CN114335807A - Battery cooling system of electric mining dump truck and control method - Google Patents
Battery cooling system of electric mining dump truck and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114335807A CN114335807A CN202111682381.2A CN202111682381A CN114335807A CN 114335807 A CN114335807 A CN 114335807A CN 202111682381 A CN202111682381 A CN 202111682381A CN 114335807 A CN114335807 A CN 114335807A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 286
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 168
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention provides a battery cooling system of an electric mining dump truck, which comprises at least two cooling units arranged in parallel, at least two battery packs arranged in parallel, a first cooling pipeline and a second cooling pipeline, wherein each battery pack comprises at least two battery units arranged in parallel, and each battery unit comprises at least two battery modules arranged in series; the water outlets of the at least two cooling units are communicated with the first cooling pipeline after being converged, the water inlets of the at least two cooling units are communicated with the second cooling pipeline after being converged, the water inlets of the at least two battery units in each battery pack are communicated to the first cooling pipeline after being converged, and the water outlets of the at least two battery units in each battery pack are communicated to the second cooling pipeline after being converged. The invention further provides a battery cooling control method of the electric mining dump truck.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical equipment, in particular to a battery cooling system of an electric mining dump truck and a control method.
Background
Along with the gradual scale and specialization of mining, the requirements for the transportation quality of vehicles are gradually improved, and the current main transportation machinery mainly adopts a mining dump truck. The mining dump truck has three pain points: the electric mining dump truck has the advantages of high efficiency, energy conservation, zero pollution and zero emission, and gradually becomes the first vehicle type in the mine transportation industry.
The power battery is a core component of the electric mining dump truck, electrochemical reactions of the power battery in the charging and discharging processes can occur within a specific temperature range, the power battery can continuously generate heat in the charging and discharging processes, and the influence of overhigh temperature on the performance of the power battery mainly comprises the following steps: operation of the electrochemical system, cycle efficiency, battery rechargeability, power and battery capacity, battery reliability, total life of the battery, and cycle times. The power battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck at least meets two requirements during design: the highest operation temperature is reduced, and the temperature uniformity is improved. Because the electric mining dump truck works in the severe environment of a mine, the electric mining dump truck usually works continuously for a long time, and a plurality of groups of power batteries with large electric quantity and high energy density are generally adopted, the generated heat is large, the heat dissipation requirement is higher, and therefore, an independent cooling system capable of meeting the heat dissipation requirement of the power batteries of the electric mining dump truck is needed to be designed.
The prior art discloses an electronic ore deposit card battery cooling system of side battery-hanging as patent number CN202022436401.5, its shortcoming lies in: 1. two cooling units are adopted to respectively and independently cool a group of battery packs, so that the number of pipelines is excessive, the pipelines are difficult to arrange, and the cooling of each battery module is uneven, so that the safety and the service life of the battery are influenced; 2. the cooling pipeline is not provided with a filter, so that the impurities in the pipeline and the cooling liquid cannot be filtered, and the pipeline is easy to block; 3. the cooling pipeline is not provided with a cooling liquid quick-release device, so that the cooling system is inconvenient to maintain, time is wasted, and the attendance of the mine car is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a battery cooling system and a control method of an electric mining dump truck, and aims to solve or at least partially solve the defects in the background technology.
The invention provides a battery cooling system of an electric mining dump truck, which comprises at least two cooling units arranged in parallel, at least two battery packs arranged in parallel, a first cooling pipeline and a second cooling pipeline, wherein each battery pack comprises at least two battery units arranged in parallel, and each battery unit comprises at least two battery modules arranged in series; the water outlets of at least two cooling units are communicated with the first cooling pipeline after being converged, the water inlets of at least two cooling units are communicated with the second cooling pipeline after being converged, the water inlets of at least two battery units in each battery pack are communicated to the first cooling pipeline after being converged, and the water outlets of at least two battery units in each battery pack are communicated to the second cooling pipeline after being converged.
Furthermore, a filter is arranged on a pipeline between the water outlet of the battery pack and the water inlet of the cooling unit.
Further, the battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck further comprises a water drainage pipeline, the water drainage pipeline is communicated to the first cooling pipeline, and a water drainage valve is arranged on the water drainage pipeline.
Further, the battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck further comprises an expansion water tank, and a water outlet of the expansion water tank is communicated to a pipeline between a water outlet of the battery pack and a water inlet of the cooling unit.
Furthermore, the battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck further comprises a vent pipe, one end of the vent pipe is communicated with the expansion water tank, and the other end of the vent pipe is communicated to a pipeline between a water outlet of the cooling unit and a water inlet of the battery pack and/or a pipeline between a water outlet of the battery pack and a water inlet of the cooling unit.
Furthermore, a junction of water inlets of at least two cooling units, a junction of water outlets of at least two cooling units, a connection between a water inlet of the battery pack and the first cooling pipeline, a connection between a water outlet of the battery pack and the second cooling pipeline, a junction of water inlets of at least two battery units in each battery pack, and a junction of water outlets of at least two battery units in each battery pack are all provided with a three-way valve or a four-way valve.
Further, the at least two cooling units comprise a first cooling unit and a second cooling unit which are arranged in parallel, and the at least two battery packs comprise a first battery pack, a second battery pack and a third battery pack which are arranged in parallel; the water outlet of the first cooling unit and the water outlet of the second cooling unit are communicated with the first cooling pipeline after being converged, and the water inlet of the first battery pack, the water inlet of the second battery pack and the water inlet of the third battery pack are respectively communicated to the first cooling pipeline; and the water inlet of the first cooling unit and the water inlet of the second cooling unit are communicated with the second cooling pipeline after being converged, and the water outlet of the first battery pack, the water outlet of the second battery pack and the water outlet of the third battery pack are respectively communicated to the second cooling pipeline.
Further, at least two battery units in each battery pack comprise a first battery unit and a second battery unit which are arranged in parallel, each of the first battery unit and the second battery unit comprises at least two battery modules which are arranged in series, a water inlet of the first battery unit and a water inlet of the second battery unit are communicated to the first cooling pipeline after being converged, and a water outlet of the first battery unit and a water outlet of the second battery unit are communicated to the second cooling pipeline after being converged.
The invention also provides a battery cooling control method of the electric mining dump truck, which is applied to the battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck, and the cooling unit comprises three working modes: the battery cooling control method of the electric mining dump truck comprises the following steps of:
when the highest temperature T of the battery pack is reached in the driving processmaxNot less than 30 ℃ and the average temperature T of the battery packmeanWhen the temperature is more than or equal to 26 ℃, the vehicle is cooled and started; if the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit is more than or equal to 15 ℃, the cooling unit enters a refrigeration mode; if the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit is more than 12 ℃ and less than 15 ℃, and the former mode is a shutdown mode or a self-circulation mode, the cooling unit enters the self-circulation mode; if the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit is more than 12 ℃ and less than 15 ℃, and the former mode is a refrigeration mode, the cooling unit enters the refrigeration mode; if the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit is less than or equal to 12 ℃, the cooling unit enters a self-circulation mode; when the maximum temperature T of the battery packmax26 ℃ or less or the average temperature T of the batterymeanWhen the temperature is less than or equal to 24 ℃, the cooling unit enters a shutdown mode;
when the battery is charged, the highest temperature T of the battery packmaxNot less than 30 ℃ and the average temperature T of the battery packmeanWhen the temperature is more than or equal to 26 ℃, charging and cooling are started; if the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit is more than or equal to 10 ℃, the cooling unit enters a refrigeration mode; if the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit is more than 7 ℃ and less than 10 ℃, and the former mode is a shutdown mode or a self-circulation mode, the cooling unit enters the self-circulation mode; if the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit is more than 7 ℃ and less than 10 ℃ and the former mode is a refrigeration mode, the cooling unit enters the refrigeration mode; if the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit is less than or equal to 7 ℃, the cooling unit enters a self-circulation mode; when the maximum temperature T of the battery packmax26 ℃ or less or the average temperature T of the batterymeanWhen the temperature is less than or equal to 24 ℃, the cooling unit enters a shutdown dieFormula (II) is shown.
Further, when the cooling unit enters a cooling mode, a water pump and cooling equipment in the cooling unit are both started; when the cooling unit enters a self-circulation mode, a water pump in the cooling unit is started, and refrigeration equipment in the cooling unit is closed; and when the cooling unit enters a shutdown mode, both the water pump and the refrigeration equipment in the cooling unit are closed.
The battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck provided by the invention adopts the cooling unit and the battery pack which are arranged in parallel, each battery unit in each battery pack is arranged in parallel, and each battery module in each battery unit is arranged in series, namely, various series-parallel connection modes are adopted, so that the heat dissipation requirement of the power battery of the electric mining dump truck can be met, the cooling uniformity of the battery can be improved, the temperature uniformity of different battery modules in each battery pack is ensured, the safety and the service life of the battery are improved, pipelines and cost can be saved, and the arrangement is convenient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cooling system of an electric mining dump truck in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic working flow diagram of the battery cooling control method of the electric mining dump truck according to the embodiment of the invention in the driving process.
Fig. 3 is a schematic working flow diagram of the battery cooling control method for the electric mining dump truck according to the embodiment of the invention when charging the battery.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and in the claims, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
The terms of orientation, up, down, left, right, front, back, top, bottom, and the like (if any) referred to in the specification and claims of the present invention are defined by the positions of structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures relative to each other, only for the sake of clarity and convenience in describing the technical solutions. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims.
As shown in fig. 1, the battery cooling system for the electric mining dump truck according to the embodiment of the present invention includes at least two cooling units 1 arranged in parallel, at least two battery packs 2 arranged in parallel, a first cooling pipeline 31, and a second cooling pipeline 32. Each battery pack 2 includes at least two battery cells 20 arranged in parallel, and each battery cell 20 includes at least two battery modules 200 arranged in series. The water outlets of the at least two cooling units 1 are communicated with the first cooling pipeline 31 after being converged, the water inlets of the at least two cooling units 1 are communicated with the second cooling pipeline 32 after being converged, the water inlets of the at least two battery units 20 in each battery pack 2 are communicated to the first cooling pipeline 31 after being converged, and the water outlets of the at least two battery units 20 in each battery pack 2 are communicated to the second cooling pipeline 32 after being converged.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the cooling unit 1 mainly includes a water pump, a water tank, a compressor, a plate heat exchanger, an expansion valve, a cooling fan, a refrigeration device (condenser), a driver, a high-pressure wire harness, a low-pressure wire harness, a controller, a temperature sensor, and the like (none of the above components are shown or labeled). The water pump is used for driving cooling liquid (generally cooling water, and certainly other types of cooling liquid can be used) in the pipeline to circularly flow; the condenser exchanges heat with the cooling liquid through the plate heat exchanger after refrigeration so as to cool the cooling liquid; the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit 1 (namely the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the cooling unit 1); the cooling fan cools the battery module 200 by blowing air when operating. When the battery module 200 is cooled, the cooling liquid flows out from the water outlets of the cooling units 1, then merges and flows into the first cooling pipeline 31, and then flows to the battery packs 2 through the first cooling pipeline 31; in each battery pack 2, the cooling fluid flows through each battery module 200 of each battery cell 20, thereby uniformly cooling each battery module 200; the cooling liquid joins the second cooling pipeline 32 after flowing through each battery pack 2, then is divided to flow to the water inlets of each cooling unit 1, and flows out from the water outlets of each cooling unit 1 again after being cooled in each cooling unit 1, so as to circulate.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, by using the cooling unit 1 and the battery pack 2, which are arranged in parallel, each battery unit 20 in each battery pack 2 is arranged in parallel, each battery module 200 in each battery unit 20 is arranged in series, that is, by using various series-parallel connection modes, not only can the heat dissipation requirement of the power battery of the electric mining dump truck be met, but also the cooling uniformity of the battery can be improved, the uniformity of the temperatures of different battery modules 200 in each battery pack 2 can be ensured, the safety and the service life of the battery can be improved, and pipelines and costs can be saved, and the arrangement is convenient.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a filter 4 is disposed on a pipeline between the water outlet of the battery pack 2 and the water inlet of the cooling unit 1.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, a filter 4 is disposed at the water inlet of each cooling unit 1. Because the electric mining dump truck works in a mining area for a long time, the working environment is complex, the road is rugged, and dust is large, a filter 4 is arranged at a water inlet of the cooling unit 1 to filter impurities in the cooling liquid, so that the cooling pipeline and the cooling unit 1 are prevented from being blocked.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck further includes a drain line 5, the drain line 5 is communicated to the first cooling line 31, and a drain valve 51 is disposed on the drain line 5.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the drain line 5 is communicated to the first cooling line 31 through the four-way valve 82 (of course, in other embodiments, the three-way valve 81 may be employed). During maintenance, the coolant in the pipe can be discharged easily and rapidly through the drain valve 51, thereby facilitating maintenance operations.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck further includes an expansion water tank 6, and a water outlet of the expansion water tank 6 is communicated to a pipeline between a water outlet of the battery pack 2 and a water inlet of the cooling unit 1.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the expansion tank 6 is communicated to the water inlet pipeline of the cooling unit 1 through a water replenishing pipe by adopting a three-way valve 81, and the expansion tank 6 stores therein cooling liquid (cooling water) for replenishing water to the cooling pipeline.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck further includes a breather pipe 7, one end of the breather pipe 7 is communicated with the expansion water tank 6, and the other end of the breather pipe 7 is communicated to a pipeline between a water outlet of the cooling unit 1 and a water inlet of the battery pack 2 and/or a pipeline between a water outlet of the battery pack 2 and a water inlet of the cooling unit 1.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the number of the vent pipes 7 is two, one end of one vent pipe 7 is communicated with the expansion water tank 6, and the other end thereof is communicated to a pipeline between the water outlet of the cooling unit 1 and the water inlet of the battery pack 2; one end of the other vent pipe 7 is communicated with the expansion water tank 6, and the other end of the other vent pipe is communicated to a pipeline between the water outlet of the battery pack 2 and the water inlet of the cooling unit 1. In the operation process, because the cooling pipeline is internally brought with gas, the pressure in the cooling pipeline can be gradually increased, and the gas in the cooling pipeline is discharged to the expansion tank 6 through the vent pipe 7 by arranging the vent pipe 7, so as to maintain the stability of the pressure in the cooling pipeline, keep the balance between the pressure in the expansion tank 6 and the pressure in the cooling pipeline, and enable the cooling liquid in the expansion tank 6 to smoothly flow into the cooling pipeline.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a three-way valve 81 or a four-way valve 82 is disposed at a junction of water inlets of at least two cooling units 1, a junction of water outlets of at least two cooling units 1, a junction of a water inlet of a battery pack 2 and a first cooling pipeline 31, a junction of a water outlet of the battery pack 2 and a second cooling pipeline 32, a junction of water inlets of at least two battery units 20 in each battery pack 2, and a junction of water outlets of at least two battery units 20 in each battery pack 2.
Specifically, by providing the three-way valve 81 or the four-way valve 82 at the intersection of each parallel branch, the cooling liquid can uniformly flow through each branch, thereby further improving the cooling uniformity of the battery, ensuring the uniformity of the temperature of different battery modules 200 in each battery pack 2, and reducing the repeated piping arrangement and saving the cost.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the number of the at least two cooling units 1 is two, and the at least two cooling units include a first cooling unit 11 and a second cooling unit 12 that are arranged in parallel, and the power of the first cooling unit 11 is the same as that of the second cooling unit 12; the number of the at least two battery packs 2 is three, and the at least two battery packs include a first battery pack a, a second battery pack B, and a third battery pack C, which are arranged in parallel. The water outlet of the first cooling unit 11 and the water outlet of the second cooling unit 12 are converged and then communicated with the first cooling pipeline 31, and the water inlet of the first battery pack A, the water inlet of the second battery pack B and the water inlet of the third battery pack C are respectively communicated to the first cooling pipeline 31; the water inlet of the first cooling unit 11 and the water inlet of the second cooling unit 12 are communicated with the second cooling pipeline 32 after being converged, and the water outlet of the first battery pack A, the water outlet of the second battery pack B and the water outlet of the third battery pack C are respectively communicated to the second cooling pipeline 32. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of cooling units 1 and the number of battery packs 2 may be greater, and the specific number may be set according to actual requirements.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, at least two battery cells 20 in each battery pack 2 include a first battery cell 21 and a second battery cell 22 arranged in parallel, and each of the first battery cell 21 and the second battery cell 22 includes at least two battery modules 200 arranged in series. The water inlet of the first battery unit 21 and the water inlet of the second battery unit 22 are merged and then communicated to the first cooling pipeline 31, and the water outlet of the first battery unit 21 and the water outlet of the second battery unit 22 are merged and then communicated to the second cooling pipeline 32.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first battery unit 21 includes three battery modules 200 arranged in series, and the second battery unit 22 includes two battery modules 200 arranged in series, that is, in the present embodiment, five battery modules 200 in each battery pack 2 adopt a 3+2 series-parallel connection manner, so as to ensure the temperature uniformity of each battery module 200 in each battery pack 2 and each battery cell in each battery module 200. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of battery cells 20 in each battery pack 2 and the number of battery modules 200 in each battery cell 20 may be set according to actual requirements.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a battery cooling control method for an electric mining dump truck, which is applied to the battery cooling system for an electric mining dump truck. Wherein, cooling unit 1 includes following three kinds of mode: the battery cooling control method of the electric mining dump truck comprises the following steps:
firstly, during the driving process, when the highest temperature T of the battery pack 2maxNot less than 30 ℃ and the average temperature T of the battery pack 2meanWhen the temperature is more than or equal to 26 ℃, the vehicle is cooled and started; if the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit 1 is more than or equal to 15 ℃, the cooling unit 1 enters a refrigeration mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit 1 is more than 12 ℃ and less than 15 ℃, and the former mode is a shutdown mode or a self-circulation mode, the cooling unit 1 enters the self-circulation mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit 1 is more than 12 ℃ and less than 15 ℃ and the former mode is the refrigeration mode, the cooling unit 1 enters the refrigeration mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit 1 is less than or equal to 12 ℃, the cooling unit 1 enters a self-circulation mode;
when the maximum temperature T of the battery pack 2maxLess than or equal to 26 ℃ or the average temperature T of the battery pack 2meanAnd when the temperature is less than or equal to 24 ℃, the cooling unit 1 enters a shutdown mode.
Secondly, when the battery is charged, the highest temperature T of the battery pack 2maxNot less than 30 ℃ and the average temperature T of the battery pack 2meanWhen the temperature is more than or equal to 26 ℃, charging and cooling are started; if the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit 1 is more than or equal to 10 ℃, the cooling unit 1 enters a refrigeration mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit 1 is more than 7 ℃ and less than 10 ℃ and the former mode is a shutdown mode or a self-circulation mode, the cooling unit 1 enters the self-circulation mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit 1 is more than 7 ℃ and less than 10 ℃, and the former mode is manufacturingIn the cold mode, the cooling unit 1 enters a refrigeration mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit 1 is less than or equal to 7 ℃, the cooling unit 1 enters a self-circulation mode;
when the maximum temperature T of the battery pack 2maxLess than or equal to 26 ℃ or the average temperature T of the battery pack 2meanAnd when the temperature is less than or equal to 24 ℃, the cooling unit 1 enters a shutdown mode.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the maximum temperature T of the battery pack 2maxMeans the highest temperature of all the cells in each cell group 2, and the average temperature T of the cell group 2meanRefers to the average temperature of all the cells in each battery pack 2 over a certain period of time t. For example: when the temperature of a certain cell in the cell group 2 reaches 30 ℃, the average temperature of all the cells in each cell group 2 over the next time period t (for example, t is 0.5ms) is detected and calculated.
Specifically, as the electric mining dump truck operating in the mining area has the working characteristics of long-time continuous operation, the power battery is always in a charging and discharging state, the generated heat is large, the power battery is continuously in a high-temperature state, and the self-heating function of the battery pack is enough to meet the heating requirement of the battery pack, three control modes, namely a shutdown mode, a self-circulation mode and a refrigeration mode, are adopted in the embodiment, so that the cooling requirement of the battery can be met, the cost is well controlled, meanwhile, the temperature of the battery can be guaranteed to be within a set range, and the safety and the service life of the battery are improved.
Further, in this embodiment, when the cooling unit 1 enters the cooling mode, both the water pump and the refrigeration equipment (condenser) in the cooling unit 1 are turned on, and the cooling fan is also turned on synchronously, at this time, the cooling liquid in the cooling pipeline flows in a circulating manner, and the refrigeration equipment cools the cooling liquid; when the cooling unit 1 enters the self-circulation mode, a water pump in the cooling unit 1 is started, refrigeration equipment and a cooling fan in the cooling unit 1 are closed, cooling liquid in a cooling pipeline flows in a circulating mode at the moment, and the refrigeration equipment does not cool the cooling liquid; when the cooling unit 1 enters a shutdown mode, the water pump, the refrigeration equipment and the cooling fan in the cooling unit 1 are all closed, the cooling liquid in the cooling pipeline does not flow circularly, and the refrigeration equipment does not cool the cooling liquid.
The battery cooling system and the control method of the electric mining dump truck provided by the embodiment have the advantages that:
1. in the embodiment, the cooling unit 1 and the battery pack 2 which are arranged in parallel are adopted, each battery unit 20 in each battery pack 2 is arranged in parallel, and each battery module 200 in each battery unit 20 is arranged in series, that is, various series-parallel connection modes are adopted, so that the heat dissipation requirement of the power battery of the electric mining dump truck can be met, the highest temperature of the battery is effectively reduced, the cooling uniformity of the battery can be improved, the temperature uniformity of different battery modules 200 in each battery pack 2 is ensured, the safety and the service life of the battery are improved, pipelines and cost can be saved, and the arrangement is convenient;
2. in order to adapt to the working environment with large dust in a mining area, the filter 4 is arranged at the water inlet of the cooling unit 1 in the embodiment to filter impurities in the cooling liquid, so that the cooling pipeline and the cooling unit 1 are prevented from being blocked;
3. in order to adapt to the characteristics of long-time continuous operation and high maintenance frequency of the pure electric mining dump truck, the drain pipeline 5 and the drain valve 51 are arranged, so that the cooling liquid in the pipeline can be conveniently and rapidly discharged through the drain valve 51 during maintenance, the maintenance operation is convenient, the time is saved, and the benefit is improved;
4. in order to meet the working requirement of continuous periodic charging and discharging of the power battery of the pure electric mining dump truck, the power battery control system adopts three control modes, namely a shutdown mode, a self-circulation mode and a refrigeration mode, is simple and practical, can meet the cooling requirement of the battery, well controls the cost, can ensure that the temperature of the battery is in a set range, and improves the safety and the service life of the battery;
5. in this embodiment, the three-way valve 81 or the four-way valve 82 is provided at the intersection of each parallel branch, so that the cooling liquid can uniformly flow through each branch, thereby further improving the cooling uniformity of the battery, ensuring the temperature uniformity of different battery modules 200 in each battery pack 2, reducing the repeated pipeline arrangement, and saving the cost.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck is characterized by comprising at least two cooling units (1) arranged in parallel, at least two battery packs (2) arranged in parallel, a first cooling pipeline (31) and a second cooling pipeline (32), wherein each battery pack (2) comprises at least two battery units (20) arranged in parallel, and each battery unit (20) comprises at least two battery modules (200) arranged in series; the water outlets of at least two cooling units (1) are communicated with the first cooling pipeline (31) after being converged, the water inlets of at least two cooling units (1) are communicated with the second cooling pipeline (32) after being converged, the water inlets of at least two battery units (20) in each battery pack (2) are communicated to the first cooling pipeline (31) after being converged, and the water outlets of at least two battery units (20) in each battery pack (2) are communicated to the second cooling pipeline (32) after being converged.
2. The battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that a filter (4) is arranged on a pipeline between a water outlet of the battery pack (2) and a water inlet of the cooling unit (1).
3. The battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck further comprises a drain pipeline (5), the drain pipeline (5) is communicated to the first cooling pipeline (31), and a drain valve (51) is arranged on the drain pipeline (5).
4. The battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck further comprises an expansion water tank (6), and a water outlet of the expansion water tank (6) is communicated to a pipeline between a water outlet of the battery pack (2) and a water inlet of the cooling unit (1).
5. The battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck according to claim 4, characterized in that the battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck further comprises a breather pipe (7), one end of the breather pipe (7) is communicated with the expansion water tank (6), and the other end of the breather pipe (7) is communicated to a pipeline between a water outlet of the cooling unit (1) and a water inlet of the battery pack (2) and/or a pipeline between a water outlet of the battery pack (2) and a water inlet of the cooling unit (1).
6. The battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck according to claim 1, wherein a junction of water inlets of at least two cooling units (1), a junction of water outlets of at least two cooling units (1), a junction of a water inlet of the battery pack (2) and the first cooling pipeline (31), a junction of a water outlet of the battery pack (2) and the second cooling pipeline (32), a junction of water inlets of at least two battery units (20) in each battery pack (2), and a junction of water outlets of at least two battery units (20) in each battery pack (2) are provided with a three-way valve (81) or a four-way valve (82).
7. The battery cooling system of the electric mining dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two cooling units (1) comprise a first cooling unit (11) and a second cooling unit (12) arranged in parallel, and at least two battery packs (2) comprise a first battery pack (a), a second battery pack (B) and a third battery pack (C) arranged in parallel; a water outlet of the first cooling unit (11) and a water outlet of the second cooling unit (12) are converged and then communicated with the first cooling pipeline (31), and a water inlet of the first battery pack (A), a water inlet of the second battery pack (B) and a water inlet of the third battery pack (C) are respectively communicated to the first cooling pipeline (31); the water inlet of the first cooling unit (11) and the water inlet of the second cooling unit (12) are communicated with the second cooling pipeline (32) after being converged, and the water outlet of the first battery pack (A), the water outlet of the second battery pack (B) and the water outlet of the third battery pack (C) are communicated to the second cooling pipeline (32) respectively.
8. The battery cooling system for the electric mining dump truck according to claim 1, wherein at least two battery units (20) in each battery pack (2) comprise a first battery unit (21) and a second battery unit (22) which are arranged in parallel, each of the first battery unit (21) and the second battery unit (22) respectively comprises at least two battery modules (200) which are arranged in series, a water inlet of the first battery unit (21) and a water inlet of the second battery unit (22) are communicated with the first cooling pipeline (31) after being merged, and a water outlet of the first battery unit (21) and a water outlet of the second battery unit (22) are communicated with the second cooling pipeline (32) after being merged.
9. A battery cooling control method for an electric mining dump truck, which is applied to the battery cooling system for the electric mining dump truck according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the cooling unit (1) comprises three working modes: the battery cooling control method of the electric mining dump truck comprises the following steps of:
when the highest temperature T of the battery pack (2) is reached during drivingmaxNot less than 30 ℃ and the average temperature T of the battery pack (2)meanWhen the temperature is more than or equal to 26 ℃, the vehicle is cooled and started; if the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit (1) is more than or equal to 15 ℃, the cooling unit (1) enters a refrigeration mode; if the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit (1) is more than 12 ℃ and less than 15 ℃, and the former mode is a shutdown mode or a self-circulation mode, the cooling unit (1) enters the self-circulation mode; if the temperature of the water inlet of the cooling unit (1) is more than 12 ℃ and less than 15 ℃ and the former mode is the refrigeration mode, (1)1) Entering a refrigeration mode; if the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit (1) is less than or equal to 12 ℃, the cooling unit (1) enters a self-circulation mode; when the highest temperature T of the battery pack (2)max26 ℃ or less or the average temperature T of the battery pack (2)meanWhen the temperature is less than or equal to 24 ℃, the cooling unit (1) enters a shutdown mode;
when charging the battery, when the highest temperature T of the battery pack (2) is reachedmaxNot less than 30 ℃ and the average temperature T of the battery pack (2)meanWhen the temperature is more than or equal to 26 ℃, charging and cooling are started; if the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit (1) is more than or equal to 10 ℃, the cooling unit (1) enters a refrigeration mode; if the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit (1) is more than 7 ℃ and less than 10 ℃ and the former mode is a shutdown mode or a self-circulation mode, the cooling unit (1) enters the self-circulation mode; if the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit (1) is more than 7 ℃ and less than 10 ℃ and the former mode is a refrigeration mode, the cooling unit (1) enters the refrigeration mode; if the temperature of a water inlet of the cooling unit (1) is less than or equal to 7 ℃, the cooling unit (1) enters a self-circulation mode; when the highest temperature T of the battery pack (2)max26 ℃ or less or the average temperature T of the battery pack (2)meanAnd when the temperature is less than or equal to 24 ℃, the cooling unit (1) enters a shutdown mode.
10. The battery cooling control method of the electric mining dump truck according to claim 9, characterized in that when the cooling unit (1) enters a cooling mode, both a water pump and cooling equipment in the cooling unit (1) are turned on; when the cooling unit (1) enters a self-circulation mode, a water pump in the cooling unit (1) is started, and refrigeration equipment in the cooling unit (1) is closed; and when the cooling unit (1) enters a shutdown mode, both a water pump and refrigeration equipment in the cooling unit (1) are closed.
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