CN1143138A - Launching method for laud region prefabricated sinking caisson - Google Patents
Launching method for laud region prefabricated sinking caisson Download PDFInfo
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- CN1143138A CN1143138A CN 96106741 CN96106741A CN1143138A CN 1143138 A CN1143138 A CN 1143138A CN 96106741 CN96106741 CN 96106741 CN 96106741 A CN96106741 A CN 96106741A CN 1143138 A CN1143138 A CN 1143138A
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- caisson
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Abstract
The present invention uses semi-diving decked barge in launching caisson. When semi-diving decked barge is pulled in to shore with the stem being supported by the bearing abutment on shore or is supported by the underwater foundation beams, the caisson is pulled onto the barge and fixed. After the barge is pulled to preset waters, the ballast tanks are injected with water according to the semi-diving program so that the hull is inclined into water and the caisson is separated from the hull and is floated. Thus, the launching process is completed.
Description
The technical field of the invention is the sinking of caisson, particularly a kind of launching method of laud region prefabricated sinking caisson.
In the prior art, laud region prefabricated sinking caisson adopts water under following three kinds of methods usually:
1. water under the inclined slip rolling: at first caisson is dragged the oblique unwheeling of upper table surface level, discharge haulage cable by hoist engine then, caisson is in company with the oblique unwheeling slideway entry that blows slowly under water in the action of gravity lower edge, reaches after certain draft water under the caisson floating.This method needs to build the slideway under water that reaches rice surplus in the of 100 in advance and purchases special equipment such as oblique unwheeling, and investment is high, the preparation of construction phase is long.
2. floating dock delivery water down: at first caisson is dragged to floating dock at the bottom of the seat that bulkhead wall is connected on, floating dock draining floating is dragged to deepwater regions together with caisson and stays the position, floating dock water filling sinking then is sink to certain draft, water under the caisson floating.This method needs the high floating dock of acquisition price, equipment investment height and utilization rate is very low.
3. water under the crane ship handling: crane ship is put into water with caisson after bulkhead wall is sling, and this method need be purchased large-scale crane ship and build deep water port ground, and the capital cost on equipment and ground, port is very high and utilization rate is very low.
Purpose of the present invention will overcome the deficiencies in the prior art exactly, and provide a kind of and do not need large-scale special equipment, low, preparation of construction phase of investment is short and the launching method of the laud region prefabricated sinking caisson of suitable mobile construction.
Design of the present invention is to utilize the semi-submersible type barge with deck with water under the caisson delivery.Its scheme one is taken the bank method for the semi-submersible type barge with deck: but promptly select semi-submersible type barge with deck for use with bank-connecting bow, and be provided with the bow type at bulkhead wall and can on the cushion cap terrace, be provided with bearing for the rank shape cushion cap of its stop accordingly.Cushion cap can be constituted and be built with bulkhead wall and is one by concrete or steel concrete.Bearing can and be fixed on the cushion cap terrace with material such as shaped steel such as rail or cast steel or vulcanies.Water step is as follows down for it:
(1) the semi-submersible type barge with deck pulls in to shore: the barge offshore, and tentatively in place;
(2) stem is supported on the bulkhead wall bearing: the bow aft draft is adjusted in the barge water filling, when stem is higher than seating plane, moves ship positionning, when stem with after bearing contacts, the bow compartment water filling is seated on the bearing of bulkhead wall cushion cap stem, simultaneously with the barge leveling;
(3) caisson is gone on board: can adopt two kinds of methods, one, land, ship are all established the slideway that is made of shaped steel, both are in line in connection, treat that caisson transportation is seated at skid or takes turns chassis more after, drag or roll to drag and go on board with hoist engine traction is sliding; Its two, caisson is borrowed water cushion or the floating holder of air cushion, directly drags the boat deck with hoist engine, after caisson is gone on board, is fixed.
(4) barge floating offshore is dragged to selected waters: the draining of midship front deck makes ship floating bow offshore, then barge is dragged to selected waters, and this waters requires the seabed more smooth, and depth of water H must meet the following formula requirement:
H+h '+h "＜H≤Lsin α
Max+ (d-ctg α
Max) cos α
Max(1) in the formula: h-caisson drinking water (rice)
During h '-caisson floating at the bottom of the caisson to stem end vertical distance (rice)
h′＝(a＋t)sinα-lcosα＋f………………(2)
In the formula: a-caisson forward position to the stem end distance from (rice)
The b-caisson is along ship longitudinal length (rice)
The l-caisson is Bottom plate of sinkbox and boat deck vertical during floating not
Distance (rice)
F-surplus (rice)
α-semi-submersible type barge with deck diving inclination angle, be controlled at 20 ° with
In, it is enough accurate to utilize following formula to calculate:
L-semi-submersible type barge with deck deck entry length (rice)
α
MaxThe maximum diving inclination angle (degree) that-semi-submersible type barge with deck is allowed
D-semi-submersible type barge with deck moldeed depth (rice)
C-hull bottom knuckle is extended down to the fore-and-aft distance (rice) of stem
" the stem end is to water-bed vertical distance (rice) for h
h″＝(d－c·tgα)cosα………………………(4)
(5) water under the sink-float: dive the program requirement to the ballast tank water filling by barge half, hull tilts into the water, and its inclination angle must not be greater than α
Max, the ship case separates, and caisson floats in the water, tugs away, and launching caisson is finished;
(5) the barge floating is maked a return voyage: barge draining floating, traction are maked a return voyage and are carried out the next round operation.
Another program of the present invention is sat end method for the semi-submersible type barge with deck.When the caisson consumption is big, when littoral soil supporting layer was higher, the connected mode of ship and bulkhead wall adopted bottom-sitting type, selected for use intensity to satisfy the semi-submersible type barge with deck that can carry caisson when it sits the end.Grade beam is set at the bottom of littoral sea, and the semi-submersible type barge with deck is sat thereon.The length of grade beam is greater than the caisson bearing length, and position and caisson traction track, hull midfeather position are corresponding.The launching caisson step is:
(1) the semi-submersible type barge with deck pulls in to shore: the barge offshore, and tentatively in place;
(2) the semi-submersible type barge with deck is sat the end: the accurate contraposition of barge, and water filling is sunk, and is seated at water-bed grade beam;
(3) caisson is gone on board: take the bank method with the semi-submersible type barge with deck;
(4) barge floating offshore is dragged to selected waters: the ballast tank draining makes the horizontal floating of ship, is dragged to selected waters, and the technical requirements in this waters is taken the bank method with the semi-submersible type barge with deck;
(5) launching caisson: take the bank method with the semi-submersible type barge with deck;
(6) the barge floating is maked a return voyage: take the bank method with the semi-submersible type barge with deck.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage, the semi-submersible type barge with deck that is adopted maybe can be sat the end carrying caisson except that having the stem that can take bank, and all the other functions are the same with common semi-submersible type barge with deck, but the common barge with deck of double as uses, thereby utilization rate of equipment and installations height and amortization charge is low.Construction period is short, investment is low, and the scene system of temporarily will a giving bulkhead wall is done simple and easy processing, drags the semi-submersible type barge with deck can form the launching caisson ability.Especially in area away from ready-made caisson prediction field, disposable construction caisset formula hydraulic engineering, economic benefit is particularly remarkable.
Fig. 1 takes the bank schematic diagram for the rectangle stem.
Fig. 2 is a rectangle stem structural representation.
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a rail seat structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the caisson schematic diagram of going on board.
Fig. 6 is an iron forelock chassis schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 separates water conservancy project down for the caisson sink-float and makes schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 sits end schematic diagram for the semi-submersible type barge with deck.
Fig. 9 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 8.
Figure 10 is the C portion enlarged drawing of Fig. 6.
Wherein: 1-rectangle stem; 2-bearing: 3-inner vertical plate; The 4-top board; The 5-front end-plate; The 6-supporting clapboard; The 7-base plate; The 8-stiffener; The 9-rail; The 10-stone bolt; The 11-pressing plate; The 12-backing plate; The 13-caisson; 14-has the semi-submersible type barge with deck of bank-connecting bow; The 15-haulage cable; The 16-assembly pulley; The 17-hoisting rope; The 18-hoist engine; 19-bulkhead wall cushion cap; The 20-boat deck; The 21-track; 22-takes turns chassis more; 23-iron wedge; The 24-bolt; The 25-retainer; The 26-chock; The 27-grade beam; 28-gets in touch beam; 29-piece stone is safeguarded; The 30-riprap foundation; The 31-bulkhead wall; 32-porous nut; 33-semi-submersible type barge with deck.
Provide embodiments of the invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
For satisfying launching caisson requirement below 1200 tons, former 1500 tons of barge with deck to be widened, cargo dead-weight is brought up to 3000 tons by 1800 tons.Stem is transform as the rectangle stem that can take bank, as Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, take the casing of bank rectangle stem for being welded by front end-plate 5, top board 4, inner vertical plate 3, base plate 7 and biside plate, in be provided with supporting clapboard 6 longitudinally, be that stem bottom support place also is welded with stiffener 8 below the base plate 7, be connected as a single entity with former stem.Whole each position of ship hull all needs to check by various least favorable stresses, and Method for Checking is undertaken by Rules for the Construction of Sea-going Steel Ships.And, transform ballast tank according to dive program and requirement of strength, set up notes draining control and surveillance.Be provided with bulkhead wall cushion cap 19 and the bearing 2 that is complementary with stem at bulkhead wall, as shown in Figure 1.Bulkhead wall cushion cap 19 can be constituted and be built with bulkhead wall and is one by concrete or steel concrete, and bearing 2 can be with shaped steel or material such as cast steel or vulcanie such as rail, and are fixed on the terrace of bulkhead wall cushion cap.For example shown in Figure 4, rail 9 is fixed on by anchoring bolt 10, pressing plate 11, backing plate 12 on the terrace of bulkhead wall cushion cap 19 and promptly constitutes the rail bearing.When adopting the vulcanie bearing, should at first appraise and decide its compress variation, guarantee not influence that caisson is gone on board and smooth operation.On the ship bow part deck, be welded with long 18m, center to center distance 7.2m, by many wheels trolley track 21 that two groups of 40 * 200mm band steels constitute, land-based area is provided with the track that can join with it, as shown in Figure 5.
Launching caisson operation operating mode is:
Floating towage: wind speed≤13m/s wave height≤1m
Barge half is dived, caisson entry operation: wind speed≤13m/s
Flow velocity≤1m/s wave height≤1m
The launching caisson concrete steps are as follows:
(1) the semi-submersible type barge with deck vertically pulls in to shore: the vertical offshore of barge is tentatively in place.
(2) stem is supported on bulkhead wall bearing (as shown in Figure 1): the bow aft draft is adjusted in the barge water filling, when stem is higher than the bulkhead wall bearing 20cm left and right sides, moves ship positionning, and then water filling, make the bow end bearing in bulkhead wall cushion cap bearing, pressure maintains 100～200 tons therebetween, and with the barge leveling.
(3) caisson is gone on board: as shown in Figure 5, caisson 13 is seated on many wheel chassis 22, be seated on the track 21 with chassis, by haulage cable 15, assembly pulley 16, hoisting rope 17 is gone on board by 18 tractions of 10t hoist engine on the ship, as shown in Figure 6, caisson 13 is transported to the position of the retainer 25 that is fixed on track both sides, boat deck, retainer 25 is a Π shape, the upper surface is the inclined-plane, have the fixing hole more than two on it, retainer 25 is built-in with porous nut 32, throw into along inclined-plane, retainer upper end with the iron wedge 23 of opening slotted hole on it, penetrate porous nut 32 with the bolt more than two 24 again, the retainer fixing hole, in the corresponding fixing hole, that caisson 13 is fixing on iron wedge slotted hole and the many wheel chassis, as shown in figure 10.The bow offshore.Then barge is dragged to and gives selected earlier more smooth waters, seabed, cast anchor and stay the position.This water depth by formula (1) and formula (3) calculates and determines, wherein, and a=0.4m, f=0.2, α
Max=12 °, substitution formula (1) can get:
h＋(0.4＋b)sinα＋l＋0.2＋(d－c·tgα)cosα
≤H≤Lsin12°＋(d－c·tg12°)cos12°………………(5)
(5) water under the sink-float: dive the program requirement to the ballast tank water filling by barge half, hull tilts into the water, and as shown in Figure 7, its inclination alpha must not be greater than 12 °, and the ship case separates, and caisson floats in the water, tugs away, and launching caisson is finished.
(6) the barge floating is maked a return voyage: barge draining floating, and when freeboard reaches 0.5m when above, can traction make a return voyage and carry out the next round operation.
When the caisson consumption is big, when littoral soil supporting layer was higher, the connected mode of ship and bulkhead wall adopted bottom-sitting type.Select for use intensity to satisfy the semi-submersible type barge with deck that can carry caisson when it sits the end, as shown in Figure 8, grade beam 27 is set at the bottom of littoral sea, the semi-submersible type barge with deck is sat thereon.The design of grade beam is decided on beam base plinth situation.As Fig. 8, shown in Figure 9,, at the bottom of the beam riprap foundation 30 by flexible foundation design basis beam, behind the broken stone leveling, the reinforced concrete foundation beam 27 of the land fabrication that is laid on it, and safeguard that with piece stone 29 are fixed, also be provided with linking beam 28 between the per pass grade beam, grade beam is provided with chock 26.The length of grade beam 27 is greater than the bearing length of caisson 13, and position and caisson traction track, hull midfeather position are corresponding.Be the saving meter, the bedding of part beyond grade beam can be looked Hull Strength and structural strength and done simple and easy processing, satisfy the end requirement of hull seat and get final product.If littoral foundation of sea floor is basement rock, after the leveling, directly lay grade beam, with concrete under water gap under the beam is filled, can design by its bearing strength.Launching caisson step such as above-mentioned semi-submersible type barge with deck are sat end method.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of launching method of laud region prefabricated sinking caisson, it is characterized in that adopting the semi-submersible type barge with deck with water under the caisson delivery, following water step is: the semi-submersible type barge with deck is pulled in to shore and join with bulkhead wall to keep the deck concordant with land, be transported to caisson on the semi-submersible type barge with deck and be fixed, then barge with deck is dragged to selected waters, and this water depth H must meet the following formula requirement with smooth seabed:
H+h '+h "＜H≤Lsin α
Max+ (d-ctg α
Max) cos α
MaxIn the formula: h-caisson drinking water (rice)
During h '-caisson floating at the bottom of the caisson to stem end vertical distance (rice)
h′＝(a＋b)sinα＋lcosα＋f
In the formula: a-caisson forward position to the stem end distance from (rice)
The b-caisson is along ship longitudinal length (rice)
The l-caisson is Bottom plate of sinkbox and boat deck vertical during floating not
Distance (rice)
F-surplus (rice)
α-semi-submersible type barge with deck diving inclination angle (degree)
L-semi-submersible type barge with deck deck entry length (rice)
α
MaxThe maximum diving inclination angle (degree) that-semi-submersible type barge with deck is allowed
D-semi-submersible type barge with deck moldeed depth (rice)
C-hull bottom knuckle is extended down to the fore-and-aft distance (rice) of stem
" the stem end is to water-bed vertical distance (rice) for h
"=(d-ctg α) cos α dives the requirement of program to the ballast tank water filling by semi-submersible type barge with deck half to h, and hull tilts into the water, and the ship case separates, and caisson floats in the water, tugs away, promptly finishes launching caisson.
2, the launching method of a kind of laud region prefabricated sinking caisson according to claim 1, it is characterized in that its caisson go on board method in the land, ship all establishes the slideway that is made of shaped steel, both are in line in connection, after treating that caisson transportation is seated at skid or takes turns chassis more, drag or roll to drag and go on board and be fixed with hoist engine traction is sliding.
3, the launching method of a kind of laud region prefabricated sinking caisson according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the fixed form of caisson is: the position that caisson is transported to the retainer that is fixed on track both sides, boat deck, retainer is a Π shape, the upper surface is the inclined-plane, have the fixing hole more than two on it, retainer is built-in with the porous nut, throw into along inclined-plane, retainer upper end with the iron wedge of opening slotted hole on it, penetrate on porous nut, retainer fixing hole, iron wedge slotted hole and the many wheel chassis 22 in the corresponding fixing hole with the bolt more than two, caisson is fixed.
4, the launching method of a kind of laud region prefabricated sinking caisson according to claim 1 is characterized in that its caisson method of going on board is, caisson is borrowed water cushion or the floating holder of air cushion, directly drags the boat deck with hoist engine.
5, launching method according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 described a kind of laud region prefabricated sinking caissons, the connected mode that it is characterized in that semi-submersible type barge with deck and bulkhead wall adopts the semi-submersible type barge with deck to take the bank method, promptly select semi-submersible type barge with deck for use with bank-connecting bow, and bulkhead wall be provided with the bow type accordingly can be for the rank shape cushion cap of its stop, on the cushion cap terrace, be provided with bearing, during work, after barge with deck vertically pulls in to shore, the bow aft draft is adjusted in water filling, when stem is higher than seating plane, moves ship positionning, when stem with after bearing contacts, the bow compartment water filling is seated on the bearing of bulkhead wall cushion cap bank-connecting bow, simultaneously with the barge leveling.
6, the launching method of a kind of laud region prefabricated sinking caisson according to claim 5, it is characterized in that the bulkhead wall cushion cap is made of concrete or steel concrete and build being one with bulkhead wall, bearing is with shaped steel, as rail, or cast steel, or vulcanie is made and is fixed on the cushion cap terrace.
7, the launching method of a kind of laud region prefabricated sinking caisson according to claim 5, the vertical section that it is characterized in that bank-connecting bow is a rectangle, its structure is the box-shaped steel plate structure, be welded by front end-plate (5), top board (4), inner vertical plate (3), base plate (7) and biside plate, in be provided with supporting clapboard (6) longitudinally, be that stem bottom support place also is welded with stiffener (8) below the base plate (7).
8, according to the launching method of claim 1 or 2 or 4 described a kind of laud region prefabricated sinking caissons, the connected mode that it is characterized in that ship and bulkhead wall adopts bottom-sitting type, promptly select for use intensity to satisfy the semi-submersible type barge with deck that when it sits the end, can carry caisson, and grade beam is set at the bottom of littoral sea, the semi-submersible type barge with deck is sat thereon, during work, and the accurate contraposition of barge with deck, water filling is sunk, and is seated on the water-bed grade beam.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96106741 CN1093583C (en) | 1996-07-01 | 1996-07-01 | Launching method for laud region prefabricated sinking caisson |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96106741 CN1093583C (en) | 1996-07-01 | 1996-07-01 | Launching method for laud region prefabricated sinking caisson |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1143138A true CN1143138A (en) | 1997-02-19 |
| CN1093583C CN1093583C (en) | 2002-10-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96106741 Expired - Fee Related CN1093583C (en) | 1996-07-01 | 1996-07-01 | Launching method for laud region prefabricated sinking caisson |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100419164C (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2008-09-17 | 广东省航盛工程有限公司 | Method for moving large-scale heavy member to launch and float on water, and member mounting method |
| CN100442014C (en) * | 2005-04-14 | 2008-12-10 | 上海交通大学 | Caisson slope trend predicting system for unmanned air pressure caisson working |
| CN101476282B (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2010-11-17 | 中铁大桥局集团第一工程有限公司 | Construction method for long, large and heavy component in river |
| CN103898921A (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2014-07-02 | 中铁港航局集团深圳工程有限公司 | Caisson binding floating transportation construction method |
| CN104787265A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2015-07-22 | 江苏韩通船舶重工有限公司 | Semi-submersible barge side launching method |
| CN106677258A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-05-17 | 中交第三航务工程局有限公司 | Installing process of offshore water taking head caisson of power plant |
| CN106882345A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-06-23 | 青岛永泰船舶用品有限公司 | A kind of method in the upper and lower water ship of floating building berth or carrying barge deck |
| CN113622444A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-09 | 中交四航局第二工程有限公司 | Method for manufacturing caisson by utilizing deep and shallow dock and realizing water loading barge |
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| KR100623201B1 (en) * | 2004-12-13 | 2006-09-14 | Stx조선주식회사 | A Method for Shipbuilding on the ground and Launching Ships Using a Skid Launching System |
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- 1996-07-01 CN CN 96106741 patent/CN1093583C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100442014C (en) * | 2005-04-14 | 2008-12-10 | 上海交通大学 | Caisson slope trend predicting system for unmanned air pressure caisson working |
| CN100419164C (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2008-09-17 | 广东省航盛工程有限公司 | Method for moving large-scale heavy member to launch and float on water, and member mounting method |
| CN101476282B (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2010-11-17 | 中铁大桥局集团第一工程有限公司 | Construction method for long, large and heavy component in river |
| CN103898921A (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2014-07-02 | 中铁港航局集团深圳工程有限公司 | Caisson binding floating transportation construction method |
| CN103898921B (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2016-07-06 | 中铁港航局集团深圳工程有限公司 | A kind of caisson is tied up by transportation by driving construction method |
| CN104787265A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2015-07-22 | 江苏韩通船舶重工有限公司 | Semi-submersible barge side launching method |
| CN106677258A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-05-17 | 中交第三航务工程局有限公司 | Installing process of offshore water taking head caisson of power plant |
| CN106882345A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-06-23 | 青岛永泰船舶用品有限公司 | A kind of method in the upper and lower water ship of floating building berth or carrying barge deck |
| CN106882345B (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-07-10 | 青岛永泰船舶用品有限公司 | A kind of method of the water ship above and below floating building berth or carrying barge deck |
| CN113622444A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-09 | 中交四航局第二工程有限公司 | Method for manufacturing caisson by utilizing deep and shallow dock and realizing water loading barge |
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