CN114357784A - Data model of resource environmental load in casting process - Google Patents
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- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000013499 data model Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011960 computer-aided design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 energy sources Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007528 sand casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of computer aided design and manufacture, and particularly relates to a data model of resource environmental load in a casting process. The method comprises the following steps: (1) according to the evaluation requirement of the environmental influence of the casting process, one or more links in the process are selected and defined as a process scene. (2) Determining the elements of the process scene, including basic description of the process scene, process objects, equipment, energy, key process parameters, auxiliary materials, environmental load and output components. (3) And constructing data entities of the process scene elements. (4) And constructing a physical table of the process scene element data entity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of computer aided design and manufacture, and particularly relates to a data model of resource environmental load in a casting process.
Background
Casting technology is the basic technology of modern mechanical manufacturing industry and is one of the main methods for obtaining mechanical product blanks and parts. The foundry industry is an important industry of national economy, and consumes a large amount of manufacturing resources while creating huge economic wealth, and causes serious influence on the environment. Therefore, the improvement of the green process becomes a key strategy for the sustainable development of the foundry industry. And the improvement of the green process requires the support of a database of the environmental load of relevant resources of the process.
The process resource and environment load data attribute is very complex, and covers the multi-granularity data from rough large-class process to subdivided combined material and equipment, even embodied process parameters and the like; various materials, energy sources, waste liquid, waste gas, solid waste, occupational safety and the like; various sources such as measured data, data, model data and the like are involved; and multi-feature attributes such as different time dimensions, different credibility and the like. At present, a resource environmental load data model under the constraint of complex characteristics is lacked, and the problems of normalized expression, organization and the like of resource environmental load quantitative data with multiple complex attributes can be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a data model of resource environmental load in a casting process, which organizes elements such as raw materials, auxiliary materials, equipment, and the like in the process and resource environmental load data, organizes and associates each element and resource environmental load data in a process scene with the process scene as a link, and stores a process scene data set in a process resource environmental load database system to manage the data. The data model meets the requirements of flexible and dynamic structural organization and expandability and openness of a process database system in a process, maintains the data integrity and consistency of the resource environmental load database, can solve the problems of organization and management of diversified resource environmental load data, and provides a data set with a unified structure for the resource environmental load database.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a data model of environmental load of casting process resources is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: according to the requirement of evaluating the environmental influence of the casting process, one or more working procedures in the process are selected and named as a process scene;
step 2: defining the constituent elements of a process scene, including basic description of the process scene, process objects, equipment, energy, key process parameters, auxiliary materials, environmental loads and output components, and expressing the process scene as follows:
scene＝{sceneDescription，object，device，energy，parameters，auxMaterials，envLoad，outputPart}
in the formula, scene represents a process scene, scene _ description represents basic description of the process scene, object represents a process object, namely a main material of the casting process scene, device represents equipment, energy represents energy, parameters represents key process parameters, auxMaterials represents auxiliary materials, namely an auxiliary material playing roles of catalysis, protection and the like in the execution process of the casting process, envLoad represents an environmental load, namely an environmental influence and load substance set such as waste gas, waste liquid, waste water and the like generated in the execution process of the process, and outputPlat represents an output component;
and step 3: constructing data entities of elements of a process scene, constructing the data entities of each type of entities of the process scene, and constructing the names, attributes, main keys and foreign keys of the data entities according to the requirements of describing the data entities, wherein,
3-1: the process scenario basic description data entity is represented as:
sceneDescriptionEntity＝{id，head，craft，operator，executionTime，region，dataSource}
in the formula, sceneDescriptionEntity represents a basic description data entity of a process scene, id represents a process scene number (a main key), head represents a process scene name, draft represents a process type to which the process scene belongs, operator represents an operator, executionTime represents data acquisition time, region represents an acquisition place, and data source represents a scene data source;
3-2: the process object data entity is represented as:
obejctEntity＝{id，obejctTitle，objectType，obejctValue，obejctUnit，senceId}
in the formula, obejctEntity represents a process object entity, id represents a process object number (a primary key), obejctTitle represents a name of a process object, objectType represents a material type of the process object, obejctValue represents the number of the process objects, obejctUnit represents a metering unit of the process object, and seneid represents a scene identifier (a foreign key) to which the process object belongs;
3-3: the device data entity is represented as:
device-entity＝{id，deviceTitle，equipmentType，equipmentPower，capacityParamenters，powerSourceId，senceId}
in the formula, devicenentty represents a device data entity, id represents a device number (main key), deviceTitle represents a device name, equipmentType represents a device model, equipmentPower represents rated power of the device, capacityparameters represents production parameters of the device, powerSource represents a driving energy source identifier of the device, and senceId represents a process scene identifier (foreign key) to which the device belongs;
3-4: the energy data entity is represented as:
energyEntity＝{id，energyTitle，energyValue，energyUnit，senceId}
in the formula, energyModel represents an energy data entity, id represents an energy number (a main key), energyTitle represents an energy type, energyValue represents the consumption of energy, energyUnit represents the unit of energy consumption, and senceId represents a process scene identifier (a foreign key) to which the energy belongs;
3-5: the key process parameter data entity is represented as:
parametersEntity＝{id，parametersTitle，parametersValue，parametersUnit，parametersDescription，senceId}
in the formula, parametersEntity represents a key process parameter data entity, id represents a key process parameter number (a main key), parameterTitle represents the name of a key process parameter, parameterValue represents a key process parameter value, parameterUnit represents the unit of the key process parameter value, parameterDescription represents the description of the key process parameter, and senceId represents a process scene identifier (a foreign key) to which the key process parameter belongs;
3-6: the auxiliary data entity is represented as:
auxMaterialsEntity＝{id，auxMaterialsTitle，auxMaterialsValue，auxMaterialsUnit，auxMaterialsDescription，senceId}
in the formula, auxmaterialentity represents an auxiliary material data entity, id represents an auxiliary material number (a main key), auxmaterialtitle represents the name of an auxiliary material, auxmaterialvalue represents the using amount of the auxiliary material, auxmaterialunit represents the metering unit of the auxiliary material, and seneid represents a process scene identifier (a foreign key) to which the auxiliary material belongs;
3-7: the environmental load data entity is represented as:
envLoadEntity＝{id，envLoadTitle，envLoadType，envLoadValue，envLoadUnit，normalRange，senceId}
in the formula, envLoadEntity represents an environment load data entity, id represents an environment load number (primary key), envLoadTitle represents a name of an environment load, envLoadType represents a type of the environment load, envLoadValue represents a numerical value of the environment load, envLoadUnit represents a unit of the numerical value of the environment load, normalRange represents an environment load allowable emission value specified in a national or industrial standard, and sendeid represents a scene identifier (foreign key) to which the environment load data belongs;
3-8: the output component data entity is represented as:
outputPartEntity＝{id，outputPartTitle，contourDimension，untiWeight，material，wallThickness，senceId}
in the formula, outputplacentity represents an output member data entity, id represents an output member number (main key), outputplactitle represents a name of an output member, constourdimension represents an outer dimension of the output member, unitweight represents a weight of the output member, material represents a material of the output member, wallThickness represents a main wall thickness of the output member, and seneid represents a scene identifier (foreign key) to which the output member belongs.
And 4, step 4: constructing a physical table of the data entities in step 3, converting the attributes in the data entities into columns, and defining a data structure of the columns, wherein,
4-1: the physical table of the basic description data entity of the process scene comprises the following components: id (integer), head (string), craft (string), operator (string), executionTime (integer), region (string), dataSource (string);
4-2: the physical table of the process object data entity contains: id (integer), obejctTitle (string), objectType (string), obejctValue (single precision floating point), obejctUnit (string), senceId (integer);
4-3: the physical table of the device data entity contains: id (integer), deviceTitle (string), equipmentType (string), equipmentPower (integer), capacityparameter (string), powerSourceId (integer), senceId (integer);
4-4: the physical table of energy data entities comprises: id (integer), energyTitle (string), energyValue (single precision floating point), energyUnit (string), senceId (integer);
4-5: the physical table of key process parameter data entities contains: id (integer), parameterTitle (string), parameterValue (single precision floating point), parameterUnit (string), influece (string), senceId (integer);
4-6: the physical table of the auxiliary data entity contains: id (integer), auxmaterialTitle (string), auxmaterialValue (single precision float), auxmaterialUnit (string), senceId (integer);
4-7: the physical table of the environmental load data entity contains: id (integer), envLoadTitle (string), envLoadType (string), envLoadValue (single precision floating point), envLoadUnit (string), normalRange (string), seneid (integer);
4-8: the physical table of output component data entities contains: id (integer), outputPartTitle (string), contourDimension (string), unitWeight (single precision floating point), material (string), wallThickness (string), senceId (integer).
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the data model of the resource environmental load in the casting process provided by the invention meets the requirements of flexible and dynamic structural organization of the process and the expandability and openness of a process database system, and maintains the data integrity and consistency of the resource environmental load database. According to the data model of the resource environmental load in the casting process, the problems of organization and management of diversified resource environmental load data can be solved, and a data set with a unified structure is provided for the resource environmental load database.
Drawings
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a modeling flow of a casting process resource environmental load data model according to the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a process scenario during a casting process.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of link composition of a smelting process scenario.
Fig. 4 is a UML diagram of a resource environment load data model.
FIG. 5 is a physical table model of a smelting process scenario for a casting process.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings in which:
a main link of a typical sand casting process flow is shown in fig. 2, one or more processes in the process flow may be selected and named as a process scenario, a smelting process of the casting process flow is selected as a smelting process scenario in this embodiment, and links of the smelting process scenario are schematically shown in fig. 3 and include main links of batching, feeding, melting, pouring and the like.
Defining the components of the smelting process scene, namely, basic description of the process scene, process objects, equipment, energy, key process parameters, auxiliary materials, environmental loads and output components, respectively, and respectively constructing data entities of the elements of the smelting process scene according to the elements contained in the smelting process scene, wherein the basic description data entities of the smelting process scene are expressed as: { a process scene number (primary key), a process scene name, an identification of a process type to which the process scene belongs, an operator, data acquisition time, an acquisition place, and a scene data source }; the process object data entity is represented as: { process object name, process object usage, measurement unit }; the device data entity is represented as: { equipment number (main key), equipment name, equipment model, rated power of the equipment, production parameters of the equipment, driving energy identification of the equipment, and process scene identification (external key) to which the equipment belongs }; the energy data entity is represented as: { energy number (main key), energy type, energy consumption, unit of energy consumption, process scene identification (external key) to which the energy belongs }; the key process parameter data entity is represented as: { number of key process parameter (main key), name of key process parameter, key process parameter value, unit of key process parameter value, description of key process parameter, process scene identification (external key) to which the key process parameter belongs }; the auxiliary data entity is represented as: { auxiliary material number (main key), name of auxiliary material, dosage of auxiliary material, metering unit of auxiliary material, and process scene identification (external key) to which the auxiliary material belongs }; the environmental load data entity is represented as: { an environmental load number (primary key), a name of the environmental load, a type of the environmental load, a numerical value of the environmental load, a unit of the numerical value of the environmental load, an environmental load allowable discharge value specified in a national or industrial standard, a scene identification (foreign key) to which the environmental load data belongs }; the output component data entity is represented as: { output part number (main key), name of output part, physical dimension of output part, single weight of output part, material of output part, major wall thickness of output part, and scene identification (outer key) to which the output part belongs }.
The attribute in the data entity is converted into the column, the data structure of the column is defined at the same time, and the association relationship between the table and the table is determined through the foreign key. The table fields and the table associations are represented by UML modeling language as shown in FIG. 4.
And finally, acquiring resource environmental load data of a smelting process scene in the modes of sensor field acquisition, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system acquisition and the like, and carrying out standardized processing on the acquired resource environmental load data through the established physical table model of the resource environmental load data to obtain a result as shown in FIG. 5.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A data model of environmental load of casting technological process resources is characterized in that the construction of the data model comprises the following steps:
step 1: according to the requirement of evaluating the environmental influence of the casting process, one or more working procedures in the process are selected and named as a process scene;
step 2: defining the constituent elements of a process scene, including basic description of the process scene, process objects, equipment, energy, key process parameters, auxiliary materials, environmental loads and output components, and expressing the process scene as follows:
scene＝{sceneDescription，object，device，energy，parameters，auxMaterials，envLoad，outputPart}
in the formula, scene represents a process scene, scene description represents a basic description of the process scene, object represents a process object, device represents equipment, energy represents energy, parameters represents key process parameters, auxMaterials represents auxiliary materials, envLoad represents environmental load, and outputPlart represents an output component;
and step 3: constructing a data entity of the process scene element;
and 4, step 4: a physical table of data entities is constructed.
2. A data model of environmental loading of casting process resources as defined in claim 1, wherein: the data entity for constructing the process scene element in the step 3 is characterized in that:
3-1: the process scenario basic description data entity is represented as:
sceneDescriptionEntity＝{id，head，craft，operator，executionTime，region，dataSource}
in the formula, sceneDescriptionEntity represents a basic description data entity of a process scene, id represents a process scene number (a main key), head represents a process scene name, draft represents a process type to which the process scene belongs, operator represents an operator, executionTime represents data acquisition time, region represents an acquisition place, and data source represents a scene data source;
3-2: the process object data entity is represented as:
obejctEntity＝{id，obejctTitle，objectType，obejctValue，obejctUnit，senceId}
in the formula, obejctEntity represents a process object entity, id represents a process object number (a primary key), obejctTitle represents a name of a process object, objectType represents a material type of the process object, obejctValue represents the number of the process objects, obejctUnit represents a metering unit of the process object, and seneid represents a scene identifier (a foreign key) to which the process object belongs;
3-3: the device data entity is represented as:
device_entity＝{id，deviceTitle，equipmentType，equipmentPower，capacityParamenters，powerSourceId，senceId}
in the formula, devicenentty represents a device data entity, id represents a device number (main key), deviceTitle represents a device name, equipmentType represents a device model, equipmentPower represents rated power of the device, capacityparameters represents production parameters of the device, powerSource represents a driving energy source identifier of the device, and senceId represents a process scene identifier (foreign key) to which the device belongs;
3-4: the energy data entity is represented as:
energyEntity＝{id，energyTitle，energyValue，energyUnit，senceId}
in the formula, energyModel represents an energy data entity, id represents an energy number (a main key), energyTitle represents an energy type, energyValue represents the consumption of energy, energyUnit represents the unit of energy consumption, and senceId represents a process scene identifier (a foreign key) to which the energy belongs;
3-5: the key process parameter data entity is represented as:
parametersEntity＝{id，parametersTitle，parametersValue，parametersUnit，parametersDescription，senceId}
in the formula, parametersEntity represents a key process parameter data entity, id represents a key process parameter number (a main key), parameterTitle represents the name of a key process parameter, parameterValue represents a key process parameter value, parameterUnit represents the unit of the key process parameter value, parameterDescription represents the description of the key process parameter, and senceId represents a process scene identifier (a foreign key) to which the key process parameter belongs;
3-6: the auxiliary data entity is represented as:
auxMaterialsEntity＝{id，auxMaterialsTitle，auxMaterialsValue，auxMaterialsUnit，auxMaterialsDescription，senceId}
in the formula, auxmaterialentity represents an auxiliary material data entity, id represents an auxiliary material number (a main key), auxmaterialtitle represents the name of an auxiliary material, auxmaterialvalue represents the using amount of the auxiliary material, auxmaterialunit represents the metering unit of the auxiliary material, and seneid represents a process scene identifier (a foreign key) to which the auxiliary material belongs;
3-7: the environmental load data entity is represented as:
envLoadEntity＝{id，envLoadTitle，envLoadType，envLoadValue，envLoadUnit，normalRange，senceId}
in the formula, envLoadEntity represents an environment load data entity, id represents an environment load number (primary key), envLoadTitle represents a name of an environment load, envLoadType represents a type of the environment load, envLoadValue represents a numerical value of the environment load, envLoadUnit represents a unit of the numerical value of the environment load, normalRange represents an environment load allowable emission value specified in a national or industrial standard, and sendeid represents a scene identifier (foreign key) to which the environment load data belongs;
3-8: the output component data entity is represented as:
outputPartEntity＝{id，outputPartTitle，contourDimension，untiWeight，material，wallThickness，senceId}
in the formula, outputplacentity represents an output member data entity, id represents an output member number (main key), outputplactitle represents a name of an output member, constourdimension represents an outer dimension of the output member, unitweight represents a weight of the output member, material represents a material of the output member, wallThickness represents a main wall thickness of the output member, and seneid represents a scene identifier (foreign key) to which the output member belongs.
3. A data model of environmental loading of casting process resources as defined in claim 1, wherein: the physical table for constructing the data entity in the step 4 is characterized in that:
4-1: the physical table of the basic description data entity of the process scene comprises the following components: id (integer), head (string), craft (string), operator (string), executionTime (integer), region (string), dataSource (string);
4-2: the physical table of the process object data entity contains: id (integer), obejctTitle (string), objectType (string), obejctValue (single precision floating point), obejctUnit (string), senceId (integer);
4-3: the physical table of the device data entity contains: id (integer), deviceTitle (string), equipmentType (string), equipmentPower (integer), capacityParameters (string), powerSourceId (integer), senceId (integer);
4-4: the physical table of energy data entities comprises: id (integer), energyTitle (string), energyValue (single precision floating point), energyUnit (string), senceId (integer);
4-5: the physical table of key process parameter data entities contains: id (integer), parameterTitle (string), parameterValue (single precision floating point), parameterUnit (string), influece (string), senceId (integer);
4-6: the physical table of the auxiliary data entity contains: id (integer), auxmaterialTitle (string), auxmaterialValue (single precision float), auxmaterialUnit (string), senceId (integer);
4-7: the physical table of the environmental load data entity contains: id (integer), envLoadTitle (string), envLoadType (string), envLoadValue (single precision floating point), envLoadUnit (string), normalRange (string), seneid (integer);
4-8: the physical table of output component data entities contains: id (integer), outputPartTitle (string), contourDimension (string), unitWeight (single precision floating point), material (string), wallThickness (string), senceId (integer).
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