CN114309977A - Laser cutting method for ultrahigh-strength porous thin-wall skin - Google Patents
Laser cutting method for ultrahigh-strength porous thin-wall skin Download PDFInfo
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- CN114309977A CN114309977A CN202111592498.1A CN202111592498A CN114309977A CN 114309977 A CN114309977 A CN 114309977A CN 202111592498 A CN202111592498 A CN 202111592498A CN 114309977 A CN114309977 A CN 114309977A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000797 Ultra-high-strength steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a laser cutting method of an ultrahigh-strength porous thin-wall skin, which solves the problems that radial gas channel holes on the cylindrical surface of the skin after laser cutting, the circumferential distance among screw holes and the size of the hole diameter change greatly due to spinning, heat treatment processes and the like, the circumferential coating of the gas channel holes is not in place, and screws on two sides of a through seam cannot be screwed in the skin assembly. The skin laser cutting process method adopts step-by-step laser cutting forming, and comprises the following steps: the first clamping horizontal cutting through seam and the axial total length, the process step two: and (3) clamping and vertically cutting the radial gas channel hole and the screw hole for the second time, and matching by adopting a shaping tool, a compressing tool and a tensioning tool during the second clamping. Through clamping in times and processing step by step, the hole site deviation between the radial gas channel hole on the skin, the screw hole and the rail control device is not influenced by the inner diameter after spinning, the roundness after heat treatment and the like, the assembly precision of the annular hole is greatly improved, and the quality qualified rate of the skin is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solid rocket engine skins, and relates to a laser cutting method of an ultrahigh-strength porous thin-wall skin for a rail control device.
Background
The solid rocket engine orbit control device has a complex structure, the surface of the solid rocket engine orbit control device is irregular, and a layer of skin is required to be coated on the outer side of the orbit control device in order to ensure that the engine has good aerodynamic appearance and thermal load resistance in the flying process.
The skin is made of ultra-high strength steel, is spun into a thin-wall cylinder, and is quenched and strengthened in mechanical property through heat treatment. Structurally, the skin is a thin-wall cylinder, and radial gas channel holes are annularly distributed on the cylindrical surface of the skin according to the arrangement condition of the rail control device spray pipe structure. Meanwhile, in order to meet the assembling and installing requirements, a penetrating seam is arranged along the longitudinal direction, and radial screw installing holes are arranged on the cylindrical surfaces of two sides of the seam. When the skin is installed, the skin is broken off along the longitudinal through seam, the rail control device is sleeved into the skin from the side, the inner surface of the skin is attached to the rail control device, and the skin is fixed on the rail control device through screws.
At present, gas passage holes, screw holes and penetrating seams on the skin are formed by wire cutting and laser cutting. The processing process and the method are as follows: 1) firstly, selecting a linear cutting process to process the axial size of the thin-wall cylinder body after heat treatment in place; 2) and then the inner supports at the two ends of the thin-wall cylinder body with the proper axial size are fixed, and a laser cutting process is selected to clamp and fix the cylinder body at one time to finish the processing of a gas channel hole, a screw hole and a through seam.
Under the existing process method, radial gas channel holes, screw holes and penetrating seams on the skin are all machined by one-time clamping, the circumferential distance between the radial holes is influenced by the size of the inner diameter of the spinning cylinder, and the circumferential distance deviation between the radial holes is larger due to the larger tolerance of the inner diameter of the spinning cylinder limited by the spinning process; meanwhile, the thin-wall cylinder body has poor ovality and local roundness of an inner hole due to heat treatment, and the problem of poor rigidity exists during cutting, so that the diameter of the cut hole has deviation. The requirements on the size precision of the gas channel position and the screw hole installation position of the rail control device are high, and when the rail control device is integrally assembled, the installation problems that the circumferential coating of the skin gas channel hole is not in place and the screws on two sides of the penetrating seam cannot be screwed in occur at a probability of over 80 percent.
In view of the above, improvements in the laser cutting process of ultra-high strength porous skins are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the defects in the prior art are overcome, the ultrahigh-strength porous thin-wall skin laser cutting method is provided, the problem that the circumferential deviation influence exists among the radial hole positions of the skin subjected to laser cutting due to spinning and heat treatment processes is solved, and the assembly problem caused by the circumferential deviation of the hole positions is solved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for cutting an ultrahigh-strength porous thin-wall skin by laser comprises the following steps:
firstly, fixing the axial end faces of the thin-walled cylinder part subjected to heat treatment quenching strengthening on a central mandrel by using disk sheets, horizontally processing by using a laser cutting machine, clamping and fixing one end of the mandrel by using a three-jaw chuck of the machine tool, clamping and fixing the other end of the mandrel by using a tail top of the machine tool, and sequentially processing a through seam, process holes on two sides of the through seam and the axial total length of a skin by using a laser cutting method after clamping and fixing;
step two, the thin-wall cylindrical part processed in place in the axial total length dimension is broken off along the axial through seam, sleeved into a shaping tool and fixed in the annular direction;
a plurality of pressing tools are circumferentially and uniformly distributed at two ends of the skin, the pressing tools tightly press and attach the inner surface of the skin to the shaping tool, and the influence of roundness deformation after heat treatment is reduced;
after the pressing tool is installed, tensioning tools are installed on two sides of the through seam, the skin is tightened and fixed on the shaping tool, and the influence of an assembly gap is reduced;
and step three, after the clamping in the step two is finished, directly and vertically fixing the shaping tool on the table top of the laser cutting machine tool along the axial direction by using a pressing plate, and vertically processing the laser cutting machine tool to sequentially finish processing radial gas channel holes and screw holes at two sides of the through seam.
In the first step, continuous points are prefabricated on a cutting line in the laser cutting process, so that the workpiece is guaranteed to be free from breakage.
In the first step, after laser cutting is finished, the workpiece is disassembled, cutting excess materials are removed, and the cutting part is polished to remove burrs.
In the second step, the shaping tool is of a cylindrical structure, a processing avoiding hole is designed in an annular mode, and the outer diameter of the shaping tool is formed through finish machining and is consistent with the outer diameter of the rail control device.
And in the second step, a process positioning hole is processed at a position, close to the end face of the skin, of one side of the through seam, a tool positioning hole is processed at a corresponding position on the shaping tool, and when the skin and the shaping tool are annularly fixed, the pin penetrates through the process positioning hole and the tool positioning hole to realize annular positioning.
In the second step, each set of pressing tool comprises two inner hexagon screws, a fixed block and a fitting block;
the fixing block is of a cuboid solid structure and is provided with a threaded hole and a through hole, the fitting block is of a cuboid frame structure, the upper surface of the fitting block is provided with the through hole, the fitting block is sleeved outside the fixing block in the radial direction during installation, the fixing block is fixed on the shaping tool by a hexagon socket head cap screw penetrating through the through hole in the fixing block, the other hexagon socket head cap screw penetrating through the through hole in the fitting block is screwed into the threaded hole in the fixing block, and the head of a screw is screwed to extend out to abut against the fitting block so as to tightly press the fitting block on the outer cylindrical surface of the skin;
the contact surface of the fixed block and the shaping tool is a cambered surface, and the contact surface of the fitting block and the outer cylindrical surface of the skin is a cambered surface.
The pressing tools on the side of the process positioning hole are installed firstly, and then the other pressing tools are installed in sequence along the circumferential direction of the thin-wall cylindrical part;
and the pressing tools at the two ends of the thin-wall cylindrical part are simultaneously installed.
In the second step, three groups of tensioning tool mounting hole groups are processed at the upper end, the lower end and the middle part of the skin, each group of tensioning tool mounting hole groups comprises two tensioning tool mounting holes, and the two tensioning tool mounting holes are positioned at two sides of the through seam;
the tensioning tool comprises two screw plugs, a sliding shaft and a fixed sleeve; the sliding shaft is assembled in the fixed sleeve and is connected with the fixed sleeve through threads, one of the two screw plugs is arranged on the sliding shaft, the other screw plug is arranged on the fixed sleeve, and the distance between the two screw plugs is changed by screwing the sliding shaft; when the skin penetrating seam tightening device is used, the two screw plugs are respectively buckled into the tightening tool mounting holes on the two sides of the skin penetrating seam, and the skin penetrating seam is tightened through screwing the sliding shaft.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention optimizes the processing technique of the skin, which is simplified from original spinning, heat treatment, linear cutting and laser cutting into spinning, heat treatment and laser cutting.
2) The skin is coated on the shaping tool for cutting, the circumferential distance between the radial holes is directly determined by the shaping tool and is not influenced by the deviation of the inner diameter after spinning, and the problem of large variation range of the circumferential distance of the radial holes of the skin caused by overlarge tolerance of the inner diameter after spinning of the thin-wall cylinder is solved.
3) The pressing tool and the tensioning tool are used, so that the influence of roundness deformation after heat treatment can be obviously improved, the workpiece can keep good rigidity in the machining process, and the problems of machining deformation, aperture deviation and the like of the thin-wall cylinder caused by heat treatment ovality and poor machining rigidity are solved.
4) According to the invention, through the step-by-step clamping and step-by-step processing, the hole site deviation between the radial gas channel hole and the screw hole on the skin and the rail control device is reduced, the assembly precision of the annular hole is greatly improved, and the problems that the annular coating of the channel hole is not in place and the screws on two sides of the through seam cannot be screwed in are solved.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a front view of an ultra-high strength porous thin-walled skin structure;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of an ultra-high strength porous thin-walled skin structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a second clamping of the laser cutting step, wherein (a) is a front view and (b) is a three-dimensional schematic view;
wherein 1 is a shaping tool; 2, a pressing tool; and 3, a tensioning tool.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: 1) the passage hole, the screw hole, the penetrating seam and the axial total length on the skin are formed by step-by-step laser cutting: firstly, cutting a through seam and the axial total length by primary clamping, and cutting a radial channel hole and a screw hole by secondary clamping; 2) the laser cutting finishes the processing of the penetrating seam and the axial total assembly size of the skin after the first clamping, and the original clamping mode is still adopted because the radial hole processing on the cylindrical surface is not involved, namely two sections of disk sheets are adopted to fix the skin and are fixed on a central mandrel, one end of the mandrel is provided with a three-jaw chuck of the laser cutting machine, and the other end of the mandrel is provided with a tail top to be clamped and fixed. 3) And the radial gas channel hole and the screw hole are machined by secondary clamping laser cutting, and a sizing tool, a pressing tool and a tensioning tool are designed to improve the influences of spinning inner diameter deviation, heat treatment roundness and workpiece rigidity. The design frock is the cylinder structure, and the design of hoop has the processing to dodge the hole (dodge the hole design purpose and be in laser cutting process, avoid laser beam cutting damage to the design frock), adopts high strength steel material to make, and the rigidity is better. The outer diameter of the shaping tool is formed through finish machining and is consistent with the outer diameter of the rail control device, and high dimensional precision can be guaranteed. The covering is coated on the shaping tool for cutting, and the circumferential distance between the radial holes is directly determined by the shaping tool and is not influenced by the deviation of the inner diameter after spinning. Meanwhile, the skin is coated on the shaping tool for cutting processing, and the pressing tool and the tensioning tool are used, so that the influence of roundness deformation after heat treatment can be obviously improved, and the workpiece can keep good rigidity in the processing process.
Through clamping in a grading manner and processing step by step, the hole site deviation between the radial gas channel hole on the skin, the screw hole and the rail control device is reduced, the assembly precision of the annular hole is greatly improved, and the problems that the annular coating of the channel hole is not in place and screws on two sides of a penetrating seam cannot be screwed in are solved.
The specific laser cutting process comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the following steps: fixing two end faces of the thin-walled cylindrical part subjected to heat treatment quenching strengthening on a central mandrel by using disk sheets, wherein the disk sheets and the mandrel are common thin-walled part processing tools, horizontally processing by using a laser cutting machine, and fixedly holding one end of the mandrel by a three-jaw chuck and fixedly holding the other end of the mandrel by a tail top. After clamping and fixing, a laser cutting method is adopted to sequentially process the through seam, the fabrication holes on two sides of the through seam and the axial total length of the skin. Continuous points are prefabricated on a cutting line in the laser cutting process, so that the workpiece is guaranteed to be free from breakage. And after the cutting is finished, disassembling the workpiece, removing the cut excess material, and polishing the cut part to remove burrs.
2) Step two: the thin-wall cylindrical part with the proper axial size is broken along the axial through seam and sleeved into a shaping tool, and a process positioning hole and a tool positioning hole which are close to the end face of the skin at the through seam are annularly utilized and positioned by pins; pressing tools are annularly arranged at two ends of the skin to press and attach the inner surface of the skin and the shaping tool, so that the influence of roundness deformation after heat treatment is reduced, the pressing tools on the side of the process positioning hole are firstly installed and then the upper end and the lower end of the pressing tools are sequentially and simultaneously installed along the pressing direction, and the order requirement is met in the installation process of the pressing tools; after the pressing tool is installed, the tensioning tool is installed on the two sides of the through seam through the process holes, the skin is tightened and fixed on the shaping tool, and the influence of assembly gaps is reduced. After clamping is completed, the shaping tool is directly fixed on the table surface of the machine tool by using a pressing plate, the laser cutting machine tool performs vertical machining, and machining of radial gas channel holes and screw holes on two sides of the through seam is sequentially completed.
Every fixed block is cuboid solid structure, and the design has a screw hole and a through-hole, and the laminating piece is cuboid frame shell structure, and a side surface has a through-hole. During installation, the attaching block is sleeved outside the fixed block, the fixed block is fixed on the shaping tool through one hexagon socket head cap screw penetrating through the through hole in the fixed block, the other hexagon socket head cap screw penetrates through the through hole in the attaching block and is screwed into the threaded hole in the fixed block, and the head of the screw is screwed to stretch out to abut against the attaching block so as to tightly press the attaching block on the outer cylindrical surface of the skin. The contact surface of the fixed block and the shaping tool is a cambered surface, and the contact surface of the fitting block and the outer cylindrical surface of the skin is a cambered surface. The compressing tools are circumferentially arranged in 10 groups and 2 rows, so that the inner surface of the skin is guaranteed to be compressed and attached to the shaping tool, and the influence of roundness deformation after heat treatment is reduced. The pressing tool on the side of the process positioning hole is installed firstly, and then the upper end and the lower end of the pressing tool are installed sequentially and simultaneously along the pressing direction.
Three groups of tensioning tool mounting hole groups are processed at the upper end, the lower end and the middle part of the skin, each group of tensioning tool mounting hole groups comprises two tensioning tool mounting holes, and the two tensioning tool mounting holes are positioned at two sides of the through seam; the tensioning tool comprises two screw plugs, a sliding shaft and a fixed sleeve; the sliding shaft is assembled in the fixed sleeve and is connected with the fixed sleeve through threads, one of the two screw plugs is arranged on the sliding shaft, the other screw plug is arranged on the fixed sleeve, and the distance between the two screw plugs is changed by screwing the sliding shaft; when the skin penetrating seam tightening device is used, the two screw plugs are respectively buckled into the tightening tool mounting holes on the two sides of the skin penetrating seam, and the skin penetrating seam is tightened through screwing the sliding shaft. The tensioning tool is provided with 3 groups at two sides of the through seam along the axial direction, so that the skin is ensured to be tightened and fixed on the shaping tool, and the influence of an assembly gap is reduced.
The clamping mode leads the annular position between the radial holes to be directly determined by the shaping tool and is not influenced by the deviation of the inner diameter after spinning.
The shaping tool is fixed on the table surface of a machine tool after clamping, and the laser cutting machine vertically cuts a radial hole on a cylindrical surface.
The invention adopts the processing and cutting process method of the ultrahigh-strength porous thin-wall skin,
1) the cutting method is verified by an actual process test, the precision of a processed product is verified by a complete machine assembly test, and the assembly qualified rate reaches 100 percent;
2) the skin product adopting the cutting process method is examined through an engine environment test and a flight test, and the process method is safe and reliable.
Example (b):
the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1-2, is a schematic diagram of the ultrahigh-strength porous thin-wall skin structure, which is an implementation object of the invention. The skin structure is characterized in that: 1) the strength is ultrahigh, and the tensile strength of the mechanical property of the skin material is more than or equal to 1800 MPa; 2) thin wall, wall thickness dimension is 1.8mm, and the external diameter is 300mm, and axial length 269.4 mm. 3) The multi-hole screw is characterized in that the multi-hole screw is multi-hole, two rows of radial holes are uniformly distributed on the circumference, the diameter of each radial hole is 44.6mm, the axial distance between the two rows of holes is 50mm, the radial holes are staggered by 15 degrees, the diameters of screw holes on two sides of a penetrating seam are 5.8mm, and the number of the two rows of holes is 14.
As shown in fig. 3, it is a schematic view of a secondary clamping structure used in the cutting method of the present invention. 1, setting a tool; 2, a pressing tool; and 3, a tensioning tool. The shaping tool 1 is of a cylindrical structure and has an outer diameter of
The rail control device is matched with the outer diameter of
The inner diameter of the cylinder after spinning is 298.1-298.4 mm. 2 for compressing tightly the frock, 20 groups totally are arranged to the circumference, with thin wall cylinder and the compaction of stereotyping frock laminating, adopt two M12's socket head cap screw, the fixed block is 24mm x 50mm x 18mm cuboid structure, and the laminating piece is 20mm x 21mm x 50 mm's cuboid frame structure. 3 for taut frock, arrange 3 groups along the axial in the penetrating joint department of cutting, taut gap, fixed cover is 22mm 20mm 30 mm's cuboid structure, and the sliding shaft is reformed transform by M10 hexagon socket head cap screw and is formed, and the plug screw is the smooth axle construction of one end screw thread structure one end, and the screw thread adopts M4 specification.
The invention relates to a laser cutting process method of an ultrahigh-strength porous thin-wall skin, which comprises the following process flows of: (1) two end faces of the thin-walled cylinder member after heat treatment and quenching strengthening are fixed on a central mandrel by disc sheets, one end of the mandrel is clamped and fixed by a three-jaw chuck, the other end of the mandrel is clamped and fixed by a tail top, a laser cutting machine tool is used for horizontal processing, a machine tool spindle rotates, and cutting processing of a radial process hole phi 4mm, a through seam 0.9mm and an axial total length 269.4mm is sequentially completed. (2) Taking down the thin-wall cylinder, removing cutting excess materials, polishing a machined surface, then breaking the machined surface along a through seam, sleeving the machined surface into a shaping tool, completing one-side annular positioning by utilizing a process positioning hole and a pin at the through seam position close to the end face of the skin, and tightly attaching the thin-wall cylinder to the shaping tool through annular pressing tools at two ends of the skin; and then the thin-wall cylinder is integrally tensioned and fixed through a fabrication hole in the middle of the through seam and a tensioning tool. And then fixing the shaping tool on the table surface of the machine tool, vertically processing by a laser cutting machine, and sequentially completing radial cutting processing of two rows of 24 phi 44.6 gas channel holes and phi 5.8 screw holes at two sides of the through seam by rotating the laser cutting head.
The invention relates to a laser cutting method of a skin with ultrahigh strength (tensile strength is more than or equal to 1800MPa) and a porous thin wall (the wall thickness is less than or equal to 1.8mm), which solves the problems that radial gas channel holes on the cylindrical surface of the skin after laser cutting, the circumferential distance between screw holes and the change of the pore size are large, the circumferential coating of the gas channel holes is not in place, and screws on two sides of a penetrating seam cannot be screwed in the skin assembly due to spinning, heat treatment processes and the like. The skin laser cutting process method adopts step-by-step laser cutting forming, and comprises the following steps: the first clamping horizontal cutting through seam and the axial total length, the process step two: and (3) clamping and vertically cutting the radial gas channel hole and the screw hole for the second time, and matching by adopting a shaping tool, a compressing tool and a tensioning tool during the second clamping. Through clamping in times and processing step by step, the hole site deviation between the radial gas channel hole on the skin, the screw hole and the rail control device is not influenced by the inner diameter after spinning, the roundness after heat treatment and the like, the assembly precision of the annular hole is greatly improved, and the quality qualified rate of the skin is greatly improved.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof.
Claims (8)
1. A laser cutting method for an ultrahigh-strength porous thin-wall skin is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, fixing the axial end faces of the thin-walled cylinder part subjected to heat treatment quenching strengthening on a central mandrel by using disk sheets, horizontally processing by using a laser cutting machine, clamping and fixing one end of the mandrel by using a three-jaw chuck of the machine tool, clamping and fixing the other end of the mandrel by using a tail top of the machine tool, and sequentially processing a through seam, process holes on two sides of the through seam and the axial total length of a skin by using a laser cutting method after clamping and fixing;
step two, the thin-wall cylindrical part processed in place in the axial total length dimension is broken off along the axial through seam, sleeved into a shaping tool and fixed in the annular direction;
a plurality of pressing tools are circumferentially and uniformly distributed at two ends of the skin, the pressing tools tightly press and attach the inner surface of the skin to the shaping tool, and the influence of roundness deformation after heat treatment is reduced;
after the pressing tool is installed, tensioning tools are installed on two sides of the through seam, the skin is tightened and fixed on the shaping tool, and the influence of an assembly gap is reduced;
and step three, after the clamping in the step two is finished, directly and vertically fixing the shaping tool on the table top of the laser cutting machine tool along the axial direction by using a pressing plate, and vertically processing the laser cutting machine tool to sequentially finish processing radial gas channel holes and screw holes at two sides of the through seam.
2. The laser cutting method for the ultrahigh-strength porous thin-wall skin according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the first step, continuous points are prefabricated on a cutting line in the laser cutting process, so that the workpiece is guaranteed to be free from breakage.
3. The laser cutting method for the ultrahigh-strength porous thin-wall skin according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the first step, after laser cutting is finished, the workpiece is disassembled, cutting excess materials are removed, and the cutting part is polished to remove burrs.
4. The laser cutting method for the ultrahigh-strength porous thin-wall skin according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the second step, the shaping tool is of a cylindrical structure, a processing avoiding hole is designed in an annular mode, and the outer diameter of the shaping tool is formed through finish machining and is consistent with the outer diameter of the rail control device.
5. The laser cutting method for the ultrahigh-strength porous thin-wall skin according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: and in the second step, a process positioning hole is processed at a position, close to the end face of the skin, of one side of the through seam, a tool positioning hole is processed at a corresponding position on the shaping tool, and when the skin and the shaping tool are annularly fixed, the pin penetrates through the process positioning hole and the tool positioning hole to realize annular positioning.
6. The laser cutting method for the ultrahigh-strength porous thin-wall skin according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the second step, each set of pressing tool comprises two inner hexagon screws, a fixed block and a fitting block;
the fixing block is of a cuboid solid structure and is provided with a threaded hole and a through hole, the fitting block is of a cuboid frame structure, the upper surface of the fitting block is provided with the through hole, the fitting block is sleeved outside the fixing block in the radial direction during installation, the fixing block is fixed on the shaping tool by a hexagon socket head cap screw penetrating through the through hole in the fixing block, the other hexagon socket head cap screw penetrating through the through hole in the fitting block is screwed into the threaded hole in the fixing block, and the head of a screw is screwed to extend out to abut against the fitting block so as to tightly press the fitting block on the outer cylindrical surface of the skin;
the contact surface of the fixed block and the shaping tool is a cambered surface, and the contact surface of the fitting block and the outer cylindrical surface of the skin is a cambered surface.
7. The laser cutting method for the ultrahigh-strength porous thin-wall skin according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the following steps of: the pressing tools on the side of the process positioning hole are installed firstly, and then the other pressing tools are installed in sequence along the circumferential direction of the thin-wall cylindrical part;
and the pressing tools at the two ends of the thin-wall cylindrical part are simultaneously installed.
8. The laser cutting method for the ultrahigh-strength porous thin-wall skin according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the second step, three groups of tensioning tool mounting hole groups are processed at the upper end, the lower end and the middle part of the skin, each group of tensioning tool mounting hole groups comprises two tensioning tool mounting holes, and the two tensioning tool mounting holes are positioned at two sides of the through seam;
the tensioning tool comprises two screw plugs, a sliding shaft and a fixed sleeve; the sliding shaft is assembled in the fixed sleeve and is connected with the fixed sleeve through threads, one of the two screw plugs is arranged on the sliding shaft, the other screw plug is arranged on the fixed sleeve, and the distance between the two screw plugs is changed by screwing the sliding shaft; when the skin penetrating seam tightening device is used, the two screw plugs are respectively buckled into the tightening tool mounting holes on the two sides of the skin penetrating seam, and the skin penetrating seam is tightened through screwing the sliding shaft.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114951482A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-08-30 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Variable-curvature annular skin belt plate manufacturing tool and using method |
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