CN114319402B - Blind ditch design method for underground construction engineering - Google Patents
Blind ditch design method for underground construction engineering Download PDFInfo
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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Abstract
A blind ditch design method for underground construction engineering considers that rainwater flows in outside the boundary of a blind ditch water collecting range of the underground construction engineering and is influenced by peripheral topography, so that a correction coefficient of a peripheral water collecting environment is introduced, a total drainage amount calculation formula of the blind ditch is designed, the arrangement condition of drainage lines at the periphery of the construction engineering is combined, the blind ditch is connected with the drainage lines through a plurality of access points, the rainwater in the blind ditch is discharged in time, and a corrected blind ditch drainage amount calculation formula is provided. The novel blind ditch arrangement method provided by the invention greatly improves the drainage capacity of the blind ditches, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the blind ditches. Through the blind ditch arrangement, the contact between the underground water and the rainwater of the concrete member of the basement can be reduced, the impermeability of the concrete basement can be indirectly improved, and the anti-floating performance of the basement can also be improved.
Description
[ field of technology ]
The invention belongs to the technical field of waterproof and anti-floating of underground construction engineering, and particularly relates to a blind ditch design method for underground construction engineering.
[ background Art ]
The main influences of the underground water on the underground construction project are leakage, floating and the like. Even if some related technical measures have been taken, for example: the anti-seepage concrete is adopted, the external waterproof is adopted, the anti-cracking agent is added into the concrete, and the like, but the leakage problem is unavoidable due to the comprehensive effects of uncertain factors such as construction process, materials, and the like. Some basements suffer from heavy rainfall weather when anti-floating measures (earth covering of a top plate of the basement) are not timely implemented in place, and construction rainfall measures are imperfect, so that engineering accidents such as floating of underground engineering and the like are easily caused.
Through the reasonable design of the blind ditches, the retained rainwater is guided in an organized way, and the surface stagnant water and underground water are actively dredged and discharged, so that the influence on the underground construction engineering is reduced, a certain effect is achieved in solving the problems, but no related design method is applied to the underground construction engineering.
At present, three-dimensional finite element numerical simulation (see Wang Xianneng and She Kun) is needed for calculating and designing the blind ditch, and the application of the anti-floating blind ditch technology in the anti-floating engineering of the underground structure [ J ]. Engineering investigation, 2018 and 46 (06): 33-37) is difficult and takes too long time, so that the method is unfavorable for engineering application.
[ invention ]
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a blind ditch design method for underground construction engineering, which greatly improves the drainage capacity of the blind ditch, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the blind ditch.
The invention is realized in the following way:
a blind ditch design method for underground construction engineering comprises the following steps:
step one: considering that rainwater flows in outside the boundary of the catchment range of the blind ditch of the underground construction engineering under the influence of the surrounding topography, therefore, the correction coefficient of the surrounding catchment environment is introduced, and the total drainage amount of the blind ditch is designed:
Q s ＝λq(1-Ψ 0 )F (1)
in the formula (1), qs is the total drainage amount of the blind drain, lambda is the correction coefficient considering the surrounding catchment environment, 1.3-1.5 is taken, q is the intensity of the design storm, and the value is calculated according to the rule 4.1.9 in the outdoor drainage design Specification (GB 50014-2021), ψ 0 For synthesizing the runoff coefficient, consider the parameter which influences the surface runoff along with the change of different road surface types, take the following values: 0.60 to 0.70 of urban building dense areas, 0.45 to 0.60 of urban building denser areas, 0.20 to 0.45 of urban building sparse areas, orThe method is characterized in that a weighted average mode is adopted to carry out fine calculation and value, F is the water collecting area of the blind ditch, the blind ditch is taken as a central line, the ground ranges of 15 meters on two sides are the influence related ranges of the blind ditch, namely, the value of F is as follows: blind drain length 30;
step two: designing n pipeline access points on the blind drain to be connected with a drainage main pipe of the comprehensive pipe network, timely draining rainwater in the blind drain, and providing a corrected blind drain design flow calculation formula;
in the formula (2): q is blind drain design flow; k (K) m The permeability coefficient of the filtering material of the drainage layer is calculated according to the permeability coefficient table of the rock mass of the drainage layer; w is the area of the cross section of the blind ditch, w=bh, b is the width of the bottom of the blind ditch, and h is the height of the blind ditch; i is drainage slope, and the drop of a unit distance of a blind ditch is 1% -2%; η is a correction coefficient considering the non-uniformity of the access points, when the number n of access points is less than 5, η=0.8; when the number of access points n is greater than 15, η=0.5; when the number of the access points n is 5-15, line taking interpolation is carried out;
step three: and (3) integrally optimizing parameters such as the number n of blind ditch access points, the blind ditch cross-section size and the like to obtain a final blind ditch arrangement scheme and the blind ditch cross-section size:
n＝Qs/Q (3)
the calculated value of the number n of the blind ditch access points is decimal, and finally, the blind ditch access points are only put in and put out;
and (3) according to the formulas (1) - (3), completing the layout design of the blind ditches according to the specific numerical value of the access point n of the test value of the cross section w of the blind ditches.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps: according to the main structure condition and the surrounding soil condition of the blind ditch building engineering, a blind ditch arrangement scheme is obtained: for a fully-buried basement, a blind ditch adopts a shallow burying mode, but the tail end of the blind ditch can be ensured to drain water into a drainage main pipe of a comprehensive pipe network; for a semi-open basement, a blind ditch is arranged at the corner of an outer wall in a deep burying mode, and rainwater or underground water is discharged into a drainage main pipe of the comprehensive pipe network by gravity flow of gradient of the blind ditch.
Further, the shallow burying means that the position 1m below the ground is not higher than the top plate of the basement; the deep burying refers to a position close to the basement bottom plate.
The invention has the advantages that: compared with three-dimensional finite element numerical simulation, the blind ditch design method suitable for underground construction engineering can be used for designing schemes more conveniently and rapidly, is more suitable for engineering requirements, and is particularly suitable for basements of weakly permeable soil layers. The traditional blind ditch arrangement method has larger requirements on the quantity and the section size of blind ditches due to the limitation of drainage; according to the novel blind drain arrangement method, the arrangement condition of the peripheral drain pipelines is combined, so that the drainage capacity of the blind drain is greatly improved, and the manufacturing cost of the blind drain is reduced. Through the blind ditch arrangement, the contact between the underground water and the rainwater of the concrete member of the basement can be reduced, the impermeability of the concrete basement can be indirectly improved, and the anti-floating performance of the basement can also be improved. The invention mainly provides a calculation method of the total ground catchment according to related formulas in the outdoor drainage design specification, highway subgrade design handbook, building water supply and drainage design standard, thereby providing a blind ditch design method suitable for underground construction engineering.
[ description of the drawings ]
The invention is described in further detail below in connection with specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a fully buried basement blind ditch arrangement of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic illustration of a semi-open basement blind ditch arrangement of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic illustration of the blind drain plan arrangement of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the blind drain of the present invention.
Reference numerals: the device comprises a 1-blind ditch, a 2-comprehensive pipe network drainage main pipe, a 11-middle sand reverse filtering layer, a 12-pebble reverse filtering layer, a 13-blind pipe, a 14-plain concrete cushion layer and a 15-raw soil ramming or hand-swing rubble subbase layer.
[ detailed description ] of the invention
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a blind ditch design method for underground construction engineering includes the steps of:
step one: considering that rainwater flows in outside the boundary of the catchment range of the blind ditch of the underground construction engineering under the influence of the surrounding topography, therefore, the correction coefficient of the surrounding catchment environment is introduced, and the total drainage amount of the blind ditch is designed:
Q s ＝λq(1-Ψ 0 )F (1)
in the formula (1), qs is total drainage amount (L/s) of the blind drain, lambda is a correction coefficient considering the surrounding catchment environment, 1.3-1.5 is taken, q is the intensity of the design storm, and a value is calculated according to the rule 4.1.9 in the outdoor drainage design Specification (GB 50014-2021), ψ 0 For synthesizing the runoff coefficient, consider the parameter which influences the surface runoff along with the change of different road surface types, take the following values: the dense area of the urban building is 0.60 to 0.70, the denser area of the urban building is 0.45 to 0.60, the sparse area of the urban building is 0.20 to 0.45, or the dense area of the urban building is subjected to fine calculation by adopting a weighted average mode, and F is the water collecting area (m 2 ) The blind ditch is taken as a central line, the ground ranges of 15 meters on two sides are the relevant ranges of the blind ditch, namely, the F is given the following value: blind drain length 30;
step two: n pipeline access points are designed on the blind drain 1 and are connected with a drainage main pipe 2 of the comprehensive pipe network (refer to fig. 2), so that rainwater in the blind drain 1 is timely discharged, and a calculation formula for correcting the design flow of the blind drain is provided;
in the formula (2): q is the blind drain design flow (m 3 /S)；K m The permeability coefficient (m/s) of the filtering material of the drainage layer is taken as a value according to a rock permeability coefficient table (see table 1 for details) of the drainage layer; w is the area of the cross section of the blind ditch, w=bh, b is the width of the bottom of the blind ditch, and h is the height of the blind ditch; i is drainage slope, and the drop of a unit distance of a blind ditch is 1% -2%; η is a correction coefficient considering the non-uniformity of the access points, when the number n of access points is less than 5, η=0.8; when the number of access points n is greater than 15, η=0.5; when the number of the access points n is 5-15, linear interpolation is adopted;
table 1:
note that: for irregular angular rock, n=0.50; for a round rock, n=0.40
Step three: and (3) integrally optimizing parameters such as the number n of blind ditch access points, the blind ditch cross-section size and the like to obtain a final blind ditch arrangement scheme and the blind ditch cross-section size:
n＝Qs/Q (3)
the calculated value n of the number of the blind ditch access points is decimal, and finally, the blind ditch access points are only put in and put out;
and (3) according to the formulas (1) - (3), completing the layout design of the blind ditches according to the specific numerical value of the access point n of the test value of the cross section w of the blind ditches.
According to the main structure condition and the surrounding soil condition of the blind ditch building engineering, a blind ditch arrangement scheme is obtained: for a fully-buried basement, the blind ditch 1 is shallow buried (at a position which is about 1m away from the ground and is not higher than the top plate of the basement), but the tail end of the blind ditch can be ensured to drain water into a drainage main pipe 2 of the comprehensive pipe network; for a semi-open basement, the blind ditch 1 is arranged at the corner of an outer wall in a deep burying mode, and rainwater or underground water is discharged into the drainage main pipe 2 of the comprehensive pipe network by gravity flow of the gradient of the blind ditch.
The number of holes and the area of the holes on the wall of the blind ditch can be determined according to the water inflow amount, the permeability coefficient of the filling material and the like by referring to page 132 of the manual for highway subgrade design (second edition).
Compared with three-dimensional finite element numerical simulation, the blind ditch design method suitable for underground construction engineering can be used for designing schemes more conveniently and rapidly, is more suitable for engineering requirements, and is particularly suitable for basements of weakly permeable soil layers. The traditional blind ditch arrangement method has larger requirements on the quantity and the section size of blind ditches due to the limitation of drainage; according to the novel blind drain arrangement method, the arrangement condition of the peripheral drain pipelines is combined, so that the drainage capacity of the blind drain is greatly improved, and the manufacturing cost of the blind drain is reduced. Through the blind ditch arrangement, the contact between the underground water and the rainwater of the concrete member of the basement can be reduced, the impermeability of the concrete basement can be indirectly improved, and the anti-floating performance of the basement can also be improved. The invention mainly provides a calculation method of the total ground catchment according to related formulas in the outdoor drainage design specification, highway subgrade design handbook, building water supply and drainage design standard, thereby providing a blind ditch design method suitable for underground construction engineering.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A blind ditch design method for underground construction engineering is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one: considering that rainwater flows in outside the boundary of the catchment range of the blind ditch of the underground construction engineering under the influence of the surrounding topography, therefore, the correction coefficient of the surrounding catchment environment is introduced, and the total drainage amount of the blind ditch is designed:
Q s ＝λq(1-Ψ 0 )F (1)
in the formula (1), qs is the total drainage amount of the blind drain, lambda is the correction coefficient considering the surrounding catchment environment, 1.3-1.5 is taken, q is the intensity of the design storm, and the value is calculated according to the rule 4.1.9 in the outdoor drainage design Specification (GB 50014-2021), ψ 0 For synthesizing the runoff coefficient, consider the parameter which influences the surface runoff along with the change of different road surface types, take the following values: the urban building dense area takes 0.60 to 0.70, the urban building denser area takes 0.45 to 0.60, the urban building sparse area takes 0.20 to 0.45, or a weighted average mode is adopted to carry out fine calculation value, F is the blind ditch catchment area, the blind ditches are taken as the center line, the 15-meter ground ranges on two sides are the influence related ranges of the blind ditches, namely, the value of F is as follows: blind drain length 30;
step two: designing n pipeline access points on the blind drain to be connected with a drainage main pipe of the comprehensive pipe network, timely draining rainwater in the blind drain, and providing a corrected blind drain design flow calculation formula;
in the formula (2): q is blind drain design flow; k (K) m The permeability coefficient of the filtering material of the drainage layer is calculated according to the permeability coefficient table of the rock mass of the drainage layer; w is the area of the cross section of the blind ditch, w=bh, b is the width of the bottom of the blind ditch, and h is the height of the blind ditch; i is drainage slope, and the drop of a unit distance of a blind ditch is 1% -2%; η is a correction coefficient considering the non-uniformity of the access points, when the number n of access points is less than 5, η=0.8; when the number of access points n is greater than 15, η=0.5; when the number of the access points n is 5-15, linear interpolation is adopted;
step three: and (3) integrally optimizing parameters such as the number n of blind ditch access points, the blind ditch cross-section size and the like to obtain a final blind ditch arrangement scheme and the blind ditch cross-section size:
n＝Qs/Q (3)
the calculated value of the number n of the blind ditch access points is decimal, and finally, the blind ditch access points are only put in and put out;
and (3) according to the formulas (1) - (3), completing the layout design of the blind ditches according to the specific numerical value of the access point n of the test value of the cross section w of the blind ditches.
2. A blind ditch design method for underground construction works according to claim 1, wherein: further comprises: according to the main structure condition and the surrounding soil condition of the blind ditch building engineering, a blind ditch arrangement scheme is obtained: for a fully-buried basement, a blind ditch adopts a shallow burying mode, but the tail end of the blind ditch can be ensured to drain water into a drainage main pipe of a comprehensive pipe network; for a semi-open basement, a blind ditch is arranged at the corner of an outer wall in a deep burying mode, and rainwater or underground water is discharged into a drainage main pipe of the comprehensive pipe network by gravity flow of gradient of the blind ditch.
3. A blind ditch design method for underground construction works according to claim 2, wherein:
the shallow burying is that the position 1m below the ground is not higher than the top plate of the basement; the deep burying refers to a position close to the basement bottom plate.
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