CN114336023A - Broadband high-gain substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband high-gain substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna, which comprises an upper dielectric plate and a lower dielectric plate, wherein the top of the upper dielectric plate is provided with 16 metal patch units distributed diagonally, the top of the lower dielectric plate is provided with a metal floor, the center of the metal floor is etched with a long strip-shaped gap with symmetrical branches, the bottom of the lower dielectric plate is provided with a microstrip feed line, and the terminal of the microstrip feed line is connected with a 50 omega SMA joint. The gain of the traditional slot antenna is improved, the front-to-back ratio of the antenna is reduced, and the radiation performance is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waveguide antennas, and relates to a broadband high-gain substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna.
Background
The performance of the whole communication system is affected by the antenna as a terminal of the communication system, and the distance of the detection distance represents the performance of the antenna. The detection distance and the detection accuracy are mainly represented by the antenna gain. The higher the gain of the antenna is, the longer the detection distance is, but as the gain of the antenna is increased, the backward radiation of the antenna is inevitably increased, which affects the radiation performance of the antenna, so that how to effectively reduce the front-to-back ratio while increasing the gain of the antenna presents a challenge to researchers.
The advent of Substrate Integrated Waveguides (SIW) has satisfied the need for highly directional antennas that are simple in construction, have high Q and directivity, and are easily integrated with systems. Meanwhile, the metamaterial surface is paid attention by many researchers as a technology which is newly raised in recent years, and the loading of the metamaterial surface in an antenna system can effectively improve the overall performance of the antenna. Such as broadening the bandwidth, beam steering, polarization switching, increasing gain, etc. The combination of the SIW antenna and the super-structure surface fully retains the advantages of high directivity and low backward radiation of the SIW antenna, and greatly improves the overall performance of the antenna by means of the super-structure surface, so that the mutual fusion of the two technologies has a great prospect and is paid attention by many researchers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a broadband high-gain substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna, which improves the gain of the traditional slot antenna, reduces the front-to-back ratio of the antenna and improves the radiation performance.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the broadband high-gain substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna comprises an upper-layer dielectric plate and a lower-layer dielectric plate, wherein 16 diagonally distributed metal patch units are arranged at the top of the upper-layer dielectric plate, a metal floor is arranged at the top of the lower-layer dielectric plate, a long strip-shaped gap with symmetrical branches is etched in the center of the metal floor, a microstrip feed line is arranged at the bottom of the lower-layer dielectric plate, and a feed line terminal of the microstrip feed line is connected with a 50 omega SMA connector.
The invention is also characterized in that:
two short branches are symmetrically loaded near the radiation zero point of the gap.
The 16 metal units are distributed in a diagonal mode, and the axial distances are the same.
And SIW resonant cavities are distributed around the metal patch units, and metal through holes of the SIW resonant cavities are connected with the metal floor.
The upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate are Rogers 4003C dielectric plates with dielectric constants of 3.38.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the broadband high-gain substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna improves the gain of the traditional slot antenna, reduces the front-to-back ratio of the antenna and improves the radiation performance. The multimode resonance theory is introduced, the bandwidth of the antenna is widened, the super-structure surface is positioned at the top of the radiation antenna and used for further improving the overall performance of the antenna, meanwhile, the backward radiation of the traditional slot antenna is large, and the energy loss is large. The most important innovation point of the invention is that the gain of the antenna is improved by the improved design of the super-structure surface unit, and the improvement amplitude is about 2 dBi.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a broadband high-gain substrate integrated waveguide resonator antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the evolution of a broadband high-gain substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the S parameter of a broadband high gain substrate integrated waveguide resonator antenna of the present invention with frequency variation;
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the gain of a broadband high-gain substrate-integrated waveguide resonator antenna of the present invention as a function of frequency;
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the gain pattern with frequency at 5GHz for a broadband high-gain substrate integrated waveguide resonator antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of S parameter learning for a slot in a broadband high gain substrate integrated waveguide resonator antenna in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of directional diagram parameter learning when a slot in a broadband high-gain substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna is at 5GHz according to the invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of simulated and measured S parameter versus frequency for a broadband high gain substrate integrated waveguide resonator antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph of simulated and measured gain versus frequency for a broadband high gain substrate integrated waveguide resonator antenna in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention discloses a broadband high-gain substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna, which comprises an upper dielectric plate and a lower dielectric plate, wherein the top of the upper dielectric plate is provided with 16 metal patch units distributed diagonally, the top of the lower dielectric plate is provided with a metal floor, the center of the metal floor is etched with a long strip-shaped gap with symmetrical branches, the bottom of the lower dielectric plate is provided with a microstrip feed line, and the terminal of the microstrip feed line is connected with a 50 omega SMA connector. Two short branches are symmetrically loaded near the radiation zero point of the gap. The 16 metal units are distributed in a diagonal mode, and the axial distances are the same. And SIW resonant cavities are distributed around the metal patch units, and metal through holes of the SIW resonant cavities are connected with the metal floor. The upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate are Rogers 4003C dielectric plates with dielectric constants of 3.38.
The invention discloses a broadband high-gain substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna, which consists of two layers of dielectric plates and three layers of metal surfaces, wherein 16 diagonally distributed metal patch units are placed on the top of the upper layer of dielectric plate, a metal floor is arranged on the top of the lower layer of dielectric plate, a long strip-shaped slot with symmetrical branches is etched in the center of the metal floor, a micro-strip feeder line is arranged at the bottom of the lower layer of dielectric plate, and the terminal of the feeder line is connected with a 50 omega SMA connector. The antenna is fed by the multimode slot antenna, two short branch sections are symmetrically added near the radiation zero point of the slot, an additional radiation mode is introduced, and the working bandwidth of the antenna is effectively widened.
The invention discloses a broadband high-gain substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna, wherein two Rogers 4003C dielectric plates with dielectric constants of 3.38 are adopted as the dielectric plates, and the thicknesses of the two Rogers 4003C dielectric plates are respectively H1And H2Dimension L of dielectric sheet1×L 116 diagonally distributed metal patch units are positioned on the top surface of the upper dielectric plate, and SIW resonant cavities are distributed around the metal units and have the diameter DsiwAt a distance of PsiwThe metal through hole is connected with the patch and the floor, the metal floor is positioned on the top surface of the lower dielectric slab, and no gap exists between the two dielectric slabs. The center of the metal floor is etched with a long strip-shaped gap with symmetrical branches, and the bottom of the lower dielectric plate is provided with a micro-strip feeder line. The broadband high-gain substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna adopts lateral feeding, 1 feeding port is provided in total, and a feeder line terminal is connected with a 50 omega SMA connector.
The broadband high-gain substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna introduces a multimode resonance theory at a feed part to widen the bandwidth of the antenna. Secondly, a super-structure surface is loaded on the top of the radiation antenna, so that the overall performance of the antenna is further improved, meanwhile, the backward radiation of the traditional slot antenna is larger, and the energy loss is more. The broadband high-gain substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna improves the gain of the antenna through the improved design of the super-structure surface unit, and the lifting amplitude is about 2 dBi.
Fig. 2 is an evolutionary diagram design of an antenna consisting of two dielectric slabs fed by a multimode slot antenna, with a superstructure surface consisting of 4 x 4 corner-cut patch elements on top of the upper dielectric slab. On the basis of the antenna, a SIW resonant cavity is introduced at the periphery of the super-structure surface to form an antenna 2. It can be seen from fig. 3 and 4 that the impedance bandwidth of the antenna 2 has a small broadening (200MHz) in the low frequency part compared with that of the antenna 1, and the gain has a small increasing (about 0.4dBi), which means that the SIW cavity does not cause a large deterioration in the performance of the original antenna, while fig. 5 shows that the SIW cavity can effectively reduce the backward radiation and improve the front-to-back ratio of the antenna, because the SIW cavity effectively binds the energy of the super-structure surface, the loss of energy is reduced, and the gain of the antenna is improved to some extent. Meanwhile, due to the radiation characteristic of the SIW resonant cavity, backward radiation is reduced, and the overall front-to-back ratio of the antenna is improved. Fig. 6 and 7 are directed to parameter learning of the distance G between the super-structure units, as shown in fig. 6, as G increases, the operating bandwidth becomes narrower, but at the same time, the matching performance becomes better, and the operating bandwidth can be adjusted by selecting an appropriate value of G. As shown in fig. 7, as G increases, the side lobe decreases and the backward radiation is substantially constant.
Fig. 8 shows a simulation actual diagram of the variation of the S parameter with the frequency, and it can be seen from fig. 8 that the simulated operating bandwidths of the antennas are respectively 1.7GHz (4.3GHz-6GHz), while the measured bandwidths are slightly narrower than those of the simulations, and the small difference between the measured bandwidths and the simulated bandwidths of 1.6GHz (4.1GHz-5.6GHz), respectively, is probably caused by the influence of the solder joints and the processing error. Fig. 9 shows a simulation actual graph of the variation of the gain with the frequency, and it can be seen from the graph that the simulation gain is relatively stable in the operating frequency band, the peak gain is 10.9dBi at 5.4GHz, and the similarity between the actual measurement gain and the simulation gain is relatively high.
The invention discloses a broadband high-gain substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna, which comprises two layers of dielectric plates and three layers of metal surfaces, wherein 16 diagonally distributed metal patch units are placed on the top of the upper layer of dielectric plate, a metal floor is arranged on the top of the lower layer of dielectric plate, a long strip-shaped slot with symmetrical branches is etched in the center of the metal floor, a micro-strip feeder line is arranged at the bottom of the lower layer of dielectric plate, and the terminal of the feeder line is connected with a 50 omega SMA connector. The bandwidth of the antenna is widened by introducing a multimode resonance theory, and the super-structure surface is positioned at the top of the radiation antenna and used for further improving the overall performance of the antenna. The broadband high-gain substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna improves the gain of the antenna through the improved design of the super-structure surface unit, and the lifting amplitude is about 2 dBi. The gain of the traditional slot antenna is improved, the front-to-back ratio of the antenna is reduced, and the radiation performance is improved.
Claims (5)
1. The broadband high-gain substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna is characterized by comprising an upper dielectric plate and a lower dielectric plate, wherein 16 diagonally distributed metal patch units are arranged at the top of the upper dielectric plate, a metal floor is arranged at the top of the lower dielectric plate, a long strip-shaped gap with symmetrical branches is etched in the center of the metal floor, a microstrip feed line is arranged at the bottom of the lower dielectric plate, and a feed line terminal of the microstrip feed line is connected with a 50 omega SMA connector.
2. The broadband high-gain substrate integrated waveguide resonator antenna according to claim 1, wherein two stubs are symmetrically loaded near a radiation zero point of the slot.
3. The broadband high gain substrate-integrated waveguide resonator antenna according to claim 1, wherein 16 of said metal elements are distributed diagonally with the same axial distance.
4. The broadband high-gain substrate integrated waveguide resonator antenna according to claim 1, wherein SIW resonators are distributed around the metal patch unit, and metal through holes of the SIW resonators are connected to a metal floor.
5. The broadband high-gain substrate integrated waveguide resonator antenna according to claim 1, wherein the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate are Rogers 4003C dielectric plates having a dielectric constant of 3.38.
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