CN114343087B - Fermented feed for improving prawn culture survival rate and growth speed - Google Patents
Fermented feed for improving prawn culture survival rate and growth speed Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114343087B CN114343087B CN202210274253.2A CN202210274253A CN114343087B CN 114343087 B CN114343087 B CN 114343087B CN 202210274253 A CN202210274253 A CN 202210274253A CN 114343087 B CN114343087 B CN 114343087B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cfu
- fermented feed
- survival rate
- prawns
- leaven
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 241000186679 Lactobacillus buchneri Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 101710121765 Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 108091005508 Acid proteases Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000194031 Enterococcus faecium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 108010059820 Polygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 108010093305 exopolygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 6
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000607272 Vibrio parahaemolyticus Species 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000005584 early death Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000529 probiotic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 30
- 241000238553 Litopenaeus vannamei Species 0.000 description 22
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 15
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 15
- 235000010855 food raising agent Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 210000000496 pancreas Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 7
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 230000003385 bacteriostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009630 liquid culture Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 235000017845 Persicaria vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000170788 Persicaria vulgaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RTOYJIFECJCKIK-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RTOYJIFECJCKIK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 210000001630 jejunum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009629 microbiological culture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- NWCHELUCVWSRRS-SECBINFHSA-N (2r)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@](O)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 NWCHELUCVWSRRS-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010003694 Atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238424 Crustacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000194032 Enterococcus faecalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000007882 Gastritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010017964 Gastrointestinal infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010018910 Haemolysis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101710179002 Hemolytic toxin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010046334 Urease Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003042 antagnostic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037444 atrophy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003653 coastal water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036461 convulsion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001079 digestive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000019836 digestive system infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004064 dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940032049 enterococcus faecalis Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100000249 enterotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002242 enterotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004634 feeding behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008588 hemolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144980 herd Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000003405 ileum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940072205 lactobacillus plantarum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010028320 muscle necrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003950 pathogenic mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000419 plant extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003910 polypeptide antibiotic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000037816 tissue injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a fermented feed for improving the culture survival rate and the growth speed of prawns, which contains a leaven, wherein the leaven comprises the following components: 15-20% of bacillus subtilis, 20-20% of lactobacillus buchneri TZ-LB-01715, 10-15% of enterococcus faecium, 20-25% of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 5-15% of acid protease, 6-12% of xylanase and 5-15% of pectinase; the activity of each probiotic and enzyme preparation was: bacillus subtilis 2X 1010CFU/g, Lactobacillus buchneri TZ-LB-0172X 1010CFU/g, enterococcus faecium 1X 1010CFU/g, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2X 109CFU/g, acid protease 5X 104U/g, xylanase 1X 104U/g, pectinase 3X 103U/g. The leaven has obvious bacteriostasis effect on vibrio parahaemolyticus, can promote the growth of prawns and obviously reduce the early death of young prawns.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feeds, in particular to a fermented feed for improving the culture survival rate and the growth speed of prawns.
Technical Field
With the large-scale and intensive development of aquaculture in China, the environment of aquaculture water is seriously polluted, the disease incidence rate of aquaculture is continuously improved, and the product quality of aquaculture is also continuously reduced. Although the addition of antibiotics to feed has been prohibited, the long-term use of antibiotic feed has previously affected the development of resistance of aquatic animals to pathogenic bacteria and harmful microorganisms. The problem of how to solve the disease of aquatic animals is a major problem facing the current aquaculture industry in case antibiotics cannot be used.
The penaeus vannamei boone is an absolute dominant variety in aquaculture in China. The penaeus vannamei boone is originally produced in the coastal water area of the south pacific ocean and is tropical economic shrimps, and through continuous exploration, research and test of researchers, the penaeus vannamei boone seedlings can be cultured in a large amount in fresh water after being gradually desalted. However, due to the abuse of antibiotics and the pollution of water quality in recent years, the penaeus vannamei boone has a plurality of diseases in the culture process, and huge economic losses are brought to farmers. It has been shown that common diseases include: white spot syndrome, prawn red body disease, muscle necrosis (white turbidity) disease, red leg disease, yellow gill disease, gill rot disease, etc. It is worth noting that the most common outbreak of the prawn early death syndrome is related to vibrio parahaemolyticus, and has the characteristics of wide disease scope, fast disease speed and unobvious disease season; the early stage of symptoms is red leg and tail, reddish liver and pancreas, broken beard of red hair, and reddish intestine and stomach, and the later stage is marked by atrophy of jejunum, empty stomach, liver and pancreas, reddish body, and immobility.
The Vibrio parahaemolyticus is also called halophilic bacteria, and the growth conditions are suitably 37 ℃ and pH 7.4-8. The vibrio parahaemolyticus has wide distribution, mainly lives in seawater, fishes, shrimps and shell crustaceans, usually causes gastrointestinal infection, and can also cause parenteral infection. In recent years, the pathogenic bacteria of the early death syndrome of penaeus vannamei boone are mainly vibrio parahaemolyticus. In the culture of the prawns, the body color of the sick prawns is whitish, turbid and reddish, most of the liver and pancreas are swollen, the body is soft, the color is pale white or faint yellow, and the liver and pancreas of part of the sick prawns are obviously atrophied. Usually, the disease condition develops rapidly with slow flowing of pond water or lying on the slope of the pond, losing appetite and jejunum and stomach, the mortality and the pond discharging rate are extremely high, and the shortest time is only 2 to 3 days from a small amount of disease to the pond discharging.
The pathogenic mechanism of the vibrio parahaemolyticus is that the vibrio parahaemolyticus generates hemolytic toxin to cause hemolysis of various cells of the prawn; vibrio parahaemolyticus has enterotoxin effect, which causes prawn digestive tract tissue injury, ileum erosion, gastric mucositis, even liver, pancreas and digestive dysfunction; the vibrio parahaemolyticus generates urease, so that intestinal juice of the prawns is accumulated to generate intestinal dropsy, and the phenomenon of white feces can occur in severe cases; the extracellular product of vibrio parahaemolyticus can obviously reduce the immunity of prawns and has slow growth speed, so that various other diseases are easily caused.
The biological fermentation feed is a feed capable of replacing feed added with antibiotics. The feed is added with viable bacteria preparation, plant extract, organic acid, antibacterial peptide, etc., and the health of the product is far higher than that of the feed added with antibiotic. The microorganisms in the feed have a metabolic effect, can generate small molecular substances such as organic acid, soluble polysaccharide and the like by degrading polysaccharide, protein, fat and the like, can promote absorption, contains rich nutrient substances, has good palatability, and has a promoting effect on improving the problem of water pollution of aquaculture. However, no biological fermentation feed for preventing and treating the vibrio parahaemolyticus of the penaeus vannamei exists in the current market.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a fermented feed for improving the culture survival rate and the growth speed of prawns.
The improvement provided by the inventionThe shrimp culture survival rate and growth speed fermented feed contains a leaven, and the leaven comprises the following components: 15-20% of bacillus subtilis, 20-20% of lactobacillus buchneri TZ-LB-01715, 10-15% of enterococcus faecium, 20-25% of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 5-15% of acid protease, 6-12% of xylanase and 5-15% of pectinase; wherein the activities of the probiotics and the enzyme preparation are respectively as follows: bacillus subtilis 2X 1010CFU/g, Lactobacillus buchneri TZ-LB-0172X 1010CFU/g, enterococcus faecium 1X 1010CFU/g, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2X 109CFU/g, acid protease 5X 104U/g, xylanase 1X 104U/g, pectinase 3X 103 U/g。
Wherein the Lactobacillus buchneri TZ-LB-017 is classified and named as Lactobacillus buchneriLactobacillus buchneriThe culture medium is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC), and the preservation addresses are as follows: the preservation time is 2021 year, 3 month and 23 day, and the preservation number is CGMCC No. 22054.
Further, the preparation method of the fermented feed comprises the following steps: 0.05-0.2Kg of leaven, 50-200Kg of basic raw materials, 5-50Kg of brown sugar and 10-50Kg of water, evenly stirring after mixing, and fermenting for three days in a closed manner at normal temperature.
Further, the base stock comprises: 10-20% of rapeseed cake, 45-55% of soybean meal, 16-26% of fish meal, 5-20% of bran and 5-20% of corn protein powder.
Preferably, the base stock comprises: 15% of rapeseed cake, 50% of soybean meal, 20% of fish meal, 8% of bran and 7% of corn protein powder.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the lactobacillus buchneri TZ-LB-017 screened from pig manure of a farm by the inventor is adopted in the starter, and compared with the conventional lactobacillus buchneri or the commercially available lactobacillus buchneri, the lactobacillus buchneri can generate phenyllactic acid with higher concentration in the fermentation process, and has remarkable advantages in the aspects of acid production, harmful bacteria inhibition and synergistic effect with other probiotics. The invention discovers that the leavening agent obtained by compounding lactobacillus buchneri TZ-LB-017 with other bacteria and enzymes has obvious bacteriostatic effect on vibrio parahaemolyticus: the plate dibbling method of example 1 proves that the leavening agent of the present invention has bacteriostatic effect on vibrio parahaemolyticus compared with the common leavening agent.
2. The fermented feed prepared by the leavening agent has obvious improvement effect on the survival rate, the growth speed, the feeding liveness and the bait efficiency of the penaeus vannamei boone, which shows that the fermented feed prepared by the leavening agent can obviously improve the species and the number of dominant flora fixedly planted in the intestinal tract of the penaeus vannamei boone, improve the immunity of the penaeus vannamei boone, obviously improve the disease resistance of vibrio parahaemolyticus, obviously reduce the early death condition of the penaeus vannamei boone, improve the health state of the penaeus vannamei boone, and improve the economic benefit of the penaeus vannamei boone cultivation without antibiotics in the feed in production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a table-type dibbling method of example 1, which verifies that the leavening agent of the present invention has bacteriostatic effect on Vibrio parahaemolyticus;
FIG. 2 is a comparison of 45 days of Penaeus vannamei Boone in the large herd breeding trial of example 3.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1: bacteriostatic test of leavening agent
1.1 preparation of culture Medium and leaven
Liquid culture medium: to 100 ml of filtered seawater were added 0.5g of peptone (Typtone), 0.1 g of Yeast Extract (Yeast Extract), and 0.001 g of iron phosphate tetrahydrate (Fe PO)4•4H2O), adjusting the pH value to 7.6-7.8, sterilizing at high temperature and high pressure (121 ℃, 20 min) by a high-pressure steam sterilizer, and storing in a chromatography cabinet at 4 ℃ for later use.
Solid medium: to 100 ml of filtered seawater were added 0.5g of peptone (Typtone), 0.1 g of Yeast Extract (Yeast Extract), 0.001 g of iron phosphate tetrahydrate (Fe PO)4•4H2O), 2g Agar (Agar Powder), sterilized by high-pressure steam sterilizer at high temperature and high pressure (121 deg.C, 20 min), and inverted in a sterile ultra-clean bench when the temperature of the culture medium is reduced to about 50 deg.C, each plateAbout 15 ml, after air drying, it is stored in a chromatography cabinet at 4 ℃ for later use.
A leavening agent: the components of the leavening agent comprise: 15-20% of bacillus subtilis, 20-20% of lactobacillus buchneri TZ-LB-01715, 10-15% of enterococcus faecium, 20-25% of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 5-15% of acid protease, 6-12% of xylanase and 5-15% of pectinase; wherein the activities of the probiotics and the enzyme preparation are respectively as follows: bacillus subtilis 2X 1010CFU/g, Lactobacillus buchneri TZ-LB-0172X 1010CFU/g, enterococcus faecium 1X 1010CFU/g, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2X 109CFU/g, acid protease 5X 104U/g, xylanase 1X 104U/g, pectinase 3X 103 U/g。
Wherein the Lactobacillus buchneri TZ-LB-017 is classified and named as Lactobacillus buchneriLactobacillus buchneriThe culture medium is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC), and the preservation address is as follows: the preservation time is 2021 year, 3 month and 23 day, and the preservation number is CGMCC No. 22054.
1.2 test methods
Conventional leavening agent: 10% of bacillus subtilis, 9% of lactobacillus plantarum, 30% of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 10% of enterococcus faecalis, 30% of cellulase and 11% of xylanase.
2g of the leaven and the conventional leaven are respectively taken, added with a small amount of filtered seawater for activation, and then respectively transferred into conical flasks filled with 200 ml of liquid culture medium, and cultured in a constant temperature incubator at 28 ℃ for 12 hours for later use.
A strain of vibrio parahaemolyticus III-1 preserved in a laboratory is taken as an indicator bacterium, and the activated vibrio parahaemolyticus is transferred into an erlenmeyer flask filled with 100 ml of liquid culture medium for culture overnight.
100 mu l of the III-1 bacterial liquid is taken and coated on a solid culture medium, then 4 aseptic filter paper sheets with the r = 6 mm are clamped by aseptic tweezers and placed on a flat plate coated with the indicator bacteria at equal distance, 8 mu l of leaven is respectively dropped on two filter paper sheets (P1/P2), E1 and E2 are conventional leaven, and the flat plate is taken after 24 h to observe whether bacteriostatic rings appear around the filter paper sheets.
1.3 test results
As shown in figure 1, the experimental result of the plate dibbling method shows that compared with the common leaven, the leaven of the invention has antagonistic effect on vibrio parahaemolyticus.
Example 2 laboratory culture test of prawn
Preparing a fermented feed: 0.1Kg of leaven, 150Kg of basic raw materials, 25Kg of brown sugar and 25Kg of water, evenly stirred and fermented in a closed way for three days at normal temperature. The base material comprises: 15% of rapeseed cake, 50% of soybean meal, 20% of fish meal, 8% of bran and 7% of corn protein powder.
Randomly distributing 840 tails of penaeus vannamei boone larvae into 6 water bodies of 0.4 m3Of the indoor round cement pit, at the end of each pit 140. The breeding is temporarily carried out for 15 days before formal group feeding is started, and the pathogens possibly carried by the breeding are sampled and detected during the temporary breeding. The test is provided with a blank control group and a test group, and each group is provided with 3 parallels. The test prawn fry is fed for 3 times (8 o ' clock, 2 o ' clock in afternoon and 8 o ' clock in evening) every day, and the feeding amount is 3% -5% of the weight of the prawn fry (the feeding amount increases along with the culture time). Wherein the blank control group is fed with common feed; the test group is fed with fermented feed in the first 30 days and common feed in the last 30 days in a period of 60 days. The temperature of the water body is 24-27 ℃, the salinity of the water body is 15 (+ -1), the pH value is 8.1 (+ -0.1), the air is continuously filled, the ingestion and survival conditions of the young prawns are checked every day, and the dead prawns are taken out in time.
Measuring the initial weight and the weight of each group of prawn seedlings at the end of the test, and calculating the specific growth rate of each group of prawn seedlings; calculating the survival rate of the prawns at the end of the test;
survival (%) = survival mantissa/total mantissa × 100%;
the results show that: the survival rate of each group of prawns in 60 days of culture is only (25.5 +/-1.8)%, while the survival rate of prawns fed with the fermented feed reaches (79.3 +/-7.6)%, and the difference is very obvious (P)<0.01)。
Example 3 aquatic Mass Breeding test
Fermented feed was prepared as in example 2.
The test is carried out in Suzhou city of Jiangsu province, the test pond is 4 prawn greenhouse culture ponds, the pond area is 5 mu, and the bottom materials and the hydrological conditions of the ponds are completely the same. No. 1 and No. 3 ponds are used as test groups, and biological fermentation feed is continuously fed with the bait (the feeding proportion of the fermentation feed to the common feed is shown in a table 2); the No.2 and No. 4 ponds are used as control groups and are fed with common feed in the whole process. In the whole test process, the conventional culture operation of 4 shrimp ponds is the same, the average temperature in the greenhouse is 23.8 ℃ in the test period, and the test period is 60 days. The test is carried out by selecting shrimp fries with the same specification, size and health condition.
Measurement indexes are as follows: the growth condition of the shrimp larvae: every 15 days in the test, 50 shrimps were randomly taken from each shrimp pond, observed for the body color, intestinal tract and liver and pancreas shape and color, and measured for body length and weight and recorded. At the end of the test, the harvested test shrimps were measured for body length, body weight and recorded.
Feeding time: 1 material platform is placed respectively at diagonal position in every pond, and the fodder volume is placed according to 1% of the total amount of feeding when having a meal in the material platform, observes every day and records the time that the fodder eats futilely in the material platform.
Bait efficiency: the bait feeding amount is recorded every day, and the total feeding amount and the shrimp receiving amount are calculated at the end of the test.
The results show that: the test group shrimp larvae are transparent in body color, the number of black spots on the head, chest and nails is small, the intestinal tract is full, the liver and pancreas outlines are clear, the color is reddish brown, and the length of excrement is normal and is not easy to break. The contrast group shrimps are darker, part of the shrimps are reddish, more black spots are formed on the shells, stress reaction is easy to generate and twitch, the intestinal tract is thinner, the liver and pancreas are clear in outline, the volume is larger, the color is reddish, and the length of the prawn excrement is short and the color is dark.
3.1 growth rate: as can be seen from Table 3 and FIG. 2, the growth rate of the prawns was significantly higher in the test group fed with the fermented feed than in the control group.
3.2 bait efficiency and survival rate
The feeding time of the test group prawns is found to be shortened by counting the feeding time of the prawns every day, which indicates that the prawns have active feeding behaviors, and simultaneously proves that the feeding attraction effect of the fermented feed is obvious. After 60 days of culture, 3401Kg of prawns are harvested in two ponds (No. 1 and No. 3 ponds) of a test group, and the bait efficiency reaches 1.14; and 2773 Kg of prawns are harvested from two ponds (No. 2 and No. 4) of the control group together, and the bait efficiency is 1.03. The survival rate of the shrimps of each test group is calculated according to the yield of the shrimps and the average weight of the monomers, which shows that the survival rate of the fermented feed can be improved by 3.1 percent, and the bait efficiency is improved by 0.11.
The survival rate of the shrimp seedlings in the test group fed with the biological fermented feed is 67.1 percent, and the economic benefit is 6134 yuan/mu (see table 4), while the survival rate of the shrimp seedlings in the control group is 64.0 percent, and the economic benefit is 5351 yuan/mu.
The tests prove that when the feed fermented by the starter is fed in the breeding process of the penaeus vannamei boone, the types and the number of dominant flora fixedly planted in intestinal tracts of the penaeus vannamei boone can be obviously improved, the immunity of the penaeus vannamei boone is improved, the disease resistance to vibrio parahaemolyticus is obviously improved, the early death condition of the young penaeus vannamei boone is obviously reduced, the health state of the penaeus vannamei boone is improved, the body color of the young penaeus vannamei boone in a test group is transparent, the ingestion time is shortened, the growth of the young penaeus vannamei boone can be obviously promoted, the survival rate of the young penaeus vannamei boone and the bait efficiency are improved, and the economic benefit of farmers is obviously improved.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (4)
1. A fermented feed for improving the culture survival rate and the growth speed of prawns, which contains a leaven, is characterized in that the leaven comprises the following components: 15-20% of bacillus subtilis, 20-20% of lactobacillus buchneri TZ-LB-01715, 10-15% of enterococcus faecium, 20-25% of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 5-15% of acid protease, 6-12% of xylanase and 5-15% of pectinase; wherein the activities of the probiotics and the enzyme preparation are respectively as follows: bacillus subtilis 2X 1010CFU/g, Lactobacillus buchneri TZ-LB-0172X 1010CFU/g, enterococcus faecium 1X 1010CFU/g, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2X 109CFU/g, acid protease 5X 104U/g, xylanase 1X 104U/g, pectinase 3X 103 U/g；
Wherein the Lactobacillus buchneri: (A)Lactobacillus buchneri) TZ-LB-017 and is preserved in the common microorganism center of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms, the preservation time is 2021, 3 and 23 days, and the preservation number is CGMCC No. 22054.
2. The fermented feed for improving the cultivation survival rate and the growth speed of prawns according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the fermented feed comprises the following steps: 0.05-0.2Kg of leaven, 50-200Kg of basic raw materials, 5-50Kg of brown sugar and 10-50Kg of water, evenly stirring after mixing, and fermenting for three days in a closed manner at normal temperature.
3. The fermented feed for improving the cultivation survival rate and the growth speed of prawns according to claim 2, wherein the basic raw materials comprise: 10-20% of rapeseed cake, 45-55% of soybean meal, 16-26% of fish meal, 5-20% of bran and 5-20% of corn protein powder.
4. The fermented feed for improving the survival rate and the growth speed of the prawn culture according to claim 3, wherein the basic raw materials comprise: 15% of rapeseed cake, 50% of soybean meal, 20% of fish meal, 8% of bran and 7% of corn protein powder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210274253.2A CN114343087B (en) | 2022-03-21 | 2022-03-21 | Fermented feed for improving prawn culture survival rate and growth speed |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210274253.2A CN114343087B (en) | 2022-03-21 | 2022-03-21 | Fermented feed for improving prawn culture survival rate and growth speed |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114343087A CN114343087A (en) | 2022-04-15 |
| CN114343087B true CN114343087B (en) | 2022-06-07 |
Family
ID=81094556
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210274253.2A Active CN114343087B (en) | 2022-03-21 | 2022-03-21 | Fermented feed for improving prawn culture survival rate and growth speed |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114343087B (en) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102106491B (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2013-03-20 | 海一（厦门）生物科技有限公司 | High-activity biological fermentation feed for prawn and preparation method thereof |
| CN109310720A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2019-02-05 | 株式会社村田制作所 | The manufacturing method of antibacterial and antiviral drug, anti-bacteria and anti-virus component and antibacterial and antiviral drug |
| WO2019132605A1 (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-04 | 씨제이제일제당 (주) | Feed composition containing bacilius subtilus strain as active ingredient for preventing or treating acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease or white spot syndrome |
| CN109897803B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2021-02-02 | 北京好实沃生物技术有限公司 | Aquatic probiotic and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111011665A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-17 | 山西大禹生物工程股份有限公司 | Microbial fermentation wet material for promoting growth of aquatic animals and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113774003B (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-03-01 | 北京挑战农业科技有限公司 | Lactobacillus buchneri and application thereof in preparation of low-moisture fermented feed |
-
2022
- 2022-03-21 CN CN202210274253.2A patent/CN114343087B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114343087A (en) | 2022-04-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103497906B (en) | Microecological preparation, preparation method, and applications thereof | |
| CN102041238B (en) | Lactobacillus plantarum, method for fermenting and preparing bacteriocin of Lactobacillus plantarum, and application of Lactobacillus plantarum and bacteriocin | |
| CN103614327B (en) | A kind of subtilis and uses thereof | |
| CN101869184B (en) | Microbial feed additive and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106260540B (en) | Biological feed for creep feed and creep feed | |
| CN105238722A (en) | Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain as well as preparation method and application of strain powder preparation of bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain | |
| CN105368749B (en) | One bacillus subtilis and feed addictive comprising the bacterial strain | |
| KR101449557B1 (en) | Feed composition for sea cucumber containing microalgae chlorella as main component | |
| CN109897803A (en) | A kind of aquatic products probiotics and its preparation method and application | |
| CN106834174A (en) | Suppress probiotics and the preparation and application of vibrios in being cultivated to Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low | |
| CN106754551A (en) | A kind of bacterium amount lactobacillus preparation high and preparation method and application | |
| CN106867933A (en) | The probiotics of purification of water quality and preparation and application in being cultivated to Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low | |
| CN111690558B (en) | Bacillus subtilis strain and application thereof in aquaculture | |
| CN104106726A (en) | New probiotic, and probiotic fermentation feed prepared by using it | |
| CN114410515A (en) | Bacillus belgii and composite bacterial preparation and application thereof | |
| CN116083273B (en) | Lactobacillus plantarum NHE-LpE and application thereof | |
| Saad et al. | Growth response of the freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man), to diets having different levels of Biogen® | |
| JP2017077186A (en) | Tolerance improvement method of aquatic organism to abnormal proliferation of plankton | |
| CN103602608A (en) | Application of bacillus pumilus in prawn culture | |
| CN102517227B (en) | Enterococcus faecalis and applications and feed additive and leavening agent thereof | |
| CN105524855B (en) | A kind of bacillus coagulans and its application with aquatic pathogenic bacterium antagonistic properties | |
| CN116083262A (en) | Lactobacillus plantarum strain with aquatic pathogenic bacteria antagonistic property and preparation and application of preparation thereof | |
| CN114343087B (en) | Fermented feed for improving prawn culture survival rate and growth speed | |
| CN114540232B (en) | Lactobacillus rhamnosus with aquatic pathogen antagonistic property and preparation and application of lactobacillus rhamnosus preparation | |
| CN111685229B (en) | Micro-ecological composite additive and application thereof in aquaculture |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |