CN114323916A - Method for determining disturbance sensitivity of deep rock - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining deep rock disturbed sensitivity, which comprises the steps of firstly simulating stress state evolution of a rock sample under different disturbance stress paths under different burial depths, capturing an acoustic emission signal of the rock sample during loading by combining an acoustic emission measurement system, and acquiring real-time acoustic emission energy information and acoustic emission event positioning point information of the rock sample during loading; and simultaneously calculating the fractal dimension of the acoustic emission time sequence distribution and the fractal dimension of the acoustic emission event space distribution of the rock sample in the loading process. The method has the advantages that the disturbed sensitivity of deep rocks can be determined by comparing the acoustic emission accumulated energy of the rock sample under different burial depths in a disturbance stress path with the acoustic emission event positioning point accumulated quantity and analyzing by combining the variation trend of the acoustic emission time sequence distribution fractal dimension of the rock sample with the variation trend of the acoustic emission event space distribution fractal dimension, and data support is provided for the analysis of the large deformation-discontinuous deformation behavior and the law of the rock mass under the later deep excavation disturbance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rock mechanics and engineering, in particular to a method for determining deep rock disturbed sensitivity.
Background
The construction and design of deep underground engineering, the engineering technical problem to be solved at first is the stable control of rock mass under excavation disturbance. However, the unstable failure and disaster causing process of the rock mass is actually a process in which the deformation of the rock mass is aggravated under excavation disturbance, i.e. under a disturbance stress path. Meanwhile, the difference of rock deformation and destruction behaviors under different excavation modes is large. Therefore, by combining the deep in-situ environment, a calculation and analysis means of rock deformation behavior under the excavation disturbance stress path is provided, and the method has important significance for deeply researching the mechanical properties of the rock under deep excavation disturbance.
The existing research has fully proved that the excavation disturbance stress path determines the damage form of the surrounding rock, and meanwhile, according to field observation, some scholars provide stress path approximation models experienced by the deep surrounding rock under large disturbance, medium disturbance and small disturbance excavation disturbance. However, in a deep in-situ environment, mining is performed in different excavation modes, that is, different disturbance stress paths are applied to rock masses, and it is not clear whether correlation exists between the deformation failure characteristics of the rock and disturbance modes of different degrees. According to the requirements of deep underground engineering construction and design, if the relationship between the rock deformation destruction characteristics and the disturbance mode under the deep in-situ environment can be revealed, not only can theoretical prediction be provided for the deformation destruction characteristics of the rock body under the excavation disturbance in the actual deep underground engineering, but also data support can be provided for analysis of large deformation-discontinuous deformation behaviors and rules of the rock body under the later-stage deep excavation disturbance. Therefore, how to provide a method can analyze the relationship between the rock deformation failure characteristics and different disturbance stress paths under different burial depths, and further obtain the response characteristics (namely sensitivity) of different buried depths to different disturbance stress paths is one of the research directions in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for determining the disturbance sensitivity of deep rocks, which can analyze the relationship between the deformation failure characteristics of the rocks under different burial depths and different disturbance stress paths, further obtain the disturbance sensitivity of the rocks under different burial depths to different disturbance stress paths, and provide data support for the analysis of the behavior and the rule of large deformation-discontinuous deformation of the rock mass under the later-stage deep excavation disturbance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for determining the disturbance sensitivity of deep rocks comprises the following specific steps:
s1, manufacturing a plurality of samples with the same shape by using the same rock, and confirming that the interior of each sample has no obvious damage and the integrity is good through wave velocity test;
s2, selecting a sample from the step S1, fixing the sample in a rock testing system, uniformly arranging an acoustic emission measuring probe on the surface of the sample, and coupling the probe and the contact surface of the sample by Vaseline;
s3, setting a burial depth, sequentially simulating hydrostatic pressure loading, a first loading and unloading stage and large disturbance construction of the sample in the step S2 under the burial depth to complete a disturbance stress path, and recording acoustic emission accumulated energy and acoustic emission event positioning point accumulated quantity of the sample in the process of loading the disturbance stress path by the acoustic emission measuring probe; then selecting a sample from the step S1, repeating the step S2, sequentially simulating hydrostatic pressure loading, a first loading and unloading stage and medium disturbance construction of the sample under the same burial depth to finish a disturbance stress path, and recording the acoustic emission accumulated energy and the acoustic emission event positioning point accumulated quantity of the sample in the process of loading the disturbance stress path by an acoustic emission measuring probe; finally, selecting a sample from the step S1, repeating the step S2, sequentially simulating hydrostatic pressure loading, a first loading and unloading stage and smaller disturbance construction of the sample under the same burial depth to finish a disturbance stress path, and recording the acoustic emission accumulated energy and the acoustic emission event positioning point accumulated quantity of the sample in the process of loading the disturbance stress path by an acoustic emission measuring probe; finally, the acoustic emission accumulated energy and the acoustic emission event locating point accumulated quantity of the sample in the loading process of three different disturbance stress paths under the current simulated burial depth are obtained;
s4, setting a plurality of different burial depths, and then repeating the process of the step S3 under each burial depth condition respectively, so as to obtain the acoustic emission accumulated energy and the acoustic emission event locating point accumulated quantity of the sample in the loading process of simulating three different disturbance stress paths under different burial depths;
s5, drawing a time-acoustic emission accumulated energy curve of the sample according to data obtained by three different disturbance stress paths under the same burial depth condition, and simultaneously calculating a change curve of the accumulated number of positioning points of acoustic emission events of the three different disturbance stress paths along with time; finally obtaining corresponding curves under different burial depth conditions;
s6, calculating acoustic emission time sequence distribution fractal dimension D of the sample during loading of respective disturbance stress path by correlation dimension method according to acoustic emission energy data of the sample during three different disturbance stress paths under different burial depthstAnd plotting time-DtA curve;
s7, calculating the acoustic emission event space distribution fractal dimension D of the sample during the loading of the respective disturbance stress path by a column coverage method according to the position coordinates of the acoustic emission event positioning points of the sample during three different disturbance stress paths under different burial depthssAnd plotting time-DsA curve;
s8, integrating the acoustic emission accumulated energy, the acoustic emission event locating point accumulated quantity and the D obtained in the steps S4 to S7t、DsCarrying out analysis, wherein the specific analysis process is as follows:
comparing acoustic emission accumulated energy generated by samples between different disturbance stress paths under the same burial depth, and determining one basis of the samples generating obvious deformation relative to other samples under the same burial depth if the slope of a time-acoustic emission accumulated energy curve of a certain sample in the same time period is 3-5 times of the slope of the curve of other samples (namely, the slope generates obvious rise relative to other samples);
comparing acoustic emission accumulated positioning points generated by the samples between different disturbance stress paths under the same burial depth, and determining the second basis of the sample generating significant deformation relative to other samples under the same burial depth if the number of the acoustic emission accumulated positioning points of a certain sample in the same time period is 1-3 times that of other samples (namely more than other samples);
comparing D of samples between different disturbance stress paths under the same burial depthttime-D of a certain sampletThe slope of the curve in the same time period is 1-2 times of the slope of the curve of other samples (namely, the curve is obviously raised relative to other samples), and then the third basis that the sample is obviously deformed relative to other samples under the same burial depth is determined;
comparing D of samples among different disturbance stress paths under the same burial depthstime-D of a certain samplesThe slope absolute value of the curve in the same time period is 1-2 times of the slope absolute value of the curve of other samples (namely, the slope absolute value is obviously reduced relative to other samples), and then the fourth basis for the sample to generate obvious deformation relative to other samples under the same burial depth is determined;
for the same burial depth, if the number of the sample parameters under the path with larger disturbance stress accords with the above-mentioned basis is larger than the number of the sample parameters under the path with medium disturbance stress accords with the above-mentioned basis, and the number of the sample parameters under the path with medium disturbance stress accords with the above-mentioned basis is larger than the number of the sample parameters under the path with smaller disturbance stress accords with the above-mentioned basis, determining that the response characteristic of the coal rock stratum under the burial depth to the path with disturbance stress is strong sensitivity; if the number of the sample parameters in the large disturbance stress path which meet the basis is larger than that in the medium disturbance stress path, and the number of the sample parameters in the medium disturbance stress path which meet the basis is equal to that in the small disturbance stress path, determining that the response characteristic of the rock under the burial depth to the disturbance stress path is weak sensitivity; if the sample parameters under the three disturbance stress paths are equal in the early stage (the duration of the early stage of the disturbance construction stage is not less than 1/3 of the whole disturbance construction stage and not more than 1/2) of each disturbance construction stage, and the response characteristic of the coal rock stratum under the buried depth to the disturbance stress path is determined to be delay sensitivity according to the judgment standard in the later stage (the later stage of the disturbance construction stage refers to the removal of the rest part of the early stage of the disturbance construction stage) of each disturbance construction stage;
and repeating the steps to analyze the samples with different burial depths, and finally determining the disturbed sensitivity of the deep rock.
Further, the specific loading parameters of each loading stage of the three disturbance stress paths in step S3 are:
compared with the prior art, the method adopts the rock test system to simulate the stress state evolution of the rock sample under different burial depths and different disturbance stress paths, and combines the acoustic emission measurement system to capture the acoustic emission signal of the rock sample during the loading process to acquire the real-time acoustic emission energy information and the acoustic emission event positioning point information of the rock sample during the loading process; simultaneously, calculating the fractal dimension D of acoustic emission time sequence distribution of the rock sample in the loading process by using a fractal geometry theorytFractal dimension D of spatial distribution of acoustic emission eventss. Because the acoustic emission information and fractal dimension evolution in the rock sample destruction process can reflect the deformation degree of the rock sample, the acoustic emission accumulated energy and the acoustic emission event positioning point accumulated quantity of the rock sample under different burial depths under a disturbance stress path are compared, the variation trend of the acoustic emission time sequence distribution fractal dimension and the acoustic emission event space distribution fractal dimension of the rock sample in the loading process is combined for analysis, and the rock deformation destruction characteristics and different disturbance stress characteristics under different burial depths are obtained by setting specific conditionsThe relation between the paths can compare the disturbed sensitivity of the deformation of the rock sample to different disturbance stress paths under different burial depths, and provide data support for the analysis of the large deformation-discontinuous deformation behavior and the law of the rock mass under the later-stage deep excavation disturbance. In addition, the required equipment is simple and the measuring method is simple; the disturbance sensitivity of deep rocks can be determined by using the existing rock testing system and the acoustic emission measuring system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention simulating the stress loading of three different perturbation stress paths;
FIG. 2 is a time-acoustic emission cumulative energy curve of three different disturbance stress path samples with burial depths of 500m, 1000m and 1500m in the invention;
FIG. 3 is a curve showing the cumulative number of emission event positioning points of three different disturbance stress path samples with buried depths of 500m, 1000m and 1500m according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing time-D of three different perturbation stress path samples at burial depths of 500m, 1000m and 1500m in the present inventiontA curve;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing time-D of three different perturbation stress path samples at burial depths of 500m, 1000m and 1500m in the present inventionsCurve line.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained below.
As shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, manufacturing a plurality of samples with the same shape by using the same rock (such as red sandstone), and confirming that the interior of each sample has no obvious damage and the integrity is good through wave velocity test;
s2, selecting a sample from the step S1, fixing the sample in a rock testing system, uniformly arranging an acoustic emission measuring probe on the surface of the sample, and coupling the probe and the contact surface of the sample by Vaseline;
s3, setting the burial depth to be 500m, then sequentially simulating hydrostatic pressure loading, a first loading and unloading stage and large disturbance construction of the sample in the step S2 under the burial depth to complete a disturbance stress path, and recording the acoustic emission accumulated energy and the acoustic emission event locating point accumulated quantity of the sample in the process of loading the disturbance stress path by the acoustic emission measuring probe; then selecting a sample from the step S1, repeating the step S2, sequentially simulating hydrostatic pressure loading, a first loading and unloading stage and medium disturbance construction of the sample under the same burial depth to finish a disturbance stress path, and recording the acoustic emission accumulated energy and the acoustic emission event positioning point accumulated quantity of the sample in the process of loading the disturbance stress path by an acoustic emission measuring probe; finally, selecting a sample from the step S1, repeating the step S2, sequentially simulating hydrostatic pressure loading, a first loading and unloading stage and smaller disturbance construction of the sample under the same burial depth to finish a disturbance stress path, and recording the acoustic emission accumulated energy and the acoustic emission event positioning point accumulated quantity of the sample in the process of loading the disturbance stress path by an acoustic emission measuring probe; finally, the acoustic emission accumulated energy and the acoustic emission event positioning point accumulated quantity of the sample in the loading process of three different disturbance stress paths under the current simulated burial depth are obtained, wherein the large disturbance construction, the medium disturbance construction and the small disturbance construction are determined according to the existing division standard of the industry, the large disturbance construction can select a full-face drilling and blasting method or other known large disturbance construction methods, the medium disturbance construction can select a subsection excavation drilling and blasting method or other known medium disturbance construction methods, the small disturbance construction can select a TBM method or other known small disturbance construction methods, and the specific loading parameters of each loading stage of the three disturbance stress paths are as follows:
s4, setting the burial depths to be 1000m and 1500m respectively, and then repeating the process of the step S3 under each burial depth condition respectively, so as to obtain the acoustic emission accumulated energy and the acoustic emission event positioning point accumulated quantity of the sample in the loading process of simulating three different disturbance stress paths under different burial depths;
s5, drawing a time-acoustic emission accumulated energy curve of the sample for data obtained by three different disturbance stress paths (namely A to C in the figure 1) under the same burial depth condition as shown in figure 2, and simultaneously calculating a time-variation curve of the accumulated number of the positioning points of the acoustic emission events of the three different disturbance stress paths; finally obtaining corresponding curves under different burial depth conditions;
s6, calculating acoustic emission time sequence distribution fractal dimension D of the sample during loading of respective disturbance stress path by correlation dimension method according to acoustic emission energy data of the sample during three different disturbance stress paths under different burial depthstAs shown in fig. 4, and plotting time-DtA curve;
s7, calculating the acoustic emission event space distribution fractal dimension D of the sample during the loading of the respective disturbance stress path by a column coverage method according to the position coordinates of the acoustic emission event positioning points of the sample during three different disturbance stress paths under different burial depthssAs shown in fig. 5, and plotting time-DsA curve;
s8, integrating the acoustic emission accumulated energy, the acoustic emission event locating point accumulated quantity and the D obtained in the steps S4 to S7t、DsCarrying out analysis, wherein the specific analysis process is as follows:
comparing acoustic emission accumulated energy generated by samples between different disturbance stress paths under the same burial depth, and determining one basis of the samples generating obvious deformation relative to other samples under the same burial depth if the slope of a time-acoustic emission accumulated energy curve of a certain sample in the same time period is 3-5 times of the slope of the curve of other samples (namely, the slope generates obvious rise relative to other samples);
comparing acoustic emission accumulated positioning points generated by the samples between different disturbance stress paths under the same burial depth, and determining the second basis of the sample generating significant deformation relative to other samples under the same burial depth if the number of the acoustic emission accumulated positioning points of a certain sample in the same time period is 1-3 times that of other samples (namely more than other samples);
comparing D of samples between different disturbance stress paths under the same burial depthttime-D of a certain sampletThe slope of the curve in the same time period is 1-2 times of the slope of the curve of other samples (namely, the curve is obviously raised relative to other samples), and then the third basis that the sample is obviously deformed relative to other samples under the same burial depth is determined;
comparing D of samples among different disturbance stress paths under the same burial depthstime-D of a certain samplesThe slope absolute value of the curve in the same time period is 1-2 times of the slope absolute value of the curve of other samples (namely, the slope absolute value is obviously reduced relative to other samples), and then the fourth basis for the sample to generate obvious deformation relative to other samples under the same burial depth is determined;
for the same burial depth, if the number of the sample parameters under the path with larger disturbance stress accords with the above-mentioned basis is larger than the number of the sample parameters under the path with medium disturbance stress accords with the above-mentioned basis, and the number of the sample parameters under the path with medium disturbance stress accords with the above-mentioned basis is larger than the number of the sample parameters under the path with smaller disturbance stress accords with the above-mentioned basis, determining that the response characteristic of the coal rock stratum under the burial depth to the path with disturbance stress is strong sensitivity; if the number of the sample parameters in the large disturbance stress path which meet the basis is larger than that in the medium disturbance stress path, and the number of the sample parameters in the medium disturbance stress path which meet the basis is equal to that in the small disturbance stress path, determining that the response characteristic of the rock under the burial depth to the disturbance stress path is weak sensitivity; if the sample parameters under the three disturbance stress paths are equal in the early stage of the disturbance construction stage (namely, the section B-C in the figure 1), wherein the duration of the early stage of the disturbance construction stage is determined as 2/5 of the whole disturbance construction stage, and the response characteristic of the coal rock stratum under the buried depth to the disturbance stress path is determined as delay sensitivity according to the judgment standard in the later stage of the disturbance construction stage;
the step of repeating is carried out for analyzing the samples with different burial depths, and judgment is carried out according to the standard, and finally the response characteristic of the rock under the burial depth of 500m to the disturbance stress path can be determined to be strong sensitivity; the response characteristic of the rock under the buried depth of 1000m to the disturbance stress path is weak sensitivity; the response characteristic of a rock at 1500m burial depth to a disturbance stress path is delay sensitivity.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for determining the disturbance sensitivity of deep rocks comprises the following specific steps:
s1, manufacturing a plurality of samples with the same shape by using the same rock, and confirming that the interior of each sample has no obvious damage and the integrity is good through wave velocity test;
s2, selecting a sample from the step S1, fixing the sample in a rock testing system, uniformly arranging an acoustic emission measuring probe on the surface of the sample, and coupling the probe and the contact surface of the sample by Vaseline;
s3, setting a burial depth, sequentially simulating hydrostatic pressure loading, a first loading and unloading stage and large disturbance construction of the sample in the step S2 under the burial depth to complete a disturbance stress path, and recording acoustic emission accumulated energy and acoustic emission event positioning point accumulated quantity of the sample in the process of loading the disturbance stress path by the acoustic emission measuring probe; then selecting a sample from the step S1, repeating the step S2, sequentially simulating hydrostatic pressure loading, a first loading and unloading stage and medium disturbance construction of the sample under the same burial depth to finish a disturbance stress path, and recording the acoustic emission accumulated energy and the acoustic emission event positioning point accumulated quantity of the sample in the process of loading the disturbance stress path by an acoustic emission measuring probe; finally, selecting a sample from the step S1, repeating the step S2, sequentially simulating hydrostatic pressure loading, a first loading and unloading stage and smaller disturbance construction of the sample under the same burial depth to finish a disturbance stress path, and recording the acoustic emission accumulated energy and the acoustic emission event positioning point accumulated quantity of the sample in the process of loading the disturbance stress path by an acoustic emission measuring probe; finally, the acoustic emission accumulated energy and the acoustic emission event locating point accumulated quantity of the sample in the loading process of three different disturbance stress paths under the current simulated burial depth are obtained;
s4, setting a plurality of different burial depths, and then repeating the process of the step S3 under each burial depth condition respectively, so as to obtain the acoustic emission accumulated energy and the acoustic emission event locating point accumulated quantity of the sample in the loading process of simulating three different disturbance stress paths under different burial depths;
s5, drawing a time-acoustic emission accumulated energy curve of the sample according to data obtained by three different disturbance stress paths under the same burial depth condition, and simultaneously calculating a change curve of the accumulated number of positioning points of acoustic emission events of the three different disturbance stress paths along with time; finally obtaining corresponding curves under different burial depth conditions;
s6, calculating acoustic emission time sequence distribution fractal dimension D of the sample during loading of respective disturbance stress path by correlation dimension method according to acoustic emission energy data of the sample during three different disturbance stress paths under different burial depthstAnd plotting time-DtA curve;
s7, calculating the acoustic emission event space distribution fractal dimension D of the sample during the loading of the respective disturbance stress path by a column coverage method according to the position coordinates of the acoustic emission event positioning points of the sample during three different disturbance stress paths under different burial depthssAnd plotting time-DsA curve;
s8, integrating the acoustic emission accumulated energy, the acoustic emission event locating point accumulated quantity and the D obtained in the steps S4 to S7t、DsCarrying out analysis, wherein the specific analysis process is as follows:
comparing acoustic emission accumulated energy generated by the samples between different disturbance stress paths under the same burial depth, and determining one of the bases for the sample to generate obvious deformation relative to other samples under the same burial depth if the slope of a time-acoustic emission accumulated energy curve of a certain sample in the same time period is 3-5 times of the slope of the curves of other samples;
comparing acoustic emission accumulated positioning points generated by the samples between different disturbance stress paths under the same burial depth, and determining the second basis for the samples to generate obvious deformation relative to other samples under the same burial depth if the number of the acoustic emission accumulated positioning points of a certain sample in the same time period is 1-3 times that of other samples;
comparing D of samples between different disturbance stress paths under the same burial depthttime-D of a certain sampletDetermining the third basis that the slope of the curve in the same time period is 1-2 times of the slope of the curve of other samples, and the sample generates obvious deformation relative to other samples under the same burial depth;
comparing D of samples among different disturbance stress paths under the same burial depthstime-D of a certain samplesDetermining the fourth basis that the slope absolute value of the curve in the same time period is 1-2 times of the slope absolute value of the curve of other samples, and the sample generates obvious deformation relative to other samples under the same burial depth;
for the same burial depth, if the number of the sample parameters under the path with larger disturbance stress accords with the above-mentioned basis is larger than the number of the sample parameters under the path with medium disturbance stress accords with the above-mentioned basis, and the number of the sample parameters under the path with medium disturbance stress accords with the above-mentioned basis is larger than the number of the sample parameters under the path with smaller disturbance stress accords with the above-mentioned basis, determining that the response characteristic of the coal rock stratum under the burial depth to the path with disturbance stress is strong sensitivity; if the number of the sample parameters in the large disturbance stress path which meet the basis is larger than that in the medium disturbance stress path, and the number of the sample parameters in the medium disturbance stress path which meet the basis is equal to that in the small disturbance stress path, determining that the response characteristic of the rock under the burial depth to the disturbance stress path is weak sensitivity; if the sample parameters under the three disturbance stress paths are equal in the early stage of each disturbance construction stage and are strong in sensitivity according to the judgment standard in the later stage of each disturbance construction stage, determining that the response characteristic of the coal rock stratum under the burial depth to the disturbance stress path is delay sensitivity;
and repeating the steps to analyze the samples with different burial depths, and finally determining the disturbed sensitivity of the deep rock.
2. The method for determining the deep rock disturbance sensitivity of claim 1, wherein the specific loading parameters of each loading stage of the three disturbance stress paths in the step S3 are as follows:
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