CN114333210A - Networking type combined electrical fire detector - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a networking type combined electrical fire detector which comprises an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) main control circuit, a power supply system, a power failure detection circuit, a line temperature/residual current/line current detection circuit, a network communication circuit, a man-machine interaction circuit, a FLASH circuit, a debugging interface, a 485 circuit and an electric energy metering circuit, wherein the power supply system, the line temperature/residual current/line current detection circuit, the network communication circuit, the man-machine interaction circuit, the FLASH circuit, the debugging interface, the 485 circuit and the electric energy metering circuit are respectively in signal isolation connection with the MCU main control circuit, the power supply system is also respectively in direct electrical connection with the power failure detection circuit and the electric energy metering circuit, the real-time monitoring and data analysis can be carried out on the residual current, the line current and the line temperature in an electrical line, the man-machine interaction field monitoring function, the fault alarming function and the electrical fire early warning function are realized, and the overhaul is convenient.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of fire detectors, in particular to the technical field of a networking type combined electrical fire detector.
[ background of the invention ]
An electrical fire generally refers to a fire caused by the ignition of a body or other combustible materials under combustion conditions, such as thermal energy released by a fault or thermal energy released by a fault in an electrical line, an electrical device, an appliance or a power supply and distribution device, and also includes a fire caused by lightning and static electricity. With the rapid development of social economy and technology, the amount and frequency of use of electrical equipment in residential areas, shopping malls, schools, and other areas have rapidly increased, and the occurrence rate of electrical fires caused by high temperature, aging, overload, or electrical leakage has also rapidly increased.
In order to monitor relevant parameters of an electric circuit in real time and carry out early warning on the occurrence of an electric fire, an electric fire detector is developed at the right moment. However, most electrical fire detectors currently on the market generally suffer from the following drawbacks: 1. only one parameter can be monitored, and multiple data can be monitored by matching a plurality of detectors; 2. networking is performed in a wired mode, so that the construction difficulty and cost are greatly improved; 3. the function of human-computer interaction is lacked, so that the field monitoring is not facilitated; 4. the debugging interface is arranged in the equipment and is only used in the development stage, and after the formal investment, if the equipment has problems in the operation period, the problems are difficult to locate.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a networking type combined electrical fire detector which can monitor residual current, line current and line temperature in an electrical line in real time and analyze data, has a man-machine interaction field monitoring function, a fault alarming function and an electrical fire early warning function, and is convenient to overhaul.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a networking type combined electrical fire detector which comprises an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) main control circuit, a power supply system, a power failure detection circuit, a line temperature/residual current/line current detection circuit, a network communication circuit, a man-machine interaction circuit, a FLASH circuit, a debugging interface, a 485 circuit and an electric energy metering circuit, wherein the power supply system, the line temperature/residual current/line current detection circuit, the network communication circuit, the man-machine interaction circuit, the FLASH circuit and the debugging interface are respectively and directly and electrically connected with the MCU main control circuit, and the power supply system is also directly and electrically connected with the power failure detection circuit and the electric energy metering circuit.
Preferably, the power supply system supplies power to the power failure detection circuit, the MCU master control circuit, the line temperature/residual current/line current detection circuit, the network communication circuit, the man-machine interaction circuit, the FLASH circuit, the 485 circuit, the electric energy metering circuit and the debugging interface respectively.
Preferably, the power failure detection circuit converts 220V input voltage into digital level through optical coupling isolation and is connected with an IO port of the MCU main control circuit, and the MCU main control circuit judges whether the power supply system has power failure through the level state of the IO port connected with the power failure detection circuit.
Preferably, the MCU main control circuit is connected with the line temperature/residual current/line current detection circuit through an internal ADC port, and the line temperature/residual current/line current detection circuit can be polled and read and perform data analysis by the ADC port of the MCU main control circuit after being configured by the human-computer interaction circuit, so that whether a fault exists in an electric line or not can be judged.
Preferably, the MCU main control circuit is connected with the network communication circuit through an internal UART port, the network communication circuit firstly forwards the running data reported by the MCU main control circuit to the remote server and then forwards the control command issued by the remote server back to the MCU main control circuit so as to realize the remote monitoring function, the MCU main control circuit identifies the type of the inserted network module through a program, registers different driving interfaces according to the types of different network modules and provides the same API port on an application layer so as to realize the self-identification of the network communication technology.
Preferably, the man-machine interaction circuit comprises an LCD display screen, a key, an LED indicator light and a buzzer, the MCU main control circuit is connected with the LCD display screen through an internal SPI, and the key, the LED indicator light and the buzzer are respectively connected with an IO port of the MCU main control circuit.
Preferably, the MCU main control circuit is connected with the FLASH circuit through an internal SPI port and utilizes the FLASH circuit to avoid the problem of data loss caused by power failure.
Preferably, the MCU main control circuit is connected with a first isolation circuit through an internal UART port, the MCU main control circuit is electrically connected with the 485 circuit through the first isolation circuit and realizes digital quantity/signal quantity isolation, the 485 circuit can be externally connected with a functional module to expand the function of the detector, and the 485 circuit completes communication through an MODBUS protocol.
Preferably, the MCU main control circuit is connected with the second isolation circuit through the internal SPI, the MCU main control circuit is electrically connected with the electric energy metering circuit through the second isolation circuit and realizes analog quantity/digital quantity isolation, and the electric energy metering circuit converts the voltage and the current input by the main circuit into electric energy metering related parameters so as to facilitate statistics of the electricity utilization condition of a user and voltage open-phase analysis.
Preferably, the MCU main control circuit is connected with a debugging interface through an internal UART port, the debugging interface is in a USB port shape, the internal electrical characteristic is the UART port characteristic, and the debugging interface can be externally connected with a wireless debugger and transmits data generated by the MCU main control circuit in the running process to a remote server so as to quickly locate the problem.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention carries out combined monitoring on the line temperature, the residual current and the line current by the line temperature/residual current/line current detection circuit, thereby being capable of measuring the electric energy metering parameters of the whole line and helping a user to know the electricity utilization condition; the remote monitoring is realized by reporting to a remote server through a network communication circuit, and the difficulty and the cost of site construction are reduced; man-machine interaction is realized through a man-machine interaction circuit, and a user is helped to monitor the electric condition of the line on site; through the hardware compatibility of the monitoring circuit, the 8-path channels can be freely configured by a user through keys; through network communication circuit self-identification, a user can freely select a wireless communication mode, and the wireless technology can remotely and centrally monitor and manage all electric lines and effectively prevent the occurrence of electric fire by utilizing big data analysis; other monitoring functions are expanded through the 485 circuit, so that the configuration flexibility of the whole detector is greatly improved; the network debugger is quickly accessed through the plug-in debugging interface, so that the product can quickly locate the problem and debug the problem when the problem occurs in the operation process, and the method has better application value.
The features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail by embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the hardware architecture of a networked modular electrical fire detector of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a line temperature/line current/residual current collecting channel of a networking type combined electrical fire detector according to the present invention.
In the figure: the power supply debugging circuit comprises a power supply system, a 2-power failure detection circuit, a 3-MCU main control circuit, a 4-line temperature/residual current/line current detection circuit, a 5-network communication circuit, a 6-man-machine interaction circuit, a 7-FLASH circuit, an 8-485 circuit, a 9-electric energy metering circuit and a 10-debugging interface.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
Referring to fig. 1, the invention relates to a networking combined type electrical fire detector, which comprises an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) main control circuit 3, a power supply system 1, a power failure detection circuit 2, a line temperature/residual current/line current detection circuit 4, a network communication circuit 5, a man-machine interaction circuit 6, a FLASH circuit 7, a debugging interface 10, a 485 circuit 8 and an electric energy metering circuit 9, wherein the power supply system 1 is directly and electrically connected with the MCU main control circuit 3, and the 485 circuit 8 and the electric energy metering circuit 9 are respectively in signal isolation connection with the MCU main control circuit 3. Wherein, the MCU master control circuit 3 is an STM32F103 microcontroller.
The power supply system 1 is respectively used for supplying power to the power failure detection circuit 2, the MCU master control circuit 3, the line temperature/residual current/line current detection circuit 4, the network communication circuit 5, the human-computer interaction circuit 6, the FLASH circuit 7, the 485 circuit 8, the electric energy metering circuit 9 and the debugging interface 10. The power supply system can convert 220V input voltage into available voltage (5V, 4.4V or 3.3V) of other modules and electric energy to measure voltage and current to be measured.
The power failure detection circuit 2 converts 220V input voltage into digital level through optical coupling isolation and is connected with an IO port of the MCU main control circuit 3, and the MCU main control circuit 3 judges whether the power supply system 1 is powered down or not through the level state of the IO port connected with the power failure detection circuit 2.
The MCU main control circuit 3 is connected with the line temperature/residual current/line current detection circuit 4 through an internal ADC port, and the line temperature/residual current/line current detection circuit 4 can be polled and read by the ADC port of the MCU main control circuit 3 and perform data analysis after being configured by the man-machine interaction circuit 6, so that whether a fault exists in an electric line or not can be judged.
The MCU main control circuit 3 is connected with the network communication circuit 5 through an internal UART port, the network communication circuit 5 firstly forwards the running data (such as line temperature, line current, residual current or electric energy and the like) reported by the MCU main control circuit 3 to the remote server and then forwards the control command issued by the remote server back to the MCU main control circuit 3, thereby realizing the remote monitoring function, not only reducing the site construction cost and the complex program, but also helping the MCU main control circuit 3 to finish remote upgrading. The MCU main control circuit 3 identifies the type of the inserted network module through a program, registers different driving interfaces according to the types of different network modules and provides the same API port on an application layer, thereby realizing the self-identification of the network communication technology. Specifically, the network communication circuit 5 supports a communication mode of WIFI, 4G or NB to report data, the MCU main control circuit 3 completes identification through a specific AT command, and registers a driver corresponding to the MCU main control circuit 3 to a unified upper-layer network communication API, thereby achieving the purpose of network communication technology self-identification.
The man-machine interaction circuit 6 comprises an LCD display screen, a key, an LED indicator light and a buzzer. MCU main control circuit 3 passes through inside SPI mouth and connects the LCD display screen, button, LED pilot lamp and bee calling organ connect MCU main control circuit 3's IO mouth respectively. The keys can be configured with 8 lines of temperature/residual current/line current detection circuits 4 for detecting detection items of channels. Thereafter, the MCU main control circuit 3 can collect the data of the configured temperature/residual current/line current detection circuits 4 of each line in real time and display the data through an LCD display screen, and then judge whether the data are abnormal or not by utilizing a fault/alarm identification program. When data abnormal conditions occur, the LED indicating lamp and the buzzer respectively indicate and alarm through light and sound.
The MCU main control circuit 3 is connected with the FLASH circuit 7 through an internal SPI port and utilizes the FLASH circuit 7 to avoid the problem of data loss caused by power failure. The FLASH circuit 7 stores therein an upgrade program of the MCU main control circuit 3 and some important information of the MCU main control circuit 3 during operation, such as alarm/fault related configuration information, device identity information, and network communication related information. In addition, the FLASH circuit 7 also stores the required font data of the LCD display screen.
MCU main control circuit 3 connects first isolating circuit through inside UART mouth, MCU main control circuit 3 is connected and is realized digital quantity/semaphore isolation through first isolating circuit and with 485 circuit 8 electricity, 485 circuit 8 can external functional module improve the product flexibility with the function of extension detector, 485 circuit 8 passes through MODBUS agreement and accomplishes the communication.
MCU main control circuit 3 is through inside SPI mouth connection second isolating circuit, MCU main control circuit 3 is through second isolating circuit and is connected and realize analog quantity/digital quantity isolation with electric energy measurement circuit 9 electricity, electric energy measurement circuit 9 converts the voltage and the electric current of main line input into electric energy measurement relevant parameter (like electric current virtual value, voltage virtual value, active power or electric energy etc.), MCU main control circuit 3 has set up the inside HT7036 of electric energy measurement circuit 9 and can read the data that electric energy measurement circuit 9 calculated through the SPI mouth in real time to be convenient for statistics user's power consumption condition and carry out the voltage and lack the looks analysis.
The MCU main control circuit 3 is connected with the debugging interface 10 through an internal UART port, the appearance of the debugging interface 10 is a USB port shape, the internal electrical characteristic is the UART port characteristic, the debugging interface 10 can be externally connected with a wireless debugger, and data generated in the running process of the MCU main control circuit 3 is transmitted to a far-end server, so that the problem is quickly positioned. The debugging interface 10 is substantially a USB female socket terminal, but its internal circuit uses a UART circuit, so that the wireless debugger can be plugged and unplugged conveniently, and the trouble caused by wiring is avoided. And the wireless debugger can report the detector printing data to a remote server through WIFI, so that remote debugging is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 2, the line temperature/line current/residual current sensor is connected to the acquisition circuit through SIG2, and forms a current signal acquisition circuit together with the resistor R36, the triode Q2, the resistor R43 and the resistor R20. The IO port of the MCU main control circuit 3 is connected with the LOAD2, and the level state of the LOAD2 is controlled to control whether to access the current sensor. SIG2 connects R22 and C12 to through the IO mouth of V TEMP connection MCU master control circuit 3, constitute temperature signal acquisition circuit, and MCU master control circuit 3 is through the level state of control V TEMP in order to control whether to insert the line temperature sensor. The resistor R26, the operational amplifier U11D, the resistor R34, the resistor R28 and the capacitor C14 jointly form a shared amplifier to amplify the voltage signal of the line temperature/line current/residual current sensor, and are connected to AN ADC pin AN2 of the MCU main control circuit 3 to realize the voltage input of the sensor. The resistor R30, the triode Q11, the resistor R41 and the resistor R40 jointly form a line Current operational amplification control circuit, and are connected to an IO port Current2_1 of the MCU master control circuit 3. The MCU main control circuit 3 controls whether the current operational amplification control circuit is connected or not by controlling the level state of the IO port. The resistor R1A, the triode Q19, the resistor R2A and the resistor R3A jointly form a residual Current operational amplifier multiple control circuit, and are connected to an IO port Current2_2 of the MCU master control circuit 3. And the MCU main control circuit 3 controls whether the residual current operational amplification control circuit is connected or not by controlling the level state of the IO port.
In addition, the working principle of the parts is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, collecting voltage, current, temperature and residual current and triggering an alarm principle:
after the initialization delay of 1000ms is waited, when a user presses a key, the MCU main control circuit 3 receives a feedback signal and judges whether the result is a result of data acquisition, and if the result is the result, the MCU main control circuit starts to acquire channel information. Since the acquisition of channel information requires alternate acquisition, the voltage, current, temperature and residual current are in different channels. The data acquisition is carried out for multiple times, the acquired data are stored in different variables, and 50ms of delay is needed after each channel is acquired. Under the condition of alternate collection, the bus needs to be released every time data is collected, whether the bus is occupied or not is detected, and a current sensor is detected.
After the collected data are judged and processed, the current is detected to be in a low limit and a high limit, the temperature of the equipment is too high, the equipment is over-current and over-limit, and when the power supply is interrupted or the electricity is leaked, the alarm can be triggered to remind a user of the existence of risks.
Secondly, electric energy metering data acquisition and calculation principle:
before data acquisition, the acquisition value of electric energy measurement needs to be calibrated to achieve the purpose of convenient observation. And reading the collected data of the peripheral electric energy metering through the SPI communication interface.
The HT7036 valid value register is given in complement form, the most significant bit is the sign bit, the valid value is always greater than or equal to 0, so the sign bit of the valid value is always 0.
Split-phase Vrms: 24 bits of data, complement form.
Actual effective value of split-phase voltage: urms is Vrms/2^ 13;
actual effective value of split-phase current: irms is (Vrms/2^ 13)/N;
the scaling factor N defines: when the chip-side sampling voltage of the rated current Ib is input to be 50mV, the corresponding effective value register value of the current is Vrms, Vrms/2^13 is equal to 60, and N is 60/Ib, Ib is 1.5A, N is 60/1.5, 40, Ib is 6A, and N is 60/6 is 10. Similarly, when the input to the chip side sampling voltage is 25mV, Vrms/2^13 is equal to about 30, Ib is 1.5A, N is 30/1.5 is 20, Ib is 6A, and N is 30/6 is 5. The value of N may be calculated from the actual value of the present Ib current.
Synthetic phase Vrms: 24 bits of data, complement form.
The effective value of the actual phase-combining voltage is as follows: urms is Vrms/2^ 12;
the effective value of the actual resultant current is as follows: irms is (Vrms/2^ 12)/N;
n is a proportionality coefficient, and the calculation method is the same as above. In volts (V) or amperes (a).
And thirdly, 8-channel self-adaptive function realization and control principle:
the 8-channel adaptation is used for judging the sensor according to the voltage output by each channel after the sensor is connected. Because each voltage, temperature-sensing or current sensor has different internal resistance, different voltages can be output through the operational amplifier on hardware, and the model of the sensor can be distinguished after reading and judging through the MCU main control circuit 3.
The above embodiments are illustrative of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any simple modifications of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A networking type combination formula electrical fire detector which characterized in that: the intelligent power supply system comprises an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) main control circuit (3), a power supply system (1) respectively and directly and electrically connected with the MCU main control circuit (3), a power failure detection circuit (2), a line temperature/residual current/line current detection circuit (4), a network communication circuit (5), a man-machine interaction circuit (6), a FLASH circuit (7) and a debugging interface (10), as well as a 485 circuit (8) and an electric energy metering circuit (9) which are respectively and electrically connected with the MCU main control circuit (3) in a signal isolation manner, wherein the power supply system (1) is also respectively and directly and electrically connected with the power failure detection circuit (2) and the electric energy metering circuit (9).
2. A networked combination electrical fire detector according to claim 1, wherein: the power supply system (1) is respectively used for supplying power to the power failure detection circuit (2), the MCU master control circuit (3), the line temperature/residual current/line current detection circuit (4), the network communication circuit (5), the man-machine interaction circuit (6), the FLASH circuit (7), the 485 circuit (8), the electric energy metering circuit (9) and the debugging interface (10).
3. A networked combination electrical fire detector according to claim 1, wherein: the power failure detection circuit (2) converts 220V input voltage into digital level through optical coupling isolation and is connected with an IO port of the MCU main control circuit (3), and the MCU main control circuit (3) judges whether the power supply system (1) is powered down or not through the level state of the IO port connected with the power failure detection circuit (2).
4. A networked combination electrical fire detector according to claim 1, wherein: the MCU main control circuit (3) is connected with the line temperature/residual current/line current detection circuit (4) through an internal ADC port, and the line temperature/residual current/line current detection circuit (4) can be polled and read and perform data analysis by the ADC port of the MCU main control circuit (3) after being configured by the man-machine interaction circuit (6), so that whether the electric line has faults or not can be judged.
5. A networked combination electrical fire detector according to claim 1, wherein: the MCU main control circuit (3) is connected with a network communication circuit (5) through an internal UART port, the network communication circuit (5) firstly forwards the running data reported by the MCU main control circuit (3) to a far-end server and then forwards a control command issued by the far-end server back to the MCU main control circuit (3) so as to realize a remote monitoring function, the MCU main control circuit (3) identifies the type of the inserted network module through a program, registers different driving interfaces according to the types of different network modules and provides the same API port on an application layer so as to realize the self-identification of the network communication technology.
6. A networked combination electrical fire detector according to claim 1, wherein: the man-machine interaction circuit (6) comprises an LCD display screen, a key, an LED indicator light and a buzzer, the MCU main control circuit (3) is connected with the LCD display screen through an internal SPI, and the key, the LED indicator light and the buzzer are respectively connected with an IO port of the MCU main control circuit (3).
7. A networked combination electrical fire detector according to claim 1, wherein: the MCU main control circuit (3) is connected with the FLASH circuit (7) through an internal SPI port and avoids the problem of data loss caused by power failure by utilizing the FLASH circuit (7).
8. A networked combination electrical fire detector according to claim 1, wherein: MCU main control circuit (3) are through inside UART mouth connection first isolating circuit, MCU main control circuit (3) are connected and are realized digital quantity/semaphore isolation through first isolating circuit and with 485 circuit (8) electricity, 485 circuit (8) can external functional module with the function of extension detector, 485 circuit (8) accomplish the communication through the MODBUS agreement.
9. A networked combination electrical fire detector according to claim 1, wherein: MCU master control circuit (3) are connected the second isolating circuit through inside SPI mouth, MCU master control circuit (3) are connected and are realized analog quantity/digital quantity isolation through second isolating circuit and with electric energy measurement circuit (9) electricity, thereby electric energy measurement circuit (9) convert the voltage and the electric current of main line input into the electric energy measurement relevant parameter and be convenient for statistics user's power consumption condition and carry out the voltage and lack the looks analysis.
10. A networked combination electrical fire detector according to claim 1, wherein: the MCU main control circuit (3) is connected with a debugging interface (10) through an internal UART port, the appearance of the debugging interface (10) is a USB port shape, the internal electrical characteristic is the UART port characteristic, the debugging interface (10) can be externally connected with a wireless debugger and transmits data generated by the MCU main control circuit (3) in the operation process to a far-end server, so that the problem is quickly positioned.
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| WO2016115848A1 (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2016-07-28 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Electric energy metering terminal and electrical fire monitoring method |
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| CN109461278A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-03-12 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Intelligent electric fire monitoring system based on Internet of Things |
| CN213780709U (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-07-23 | 北京胜顶智控科技有限公司 | Electric safety and electric energy quality monitoring device |
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- 2021-11-19 CN CN202111375886.4A patent/CN114333210A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104617662A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-05-13 | 青岛东软载波科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent leakage protector with wireless communication and metering functions and control process of intelligent leakage protector |
| WO2016115848A1 (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2016-07-28 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Electric energy metering terminal and electrical fire monitoring method |
| CN107564231A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-01-09 | 山东建筑大学 | Building fire early warning and fire disaster situation assessment system and method based on Internet of Things |
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Inventor after: Zhang Qilang Inventor after: Zhang Ziling Inventor after: Zhang Kejie Inventor after: Yu Fubin Inventor after: Lv Yejin Inventor before: Zhang Qilang Inventor before: Zhang Ziling Inventor before: Zhang Kejie Inventor before: Yu Fubin Inventor before: Lv Yejin |