CN114336911A - Equalizing charge circuit for series batteries - Google Patents
Equalizing charge circuit for series batteries Download PDFInfo
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- CN114336911A CN114336911A CN202210141147.7A CN202210141147A CN114336911A CN 114336911 A CN114336911 A CN 114336911A CN 202210141147 A CN202210141147 A CN 202210141147A CN 114336911 A CN114336911 A CN 114336911A
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Abstract
The invention provides a series battery equalizing charge circuit, comprising: the battery pack comprises at least two batteries with positive and negative electrodes sequentially connected in series; the switch unit comprises at least two switches, each switch is connected between the corresponding secondary side winding and the positive electrode of the battery, and the switch unit is used for switching the number of the batteries which are charged in the battery pack; the two ends of each battery in the battery pack are connected with the detection control module, and the detection control module is used for detecting the voltage of each battery in the battery pack and controlling the on-off of the corresponding switch of the switch unit according to the detected voltage of the battery. The battery with lower electricity can be charged independently or simultaneously in multiple paths through one multi-winding transformer, so that the circuit design is simplified, and the charging reliability is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery charging, in particular to a series battery equalizing charging circuit.
Background
With the development of lithium batteries and energy storage technologies, the requirements on battery management systems are also higher and higher. A plurality of battery cells are connected in series, and because the performance of the battery cells is inconsistent, unbalance can be caused in the charging and discharging process, the aging of the battery can be caused, and the service life and the safety of the battery are influenced.
At present, a passive equalization method and an active equalization method are mainly used for equalizing the battery. The passive equalization directly eliminates the voltage difference of the electric quantity of the single battery with high voltage in an energy consumption mode, and the efficiency is low; the active equalization moves the electric quantity of the single battery with higher voltage to the single battery with lower voltage through various methods for carrying electric charge, and can achieve better equalization effect in the charging process.
Based on the above advantages of the active equalization method, the active equalization method is highly appreciated in the industry. However, the circuit complexity is high, and the reliability is not easy to control under the condition of a large number of batteries.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the circuit complexity defect of the active equalization method in the prior art, so as to provide an equalizing charging circuit for series-connected batteries.
The embodiment of the invention provides an equalizing charge circuit of series batteries, which comprises: a first transformer, a switch unit and a detection control module, wherein,
the first transformer comprises a group of primary side windings and at least two groups of secondary side windings, wherein the primary side winding of the first transformer is connected with an external direct-current power supply, each group of secondary side windings of the first transformer is connected with one battery in a battery pack in parallel, and the battery pack comprises at least two batteries of which the positive and negative electrodes are sequentially connected in series;
the switch unit comprises at least two switches, each switch is connected between the corresponding secondary side winding and the positive electrode of the battery, and the switch unit is used for switching the number of the batteries which are charged in the battery pack;
the two ends of each battery in the battery pack are connected with the detection control module, and the detection control module is used for detecting the voltage of each battery in the battery pack and controlling the on-off of the corresponding switch of the switch unit according to the detected voltage of the battery.
Optionally, the battery-connected equalizing charge circuit further includes a driving module, a first end of the driving module is connected to the detection control module, a second end of the driving module is connected to the primary side winding of the first transformer, and the driving module is configured to turn on or turn off a dc power supply input to the primary side winding of the first transformer according to an instruction of the detection control module.
Optionally, the driving module comprises: a pulse width modulator and a first controllable switch, wherein,
the enabling end of the pulse width modulator is connected with the detection control module, and the output end of the pulse width modulator is connected with the control end of the first controllable switch;
the first end of the first controllable switch is connected with the primary side winding of the first transformer, and the second end of the first controllable switch is grounded.
Optionally, the battery equalizing charge circuit further includes a multi-path current combining feedback module, the multi-path current combining feedback module is configured to collect currents of the battery charging channels, superimpose the currents of the channels and feed the superimposed currents back to the driving module, and the driving module adjusts the width of the output pulse according to the superimposed feedback currents of the channels.
Optionally, the multi-path current combining feedback module includes a current-to-voltage conversion circuit, a voltage division circuit, an optical coupling isolation feedback module, and at least two second transformers, wherein,
each second transformer comprises a group of primary side windings and a group of secondary side windings, the primary side winding of each second transformer is connected between the secondary side winding corresponding to the first transformer and the negative electrode of the battery, the secondary side winding of each second transformer is connected in series and then is connected with the input end of the current-voltage conversion circuit, and the current-voltage conversion circuit is used for converting the feedback current of each channel after superposition into a voltage signal;
the output end of the current-voltage conversion circuit is connected with the input end of the voltage division circuit, and the output end of the voltage division circuit is connected with the feedback signal receiving end of the pulse width modulator.
Optionally, the current-to-voltage conversion circuit includes: the transformer comprises a first capacitor and a first resistor, wherein the first capacitor is connected with a secondary side winding of a second transformer in series in parallel, and the first resistor is connected with the first capacitor in parallel and then grounded.
Optionally, the voltage divider circuit includes: the pulse width modulator comprises a second resistor and a third resistor, wherein one end of the second resistor is connected with one end of the first resistor, the other end of the second resistor is connected with one end of the third resistor and one end of an optical coupling isolation feedback module respectively, the other end of the optical coupling isolation feedback module is connected with a feedback signal receiving end of the pulse width modulator, and the other end of the third resistor is grounded.
Optionally, the detection control module includes a single chip microcomputer and an analog front-end chip.
Optionally, the optical coupling isolation feedback module includes a photocoupler and a voltage reference chip circuit.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a series battery equalizing charge circuit, comprising: the battery pack comprises at least two batteries, wherein the positive and negative electrodes of each battery are sequentially connected in series; the switch unit comprises at least two switches, each switch is connected between the corresponding secondary side winding and the positive electrode of the battery, and the switch unit is used for switching the number of the batteries which are charged in the battery pack; the two ends of each battery in the battery pack are connected with the detection control module, and the detection control module is used for detecting the voltage of each battery in the battery pack and controlling the on-off of the corresponding switch of the switch unit according to the detected voltage of the battery. The battery with lower electricity can be charged independently or simultaneously in multiple paths through one multi-winding transformer, so that the circuit design is simplified, and the charging reliability is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a diagram of an equalizing charge circuit of a series battery according to a specific example of the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of another specific example of a series battery equalizing charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two elements may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be communicated with each other inside the two elements, or may be wirelessly connected or wired connected. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The embodiment of the invention provides an equalizing charge circuit of series batteries, which is used for equalizing charge of a battery pack formed by at least two series batteries. As shown in fig. 1, the series battery equalizing charge circuit includes: the device comprises a first transformer, a switch unit and a detection control module.
In one embodiment, the first transformer comprises a set of primary side windings and at least two sets of secondary side windings, wherein the primary side windings of the first transformer are connected with an external direct current power supply, and each set of secondary side windings of the first transformer is connected with one battery in the battery pack in parallel. The switch unit comprises at least two switches, each switch is connected between the corresponding secondary side winding and the positive pole of the battery, and the switch unit is used for switching the number of the batteries which are charged in the battery pack. The two ends of each battery in the battery pack are connected with the detection control module, and the detection control module is used for detecting the voltage of each battery in the battery pack and controlling the on-off of the corresponding switch of the switch unit according to the detected voltage of the battery.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the number of secondary side windings of the first transformer is equal to the number of batteries in the battery pack, and each set of secondary side windings is connected in parallel with one battery in the battery pack, so as to form a plurality of charging channels. Furthermore, the external direct current power supply provides charging power for a plurality of charging channels through the first transformer with multiple windings, and then the batteries in each charging channel are charged.
Further, the detection control module judges whether each single battery needs to be charged or not by monitoring the voltage of each single battery in real time. And when the battery needing to be charged is judged, closing a switch corresponding to the battery, and opening a charging channel where the battery needing to be charged is located. And when the battery is judged not to need to be charged, the switch corresponding to the battery is disconnected, and the charging channel where the battery which does not need to be charged is cut off. Further, when all charging channels are opened, the charging current automatically adjusts the current magnitude through the difference of the voltages of the batteries, and the charging current with high voltage is small. According to the detection control strategy, a battery with lower electricity saving quantity can be independently charged through one multi-winding transformer, multiple paths of batteries can be simultaneously charged, and current is automatically distributed according to the voltage of the battery monomer.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the battery pack includes at least two batteries (B1, B2 … Bn) having positive and negative electrodes connected in series in this order. The battery string in the battery pack can be expanded to N strings, and N generally does not exceed 10. The detection control module can be realized by a single chip microcomputer and an analog front-end chip (such as LTC6812 of ADI). The switches (K1, K2 … Kn) in the switch unit can be MOS transistors or relays.
The invention provides a series battery equalizing charge circuit, comprising: the battery pack comprises at least two batteries, wherein the positive and negative electrodes of each battery are sequentially connected in series; the switch unit comprises at least two switches, each switch is connected between the corresponding secondary side winding and the positive electrode of the battery, and the switch unit is used for switching the number of the batteries which are charged in the battery pack; the two ends of each battery in the battery pack are connected with the detection control module, and the detection control module is used for detecting the voltage of each battery in the battery pack and controlling the on-off of the corresponding switch of the switch unit according to the detected voltage of the battery. The battery with lower electricity can be charged independently or simultaneously in multiple paths through one multi-winding transformer, so that the circuit design is simplified, and the charging reliability is improved.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the series battery equalizing charge circuit further includes a driving module, a first end of the driving module is connected to the detection control module, a second end of the driving module is connected to the primary winding of the first transformer, and the driving module is configured to turn on or off a dc power input to the primary winding of the first transformer according to an instruction of the detection control module.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the driving module includes: the detection device comprises a pulse width modulator and a first controllable switch Q1, wherein an enabling end of the pulse width modulator is connected with a detection control module, and an output end of the pulse width modulator is connected with a control end of a first controllable switch Q1; a first terminal of a first controllable switch Q1 is connected to the primary winding of the first transformer and a second terminal of the first controllable switch Q1 is connected to ground.
In the embodiment of the invention, the detection controller monitors the voltage of each battery cell in real time, and when the voltage of the battery reaches the charge cut-off voltage, the detection controller stops sending the enabling signal to the enabling end of the pulse width modulator, so that the pulse width modulator is closed, the direct current power supply input into the primary side winding of the first transformer is cut off, and the equalizing charge process is stopped. In the embodiment of the invention, the model of the pulse width modulator is LM5023 or UC 3844.
In an embodiment, the battery equalizing charge circuit further includes a multi-path current combining feedback module, the multi-path current combining feedback module is configured to collect currents of the battery charging channels, superimpose the currents of the channels and feed the superimposed currents back to the driving module, and the driving module adjusts a width of an output pulse according to the superimposed feedback currents of the channels.
In one embodiment, the multi-path current combining feedback module includes a current-voltage conversion circuit, a voltage division circuit, an optical coupling isolation feedback module, and at least two second transformers. As shown in fig. 2, each of the second transformers includes a set of primary side windings and a set of secondary side windings, the primary side winding of each of the second transformers is connected between the secondary side winding corresponding to the first transformer and the negative electrode of the battery, the secondary side winding of each of the second transformers is connected in series and then connected to the input terminal of the current-voltage conversion circuit, and the current-voltage conversion circuit is configured to convert the feedback current of each channel after being superimposed into a voltage signal; the output end of the current-voltage conversion circuit is connected with the input end of the voltage division circuit, and the output end of the voltage division circuit is connected with the feedback signal receiving end of the pulse width modulator.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the current-voltage conversion circuit includes: the first capacitor C1 and the first resistor R2, wherein the first capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the secondary side winding after the second transformer is connected in series, and the first resistor R2 is connected in parallel with the first capacitor C1 and then grounded. The voltage dividing circuit includes: the pulse width modulator comprises a second resistor R3 and a third resistor R4, wherein one end of the second resistor R3 is connected with one end of the first resistor R2, the other end of the second resistor R3 is connected with one end of the third resistor R4 and one end of the optical coupling isolation feedback module respectively, the other end of the optical coupling isolation feedback module is connected with a feedback signal receiving end of the pulse width modulator, and the other end of the third resistor R4 is grounded.
In the embodiment of the invention, the current of each channel is coupled to the secondary coil through a miniature current transformer (T1, T2 … Tn), the secondary coils (T1B, T2B … TnB) of the current transformers of each channel are connected in series, so that the feedback currents of each channel are superposed, converted into voltage signals through D3, C1 and R2, divided by the proportion of R3 and R4, and input into a feedback compensation input pin comp of the pulse width modulator through the optical coupling isolation feedback module. And then the pulse width modulator regulates PWM output according to the feedback current, thereby realizing the closed-loop control of the charging current of each channel. In the embodiment of the invention, D1 and D2 … Dn are secondary rectifier diodes of the flyback circuit. The optocoupler-isolation feedback module comprises an optocoupler (such as PC817) and a voltage reference chip circuit (such as TL 431). Through current feedback, the total charging current is controlled to be within a safety range, and the charging safety is ensured. Through the current feedback merging and converting circuit, the current feedback of each channel is merged into one channel, and the equalizing charging of a plurality of single batteries of the series battery module by one transformer is realized, so that the circuit design is simplified, and the charging reliability is improved.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A series battery equalizing charge circuit, comprising: a first transformer, a switch unit and a detection control module, wherein,
the first transformer comprises a group of primary side windings and at least two groups of secondary side windings, wherein the primary side winding of the first transformer is connected with an external direct-current power supply, each group of secondary side windings of the first transformer is connected with one battery in a battery pack in parallel, and the battery pack comprises at least two batteries of which the positive and negative electrodes are sequentially connected in series;
the switch unit comprises at least two switches, each switch is connected between the corresponding secondary side winding and the positive electrode of the battery, and the switch unit is used for switching the number of the batteries which are charged in the battery pack;
the two ends of each battery in the battery pack are connected with the detection control module, and the detection control module is used for detecting the voltage of each battery in the battery pack and controlling the on-off of the corresponding switch of the switch unit according to the detected voltage of the battery.
2. The equalizing charge circuit for series batteries according to claim 1, further comprising a driving module, wherein a first end of the driving module is connected to the detection control module, a second end of the driving module is connected to the primary side winding of the first transformer, and the driving module is configured to turn on or off a dc power supply input to the primary side winding of the first transformer according to an instruction of the detection control module.
3. The series battery equalizing charge circuit of claim 2, wherein the driving module comprises: a pulse width modulator and a first controllable switch, wherein,
the enabling end of the pulse width modulator is connected with the detection control module, and the output end of the pulse width modulator is connected with the control end of the first controllable switch;
the first end of the first controllable switch is connected with the primary side winding of the first transformer, and the second end of the first controllable switch is grounded.
4. The series battery equalizing charge circuit of claim 3, further comprising a multi-path current combining feedback module, wherein the multi-path current combining feedback module is configured to collect currents of the battery charging channels, superimpose the currents of the channels and feed the superimposed currents back to the driving module, and the driving module adjusts a width of an output pulse according to the superimposed feedback currents of the channels.
5. The equalizing charging circuit for series connected batteries according to claim 4, wherein said multi-path current combining feedback module comprises a current-to-voltage converting circuit, a voltage dividing circuit, an optical coupling isolation feedback module and at least two second transformers,
each second transformer comprises a group of primary side windings and a group of secondary side windings, the primary side winding of each second transformer is connected between the secondary side winding corresponding to the first transformer and the negative electrode of the battery, the secondary side winding of each second transformer is connected in series and then is connected with the input end of the current-voltage conversion circuit, and the current-voltage conversion circuit is used for converting the feedback current of each channel after superposition into a voltage signal;
the output end of the current-voltage conversion circuit is connected with the input end of the voltage division circuit, and the output end of the voltage division circuit is connected with the feedback signal receiving end of the pulse width modulator.
6. The series battery equalizing charge circuit of claim 5, wherein the current-to-voltage conversion circuit comprises: the transformer comprises a first capacitor and a first resistor, wherein the first capacitor is connected with a secondary side winding of a second transformer in series in parallel, and the first resistor is connected with the first capacitor in parallel and then grounded.
7. The series battery equalizing charge circuit of claim 6, wherein the voltage divider circuit comprises: the pulse width modulator comprises a second resistor and a third resistor, wherein one end of the second resistor is connected with one end of the first resistor, the other end of the second resistor is connected with one end of the third resistor and one end of an optical coupling isolation feedback module respectively, the other end of the optical coupling isolation feedback module is connected with a feedback signal receiving end of the pulse width modulator, and the other end of the third resistor is grounded.
8. The series battery equalizing charge circuit of claim 1, wherein the detection control module comprises a single chip microcomputer and an analog front-end chip.
9. The series battery equalizing charge circuit of claim 5, wherein the optocoupler-isolated feedback module comprises an optocoupler and a voltage reference chip circuit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210141147.7A CN114336911A (en) | 2022-02-16 | 2022-02-16 | Equalizing charge circuit for series batteries |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210141147.7A CN114336911A (en) | 2022-02-16 | 2022-02-16 | Equalizing charge circuit for series batteries |
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| CN114336911A true CN114336911A (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023231491A1 (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2023-12-07 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Power battery charging switching system, and powered vehicle |
| CN117294117A (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2023-12-26 | 西安奇点能源股份有限公司 | Primary side current detection circuit and detection method for multi-winding series high-voltage flyback power supply |
-
2022
- 2022-02-16 CN CN202210141147.7A patent/CN114336911A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023231491A1 (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2023-12-07 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Power battery charging switching system, and powered vehicle |
| CN117294117A (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2023-12-26 | 西安奇点能源股份有限公司 | Primary side current detection circuit and detection method for multi-winding series high-voltage flyback power supply |
| CN117294117B (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-02-06 | 西安奇点能源股份有限公司 | Primary side current detection circuit and detection method for multi-winding series high-voltage flyback power supply |
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