the stability of the voltage of the direct current bus, the power output by the inverter to the power grid is ensured to be equal to the topological input of the direct current side, when the energy storage is injected into or absorbs the power from the direct current bus, the real-time response can be carried out on the power grid side, and the power grid control system is suitable for primary frequency modulation and the like which need the energy storage unit to provide continuous and stable power.
The third mode is as follows: the control of the network side topology is a single current loop, and the control of the direct current side topology is a direct current voltage loop and a current loop: in the mode, the network side control outputs reactive current preferentially, the direct current side control is responsible for supporting the voltage of the direct current side control to recover rapidly, the energy storage bears the task of stabilizing the voltage of the direct current side by absorbing redundant power, and the method is suitable for providing a large amount of rapid dynamic reactive power support for the power grid.
The fourth mode is as follows: the control of the network side topology is a single current loop, and the control of the direct current side topology is a power loop plus a current loop: under the condition that the reactive power of the grid side control is required to be prior, the direct current voltage is not controlled any more under the condition that the requirement of reactive current is met, meanwhile, active current is output as much as possible, the fluctuation of the active power needs to be stabilized through the direct current side control, and the method is suitable for quick power response control under the transient state of the power grid.
That is, the first mode is: and the direct current side topology adopts direct current voltage loop and current loop control.
The second mode is as follows: the network side topology adopts a direct current voltage loop and a current loop for control, and the direct current side topology adopts a power loop and a current loop for control.
The third mode is as follows: the network side topology is controlled by a single current loop, and the direct current side topology adopts a direct current voltage loop and a current loop.
The fourth mode is as follows: the network side topology adopts single current loop control, and the direct current side topology adopts power loop and current loop control.
Of course, the control manner of each mode is only an example, and details are not described herein and are all within the protection scope of the present application.
In practical applications, as shown in fig. 5, after step S201, if the grid voltage is not within the preset normal voltage range, the method further includes:
s301, according to the relation that the voltage of the power grid exceeds a preset normal range and the power response capability of the energy storage wind power converter, the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter is a corresponding mode by adopting a corresponding control mode for the grid side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology.
As shown in fig. 6, the specific working process of step S301 is:
s401, judging whether the power grid voltage is larger than a preset normal range.
It should be noted that, in the above step S201, it has been determined whether the range is within the preset normal range. The step is triggered when the voltage is not in a preset normal range; therefore, the step can be to judge whether the power grid voltage is larger than the preset normal range by judging whether the power grid voltage is larger than any value in the preset normal range; if the grid voltage is judged to be greater than U1And under the condition of adopting other values, the details are not repeated herein and are all within the protection scope of the application.
That is, when the grid voltage is greater than any value within the preset normal range, it is determined that the grid voltage is greater than the preset normal range, and when the grid voltage is less than any value within the preset normal range, it is determined that the grid voltage is less than the preset normal range.
If the grid voltage is greater than the preset normal range, executing step S402; if the grid voltage is smaller than the preset normal range, step S405 is executed.
S402, judging whether the power response capability of the energy storage wind power converter is larger than the preset response capability.
If the power response capability is greater than the preset response capability, step S403 is executed.
And S403, enabling the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter to be a third mode by adopting a corresponding control mode for the network side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology.
If the power response capability is smaller than the preset response capability, step S404 is executed.
S404, the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter is set to be a first mode by adopting a corresponding control mode for the network side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology.
S405, judging whether the power response capability of the energy storage wind power converter is larger than a preset response capability.
If the power response capability is greater than the preset response capability, step S406 is executed.
And S406, enabling the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter to be a fourth mode by adopting a corresponding control mode for the network side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology.
If the power response capability is smaller than the preset response capability, step S407 is executed.
And S407, enabling the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter to be a first mode by adopting a corresponding control mode for the network side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology.
In practical applications, the first mode is: the network side topology adopts a direct current voltage loop and a current loop for control, and the direct current side topology adopts a direct current voltage loop and a current loop for control.
In practical application, as shown in fig. 7, if the grid voltage is greater than the preset normal range, before determining whether the power response capability of the energy storage wind power converter is greater than the preset response capability, that is, before executing step S402, the method further includes:
s501, judging whether the power grid voltage is larger than a first preset voltage value.
If yes, go to step S402; if not, go to step S404.
In practical application, as shown in fig. 8, if the grid voltage is smaller than the preset normal range, before determining whether the power response capability of the energy storage wind power converter is greater than the preset response capability, that is, before step S405, the method further includes:
s601, judging whether the power grid voltage is larger than a second preset voltage value.
If yes, go to step S602; if not, go to step S405.
And S602, controlling the energy storage wind power converter to stop.
The grid voltage and the grid frequency are judged to determine which mode to work in, and the specific flow is shown in fig. 9, where UgRepresenting the grid voltage and af the deviation of the grid frequency from the nominal frequency.
For the voltage judgment condition: u is not less than 03<U1<UN<U2<U4,UNFor rated grid voltage, U1The equivalence can be set; the details are not repeated here and are within the scope of the present application.
And judging the conditions of the power grid frequency: k is a dead zone limit value, which can be set, and specific values thereof are not described herein any more, and are all within the scope of the present application.
The specific process comprises the following steps: when the network voltage U1≤Ug≤U2And the grid voltage is considered to be normal.
(1) When the voltage of the power grid is normal and the frequency deviation of the power grid is larger than the dead zone limit value, the energy storage wind power converter operates in a second mode and can perform primary frequency modulation.
(2) When the voltage of the power grid is normal and the frequency deviation of the power grid is smaller than the dead zone limit value, the energy storage wind power converter operates in a first mode and can perform peak clipping and valley filling.
(3) When the electric networkAbnormal voltage, U3<Ug<U1And when the quick power response is enabled, the energy storage wind power converter operates in a third mode, and a large amount of quick dynamic reactive power support can be provided for a power grid.
It should be noted that the fast power response enable is that the power response capability is greater than the preset response capability.
(4) When the voltage of the power grid is abnormal, U3<Ug<U1And when the quick power response is not enabled, the energy storage wind power converter operates in the first mode, and can perform grid fault ride-through.
It should be noted that the fast power response is not enabled, and the power response capability is smaller than the preset response capability.
(5) When the voltage of the power grid is abnormal, the U2 is more than Ug and less than U4, and the quick power response is enabled, the energy storage wind power converter operates in the fourth mode at the moment, and quick power response control under the transient state of the power grid can be carried out.
(6) When the voltage of the power grid is abnormal, the U2 is more than Ug and less than U4, and the quick power response is not enabled, the energy storage wind power converter operates in a first mode, and the fault ride-through of the power grid can be carried out.
(7) When the voltage of the power grid is too high, the machine is considered to be tolerant, and shutdown treatment is carried out.
In the embodiment, a wind-storage combined control method, mode switching and a flexible control architecture are provided for application scenarios such as power scheduling, power grid failure and emergency frequency modulation.
The application further provides an energy storage wind power converter.
As shown in fig. 10, the energy storage wind power converter includes: a core controller (including a network side controller, a machine side controller, and a dc side controller as shown in fig. 10), a machine side topology (the machine side as shown in fig. 10), a network side topology (the network side as shown in fig. 10), and a dc side topology (the dc side as shown in fig. 10).
The machine side topology, the network side topology and the direct current side topology form three ports through a direct current bus; the machine side is connected with a wind turbine set in a topological way; the network side topology is connected with a power grid; the direct current side topology is connected with the energy storage unit.
Specifically, one side of the machine side topology, one side of the network side topology and one side of the direct current side topology are respectively connected to the direct current bus; the other side of the machine side topology is used as a port of the energy storage wind power converter and connected with a wind turbine set; the other side of the network side topology is used as a port of the energy storage wind power converter and is connected with a power grid; and the other side of the direct current side topology is used as a port of the energy storage converter and is connected with the energy storage unit.
The machine side topology, the network side topology and the direct current side topology are all controlled by a core controller.
The core controller is combined with the machine side topology, the network side topology and the direct current side topology to realize the control method of the energy storage wind power converter provided by any one of the embodiments.
The process and the principle of the control method of the energy storage wind power converter are referred to, and the details are referred to the above embodiment, which is not repeated herein and is within the protection scope of the present application.
In practical applications, as shown in fig. 10, the core controller includes: a network side controller, a machine side controller and a direct current side controller.
The network side controller controls the network side topology.
The machine side controller controls the machine side topology.
The dc side controller controls the dc side topology.
In practical applications, as shown in fig. 10, the network side controller, the machine side controller and the dc side controller are all independent controllers. That is, machine side control, network side control and direct current side control are independent control respectively, and the bottom layer logic control between the wind generating set, the power grid and the energy storage system is completely decoupled in the control architecture, so that the implementation is convenient, but hardware resources are consumed more.
Or at least two of the network side controller, the machine side controller and the direct current side controller share one controller.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 11, the machine side control is independent control, and the network side control and the direct current side control are combined control; that is, the machine side controller is an independent controller, and the network side controller and the direct current side controller share one controller. In the control framework, network side control and direct current side control are fused with each other, control resources are shared, and energy storage and coordination control between power grids are considered while the output of the wind turbine generator is matched.
As shown in fig. 12, the network side control, the machine side control, and the direct current side control are combined control; that is, the machine-side controller, the grid-side controller, and the dc-side controller share one controller. The control redundancy in the control framework is smaller and simpler, the control framework is more advantageous, and even the control strategy related to the wind turbine generator can be added to participate in the coordination control between the energy storage and the power grid, so that the optimal control is realized.
Three topologies are illustrated below:
(1) as shown in fig. 13, the machine-side topology includes a first switching tube Q1, a second switching tube Q2, a third switching tube Q3, a fourth switching tube Q4, a fifth switching tube Q5 and a sixth switching tube Q6.
The first end of the first switch tube Q1, the first end of the second switch tube Q2 and the first end of the third switch tube Q3 are connected, the connection point is connected with the positive pole Vdc + of the direct current bus, the second end of the fourth switch tube Q4, the second end of the fifth switch tube Q5 and the second end of the sixth switch tube Q6 are connected, and the connection point is connected with the negative pole Vdc-of the direct current bus.
The second end of the first switching tube Q1 is connected with the first end of the fourth switching tube Q4, and the connection point is connected with the wind turbine generator through an A1 cable; the second end of the second switch tube Q2 is connected with the first end of the fifth switch tube Q5, and the connection point is connected with the wind turbine generator through a B1 cable. The second end of the third switching tube Q3 is connected with the first end of the sixth switching tube Q6, and the connection point is connected with the wind turbine generator through a C1 cable.
The machine side topology may be a two-level topology or a three-level topology, which is not described herein again and is within the protection scope of the present application.
(2) Referring also to fig. 13, the network-side topology includes: a seventh switch tube Q7, an eighth switch tube Q8, a ninth switch tube Q9, a tenth switch tube Q10, an eleventh switch tube Q11 and a twelfth switch tube Q12.
The first end of the seventh switch tube Q7, the first end of the eighth switch tube Q8 and the first end of the ninth switch tube Q9 are connected, the connection point is connected with a positive pole Vdc + of the direct current bus, the second end of the tenth switch tube Q10, the second end of the eleventh switch tube Q11 and the second end of the twelfth switch tube Q12 are connected, and the connection point is connected with a negative pole Vdc-of the direct current bus.
A second end of the seventh switching tube Q7 is connected with a first end of a tenth switching tube Q10, and the connection point is connected with the power grid through an A2 cable; the second end of the eighth switch tube Q8 is connected with the first end of the eleventh switch tube Q11, and the connection point is connected with the power grid through a B2 cable. The second end of the ninth switching tube Q9 is connected with the first end of the twelfth switching tube Q12, and the connection point is connected with the power grid through a C2 cable.
The network side topology may be a two-level topology or a three-level topology, which is not described herein again and is within the protection scope of the present application.
(3) In practical application, the direct-current side topology of the energy storage wind power converter is a bidirectional DC/DC topology.
Since the battery side voltage is always lower than the bus side voltage in the system, the topology may be a topology in which only the bus side voltage V1 is stepped down to the battery side voltage V2 and the battery side voltage V2 is stepped up to the bus side voltage V1, as shown in fig. 14(a), or a bidirectional step-up and step-down topology, as shown in fig. 14(b) and 14(c), and meanwhile, the dc side topology is not limited to the above topology, and may be a two-level topology or a three-level topology.
That is, in practical applications, the voltage of the side where the dc side topology is connected to the dc bus is higher than the voltage of the side where the dc side topology is connected to the energy storage unit.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 14(a), a first end of the switching tube Q1 is connected to one end of the capacitor C1 and the dc bus positive electrode Vdc +, a second end of the switching tube Q1 is connected to a first end of the switching tube Q2, a connection point is connected to one end of the inductor L, and the other end of the inductor L is connected to one end of the capacitor C2; and the second end of the switching tube Q2 is respectively connected with the other ends of the DC bus negative pole Vdc-, the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2. The voltage of the capacitor C1 is taken as the bus-side voltage V1; the voltage of the capacitor C2 is taken as the battery side voltage V2.
As shown in fig. 14(b), the switching tubes Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 are sequentially connected in series, one end of the switching tube Q1 is respectively connected with the positive electrode Vdc + of the dc bus and one end of the capacitor C1, and the connection point between the switching tubes Q1 and Q2 is connected with one end of the capacitor C3 through an inductor; a connection point between the switching tubes Q2 and Q3 is respectively connected with the other end of the capacitor C1 and one end of the capacitor C2; the connecting point between the switching tubes Q3 and Q4 is connected with the other end of the capacitor C3; one end of the switch tube Q4 is respectively connected with the negative electrode Vdc-of the direct current bus and the other end of the capacitor C2. The total voltage of the capacitors C1 and C2 is taken as the bus-side voltage V1; the voltage of the capacitor C3 is taken as the battery side voltage V2.
As shown in fig. 14(c), the switching tubes Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 are sequentially connected in series, and the switching tubes Q5, Q6, Q7 and Q8 are sequentially connected in series; one end of a switching tube Q1 is respectively connected with a positive electrode Vdc + of a direct current bus and one end of a capacitor C1, a connecting point between the switching tubes Q1 and Q2 is connected with a connecting point between the switching tubes Q5 and Q6 through an inductor, and a capacitor C3 is connected in parallel with a series branch of the switching tubes Q5 and Q6.
A connection point between the switching tubes Q2 and Q3 is respectively connected with the other end of the capacitor C1 and one end of the capacitor C2; the connecting point between the switching tubes Q3 and Q4 is connected with the connecting point between the switching tubes Q7 and Q8, and the capacitor C4 is connected in parallel with the series branch of the switching tubes Q7 and Q8; one end of the switch tube Q4 is respectively connected with the negative electrode Vdc-of the direct current bus and the other end of the capacitor C2. The total voltage of the capacitors C1 and C2 is taken as the bus-side voltage V1; the total voltage of the capacitors C3 and C4 is taken as the battery side voltage V2.
Each structure is only an example, and other structures are not described in detail herein any more, and all that is needed is within the scope of the present application, depending on the actual situation.
In practical application, the direct current side topology, the network side topology and the machine side topology are respectively two-level topology or three-level topology.
The energy storage unit can be an energy storage device composed of a lithium iron phosphate battery, a lithium titanate battery and a ternary lithium battery, and can also be other electric energy storage devices such as a flow battery for energy storage. The energy storage device comprises a whole set of energy storage devices such as communication and monitoring, and is not a single electric core.
In practical application, the relation between the direct-current side topology of the energy storage wind power converter and the energy storage unit is 1-to-1 relation or 1-to-many relation.
That is to say, one dc-side topology may be connected to only one energy storage unit, or may be connected to a plurality of energy storage units, which is not specifically limited herein, and is within the protection scope of the present application as appropriate.
It should be noted that, in the structures shown in fig. 10 to 12, the energy storage type wind power converter is the energy storage wind power converter of the present application.
In the embodiment, compared with the traditional wind power converter, the three-port energy storage type wind power converter can realize the quick response of the energy storage power at the direct current side, broaden the reactive power output capability of the wind power converter, greatly break through the power regulation limit of the traditional scheme, and has higher control coordination; compared with the traditional direct-current side coupling scheme, the power grid adaptability of the wind turbine generator set can be effectively improved by adopting the energy storage type wind power converter, and application scenes comprise power grid fault ride-through, power grid unbalance control, power grid stability control and the like; compared with the traditional wind storage system, the energy storage type wind power converter realizes the unified and cooperative control of the wind power converter and the energy storage unit control framework, and can more quickly participate in the purposes of realizing the planned tracking of smooth wind power output, reactive compensation, peak clipping and valley filling, emergency frequency modulation and the like; compared with the traditional direct current side coupling scheme, the method can reduce the overall cost of integration of the wind turbine generator and the energy storage system.
Features described in the embodiments in the present specification may be replaced with or combined with each other, and the same and similar portions among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment is described with emphasis on differences from other embodiments. In particular, the system or system embodiments are substantially similar to the method embodiments and therefore are described in a relatively simple manner, and reference may be made to some of the descriptions of the method embodiments for related points. The above-described system and system embodiments are only illustrative, wherein the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (17)
1. A control method of an energy storage wind power converter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the voltage and frequency of a power grid;
according to the power grid voltage and the power grid frequency, respectively adopting corresponding control modes for a grid side topology, a machine side topology and a direct current side topology in the energy storage wind power converter so as to enable the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter to be matched with the current power grid voltage and the current power grid frequency;
wherein, the control mode adopted to the network side topology comprises: a dc voltage loop and a current loop, and, a single current loop; the control mode adopted for the direct current topology comprises the following steps: a dc voltage loop and a current loop, and a power loop and a current loop; the control mode adopted by the machine side topology is that a generator current loop is adopted to realize the closed-loop control of the generator power.
2. The method for controlling the energy storage wind power converter according to claim 1, wherein the step of respectively adopting corresponding control modes for a grid side topology, a machine side topology and a direct current side topology in the energy storage wind power converter according to the grid voltage and the grid frequency so as to match the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter with the current grid voltage and the current grid frequency comprises the steps of:
judging whether the power grid voltage is in a preset normal voltage range or not;
if the power grid voltage is in a preset normal voltage range, judging whether the deviation of the power grid frequency and the rated frequency is larger than a preset dead zone limit value or not; if the current mode of the energy storage wind power converter is the first mode, the network side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology are controlled in a corresponding mode, and if the current mode of the energy storage wind power converter is not the second mode, the network side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology are controlled in a corresponding mode.
3. The control method of the energy storage wind power converter according to claim 2, wherein after determining whether the grid voltage is in a preset normal voltage range, if the grid voltage is not in the preset normal voltage range, the method further comprises:
and according to the relation that the voltage of the power grid exceeds the preset normal range and the power response capability of the energy storage wind power converter, the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter is a corresponding mode by adopting a corresponding control mode for the grid side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology.
4. The control method of the energy storage wind power converter according to claim 3, wherein according to the magnitude relation that the grid voltage exceeds the preset normal range and the power response capability of the energy storage wind power converter, the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter is made to be a corresponding mode by adopting a corresponding control mode for the grid-side topology, the machine-side topology and the direct-current side topology, and the method comprises the following steps:
judging whether the power grid voltage is larger than the preset normal range or not;
if the power grid voltage is larger than the preset normal range, judging whether the power response capability of the energy storage wind power converter is larger than the preset response capability or not; if so, enabling the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter to be a third mode by adopting a corresponding control mode for the network side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology; if not, the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter is a first mode by adopting a corresponding control mode for the network side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology;
if the power grid voltage is smaller than the preset normal range, judging whether the power response capability of the energy storage wind power converter is larger than the preset response capability or not; if so, enabling the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter to be a fourth mode by adopting a corresponding control mode for the network side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology; if not, the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter is the first mode by adopting a corresponding control mode for the network side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology.
5. The control method of the energy storage wind power converter according to claim 4, wherein if the grid voltage is greater than the preset normal range, before determining whether the power response capability of the energy storage wind power converter is greater than the preset response capability, the method further comprises:
judging whether the power grid voltage is larger than a first preset voltage value or not;
if so, executing a step of judging whether the power response capability of the energy storage wind power converter is larger than a preset response capability;
if not, the working mode of the energy storage wind power converter is the first mode by adopting a corresponding control mode for the network side topology, the machine side topology and the direct current side topology.
6. The control method of the energy storage wind power converter according to claim 4, wherein if the grid voltage is smaller than the preset normal range, before determining whether the power response capability of the energy storage wind power converter is larger than a preset response capability, the method further comprises:
judging whether the power grid voltage is larger than a second preset voltage value or not;
if so, controlling the energy storage wind power converter to stop;
and if not, executing the step of judging whether the power response capability of the energy storage wind power converter is greater than the preset response capability.
7. The control method of the energy storage wind power converter according to claim 4, wherein the first mode is: and adopting a direct current voltage loop and a current loop to control the network side topology, and adopting a direct current voltage loop and a current loop to control the direct current side topology.
8. The control method of the energy storage wind power converter according to claim 4, wherein the second mode is: and adopting direct current voltage loop and current loop control to the network side topology, and adopting power loop and current loop control to the direct current side topology.
9. The control method of the energy storage wind power converter according to claim 4, wherein the third mode is: and the network side topology is controlled by a single current loop, and the direct current side topology is controlled by a direct current voltage loop and a current loop.
10. The control method of the energy storage wind power converter according to claim 4, wherein the fourth mode is: and adopting single current loop control for the network side topology, and adopting power loop and current loop control for the direct current side topology.
11. An energy storage wind power converter, comprising: a core controller, a machine side topology, a network side topology and a direct current side topology;
the machine side topology, the network side topology and the direct current side topology form three ports through a direct current bus; the machine side topology is connected with a wind turbine set; the network side topology is connected with a power grid; the direct current side topology is connected with an energy storage unit;
the machine side topology, the network side topology and the direct current side topology are all controlled by the core controller;
the core controller combines the machine side topology, the grid side topology and the direct current side topology to realize the control method of the energy storage wind power converter according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
12. The energy storing wind power converter according to claim 11, wherein said core controller comprises: a network side controller, a machine side controller and a direct current side controller;
the network side controller controls the network side topology;
the machine side controller controls the machine side topology;
the DC side controller controls the DC side topology.
13. The energy storage wind power converter according to claim 12, wherein the grid-side controller, the machine-side controller and the dc-side controller are all independent controllers; or at least two of the network side controller, the machine side controller and the direct current side controller share one controller.
14. The energy storage wind power converter according to claim 11, wherein the DC side topology of the energy storage wind power converter is a bidirectional DC/DC topology.
15. The energy-storing wind power converter according to claim 14, wherein a voltage of a side of the dc-side topology connected to the dc bus is higher than a voltage of a side of the dc-side topology connected to the energy-storing unit.
16. The energy-storing wind power converter according to any of claims 11-15, wherein the dc-side topology, the grid-side topology and the machine-side topology are two-level topology or three-level topology, respectively.
17. The energy-storing wind power converter according to any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein the relation between the dc-side topology of the energy-storing wind power converter and the energy-storing unit is a 1-to-1 relation, or a 1-to-many relation.
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