CN114333545A - Combined vertical natural circulation steam generator's experimental analog body - Google Patents
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- CN114333545A CN114333545A CN202111517528.2A CN202111517528A CN114333545A CN 114333545 A CN114333545 A CN 114333545A CN 202111517528 A CN202111517528 A CN 202111517528A CN 114333545 A CN114333545 A CN 114333545A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a test simulator of a combined vertical natural circulation steam generator, and relates to the technical field of steam generators. The test simulator comprises a lower end enclosure, wherein a second lower cylinder and a first lower cylinder are fixed on the upper part of the lower end enclosure; an upper barrel is fixed at the upper part of the first lower barrel, at least 2 water supply pipes for water injection are uniformly arranged on the barrel wall of the upper barrel, and a heating assembly is arranged in the first lower barrel; a steam ascending pipeline is arranged in the upper barrel body, and a pore plate is arranged in the steam ascending pipeline; the lower opening of the steam ascending pipeline is communicated with the first lower cylinder; the test simulator also comprises at least 2 condensed water return pipelines which are uniformly arranged along the outer wall of the upper cylinder body; the inlet of the condensed water return pipeline is communicated with the upper cylinder, and the outlet of the condensed water return pipeline is communicated with the second lower cylinder. The invention can simulate the relevant functions of the vertical natural circulation steam generator, and further can accurately simulate the relevant characteristics of the vertical natural circulation steam generator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steam generators, in particular to a test simulator of a combined vertical natural circulation steam generator.
Background
The steam generator transfers the heat of the primary side working medium to the secondary side working medium through the heat transfer pipe bundle so as to generate steam with specific parameters for the steam turbine, and the steam generator is important equipment connected with the first loop system and the second loop system of the reactor. The vertical natural circulation steam generator has the advantages of large water volume, large heat storage capacity, good buffer performance and low requirement on automatic control, so the vertical natural circulation steam generator is widely applied to pressurized water reactors. Natural circulation steam generators are also used in marine reactors and floating nuclear power plant reactors, such as the japanese "lao" model nuclear power commercial ships.
When a serious accident occurs in the floating nuclear power station, secondary side water supply is lost, and in order to timely and reliably discharge the reactor core waste heat, a secondary side passive waste heat discharge system needs to be put into operation in time to lead out the reactor core waste heat. Unlike onshore nuclear power plant reactors, floating nuclear power plants are subject to typical ocean conditions such as wind, waves, and surges. When the ocean conditions act on the ship, the reactor device can generate additional acceleration, so that the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the system are changed, and the working capacity of the secondary side passive waste heat removal system is influenced.
In the related art, a system analysis program is usually used for analyzing the related characteristics, the final measured result has a deviation and cannot simulate a secondary side passive waste heat removal system under an ocean condition, so that the deviation is larger, and the working capacity of the secondary side passive waste heat removal system cannot be accurately measured.
In order to measure the working capacity of the secondary side passive waste heat removal system under the ocean condition, the secondary side passive waste heat removal system operation test needs to be carried out, the whole test loop equipment needs to be built on a swing table before the test, and the loop equipment comprises a test simulation body capable of accurately simulating the relevant characteristics of the vertical natural circulation steam generator.
However, neither commercially available nor related documents disclose a test simulator capable of simulating the relevant characteristics of a vertical natural circulation steam generator.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention solves the technical problems that: a test simulator capable of simulating the relevant characteristics of a vertical natural circulation steam generator is provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the combined vertical natural circulation steam generator test simulation body provided by the invention comprises a lower end enclosure fixed with a swing table, wherein a second lower cylinder and a first lower cylinder which is nested on the inner wall of the lower end enclosure and communicated with the lower end enclosure are sequentially fixed on the upper part of the lower end enclosure from bottom to top; an upper cylinder is fixed on the upper part of the first lower cylinder, and the upper cylinder and the first lower cylinder are sealed; the upper part of the upper barrel is communicated with an upper end socket, the barrel wall of the upper barrel is uniformly provided with at least 2 water supply pipes for water injection, and the first lower barrel is internally provided with a heating assembly for heating water and generating steam water; a steam ascending pipeline is arranged in the upper cylinder body, and a pore plate for steam-water separation is arranged in the steam ascending pipeline; the lower opening of the steam ascending pipeline is communicated with the first lower cylinder; the test simulator also comprises at least 2 condensed water return pipelines which are uniformly arranged along the outer wall of the upper cylinder body; the inlet of the condensed water return pipeline is communicated with the upper cylinder, and the outlet of the condensed water return pipeline is communicated with the second lower cylinder.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the test simulation body further comprises water supply rings, wherein the number of the water supply pipes is 2: the inlet of each water supply pipe is communicated with the water supply ring, and a plurality of water supply outlets are arranged on the ring wall of the water supply ring at equal intervals.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the condensed water backflow pipeline comprises a condensed water outlet pipeline, a descending pipeline and a condensed water inlet pipeline which are sequentially connected through flanges, the input end of the condensed water outlet pipeline is communicated with the upper barrel, and the output end of the condensed water inlet pipeline is communicated with the lower barrel of the second.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the heating assembly comprises a U-shaped electric heater fixed on the inner bottom of the lower end socket through a heater sleeve, and a first supporting plate, a second supporting plate and a flow distribution plate are sequentially arranged on the U-shaped electric heater from top to bottom.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the U-shaped electric heater comprises six groups of heating rods, the arrangement mode of the U-shaped electric heater is the same as that of the vertical natural circulation steam generator, the first supporting plate, the second supporting plate and the flow distribution plate are arranged at equal intervals, and the vertical distance between the flow distribution plate and the lower end socket is 120 mm.
On the basis of the technical scheme, thermocouples are uniformly distributed on the surface of the U-shaped electric heater, the cable and the thermocouple wires are led out from the heater sleeve, and a thermocouple lead leading-out pipeline is arranged on the wall of the first lower barrel.
On the basis of the technical scheme, 4 pull rods are vertically fixed on the lower end socket, and each pull rod penetrates through the first supporting plate, the second supporting plate and the flow distribution plate.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the lower part of the steam ascending channel is of a trapezoidal structure with a small upper part and a large lower part, and the outer wall of the steam ascending pipeline is also provided with an ascending pipeline supporting plate fixed with the inner wall of the upper cylinder body.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the ascending pipe supporting plate is positioned 50mm below the outlet of the steam ascending pipe.
On the basis of the technical scheme, a steam outlet pipeline and a safety valve pipeline which are communicated with the interior of the upper end enclosure are arranged on the outer wall of the upper end enclosure, and a drainage pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the lower end enclosure; the lower end enclosure and the second lower cylinder, the second lower cylinder and the first lower cylinder, and the first lower cylinder and the upper cylinder are all connected by flanges.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
when the steam-water separation device is used, water is injected through the water supply pipeline and flows to the heating assembly through the condensed water backflow pipeline to be heated to form a steam-water mixture, the steam-water mixture is subjected to steam-water separation through the steam ascending channel and the pore plates in the steam ascending channel, steam is discharged through the steam outlet pipeline, and condensed water flows back through the condensed water backflow pipeline to be reheated. Therefore, the invention can simulate the relevant functions of the vertical natural circulation steam generator, and further accurately simulate the relevant characteristics of the vertical natural circulation steam generator; meanwhile, the invention adopts sectional manufacture and assembly, and 2 condensed water return pipes are used for replacing an annular descending channel of the vertical natural circulation steam generator, so that the designed test simulator has small volume and weight, is simple in processing and manufacturing, and can be well adapted to the compact size and limited bearing capacity of the swing table.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a test simulator of a combined vertical natural circulation steam generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the water supply pipe and the water supply ring according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a heating assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a flow distribution plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a heater supporting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an ascending conduit supporting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: the steam outlet pipeline 1, the upper end enclosure 2, the upper cylinder 3, the orifice plate 4, the water supply outlet 5, the first water supply pipe 6, the sealing plate 7, the first condensed water outlet pipeline 8, the first supporting plate 9, the first descending pipeline 10, the U-shaped electric heater 11, the first condensed water inlet pipeline 12, the second descending pipeline 13, the drain pipeline 14, the heater sleeve 15, the lower end enclosure 16, the flow distribution plate 17, the second condensed water inlet pipeline 18, the second supporting plate 19, the first descending pipeline 20, the second descending pipeline 21, the second condensed water outlet pipeline 22, the second water supply pipeline 23, the water supply ring 24, the steam ascending through pipeline 25, the ascending pipeline supporting plate 26 and the safety valve pipeline 27.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, the combined vertical natural circulation steam generator test simulator in the embodiment of the invention comprises a lower end enclosure 16 fixed with a swing platform, a second lower cylinder 13 and a first lower cylinder 20 are sequentially fixed on the upper portion of the lower end enclosure 16 from bottom to top, the first lower cylinder 20 is nested on the inner wall of the second lower cylinder 13, and the second lower cylinder 13 is communicated with the first lower cylinder 20. The upper part of the first lower cylinder 20 is fixed with an upper cylinder 3, and the upper cylinder 3 and the first lower cylinder 20 are sealed by a sealing plate 7; the upper part of the upper barrel 3 is communicated with an upper end enclosure 2, the outer wall of the upper end enclosure 2 is provided with a steam outlet pipeline 1 and a safety valve pipeline 27 which are communicated with the inside of the upper end enclosure 2, and the bottom of the lower end enclosure 16 (specifically, the side opening of the bottom) is provided with a drainage pipeline 14 (used for drainage).
The section of thick bamboo wall of going up barrel 3 evenly is provided with 2 at least feed pipes that are used for the water injection, and every feed pipe all communicates with last barrel 3 inside. A heating component for heating water and then generating steam water is arranged in the first lower cylinder 20; be provided with steam rising pipeline 25 in going up barrel 3, be provided with the orifice plate 4 that is used for steam-water separation in the steam rising pipeline 25, the size of orifice plate 4 corresponds with steam generator's internal resistance coefficient when using. The lower opening of the steam rising pipe 25 communicates with the first lower cylinder 20. The test simulator also comprises at least 2 condensed water return pipelines which are uniformly arranged along the outer wall of the upper barrel 3; the inlet of the condensed water return pipeline is communicated with the upper barrel body 3, and the outlet of the condensed water return pipeline is communicated with the second lower barrel body 13.
The working mode of the test simulator is as follows: when the steam-water separation device is used, water is injected through the water supply pipeline and flows to the heating assembly through the condensed water backflow pipeline to be heated to form a steam-water mixture, the steam-water mixture is subjected to steam-water separation through the steam ascending channel and the pore plate 4 in the steam ascending channel, steam is discharged through the steam outlet pipeline 1, and condensed water flows back through the condensed water backflow pipeline to be reheated. Therefore, the invention can simulate the relevant functions of the vertical natural circulation steam generator, and further accurately simulate the relevant characteristics of the vertical natural circulation steam generator; meanwhile, the test simulator is manufactured and assembled in a segmented mode, 2 condensed water return pipelines are used for replacing an annular descending channel of the vertical natural circulation steam generator, and the test simulator is designed in such a mode that the volume and the weight are small, processing and manufacturing are simple, and the test simulator can be matched with the swing table in a compact size and good in limited bearing capacity.
Preferably, referring to fig. 2, the test simulator further comprises a water supply ring 24, wherein the number of water supply pipes is 2: a first water supply pipe 6 and a second water supply pipe 23, the inlet of each water supply pipe is communicated with a water supply ring 24, and a plurality of water supply outlets 5 (8 in the embodiment) are arranged on the ring wall of the water supply ring 24 at equal intervals. The design can lead the water injected by the water supply pipe to uniformly flow back through the water supply outlet 5, thereby improving the subsequent heating efficiency.
Preferably, the condensate return line comprises a condensate outlet pipeline, a descending pipeline and a condensate inlet pipeline which are sequentially connected through flanges, the input end of the condensate outlet pipeline is communicated with the upper barrel body 3, and the output end of the condensate inlet pipeline is communicated with the second lower barrel body 13. Specifically, referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, the 2 condensed water return pipes are respectively: the first condensate return pipeline comprises a first condensate outlet pipeline 8, a first descending pipeline 10 and a first condensate inlet pipeline 12, and the second condensate return pipeline comprises a second condensate outlet pipeline 22, a second descending pipeline 21 and a second condensate inlet pipeline 18.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the heating assembly includes a U-shaped electric heater 11 fixed to an inner bottom of the lower head 16 through a heater sleeve 15, and as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, a first support plate 9, a second support plate 19 and a flow distribution plate 17 are sequentially disposed on the U-shaped electric heater 11 from top to bottom.
On the basis, referring to fig. 1 and 3, the U-shaped electric heater 11 in the present embodiment includes six groups of heating rods arranged in the same manner as the vertical natural circulation steam generator, and in order to enhance the fixing property and improve the flow distribution effect, the first support plate 9, the second support plate 19 and the flow distribution plate 17 are equidistantly disposed, and the vertical distance between the flow distribution plate 17 and the lower head 16 is about 120 mm. Thermocouples are uniformly arranged on the surface of the U-shaped electric heater 11 to measure the wall surface temperature of the heating pipe, a cable and a thermocouple wire are led out from the heater sleeve 15, and a thermocouple wire leading-out pipeline is arranged on the wall of the first lower barrel body 20. 4 pull rods are vertically fixed on the lower end socket 16, and each pull rod penetrates through the first support plate 9, the second support plate 19 and the flow distribution plate 17, so that the first support plate 9, the second support plate 19 and the flow distribution plate 17 are fixed.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the lower part of the steam ascending channel is in a trapezoidal structure with a small upper part and a large lower part, so that the resistance of the steam-water mixture entering the steam ascending channel is reduced; referring to fig. 1 and 6, the outer wall of the steam rising pipe 25 is further provided with a rising pipe support plate 26 fixed to the inner wall of the upper barrel 3, and for convenience of fixing and supporting, the rising pipe support plate 26 is located about 50mm below the outlet of the steam rising pipe 25.
Preferably, referring to fig. 1, the lower head 16 and the second lower cylinder 13, the second lower cylinder 13 and the first lower cylinder 20, and the first lower cylinder 20 and the upper cylinder 3 are all connected by flanges.
Preferably, the upper cylinder 3 and the first lower cylinder 20 are respectively provided with a liquid level measuring pipeline, and the upper seal head 2 is provided with a pressure measuring pipeline.
On the basis of explaining the specific structure of the test simulation body, the working mode of the test simulation body when the test simulation body performs the secondary side passive residual heat removal system test under the typical ocean condition is specifically explained:
s1: firstly, selecting a corresponding pore plate 4 according to the calculated internal resistance coefficient of the steam generator, and selecting a three-leaf or four-leaf plum blossom pore support plate according to the actual steam generator model. The lower end enclosure 16 and the swing platform are connected through bolts and studs, and the test simulator is fixed on the swing platform; injecting water to the test simulator to a preset liquid level through a second water supply pipe 23; the safety valve is connected with the safety valve through the safety valve interface pipeline to ensure the safety of the test, the steam outlet pipeline 1 is connected with the inlet of the passive waste heat discharging heat exchanger, and the first water supply pipe 6 is connected with the outlet of the passive waste heat discharging heat exchanger.
S2: starting the electric heater to heat the deionized water in the steam generator, and generating steam on the surface of the electric heater when the internal deionized water reaches the saturation temperature; the generated steam-water mixture firstly enters the upper part of the first lower barrel body 20, and part of saturated water is separated under the action of gravity; the rest steam-water mixture enters the steam ascending channel, the speed of the steam-water mixture is increased, the steam-water mixture directly impacts the pore plate 4, and large liquid drops in the steam-water mixture are separated.
S3: the steam-water mixture separated by the orifice plate 4 only carries a small amount of small droplets, the small droplets enter the upper cylinder body 3 after passing through the steam ascending channel, the steam flow rate is rapidly reduced, the small droplets in the steam-water mixture are separated out under the action of gravity, and high-quality steam enters the passive waste heat discharge heat exchanger through the steam outlet pipeline 1; condensed water flows into the water supply ring 24 through the first water supply pipe 6 and then reenters the test simulator; condensed water enters the lower part of the upper cylinder body 3 and enters the lower part of the first lower cylinder body 20 through a condensed water outlet pipeline, a descending pipeline and a condensed water inlet pipeline; after being equalized by the flow distribution plate 17, the electric heater heats the liquid again.
The above embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the embodiments of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should be covered by the scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A combined vertical natural circulation steam generator test simulator comprises a lower end enclosure (16) fixed with a swing table, wherein a second lower cylinder (13) and a first lower cylinder (20) which is nested on the inner wall of the lower end enclosure (16) and communicated with the lower end enclosure are sequentially fixed on the upper part of the lower end enclosure (16) from bottom to top; an upper cylinder (3) is fixed on the upper part of the first lower cylinder (20), and the upper cylinder (3) is sealed with the first lower cylinder (20); go up the upper portion intercommunication of barrel (3) and be provided with upper cover (2), its characterized in that: the wall of the upper barrel (3) is uniformly provided with at least 2 water supply pipes for water injection, and the first lower barrel (20) is internally provided with a heating component for heating water and generating steam water; a steam ascending pipeline (25) is arranged in the upper cylinder body (3), and a pore plate (4) for steam-water separation is arranged in the steam ascending pipeline (25); the lower opening of the steam ascending pipeline (25) is communicated with the first lower cylinder (20); the test simulator also comprises at least 2 condensed water return pipelines which are uniformly arranged along the outer wall of the upper cylinder (3); the inlet of the condensed water return pipeline is communicated with the upper cylinder (3), and the outlet of the condensed water return pipeline is communicated with the second lower cylinder (13).
2. The modular vertical natural circulation steam generator test simulator of claim 1, wherein: the test simulator also comprises a water supply ring (24), wherein the number of the water supply pipes is 2: the water supply device comprises a first water supply pipe (6) and a second water supply pipe (23), wherein the inlet of each water supply pipe is communicated with a water supply ring (24), and a plurality of water supply outlets (5) are arranged on the ring wall of the water supply ring (24) at equal intervals.
3. The modular vertical natural circulation steam generator test simulator of claim 1, wherein: the condensed water backflow pipeline comprises a condensed water outlet pipeline, a descending pipeline and a condensed water inlet pipeline which are sequentially connected through flanges, the input end of the condensed water outlet pipeline is communicated with the upper barrel (3), and the output end of the condensed water inlet pipeline is communicated with the lower second barrel (13).
4. The modular vertical natural circulation steam generator test simulator of claim 1, wherein: the heating assembly comprises a U-shaped electric heater (11) fixed on the inner bottom of the lower end enclosure (16) through a heater sleeve (15), and a first supporting plate (9), a second supporting plate (19) and a flow distribution plate (17) are sequentially arranged on the U-shaped electric heater (11) from top to bottom.
5. The modular vertical natural circulation steam generator test simulator of claim 4, wherein: the U-shaped electric heater (11) comprises six groups of heating rods, the arrangement mode of the heating rods is the same as that of a vertical natural circulation steam generator, the first supporting plate (9), the second supporting plate (19) and the flow distribution plate (17) are arranged at equal intervals, and the vertical distance between the flow distribution plate (17) and the lower end socket (16) is 120 mm.
6. The modular vertical natural circulation steam generator test simulator of claim 4, wherein: thermocouples are uniformly arranged on the surface of the U-shaped electric heater (11), cables and thermocouple wires are led out from the heater sleeve (15), and a thermocouple wire leading-out pipeline is arranged on the wall of the first lower barrel (20).
7. The modular vertical natural circulation steam generator test simulator of claim 4, wherein: still vertically be fixed with 4 pull rods on low head (16), every pull rod all runs through first backup pad (9), second backup pad (19) and flow distribution board (17).
8. The modular vertical natural circulation steam generator test simulator of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the lower part of the steam ascending channel is of a trapezoidal structure with a small upper part and a large lower part, and an ascending pipeline supporting plate (26) fixed with the inner wall of the upper barrel body (3) is further arranged on the outer wall of the steam ascending pipeline (25).
9. The modular vertical natural circulation steam generator test simulator of claim 8, wherein: the ascending pipe support plate (26) is located 50mm below the outlet of the steam ascending pipe (25).
10. The modular vertical natural circulation steam generator test simulator of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the outer wall of the upper end enclosure (2) is provided with a steam outlet pipeline (1) and a safety valve pipeline (27) which are communicated with the interior of the upper end enclosure (2), and the bottom of the lower end enclosure (16) is provided with a drainage pipeline (14); the lower end enclosure (16) and the second lower cylinder body (13), the second lower cylinder body (13) and the first lower cylinder body (20), and the first lower cylinder body (20) and the upper cylinder body (3) are all connected by flanges.
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