CN114325842A - Base type electromagnetic detection system - Google Patents
Base type electromagnetic detection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114325842A CN114325842A CN202111412922.XA CN202111412922A CN114325842A CN 114325842 A CN114325842 A CN 114325842A CN 202111412922 A CN202111412922 A CN 202111412922A CN 114325842 A CN114325842 A CN 114325842A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean exploration, and particularly relates to an underwater electromagnetic detection system. A pedestal-based electromagnetic detection system, comprising: the device comprises a base aircraft, an electrode cable, a damping umbrella and a mooring floating ball; the base aircraft is used for towing the electrode cable; the damping umbrella and the mooring floating ball are arranged at the tail end of the electrode cable. The invention adopts the modes of front end base bottom navigation body traction, rear end damping umbrella and mooring floating ball resistance increasing to the electrode cable, so that the electrode cable is always kept in a relatively straight state after entering water, and the damping umbrella is used for increasing the tension of the tail end of the electrode cable under the action of water flow to ensure that the electrode cable is in a straight state. The mooring floating ball can reduce the descending speed of the tail end of the electrode cable in a shallow water area, so that the electrode cable is gradually straightened and is crushed in a deep water area, the tail end of the electrode cable is gradually seated under the resistance of the damping umbrella and the self-weight of the damping umbrella, and finally the electrode cable is in a relatively straight state, so that the phenomena of winding, pressing and the like of the electrode cable are avoided, and the electromagnetic detection effect is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean exploration, and particularly relates to an underwater electromagnetic detection system.
Background
In order to maintain the national ocean rights and interests and ensure the national ocean benefits and ocean safety, a great amount of manpower and material resources are invested in all countries in the world to research and develop high-performance underwater detection systems for marine geological exploration, military reconnaissance or underwater dangerous targets and the like.
An underwater electromagnetic detection system detects underwater targets by means of electrode cables, and belongs to a new underwater detection method. The laying attitude of the electrode cable on the seabed directly influences the detection precision of the underwater target. In view of the complex marine environment and the large operation depth, how to ensure that the electrode cable keeps a relatively straight state after the base, and the phenomenon of no winding, knotting or pressing cover and the like is a difficult problem in front of people. In order to ensure the accuracy of underwater electromagnetic detection, it is necessary to design a pedestal-type electromagnetic detection system and study its deployment method.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, a pedestal-based electromagnetic detection system is provided.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a pedestal-based electromagnetic detection system, comprising: the device comprises a base aircraft, an electrode cable, a damping umbrella and a mooring floating ball.
The base aircraft is used for towing the electrode cable; in order to ensure that the electrode cable achieves the required effect after entering water, the base navigation body meets the requirements of stable posture, collision prevention and the like.
The damping umbrella is arranged at the tail end of the electrode cable, and after the electrode cable enters water, the damping umbrella applies traction force to the tail end of the electrode cable to keep the electrode cable in a straight state.
The mooring floating ball is arranged at the tail end of the electrode cable and is a nonmetal floating ball with lower compressive strength, when the electrode cable is in a shallow water area, the mooring floating ball exerts pulling force on the tail end of the electrode cable, after the electrode cable enters a deep water area, the mooring floating ball is crushed by water pressure, the buoyancy of the tail end of the electrode cable is reduced, and the detecting system integrally moves downwards in the water until the bottom of the electrode cable is seated.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the base aircraft is used for towing the head end of the electrode cable and keeping the posture stable to tow the electrode cable to slide towards a deep water area. The damping umbrella is an umbrella-shaped structure, the bottom of the damping umbrella is closed, when the damping umbrella works, the movement direction of the umbrella bottom is opposite to that of water flow, so that the damping umbrella plays a role in blocking the water flow, and resistance is increased according to square times along with the flow velocity, so that a force opposite to the movement direction of the detection system is applied to the tail part of the electrode cable to straighten the electrode cable. The mooring floating ball is made of non-metal material, the buoyancy of the mooring floating ball is larger than the gravity of the tail end of the electrode cable and the gravity of the damping umbrella, so that the tail end is in a micro positive buoyancy state, the descending speed of the tail end of the electrode cable can be reduced, and the electrode cable can be straightened more easily. The pressure resistance of the mooring floating ball is designed to be weaker, so that the mooring floating ball has buoyancy in a shallow water area to help the electrode cable to be straightened, and can be crushed by water pressure in a deep water area to lose buoyancy, so that the electrode cable is pulled by a towing and damping umbrella of an aircraft at the bottom of the seat to be laid on the seabed in a flat mode.
On the basis of the scheme, the base aircraft is further provided with a flow guide shell which is a streamline non-sealing structure, so that resistance of the aircraft body during underwater sliding can be reduced, and internal equipment can be protected; the anti-collision base is arranged at the bottom of the flow guide shell, so that the navigation body can be reliably protected when being seated at the bottom in any posture; the horizontal wings are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the flow guide shell, so that the navigation body can keep stable posture when sliding, the electrode cable cannot be wound or knotted due to the phenomenon of overturning and the like, and the navigation body can be seated at a relatively horizontal posture, and the phenomena of overturning and the like of the navigation body due to too large angle of the seat bottom can be prevented; the flow guide shell is provided with a release buoy group which is used for releasing the communication buoy to communicate with the mother ship; the tail part of the diversion shell is provided with a cable joint which is used for connecting a rear-end electrode cable; the inside of the diversion shell is provided with a power supply and an instrument cabin which are of high-pressure watertight structures and used for supplying power to the electrode cable and controlling related equipment.
Furthermore, the anti-collision base in the scheme is of a frame structure consisting of a plurality of sections of metal rigid parts; the metal rigid parts are connected through springs. The anti-collision base is changed into a semi-rigid structure from full rigidity, so that the strength is ensured, the requirement of shock absorption and impact resistance is met, and the impact strength between the navigation body and the seabed can be reduced when the navigation body is at the bottom of the base.
Furthermore, the cable joint in the above scheme is a slip ring structure, and after the electrode cable is connected to the cable joint, the electrode cable can rotate relative to the aircraft under the seat, so that the damage of the joint due to too large twisting angle of the electrode cable during hoisting or laying is prevented.
Furthermore, N communication buoys are arranged in the release buoy set in the scheme, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and a motor in the release buoy set is controlled to rotate at a certain angle (360 degrees/N) to release the communication buoys.
The laying method comprises the following steps: the main ship is stopped after reaching the specified area according to the specification, and the electrode cable is wound on a towing winch on the main ship in advance. The tail end of the electrode cable is connected with the fishing rope and the indicating floating ball and then thrown into water, the boat on the main ship is released, and the fishing rope is tied to the boat after the indicating floating ball is fished by the boat. And starting a winch on the main ship to slowly release the cable, wherein the cable releasing speed is synchronous with the advancing speed of the small boat, and the tail end of the electrode cable is conveyed to the auxiliary ship by the small boat. The fishing rope and the tail end of the electrode cable are received on the rear deck of the auxiliary ship through a winch on the auxiliary ship, then a cable connected with the releaser and the first sheath is connected to the winch of the auxiliary ship, and finally a damping umbrella and a mooring floating ball are assembled at the tail end of the electrode cable. The electrode cable at the tail end can always keep reverse tension and micro positive buoyancy after the system is laid in water, so that the electrode cable can keep a relatively straight state after sinking into the sea bottom. When the electrode cable is laid, the head end of the electrode cable is connected with the cable joint of the base navigation body. At the moment, after the electrode cable releases the second sheath, the winch stops, and then the cable on the second sheath is fixed at a certain position of a rear deck of the main ship; and continuously releasing the electrode cable until the electrode cable is completely released, and assembling the head end of the electrode cable on a cable joint of the base navigation body.
And (3) directly connecting a releaser connected with a crane of the main ship with the base navigation body through a cable, slowly lifting to stress the base navigation body, and releasing the cable connected with a deck of the main ship at the second sheath on the electrode cable. And then slowly hoisting the base navigation body into water to a certain depth. At the moment, the command post personnel coordinate the rear decks of the main ship and the auxiliary ship to be parallel, coordinate the two ships to run to a distance approximately equal to the length of the electrode cable through the GPS positioning equipment on the two ships, and at the moment, the electrode cable is in a state of being straightened. And the personnel for laying the two ships release the first releaser and the second releaser simultaneously according to the instruction, so that the whole system is released at the same time, and laying is finished.
By the method, the electrode cable can be in a state of being straightened before entering water, and then the whole detection system enters water, so that the electrode cable is ensured to have a better initial state when entering water, the electrode cable is prevented from being wound and rotated due to poor arrangement mode, and the operation and adjustment difficulty is increased.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the invention adopts the modes of front end base bottom navigation body traction, rear end damping umbrella and mooring floating ball resistance increasing to the electrode cable, so that the electrode cable is always kept in a relatively straight state after entering water, and the damping umbrella is used for increasing the tension of the tail end of the electrode cable under the action of water flow to ensure that the electrode cable is in a straight state. The mooring floating ball can reduce the descending speed of the tail end of the electrode cable in a shallow water area, so that the electrode cable is gradually straightened and is crushed in a deep water area, the tail end of the electrode cable is gradually seated under the resistance of the damping umbrella and the self-weight of the damping umbrella, and finally the electrode cable is in a relatively straight state, so that the phenomena of winding, pressing and the like of the electrode cable are avoided, and the electromagnetic detection effect is ensured.
(2) The base aircraft has a streamline structure, so that the resistance in sliding can be reduced, and the horizontal wings on the two sides of the base aircraft can maintain the posture in water and prevent the base aircraft from turning over; the anti-collision base at the bottom can reduce the impact between the navigation body and the seabed when the navigation body is at the bottom, and the safety of the system is protected.
(3) The tail part of the electrode cable is connected with a damping umbrella and a mooring floating ball, and the damping umbrella is used for increasing the tension of the tail end of the electrode cable under the action of water flow so as to enable the electrode cable to be in a straightening state; the mooring floating ball can reduce the descending speed of the tail end of the electrode cable in a shallow water area, so that the electrode cable is gradually straightened and is crushed in a deep water area, the tail end of the electrode cable is gradually seated under the resistance of the damping umbrella and the self-weight of the damping umbrella, and finally the electrode cable is in a relatively straight state.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the composition and seating process of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a structure of a base vehicle according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram I of the deployment process of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view II of the deployment process of the present invention.
Wherein: the method comprises the following steps of 1-a base aircraft, 2-an electrode cable, 3-a damping umbrella, 4-a mooring floating ball, 5-a diversion shell, 6-an anti-collision base, 7-a horizontal wing, 8-a power supply and instrument cabin, 9-a cable connector, 10-a release buoy set, 11-a fishing rope, 12-an indication floating ball, 13-a first releaser, 14-a first sheath, 15-a second sheath and 16-a second releaser.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, a pedestal-based electromagnetic detection system includes: the device comprises a base aircraft 1, an electrode cable 2, a damping umbrella 3 and a mooring floating ball 4.
The base aircraft 1 is used for towing the electrode cable 2; in order to ensure that the electrode cable achieves the required effect after entering water, the base navigation body meets the requirements of stable posture, collision prevention and the like.
The damping umbrella 3 is arranged at the tail end of the electrode cable 2, and after the electrode cable 2 enters water, the damping umbrella 3 applies traction force to the tail end of the electrode cable 2 under the action of water flow, so that the electrode cable 2 is always pulled in the water and keeps a straight state.
Mooring floating ball 4 sets up at the tail end of electrode cable 2, and mooring floating ball 4 is the nonmetal floater that compressive strength is lower, and its effect is: when the water depth is shallow, due to the existence of the mooring floating ball 4, the mooring floating ball 4 applies pulling force to the tail end of the electrode cable 2, so that the front part of the electrode cable 2 is high in speed, the tail part of the electrode cable 2 is low in speed, and the electrode cable 2 is straightened; and then the mooring floating ball 4 and the damping umbrella 3 enter a deep water area under the towing of the bottom navigation device 1 and the electrode cable 2, after entering the deep water area, the mooring floating ball 4 is crushed by water pressure, the buoyancy of the tail end of the electrode cable 2 is reduced, and the detection system integrally moves downwards in water until reaching the bottom of the seat.
The working principle of the pedestal type electromagnetic detection system is as follows:
the base aircraft 1 is drawn by the head end of the electrode cable 2, keeps a stable posture and draws the electrode cable 2 to slide towards a deep water area. The damping umbrella 3 is an umbrella-shaped structure, the bottom is closed, when the damping umbrella works, because the moving direction of the umbrella bottom is opposite to that of water flow, the damping umbrella plays a role in blocking the water flow, and resistance is increased according to square times along with the flow velocity, so that a force opposite to the moving direction of the detection system is applied to the tail part of the electrode cable 2 to straighten the electrode cable 2. The mooring floating ball 4 is made of non-metal material, the buoyancy of the mooring floating ball is larger than the gravity of the tail end of the electrode cable 2 and the damping umbrella 3, so that the tail part is in a micro positive buoyancy state, the descending speed of the tail end of the electrode cable 2 can be reduced, and the electrode cable 2 is more easily straightened. The pressure resistance of the mooring floating ball 4 is designed to be weak, so that the mooring floating ball has buoyancy in a shallow water area to help the electrode cable 2 to be straightened, and can be crushed by water pressure in a deep water area to lose buoyancy, so that the electrode cable 2 is pulled down from the seat bottom by the traction of the base aircraft 1 and the damping umbrella 3 and is flatly laid on the seabed.
Example 2:
the structure of the bottom craft 1 is further defined on the basis of the embodiment 1.
The function of the under-seat aircraft 1 in the under-seat type electromagnetic detection system is as follows: (1) a system data acquisition and power supply platform; (2) when the system enters water, the head end of the electrode cable is pulled; (3) releasing the carrier of the system communication buoy; (4) as a seat anchor for the system. In order to ensure that the electrode cable 2 can achieve the required effect after entering water, the base aircraft 1 needs to meet the requirements of stable posture, collision avoidance and the like.
Referring to the attached figure 2, the base aircraft 1 is provided with a flow guiding shell 5, and the flow guiding shell 5 is a streamline non-sealing structure, so that the resistance of the aircraft body during underwater sliding can be reduced, and the internal equipment can be protected; the anti-collision base 6 is arranged at the bottom of the diversion shell 5, the anti-collision base 6 wraps the bottom of the diversion shell 5 along the periphery of the diversion shell, so that the impact of the navigation body 1 at the bottom of the seat when colliding with the seabed can be relieved, the safety of the navigation body and internal components is protected, and the navigation body can be reliably protected when sitting at the bottom in any posture due to the arrangement of the anti-collision base 6; the horizontal wings 7 are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the flow guide shell 5, the horizontal wings 7 can keep the navigation body in stable posture when sliding, and the electrode cable 2 cannot be wound and knotted due to the phenomena of overturning and the like; in addition, the aircraft can be ensured to be seated at a relatively horizontal posture, and the phenomena of overturning of the aircraft and the like caused by too large seat bottom angle can be prevented.
The diversion shell 5 is provided with a release buoy group 10, and the release buoy group 10 is used for releasing the communication buoy to communicate with the mother ship; the tail part of the diversion shell 5 is provided with a cable joint 9, and the cable joint 9 is used for connecting the rear-end electrode cable 2; the inside of the diversion shell 5 is provided with a power supply and instrument cabin 8, and the power supply and instrument cabin 8 is of a high-pressure watertight structure and is used for supplying power to the electrode cable 2 and controlling related equipment.
Further, the anti-collision base 6 in this example is a frame structure composed of multiple sections of metal rigid parts; the metal rigid parts are connected through springs. The anti-collision base 6 is changed into a semi-rigid structure from full rigidity, thereby not only ensuring the strength, but also meeting the requirements of shock absorption and impact resistance, and reducing the impact strength between the navigation body and the seabed when the navigation body is at the bottom of the base.
Furthermore, the cable joint 9 in this example is a slip ring structure, and after the electrode cable 2 is connected to the cable joint 9, the electrode cable 2 can rotate relative to the base aircraft 1, so as to prevent the electrode cable 2 from being twisted by too large an angle to damage the joint during hoisting or deployment.
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, N communication buoys are built in the release buoy set 10, and the motor in the release buoy set 10 is controlled to rotate at a certain angle (360 °/N), so that the communication buoys are sequentially released to communicate with the mother ship.
Example 3:
the laying method is defined on the basis of example 1, and the length of the electrode cable 2 in this example is 1000 meters.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a method for arranging a pedestal-type electromagnetic detection system includes: the main vessel is stopped after reaching a specified area as specified, and the electrode cable 2 is wound on a towing winch on the main vessel in advance. The tail end of the electrode cable 2 is connected with a fishing rope 11 and an indicating floating ball 12 and then thrown into water, a boat on a main ship is released, and the fishing rope 11 is tied to the boat after the indicating floating ball 12 is fished by the boat. And starting a winch on the main ship to slowly release the cable, wherein the cable releasing speed is synchronous with the advancing speed of the small boat, and the tail end of the electrode cable 2 is conveyed to the auxiliary ship by the small boat. The fishing rope 11 together with the tail end of the electrode cable 2 is received on the rear deck of the auxiliary ship by a winch on the auxiliary ship, then a cable connected with a releaser 13 and a first sheath 14 is connected to the winch on the auxiliary ship, and finally the tail end of the electrode cable 2 is provided with a damping umbrella 3 and a mooring floating ball 4. The electrode cable 2 at the tail end can always keep reverse tension and micro positive buoyancy after the system is laid in water, so that the electrode cable 2 with the length of 1000 meters can keep a relatively straight state after being sunk into the seabed. When the electrode cable 2 with the length of 1000 meters is about to be laid, the head end of the electrode cable 2 needs to be connected with the cable joint 9 of the base navigation body 1. At the moment, after the electrode cable 2 releases the second sheath 15, the winch is stopped, and then the cable on the second sheath 15 is fixed at a certain position of the rear deck of the main ship; and after the electrode cable is released continuously until the electrode cable is completely released, the head end of the electrode cable 2 is assembled on the cable connector 9 of the base navigation body 1.
The releaser 16 connected with the crane of the main vessel is directly connected with the base navigation body 1 through the cable, and then slowly hoisted to stress the base navigation body 1, and the cable connected with the deck of the main vessel at the second sheath 15 on the electrode cable 2 is released. Then slowly hanging the base navigation body 1 into water to a certain depth. At the moment, the command post personnel coordinate the rear decks of the main ship and the auxiliary ship to be parallel, coordinate the two ships to travel to a position with a distance of about 1000 meters through the GPS positioning equipment on the two ships, and at the moment, the electrode cable 2 is in a state of being straightened. The personnel for laying the two ships release the first releaser 13 and the second releaser 16 at the same time according to the instruction, so that the whole system is released at the same time, and laying is finished.
The electromagnetic detection system arrangement method can ensure that the electrode cable is in a state of being straightened before entering water, and then the detection system is wholly entered water, so that the electrode cable is ensured to have a better initial state when entering water, and the electrode cable is prevented from being wound and rotated due to poor arrangement mode, and further the operation and adjustment difficulty is increased.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (8)
1. A pedestal-based electromagnetic detection system, comprising: the base aircraft (1), the electrode cable (2), the damping umbrella (3) and the mooring floating ball (4);
the base aircraft (1) is used for towing the electrode cable (2);
the damping umbrella (3) is arranged at the tail end of the electrode cable (2), and traction force is applied to the tail part of the electrode cable (2) after the electrode cable (2) enters water, so that the electrode cable is kept in a straight state;
the mooring floating ball (4) is arranged at the tail end of the electrode cable (2), the mooring floating ball (4) is a nonmetal floating ball with low compressive strength, when the mooring floating ball is in a shallow water area, the mooring floating ball (4) applies pulling force to the tail end of the electrode cable (2), after the mooring floating ball enters a deep water area, the mooring floating ball (4) is crushed by water pressure, and the buoyancy of the tail end of the electrode cable (2) is reduced.
2. The bottom-mounted electromagnetic detection system according to claim 1, wherein the bottom-mounted vehicle (1) is provided with a streamlined flow guiding hull (5).
3. The bottom-mounted electromagnetic detecting system according to claim 2, wherein the flow guiding housing (5) is provided with a releasing buoy set (10), the tail portion of the flow guiding housing (5) is provided with a cable connector (9), and the flow guiding housing (5) is internally provided with a power supply and instrument cabin (8).
4. The bottom-mounted electromagnetic detection system according to claim 2, wherein an anti-collision base (6) is disposed at the bottom of the diversion housing (5).
5. A bottom-mounted electromagnetic detection system according to claim 2, wherein horizontal wings (7) are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the diversion housing (5).
6. The bottom-mounted electromagnetic detection system according to claim 4, wherein the crash-proof base (6) is a frame structure composed of two or more sections of metal rigid members; the metal rigid parts are connected through springs.
7. The bottom-based electromagnetic detection system according to claim 3, wherein said cable connector (9) is a slip-ring structure, and said electrode cable (2) can rotate relative to said bottom-based vehicle (1) after said electrode cable (2) is connected to said cable connector (9).
8. The bottom-mounted electromagnetic detection system according to claim 3, wherein said release buoy set (10) has two or more communication buoys built therein, and said communication buoys are released by rotation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111412922.XA CN114325842A (en) | 2021-11-25 | 2021-11-25 | Base type electromagnetic detection system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111412922.XA CN114325842A (en) | 2021-11-25 | 2021-11-25 | Base type electromagnetic detection system |
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| CN114325842A true CN114325842A (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117250570A (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2023-12-19 | 山东航天电子技术研究所 | Magnetic anomaly generating device suitable for underwater carrier and calculating method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-11-25 CN CN202111412922.XA patent/CN114325842A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117250570A (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2023-12-19 | 山东航天电子技术研究所 | Magnetic anomaly generating device suitable for underwater carrier and calculating method thereof |
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