CN114310027A - Cr-Ni-Mo series flux-cored wire and preparation method of low-alloy high-strength steel - Google Patents

Cr-Ni-Mo series flux-cored wire and preparation method of low-alloy high-strength steel Download PDF

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CN114310027A
CN114310027A CN202111572427.5A CN202111572427A CN114310027A CN 114310027 A CN114310027 A CN 114310027A CN 202111572427 A CN202111572427 A CN 202111572427A CN 114310027 A CN114310027 A CN 114310027A
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CN114310027B (en
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张敏
王新宝
高俊
张志强
朱子越
李毅
刘峻青
刘智博
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Xian University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a Cr-Ni-Mo flux-cored wire, which comprises a flux core and a steel sheet, wherein the flux core comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3.00 percent of ferrotitanium powder, 10 to 18 percent of nickel powder, 6 to 15 percent of chromium powder, 1 to 5 percent of molybdenum powder, 1 percent of aluminum-magnesium powder, 0.05 percent of boron powder and Ce2O30.2 percent of iron powder and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent. The Cr-Ni-Mo flux-cored wire is used for manufacturing low-strength and high-strength steel of a fan impeller; also discloses a preparation method of the low-alloy high-strength steel under the condition of using the welding wire; the examples prove that the flux-cored wire has excellent comprehensive performance, the efficiency of preparing the low-alloy high-strength steel by adopting the welding wire additive manufacturing process is improved, and the raw materialsLess waste and environment-friendly.

Description

Cr-Ni-Mo series flux-cored wire and preparation method of low-alloy high-strength steel
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electric arc additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a Cr-Ni-Mo flux-cored wire.
The invention also relates to a preparation method of the low-alloy high-strength steel.
Background
Cr-Ni-Mo series high-strength alloy steel is widely applied as engineering structural steel in many economic directions in China mainly because of high strength, low cost and good cold and hot processing formability.
At present, the Cr-Ni-Mo series high-strength alloy steel is mainly manufactured by the traditional material reduction method in China, so that the material waste is serious and the method has a plurality of defects. The electric arc additive manufacturing technology has the advantages of short processing time, low required investment and capability of integrally processing and forming parts. At present, the traditional welding wires are adopted for the electric arc additive manufacturing, the coarsening of crystal grains is serious, and the mechanical property has obvious anisotropy. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop research on the evolution of metallic flux-cored welding materials and deposited metal structures for the arc additive manufacturing of Cr — Ni — Mo high-strength alloy steels.
The low alloy steel is widely applied to large parts with large load and large bearing interface, such as steam turbine decks and fan impellers, due to a series of excellent characteristics of high strength, high toughness and the like. However, the traditional manufacturing method has a series of defects of serious raw material waste, low processing efficiency and the like, so that research on the novel flux-cored wire for electric arc additive manufacturing for manufacturing low-alloy high-strength steel is of great significance to large-scale industrial industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a Cr-Ni-Mo flux-cored wire which is used for realizing additive manufacturing of excellent low-alloy high-strength steel.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a low alloy, high strength steel.
The first technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the Cr-Ni-Mo flux-cored wire comprises a flux core and a steel sheet, wherein the flux core specifically comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3.00 percent of ferrotitanium powder, 10 to 18 percent of nickel powder, 6 to 15 percent of chromium powder, 1 to 5 percent of molybdenum powder, 1 percent of aluminum-magnesium powder, 0.05 percent of boron powder and Ce2O30.2 percent of iron powder and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent.
The first technical scheme of the invention is also characterized in that:
wherein the steel sheet is low-carbon steel.
Wherein the filling amount of the flux-cored powder in the flux-cored wire is 18-24 wt.%.
The second technical scheme of the invention is that the preparation method of the low-alloy high-strength steel adopts a Cr-Ni-Mo series flux-cored wire and is implemented by the following steps:
step 1, weighing 3.00 percent of ferrotitanium powder, 10 to 18 percent of nickel powder, 6 to 15 percent of chromium powder, 1 to 5 percent of molybdenum powder, 1 percent of aluminum magnesium powder, 0.05 percent of boron powder and Ce according to mass percentage2O30.2 percent of iron powder and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent; uniformly mixing and drying the weighed alloy powder of each component;
step 2, rolling the low-carbon steel strip into a U-shaped welding strip through a wire drawing machine, filling the mixed gold powder obtained in the step 1 into the U-shaped welding strip, and rolling the mixed gold powder into an O-shaped welding wire along with the wire drawing machine; cleaning the surface of the welding wire by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and reducing the diameter of the rough welding wire to obtain the welding wire with the required diameter;
and 3, placing the welding wire obtained in the step 2 in welding equipment, performing electric arc additive manufacturing layer by layer, cooling, and obtaining the required low-alloy high-strength steel after surfacing is completed.
The second technical scheme of the invention is also characterized in that:
wherein the drying temperature in the drying process of the step l is 250-300 ℃, and the drying time is 2.5 h;
wherein MAG welding is adopted in the welding process of the step 3, and the protective gas is 90% Ar + 10% CO2A gas;
wherein the welding mode of the step 3 adopts single-pass or swing arc deposition;
wherein the welding process parameters in the step 3 are as follows: the welding current is 165A-175A, the welding voltage is 21V-23V, and the welding speed is 0.10 m/min-0.20 m/min;
wherein the cooling process in the step 3 adopts a temperature control principle, the interlayer temperature is controlled to be 120-220 ℃, and the height of each layer is 2.5-4.5 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the Cr-Ni-Mo flux-cored wire has the following beneficial effects:
1. compared with a solid welding wire, the flux-cored welding wire for additive manufacturing is a metal flux-cored welding wire, the production process is simple, the period is short, the components are simple and easy to control, the cost is low, the heat transmission efficiency is higher in the welding process of the welding wire, and the cladding rate is higher;
2. in the flux-cored wire, Cr element can play a good solid solution strengthening role on alloy steel, the tensile strength of the steel is improved, the hardenability of the alloy steel can be increased, the activity of carbon can be reduced due to the existence of Cr, the difficulty of carbon diffusion is increased, and the nucleation and growth of acicular ferrite are hindered; ni is generally used for improving the low-temperature impact toughness of weld metal; mn can also reduce the cooling phase transition temperature of an austenite structure, and a proper amount of Mn element is added into weld metal to facilitate the formation of martensite and acicular ferrite structures and inhibit the generation of coarse FSP and PF; si and Mn can generate combined deoxidation effect, so that excessive oxidation burning loss of Mn during welding is avoided, and meanwhile, the oxygen content in a welding seam can be reduced, and the strength of deposited metal is ensured; the Mo element has the functions of improving hardenability, solid solution strengthening and delaying phase change and recrystallization.
3. The Cr-Ni-Mo flux-cored wire is used for additive manufacturing, has excellent forming quality and smaller smoke arc light, and has important significance for environmental protection.
The preparation method of the low-alloy high-strength steel has the following beneficial effects that:
1. the traditional manufacturing process has serious material waste, and the material yield is less than 13 percent by adopting CNC processing; the production period is long, the shape of the curved surface of the impeller blade is complex, and the processing time is long; the blade is welded with the wheel disc by adopting manual electric arc welding, and the joint is easy to crack in the service process; longer CNC processing time, increased impeller manufacturing cost and the like. The electric arc additive manufacturing has extremely low input-to-waste ratio, and the parts manufactured by the method have the advantages of high density, good bonding strength and the like;
2. the electric arc additive manufacturing has the advantages of high deposition efficiency, low equipment cost and the like, and the development of the electric arc additive manufacturing can powerfully promote the low consumption, the greenness and the short period of the production of industrial products and become an important foothold of future industrial innovation;
3. the Cr-Ni-Mo flux-cored wire is adopted for additive manufacturing, the welded seam is excellent in forming after welding, and the surface of the welded seam has the defects of luster, no air-hole welding slag and the like. MAG welding is adopted, and the protective gas is 90% Ar and 10% CO2The splashing in the welding process can be greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microstructure diagram of a low alloy high strength steel prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a microstructure diagram of a low alloy high strength steel prepared in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a microstructure diagram of a low alloy high strength steel prepared in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a microstructure diagram of a low alloy high strength steel prepared in example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a microstructure diagram of a low alloy high strength steel prepared in example 5 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a Cr-Ni-Mo flux-cored wire for additive manufacturing, which comprises a flux core and a steel strip, wherein the flux core consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 3.00 percent of ferrotitanium powder, 10 to 18 percent of nickel powder, 6 to 15 percent of chromium powder, 1 to 5 percent of molybdenum powder, 1 percent of aluminum-magnesium powder, 0.05 percent of boron powder and Ce2O30.2 percent of iron powder and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent; the steel strip material is a low-carbon steel strip; the alloy powder filling rate is 18-24 wt.%;
the flux-cored wire comprises the following components in function and function:
the Cr element can play a good solid solution strengthening role on the alloy steel, improve the tensile strength of the steel, increase the hardenability of the alloy steel, reduce the carbon activity due to the existence of the Cr element, increase the difficulty of carbon diffusion and block the nucleation and growth of acicular ferrite;
the Ni element is generally used for improving the low-temperature impact toughness of the weld metal;
the boron in the steel mainly has the function of increasing the hardenability of the steel, so that the comprehensive performance of the steel after tempering is improved, and the problem of mechanical property reduction caused by special thermal cycle and accumulation process of additive manufacturing can be greatly improved;
the Mn element can also reduce the cooling phase transition temperature of an austenite structure, and a proper amount of Mn element is added into weld metal to facilitate the formation of martensite and acicular ferrite structures and inhibit the generation of coarse FSP and PF;
si and Mn can generate combined deoxidation effect, so that excessive oxidation burning loss of Mn during welding is avoided, and meanwhile, the oxygen content in a welding seam can be reduced, and the strength of deposited metal is ensured;
the Mo element has the functions of improving hardenability, solid solution strengthening and delaying phase change and recrystallization.
The addition of rare earth elements can play a role in purifying and deteriorating the welding seam.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the low-alloy high-strength steel, which is used for preparing the low-alloy high-strength steel by adopting the Cr-Ni-Mo flux-cored wire for additive manufacturing and comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, weighing 3.00 percent of ferrotitanium powder, 10 to 18 percent of nickel powder, 6 to 15 percent of chromium powder, 1 to 5 percent of molybdenum powder, 1 percent of aluminum magnesium powder, 0.05 percent of boron powder and Ce according to mass percentage2O30.2 percent of iron powder and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent; then uniformly mixing and drying the weighed alloy powder, wherein the drying temperature is 250-300 ℃, and the drying time is 2.5-3 h;
step 2, rolling the low-carbon steel strip into a U-shaped welding strip through a wire drawing machine, filling the dry mixed alloy powder obtained in the step 1 into the U-shaped welding strip, and rolling the dry mixed alloy powder into an O-shaped welding wire along with the wire drawing machine; then, cleaning the surface of the welding wire by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and reducing the diameter of the rough welding wire to obtain the welding wire with the required diameter; and finally, removing oil contamination impurities on the surface of the welding wire by using absolute ethyl alcohol.
Step 3, placing the welding wire obtained in the step 2 into welding equipment, adopting MAG welding, single-pass deposition or swing arc deposition, and using 90% Ar + 10% CO as protective gas2And performing electric arc additive manufacturing layer by layer and cooling, controlling the interlayer temperature at 120-220 ℃, controlling the height of each layer to be 2.5-4.5 mm, and obtaining the required low-alloy high-strength steel after surfacing welding is completed.
Example 1
Step 1, weighing 3.00 percent of ferrotitanium powder, 12 percent of nickel powder, 8 percent of chromium powder, 2 percent of molybdenum powder, 1 percent of aluminum-magnesium powder, 0.05 percent of boron powder and Ce according to mass percentage2O30.2 percent of iron powder and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent;
step 2, uniformly mixing and drying the alloy powder weighed in the step 1, wherein the drying temperature is 250-300 ℃, and the drying time is 2.5 hours, so as to obtain the required alloy powder;
step 3, rolling a low-carbon steel strip with the width of 6mm and the thickness of 0.2mm into a U-shaped welding strip through a wire drawing machine, filling the dry mixed alloy powder obtained in the step 1 into the U-shaped welding strip, and rolling the U-shaped welding strip with the wire drawing machine into an O-shaped welding wire with the diameter of 2.6mm, wherein the alloy powder filling rate is controlled to be 18 wt%; then, cleaning the surface of the welding wire by using absolute ethyl alcohol, reducing the diameter of the rough welding wire to obtain a welding wire with the diameter of 1.2mm, and preparing low-alloy high-strength steel; finally, removing oil contamination impurities on the surface of the welding wire by using absolute ethyl alcohol;
step 4, placing the welding wire obtained in the step 3 into welding equipment, adopting MAG welding, single-pass deposition or swing arc deposition, and using 90% Ar + 10% CO as protective gas2Performing electric arc additive manufacturing layer by layer and cooling, controlling the interlayer temperature at 120-220 ℃, and controlling the height of each layer to be 2.5-4.5 mm, and obtaining the required low-alloy high-strength steel after surfacing welding is completed;
and (3) stacking a thin-wall part with the height of about 55mm and the length of about 150mm, and performing a mechanical property test. The test result shows that the yield strength is 585.68Mpa, the tensile strength is 601.87Mpa, the impact energy is 6J, the strength is in accordance with expectation, the impact energy is close to the annealing state level of the forge piece, the microstructure is shown in figure 1, the microstructure consists of granular bainite and ferrite, the microstructure is uniform, and the toughness is good; the microstructure and the mechanical property show that the low-alloy high-strength steel has excellent comprehensive performance and is suitable for fan impellers.
Example 2
Step 1, weighing 3.00 percent of ferrotitanium powder, 10 percent of nickel powder, 6 percent of chromium powder, 1 percent of molybdenum powder, 1 percent of aluminum-magnesium powder, 0.05 percent of boron powder and Ce according to mass percentage2O30.2 percent of iron powder and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent;
step 2, uniformly mixing and drying the alloy powder weighed in the step 1, wherein the drying temperature is 250-300 ℃, and the drying time is 2.5 hours, so as to obtain the required alloy powder;
step 3, rolling a low-carbon steel strip with the width of 6mm and the thickness of 0.2mm into a U-shaped welding strip through a wire drawing machine, filling the dry mixed alloy powder obtained in the step 1 into the U-shaped welding strip, and rolling the U-shaped welding strip with the wire drawing machine into an O-shaped welding wire with the diameter of 2.6mm, wherein the alloy powder filling rate is controlled to be 18 wt%; then, cleaning the surface of the welding wire by using absolute ethyl alcohol, reducing the diameter of the rough welding wire to obtain a welding wire with the diameter of 1.2mm, and preparing low-alloy high-strength steel; finally, removing oil contamination impurities on the surface of the welding wire by using absolute ethyl alcohol;
step 4, placing the welding wire obtained in the step 3 into welding equipment, adopting MAG welding, single-pass deposition or swing arc deposition, and using 90% Ar + 10% CO as protective gas2Performing electric arc additive manufacturing layer by layer and cooling, controlling the interlayer temperature at 120-220 ℃, and controlling the height of each layer to be 2.5-4.5 mm, and obtaining the required low-alloy high-strength steel after surfacing welding is completed;
and (3) stacking a thin-wall part with the height of about 55mm and the length of about 150mm, and performing a mechanical property test. The test result shows that the yield strength is 635.34Mpa, the tensile strength is 758.33Mpa, the impact energy is 46J, the strength is in accordance with expectation, the impact energy is close to the annealing state level of the forge piece, the microstructure is shown in figure 2, the microstructure consists of granular bainite and a small amount of ferrite, the microstructure is uniform, and the toughness is good; the microstructure and the mechanical property show that the low-alloy high-strength steel has excellent comprehensive performance and is suitable for fan impellers.
Example 3
Step 1, weighing 3.00 percent of ferrotitanium powder, 14 percent of nickel powder, 10 percent of chromium powder, 3 percent of molybdenum powder, 1 percent of aluminum-magnesium powder, 0.05 percent of boron powder and Ce according to mass percentage2O30.2 percent of iron powder and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent;
step 2, uniformly mixing and drying the alloy powder weighed in the step 1, wherein the drying temperature is 250-300 ℃, and the drying time is 3 hours to obtain the required alloy powder;
step 3, rolling a low-carbon steel strip with the width of 6mm and the thickness of 0.2mm into a U-shaped welding strip through a wire drawing machine, filling the dry mixed alloy powder obtained in the step 1 into the U-shaped welding strip, and rolling the U-shaped welding strip with the wire drawing machine into an O-shaped welding wire with the diameter of 2.6mm, wherein the alloy powder filling rate is controlled to be 18 wt%; then, cleaning the surface of the welding wire by using absolute ethyl alcohol, reducing the diameter of the rough welding wire to obtain a welding wire with the diameter of 1.2mm, and preparing low-alloy high-strength steel; finally, removing oil contamination impurities on the surface of the welding wire by using absolute ethyl alcohol;
step 4, placing the welding wire obtained in the step 3 into welding equipment, adopting MAG welding, single-pass deposition or swing arc deposition, and using 90% Ar + 10% CO as protective gas2Performing electric arc additive manufacturing layer by layer and cooling, controlling the interlayer temperature at 120-220 ℃, and controlling the height of each layer to be 2.5-4.5 mm, and obtaining the required low-alloy high-strength steel after surfacing welding is completed;
and (3) stacking a thin-wall part with the height of about 55mm and the length of about 150mm, and performing a mechanical property test. The test result shows that the yield strength is 724.12Mpa, the tensile strength is 781.60Mpa, the impact energy is 65J, the strength accords with expectation, the impact energy is close to the annealing state level of the forge piece, the microstructure is shown in figure 3, the microstructure consists of granular bainite and a small amount of ferrite, the microstructure is uniform, and the toughness is good; the microstructure and the mechanical property show that the low-alloy high-strength steel has excellent comprehensive performance and is suitable for fan impellers.
Example 4
Step 1, weighing 3.00 percent of ferrotitanium powder, 16 percent of nickel powder, 12 percent of chromium powder, 4 percent of molybdenum powder, 1 percent of aluminum-magnesium powder, 0.05 percent of boron powder and Ce according to mass percentage2O30.2 percent of iron powder and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent;
step 2, uniformly mixing and drying the alloy powder weighed in the step 1, wherein the drying temperature is 250-300 ℃, and the drying time is 3 hours to obtain the required alloy powder;
step 3, rolling a low-carbon steel strip with the width of 6mm and the thickness of 0.2mm into a U-shaped welding strip through a wire drawing machine, filling the dry mixed alloy powder obtained in the step 1 into the U-shaped welding strip, and rolling the U-shaped welding strip with the wire drawing machine into an O-shaped welding wire with the diameter of 2.6mm, wherein the alloy powder filling rate is controlled to be 18 wt%; then, cleaning the surface of the welding wire by using absolute ethyl alcohol, reducing the diameter of the rough welding wire to obtain a welding wire with the diameter of 1.2mm, and preparing low-alloy high-strength steel; finally, removing oil contamination impurities on the surface of the welding wire by using absolute ethyl alcohol;
step 4, placing the welding wire obtained in the step 3 into welding equipment, adopting MAG welding, single-pass deposition or swing arc deposition, and using 90% Ar + 10% CO as protective gas2Performing electric arc additive manufacturing layer by layer and cooling, controlling the interlayer temperature at 120-220 ℃, and controlling the height of each layer to be 2.5-4.5 mm, and obtaining the required low-alloy high-strength steel after surfacing welding is completed;
and (3) stacking a thin-wall part with the height of about 55mm and the length of about 150mm, and performing a mechanical property test. The test result shows that the yield strength is 663.48Mpa, the tensile strength is 756.33 Mpa, the impact energy is 52J, the strength is in accordance with expectation, the impact energy is close to the annealing state level of the forge piece, the microstructure is shown in figure 3, the microstructure consists of granular bainite and a small amount of ferrite, the microstructure is uniform, and the toughness is better; the microstructure and the mechanical property show that the low-alloy high-strength steel has excellent comprehensive performance and is suitable for fan impellers.
Example 5
Step 1, weighing 3.00 percent of ferrotitanium powder, 18 percent of nickel powder, 15 percent of chromium powder, 5 percent of molybdenum powder, 1 percent of aluminum-magnesium powder, 0.05 percent of boron powder and Ce according to mass percentage2O30.2 percent of iron powder and the balance of the componentsThe sum of the percentages is 100 percent;
step 2, uniformly mixing and drying the alloy powder weighed in the step 1, wherein the drying temperature is 250-300 ℃, and the drying time is 3 hours to obtain the required alloy powder;
step 3, rolling a low-carbon steel strip with the width of 6mm and the thickness of 0.2mm into a U-shaped welding strip through a wire drawing machine, filling the dry mixed alloy powder obtained in the step 1 into the U-shaped welding strip, and rolling the U-shaped welding strip with the wire drawing machine into an O-shaped welding wire with the diameter of 2.6mm, wherein the alloy powder filling rate is controlled to be 18 wt%; then, cleaning the surface of the welding wire by using absolute ethyl alcohol, reducing the diameter of the rough welding wire to obtain a welding wire with the diameter of 1.2mm, and preparing low-alloy high-strength steel; finally, removing oil contamination impurities on the surface of the welding wire by using absolute ethyl alcohol;
step 4, placing the welding wire obtained in the step 3 into welding equipment, adopting MAG welding, single-pass deposition or swing arc deposition, and using 90% Ar + 10% CO as protective gas2Performing electric arc additive manufacturing layer by layer and cooling, controlling the interlayer temperature at 120-220 ℃, and controlling the height of each layer to be 2.5-4.5 mm, and obtaining the required low-alloy high-strength steel after surfacing welding is completed;
and (3) stacking a thin-wall part with the height of about 55mm and the length of about 150mm, and performing a mechanical property test. The test result shows that the yield strength is 683.79Mpa, the tensile strength is 745.26Mpa, the impact energy is 55J, the strength is in accordance with expectation, the impact energy is close to the annealing state level of the forge piece, the microstructure is shown in figure 3, the microstructure consists of granular bainite and a small amount of ferrite, the microstructure is uniform, and the toughness is good; the microstructure and the mechanical property show that the low-alloy high-strength steel has excellent comprehensive performance and is suitable for fan impellers.

Claims (9)

  1. The Cr-Ni-Mo flux-cored wire is characterized by comprising a flux core and a steel sheet, wherein the flux core specifically comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3.00 percent of ferrotitanium powder, 10 to 18 percent of nickel powder, 6 to 15 percent of chromium powder, 1 to 5 percent of molybdenum powder, 1 percent of aluminum-magnesium powder, 0.05 percent of boron powder and Ce2O30.2 percent of iron powder and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent.
  2. 2. The Cr-Ni-Mo flux-cored wire of claim 1, wherein the steel sheet is a low-carbon steel.
  3. 3. The Cr-Ni-Mo flux-cored wire of claim 1, wherein a filling amount of the flux-cored powder in the flux-cored wire is 18 wt.% to 24 wt.%.
  4. 4. The preparation method of the low-alloy high-strength steel adopts the Cr-Ni-Mo flux-cored wire of claims 1-3, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
    step 1, weighing 3.00 percent of ferrotitanium powder, 10 to 18 percent of nickel powder, 6 to 15 percent of chromium powder, 1 to 5 percent of molybdenum powder, 1 percent of aluminum magnesium powder, 0.05 percent of boron powder and Ce according to mass percentage2O30.2 percent of iron powder and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent; uniformly mixing and drying the weighed alloy powder of each component;
    step 2, rolling the low-carbon steel strip into a U-shaped welding strip through a wire drawing machine, filling the mixed gold powder obtained in the step 1 into the U-shaped welding strip, and rolling the mixed gold powder into an O-shaped welding wire along with the wire drawing machine; cleaning the surface of the welding wire by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and reducing the diameter of the rough welding wire to obtain the welding wire with the required diameter;
    and 3, placing the welding wire obtained in the step 2 in welding equipment, performing electric arc additive manufacturing layer by layer, cooling, and obtaining the required low-alloy high-strength steel after surfacing is completed.
  5. 5. The method for preparing the low-alloy high-strength steel according to claim 4, wherein the drying temperature in the drying process of the step l is 250-300 ℃, and the drying time is 2.5 h.
  6. 6. The method for preparing the low-alloy high-strength steel as claimed in claim 4, wherein the welding process of the step 3 adopts MAG welding, and the shielding gas is 90% Ar + 10% CO2A gas.
  7. 7. The method for preparing the low-alloy high-strength steel as claimed in claim 4, wherein the welding mode in the step 3 is single pass or swing arc deposition.
  8. 8. The method for preparing the low-alloy high-strength steel as claimed in claim 4, wherein the welding process parameters in the step 3 are as follows: the welding current is 165A-175A, the welding voltage is 21V-23V, and the welding speed is 0.10 m/min-0.20 m/min.
  9. 9. The method for preparing the low-alloy high-strength steel as recited in claim 4, wherein the cooling process in the step 3 adopts a temperature control principle, the interlayer temperature is controlled to be 120-220 ℃, and the height of each layer is 2.5-4.5 mm.
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