CN114352291B - Construction method of near tunnel - Google Patents
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- CN114352291B CN114352291B CN202210014674.1A CN202210014674A CN114352291B CN 114352291 B CN114352291 B CN 114352291B CN 202210014674 A CN202210014674 A CN 202210014674A CN 114352291 B CN114352291 B CN 114352291B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a method for constructing a near tunnel. The construction method of the near tunnel comprises the following steps: excavating a plurality of close tunnels; erecting a first supporting structure in all tunnels; at least one tunnel is dug and expanded to form a clearance space on one side or two sides of the dug and expanded tunnel, and the clearance space is positioned between two adjacent tunnels. The method for constructing the near-connected tunnel can avoid the phenomenon of tunnel bias voltage under the condition of near-connected construction of two tunnels, namely the construction of the new tunnel and the existing tunnel in parallel left and right and two parallel new tunnels in the same period by actively releasing surrounding rock pressure, thereby avoiding the increase of deformation or deformation rate of the near-connected tunnel, reducing the intrusion and damage risks of the tunnel and further protecting the structure and supporting structure of the tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a method for constructing a near tunnel.
Background
Along with the continuous construction of traffic facilities, tunnel proximity construction phenomena such as the adjacent construction of a newly built tunnel in an existing tunnel, the simultaneous construction of two or more adjacent tunnels and the like occur. In the construction of the tunnel, various adverse effects such as change of stress state, reduction of structural bearing capacity, deformation and even damage of the tunnel can be generated between adjacent tunnels.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at providing a construction method of a near tunnel, for example, by means of actively releasing surrounding rock pressure, tunnel bias voltage phenomenon can be avoided under the condition of near construction of a newly built tunnel and two newly built tunnels which are arranged left and right in parallel and two parallel in the same time, so that deformation or deformation rate of the near tunnel can be prevented from being increased, limit invasion and damage risk of the tunnel are reduced, and the structure and supporting structure of the tunnel are protected.
Embodiments of the invention may be implemented as follows:
the invention provides a construction method of a near tunnel, which comprises the following steps:
excavating a plurality of close tunnels;
Erecting a first supporting structure in all tunnels;
at least one tunnel is dug and expanded to form a clearance space on one side or two sides of the dug and expanded tunnel, and the clearance space is positioned between two adjacent tunnels.
In an alternative embodiment, the headroom is located at one side of the tunnel, the loin to the sidewall.
In an alternative embodiment, the step of expanding at least one tunnel includes:
determining a construction inlet of the expansion digging;
Expanding and excavating at least one of the front end and the rear end of the construction inlet along the extending direction of the expanded and excavated tunnel;
until the top height of the front end and the rear end of the clearance space reaches a first preset elevation and the bottom height reaches a second preset elevation.
In an alternative embodiment, the step of determining the construction inlet for the expanded excavation includes:
And setting a construction inlet on a first supporting structure from the arch waist of the extended tunnel to the side wall part.
In an alternative embodiment, the construction inlet is located in the middle of the tunnel, in the direction of extension of the tunnel.
In an alternative embodiment, the step of expanding the excavation from the construction entrance to at least one of the front and rear ends along the extending direction of the expanded excavation tunnel includes:
Expanding and excavating from a construction inlet to the front end and the rear end along the extending direction of the expanded and excavated tunnel until the top heights of the ends at the front end and the rear end reach a first preset elevation;
The front end and the rear end of the expansion excavation are towards a construction inlet;
Until the top height of the headroom reaches a first preset elevation.
In an alternative embodiment, when the construction inlet is used for expanding excavation towards the front end and the rear end, the expanding excavation direction is inclined upwards;
when the front end and the rear end of the expansion excavation are expanded towards the construction inlet, the expansion excavation direction is the horizontal direction.
In an alternative embodiment, after the step of reaching the first preset elevation by the top height of the headroom, the method for constructing the proximity tunnel includes:
expanding and excavating from a construction inlet to front and rear ends;
Until the bottom height of the headroom reaches a second preset elevation.
In an alternative embodiment, when the construction inlet is extended to the front end and the rear end, the extending direction is a horizontal direction.
In an alternative embodiment, after the step of reaching the first preset elevation by the top height and reaching the second preset elevation by the bottom height at the front end and the rear end of the headroom, the method for constructing the proximity tunnel includes:
And erecting a second supporting structure in the clearance space.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the invention include:
the construction method of the proximity tunnel comprises the following steps: excavating a plurality of close tunnels; erecting a first supporting structure in all tunnels; at least one tunnel is dug and expanded to form a clearance space on one side or two sides of the dug and expanded tunnel, and the clearance space is positioned between two adjacent tunnels.
According to the construction method of the near tunnel, the clearance space is enlarged in the area between two adjacent tunnels, so that the surrounding rock pressure can be actively released, the phenomenon of tunnel bias voltage can be avoided under the condition that the newly-built tunnel is constructed in the same time with the existing two tunnels which are arranged in parallel left and right and two newly-built tunnels which are arranged in parallel, the deformation or deformation rate of the near tunnel can be prevented from being increased, the invasion and damage risk of the tunnel are reduced, and the structure and the supporting structure of the tunnel are protected.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating steps of a method for constructing a proximity tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first view of a headroom according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second view of the headroom according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a tunnel extending from a construction entrance to two ends upwards in an inclined manner in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal expansion tunnel from front and rear ends to a construction entrance in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a tunnel horizontally expanding from a construction entrance to front and rear ends in an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 100-tunneling; 110-a first support structure; 120-headroom; 130-construction import.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on the azimuth or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the azimuth or the positional relationship in which the inventive product is conventionally put in use, it is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and it is not indicated or implied that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus it should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for indicating or implying a relative importance.
It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a construction method of a proximity tunnel, which includes the steps of:
s1: excavating a plurality of tunnels 100;
s2: erecting a first supporting structure 110 in all tunnels 100;
S3: at least one tunnel 100 is excavated to form a headroom space 120 at one side or both sides of the excavated tunnel 100, and the headroom space 120 is located between adjacent two tunnels 100.
The working principle of the construction method of the near tunnel is as follows:
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the method for constructing the proximity tunnel includes the steps of: excavating a plurality of tunnels 100; erecting a first supporting structure 110 in all tunnels 100; at least one tunnel 100 is excavated to form a headroom space 120 at one side or both sides of the excavated tunnel 100, and the headroom space 120 is located between adjacent two tunnels 100.
According to the construction method of the proximity tunnel, the clearance space 120 is enlarged in the area between two adjacent tunnels 100, so that the surrounding rock pressure can be actively released, the phenomenon that the tunnel 100 is biased when the newly-built tunnel 100 is constructed in the same time with two newly-built tunnels 100 which are parallelly arranged left and right and two parallelly arranged left and right of the existing tunnel 100 can be avoided, the deformation or deformation rate of the proximity tunnel 100 can be prevented from being increased, the invasion and damage risk of the tunnel 100 are reduced, and the structure and the supporting structure of the tunnel 100 are protected.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, when two tunnels 100 are constructed closely, the above-mentioned headroom 120 may be enlarged and dug at one side of one of the tunnels 100; when more than two tunnels 100 are constructed in close proximity, one or more tunnels 100 can be dug and expanded, so that a clearance space 120 is formed at one side or two sides of the dug and expanded tunnels 100; thus, when the number of tunnels 100 is different, the position of the headroom 120 may be determined according to the specific situation; that is, the position of the expanded space 120 is not limited to one side of the single tunnel 100, and the specific excavation position and the size of the excavated space 120 can be adjusted according to different deformation levels, deformation influence ranges, surrounding rock parameters, section forms of the tunnel 100, formation lithology and other factors of the tunnel 100, and are determined by numerical calculation and field test results.
For example, the area with larger surrounding rock pressure is generally located in the inner direction between the two tunnels 100, so the direction is also a direction in which a bias phenomenon is easily generated or even the supporting structure is easily damaged, and the supporting structure is easily displaced and damaged due to the excessive surrounding rock pressure, which can be regarded as the result of releasing the strain energy stored in the surrounding rock due to construction disturbance, thus, in this embodiment, the clearance space 120 is illustrated as being located at a position from one side of the tunnel 100 to the side wall; while in other embodiments of the invention the headroom 120 may also be located elsewhere in the tunnel 100.
Further, referring to fig. 1-6, in this embodiment, in order to release the surrounding rock pressure, a part of clearance space 120 is dug from the arch to the sidewall of the tunnel 100 with a large deformation or deformation rate and risk of intrusion and damage according to the result of deformation monitoring of the tunnel 100, so as to allow the surrounding rock to displace greatly to release the surrounding rock energy, and the surrounding rock pressure is controlled within the bearable range of the supporting structure. Thus, specifically, the step of expanding at least one tunnel 100 comprises:
Determining an expanded excavation construction entrance 130;
along the extending direction of the extended tunnel 100, extending from the construction inlet 130 to at least one of the front and rear ends;
Until the top height of the front and rear ends of the headroom 120 reaches a first preset elevation and the bottom height reaches a second preset elevation.
The step of determining the extended excavation construction entrance 130 includes:
A construction inlet 130 is provided on the first supporting structure 110 of the archway to the sidewall portion of the extended tunnel 100. That is, according to the result of the deformation monitoring of the tunnel 100, a part of the clearance space 120 is excavated behind the supporting structure from the arch to the sidewall portion at the side of the tunnel 100 where the deformation amount or the deformation rate is large and there is a risk of intrusion and damage, so as to allow the surrounding rock to be displaced greatly, thereby releasing the energy of the surrounding rock, and controlling the pressure of the surrounding rock within the bearable range of the supporting structure.
Further, referring to fig. 4 and 5, and referring to fig. 1-3, in this embodiment, during excavation, the construction inlet 130 is located in the middle of the tunnel 100 along the extending direction of the tunnel 100. Thus, the step of expanding the excavated tunnel 100 from the construction inlet 130 to at least one of the front and rear ends along the extending direction of the expanded excavated tunnel includes:
The method comprises the steps of expanding and excavating from a construction inlet 130 to the front end and the rear end along the extending direction of the expanded and excavated tunnel 100 (the direction shown by an arrow in 4) until the top heights of the ends at the front end and the rear end reach a first preset elevation;
The front and rear ends completed by the expanding excavation are expanded towards the construction inlet 130 (the direction indicated by the arrow in 5);
Until the top height of the headroom 120 reaches a first preset elevation;
wherein, when the construction inlet 130 is used for expanding excavation to the front end and the rear end, the expanding excavation direction is inclined upwards;
When the front and rear ends of the expansion and excavation are expanded and excavated toward the construction inlet 130, the expansion and excavation direction is a horizontal direction.
Further, referring to fig. 6 in combination with fig. 1 to 3, in the present embodiment, after the step of reaching the first preset level by the top height of the headroom 120, the method for constructing the proximity tunnel includes:
The construction inlet 130 is extended and dug to the front and rear ends (the direction shown by the arrow in 6);
until the bottom height of the headroom 120 reaches a second preset elevation;
Wherein, when the construction inlet 130 is extended and dug to the front and rear ends, the extending and dug direction is the horizontal direction.
Further, referring to fig. 1 to 6, in the present embodiment, after the step of reaching the first preset elevation by the top height and reaching the second preset elevation by the bottom height of the front and rear ends of the headroom 120, the method for constructing the proximity tunnel includes:
a second support structure is installed in the headroom space 120.
In summary, the construction steps of the construction method of the proximity tunnel are as follows:
after the excavation of the tunnels 100 is completed, erecting a first supporting structure 110 in the tunnels 100, and setting a construction inlet 130 on the first supporting structure 110 in one of the tunnels 100; along the extending direction of the tunnel 100, the construction inlet 130 is located in the middle of the tunnel 100 and located at the position from the arch to the side wall at one side of the tunnel 100;
The construction is carried out by expanding the excavation, a construction inlet 130 is arranged on a first supporting structure 110 from the arch waist of the tunnel 100 to the side wall part of the section to be expanded, the construction inlet 130 enters the back of the first supporting structure 110, and the expansion is carried out along the extending direction of the tunnel 100 by adopting a controlled blasting or mechanical excavation mode. First, the bottom of the construction inlet 130 is dug up, and the top of the dug end reaches the first preset elevation.
Then, the construction is excavated from the construction inlet 130 at the middle of the two ends of the space where the expansion and excavation are completed until the top height of the whole expansion and excavation space reaches the first preset elevation.
Finally, excavating from the bottom of the construction inlet 130, expanding the excavation towards the front end and the rear end at a horizontal angle, and excavating the rest rock mass to a second preset elevation; and after the expanding excavation is completed, adopting a simple steel frame for supporting or not supporting according to factors such as surrounding rock grade, stratum lithology and the like.
It should be noted that the first preset elevation is the designed top height of the headroom 120, and the second preset elevation is the designed bottom height of the headroom 120.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The construction method of the near tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
excavating a plurality of close tunnels;
erecting a first supporting structure in all tunnels;
expanding and excavating at least one tunnel so as to form a clearance space on one side or two sides of the expanded and excavated tunnel, wherein the clearance space is positioned between two adjacent tunnels;
The clearance space is positioned at the position from one side of the tunnel to the side wall;
the step of expanding and excavating at least one tunnel comprises the following steps:
determining a construction inlet of the expansion digging;
Expanding and excavating at least one of the front end and the rear end of the construction inlet along the extending direction of the expanded and excavated tunnel;
until the top heights of the front end and the rear end of the clearance space reach a first preset elevation and the bottom heights reach a second preset elevation; the first preset elevation is the designed top height of the headroom space, and the second preset elevation is the designed bottom height of the headroom space;
The step of determining the construction inlet of the expanded excavation comprises the following steps:
The construction inlet is arranged on the first supporting structure from the arch waist of the extended tunnel to the side wall part;
and the construction inlet is positioned in the middle of the tunnel along the extending direction of the tunnel.
2. The method for constructing a proximity tunnel according to claim 1, wherein:
the step of expanding and excavating at least one of the front end and the rear end of the construction inlet along the extending direction of the expanded and excavated tunnel comprises the following steps:
Expanding and excavating from the construction inlet to the front end and the rear end along the extending direction of the expanded and excavated tunnel until the top heights of the ends at the front end and the rear end reach a first preset elevation;
the front end and the rear end of the expansion excavation are towards the construction inlet;
Until the top height of the headroom reaches a first preset elevation.
3. The method for constructing a proximity tunnel according to claim 1, wherein:
when the construction inlet is extended and dug from the front end to the rear end, the extending and dug direction is inclined upwards;
when the front end and the rear end of the expansion excavation are towards the construction inlet, the expansion excavation direction is the horizontal direction.
4. The method for constructing a proximity tunnel according to claim 1, wherein:
after the step of reaching the first preset elevation by the top height of the headroom, the construction method of the proximity tunnel comprises the following steps:
the construction inlet is extended and dug to the front end and the rear end;
until the bottom height of the headroom reaches the second preset elevation.
5. A method of constructing a hugging-joint tunnel according to claim 3, wherein:
when the construction inlet is extended and dug to the front end and the rear end, the extending and dug direction is the horizontal direction.
6. The method for constructing a proximity tunnel according to claim 1, wherein:
after the step of reaching the first preset elevation by the top heights and reaching the second preset elevation by the bottom heights at the front end and the rear end of the headroom, the construction method of the proximity tunnel comprises the following steps:
and erecting a second supporting structure in the clearance space.
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| CN202210014674.1A CN114352291B (en) | 2022-01-07 | 2022-01-07 | Construction method of near tunnel |
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