CN114309690A

CN114309690A - Chuck

Info

Publication number: CN114309690A
Application number: CN202210114894.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程万里; 葛建伟; 高兆春; 张涛; 蒋利军
Original assignee: Zhejiang Headman Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Headman Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-31
Filing date: 2022-01-31
Publication date: 2022-04-12
Anticipated expiration: 2042-01-31
Also published as: CN114309690B

Abstract

The invention provides a chuck, and belongs to the technical field of clamps. It has solved the problem that production efficiency is low. The positioning device comprises a disc body and a plurality of clamping jaws distributed at the front end of the disc body along the circumferential direction, a positioning piece is fixed at the front end of the disc body and provided with positioning holes along the front-back direction, a first positioning convex shoulder is arranged at a front end hole of each positioning hole, a second positioning convex shoulder is arranged at a rear end hole of each positioning hole, a feeding hole for a workpiece to be placed into each positioning hole is formed in the side part of the front end of each positioning piece, and the front end of each positioning piece is higher than each clamping jaw and can simultaneously stretch into the front end of each clamping jaw. The method has the advantages of high production efficiency, reduction of production cost of enterprises, easiness in implementation and the like.

Description

Chuck

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of clamps, and relates to a chuck.

Background

In the conventional connection structure, flange bolts are often used, which are different from conventional bolts in that they have flanges in addition to a shaft portion and a head portion, wherein the shaft portion and the head portion are integrally attached to both sides of the flanges, respectively. In the processing of flange bolt, it is indispensable to have two processes, and one of them process is pole portion car terminal surface and processing centre bore, and one process is pole portion car excircle in addition. In the working procedure of turning the end face of the rod part and machining the central hole, the machining position is at the end part of the rod part, and the clamping position is required to be close to the end part of the rod part as much as possible because the length of the rod part is longer, so that the machining error caused by the fact that the clamping position is too far away from the end part of the rod part in the machining process is avoided; in the process of turning the excircle of the rod part, the processing position of the excircle of the whole rod part is the excircle of the whole rod part, and the flange is flat and thin, so the clamping position of the flange can be only at the head part.

Because the clamping position requirements of the two machining processes are different, the conventional chuck type clamp cannot meet the requirement of clamping and fixing the flange bolt in the two machining processes, so in the existing automatic production, different clamps can be basically only respectively installed on two machine tools, namely, the corresponding clamp is firstly clamped outside the rod part of the flange bolt on one machine tool to complete the rod part lathing end face and the machining center hole, and the flange bolt is conveyed to the other machine tool after the machining of the process is completed, and the corresponding clamp is clamped outside the head part of the flange bolt to complete the machining of the rod part lathing outer circle. However, since the two machines are transferred, the production efficiency is low, and the machining precision of the two sets of jigs is easily deteriorated due to the superposition of machining errors.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a chuck aiming at the problems in the prior art, and solves the problem of low production efficiency.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a chuck, includes disk body and a plurality of jack catchs that distribute in the disk body front end along circumference, disk body front end fixed with the setting element, its characterized in that, the setting element be equipped with the locating hole along the fore-and-aft direction, the front end orifice of locating hole has location convex shoulder one and its rear end drill way has location convex shoulder two, setting element front end side is equipped with and supplies the work piece to put into the feed opening in the locating hole, the setting element front end exceeds each jack catch and each jack catch homoenergetic simultaneously stretches into in the setting element front end.

Taking a workpiece as a flange bolt, taking the turning of the end face and the machining of the central hole as a first process, taking the turning of the outer circle of the rod part as a second process as an example, the manipulator firstly clamps the flange bolt, puts the flange bolt into the positioning hole from the feeding hole until one side face of the flange bolt is abutted against the second positioning convex shoulder, and then the rod part of the flange bolt extends out of the front end of the positioning part through the positioning hole and is clamped outside the rod part of the flange bolt by the clamping claws simultaneously approaching the central line of the disk body. After the first procedure is completed, the manipulator is clamped at the end part of the rod part of the flange bolt, the flange bolt is taken out from the positioning hole through the feeding port, then the flange of the flange bolt is abutted against the first positioning shoulder from the front of the positioning piece to form positioning, the head of the flange bolt is positioned in the front end hole of the positioning hole, and the clamping jaws are simultaneously close to the central line of the disc body to clamp the outer side of the head of the flange bolt.

Through the arrangement, the chuck can stably clamp and fix two different machining processes of the flange bolt, namely, the machining of the two processes can be completed by only one machine tool, so that the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost of enterprises is reduced. And the first positioning convex shoulder and the second positioning convex shoulder are both arranged on the same positioning piece, so that the superposition of machining errors does not exist, and the machining precision can be well ensured.

In the chuck, the front side of the first positioning shoulder is provided with a first positioning plane, the front side of the second positioning shoulder is provided with a second positioning plane, and the first positioning plane and the second positioning plane are both perpendicular to the center line of the positioning hole.

Through the arrangement, the flange of the flange bolt can be reliably positioned by utilizing the positioning piece in any process, so that the stable clamping fixation of the chuck can be realized aiming at two different processing procedures of the flange bolt, and the production efficiency is improved.

In the chuck, the rear end of the positioning piece is provided with an extension head extending into the chuck body, and the rear end of the positioning hole is positioned in the extension head.

The length of a workpiece similar to the structure of the flange bolt is longer, the extension head extending into the disc body is arranged, the distance between the first positioning shoulder and the second positioning shoulder is lengthened, so that most of the flange bolts are located in the positioning piece in the first procedure (namely, the end face of the lathe and the center processing hole) and the clamping positions of the clamping jaws are guaranteed to be closer to the end portions of the flange bolts, and therefore the machining precision of the end face of the lathe and the center processing hole is guaranteed to be higher. In addition, the arrangement mode enables the structure of the whole chuck to be more compact and integral.

In foretell chuck, the extension head be cylindricly, be equipped with the movable block that can move in order to drive each jack catch action along the fore-and-aft direction in the disk body, the movable block runs through along the fore-and-aft direction and is provided with the connecting hole of internal screw thread, the extension head external diameter is less than the aperture of connecting hole and extends the head and pass the connecting hole.

The chuck all is connected on the main shaft of lathe when using, wear to establish the cavity pull rod front end threaded connection in the lathe main shaft in the connecting hole of movable block, consequently only need design the external diameter of extension head and just can ensure that the setting of extension head can not lead to the fact the influence for the threaded connection of cavity pull rod and movable block in the setting element of this chuck to guarantee that this chuck can realize the centre gripping of like such work piece of flange bolt in the different manufacturing procedure of twice through the use of setting element fixedly, and then improve production efficiency.

In the chuck, the center of the front end of the chuck body is provided with a concave cavity, the positioning piece is provided with a circular plate fixed in the concave cavity, and the extension head is connected to the rear side surface of the circular plate.

In a conventional chuck, a dust cap is secured within a cavity at the center of the front end of the chuck body. In the chuck, the dustproof cover is removed, and the positioning piece is fixed in the concave cavity through the circular plate and is installed on the chuck body, so that the circular plate can play the same role as the dustproof cover.

In foretell chuck, the extension head including integrative main part and the annular piece that links firmly in main part rear end portion of linking firmly in the plectane trailing flank, the locating hole runs through the main part rear end, the aperture of annular piece centre bore is less than the locating hole aperture, location shoulder two is the part that the annular piece is located locating hole rear end orifice department.

Generally speaking, the integrated structure is difficult to process the shapes of a first positioning shoulder and a second positioning shoulder at the positions of the holes at the two ends, so that the extension head is arranged to comprise a main body integrally and fixedly connected to the rear side face of the circular plate and an annular block fixedly connected to the rear end part of the main body in a welding mode, the first positioning shoulder can be directly processed and formed at the front end of the positioning piece, then the part, located at the hole at the rear end of the positioning hole, of the annular block can be directly used as the second positioning shoulder, and therefore the positioning piece can be finally formed into a structure with the first positioning shoulder at the hole at the front end of the positioning hole and a structure with the second positioning shoulder at the hole at the rear end so as to be matched with each clamping jaw to finish clamping and fixing of a workpiece in two processing procedures.

In foretell chuck, the setting element front end be cubic, the feed opening can be passed simultaneously for at least three and two at least jack catchs in jack catch quantity, setting element front end lateral part still be provided with the breach of stepping down of surplus jack catch one-to-one.

Conventionally, the positioning piece is provided with the same number of abdicating notches on the claws, but the abdicating notches are too many, so that the front end side part of the positioning piece does not have enough solid part for arranging the feeding opening. Because each jack catch is kept away from disk body central line position at initial state, consequently set up the material loading mouth for can supplying two at least jack catches to pass simultaneously under the at least three condition of jack catch quantity, both guaranteed like this that the material loading mouth can set up enough big in order to make things convenient for putting into of work piece, does not influence the normal position of stepping down that stretches into in the setting element to the jack catch again simultaneously. Through the arrangement, the clamping fixation can be realized by utilizing the chuck in two different machining processes, and the production efficiency is improved. And at least three clamping jaws can ensure the coaxiality of the clamped workpiece and the main shaft.

In the chuck, a yielding notch is arranged between the inner end of each clamping jaw corresponding to the feeding hole and the rear side surface.

In practice, when the manipulator puts the workpiece into the positioning hole or takes the workpiece out of the positioning hole, the workpiece is in a state of being relatively close to the front end face of the disk body, and the size of the clamping part of the manipulator is considered, so that interference is easily generated between the workpiece and each clamping jaw corresponding to the feeding hole. Therefore, the yielding notches are formed between the inner ends of the claws corresponding to the feeding port and the rear side face, so that the reliability of feeding and discharging from the feeding port in the first processing is ensured.

Compared with the prior art, the chuck is provided with the positioning hole on the positioning piece, the positioning convex shoulder I is arranged at the front end hole of the positioning hole, and the positioning convex shoulder II is arranged at the rear end hole of the positioning hole, so that the chuck can stably clamp and fix two different machining processes of the flange bolt, namely, the machining of the two processes can be completed by only one machine tool, the production efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the production cost of enterprises is also reduced.

In addition, the circular plate of the positioning piece can be directly fixed at the dustproof cover of the existing chuck, the positioning piece is arranged on the inner structure of the existing chuck without influence, and only the end part of the clamping jaw needs to be corrected, namely, the existing chuck is changed slightly and is easy to realize.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the present chuck.

Fig. 2 is a front end view of the present chuck.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line a-a in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a side view of the present chuck.

Fig. 5 is a front end view of the chuck with the jaws extending into the front end of the keeper.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a positioning member in the present chuck.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view (the sectional view is the same as that in fig. 3) of the flange bolt positioned by the present chuck in the first step.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view (the sectional view is the same as fig. 3) of the flange bolt positioned by the present chuck in the second step.

In the figure, 1, a disc body; 2. a claw; 2a, a yielding gap; 3. a slider; 4. a positioning member; 4a, positioning holes; 4b, positioning the shoulder I; 4b1, positioning plane one; 4c, positioning a shoulder II; 4c1 and a second positioning plane; 4d, feeding the materials; 4e, an extension head; 4e1, body; 4e2, ring block; 4f, circular plate; 4g, abdicating the gap; 4h, positioning blocks; 5. a flange bolt; 5a, a head; 5b, a rod part; 5c, a flange.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, a chuck includes a disk body 1 and a plurality of jaws 2 circumferentially distributed at the front end of the disk body 1 and capable of moving along the radial direction of the disk body 1, specifically, a plurality of sliders 3 are slidably connected to the front end of the disk body 1, and each jaw 2 is fixed on the slider 3. The positioning piece 4 is fixed at the front end of the tray body 1, the positioning piece 4 is provided with a positioning hole 4a along the front-back direction, the front end opening of the positioning hole 4a is provided with a positioning shoulder I4 b, the rear end opening of the positioning shoulder I4 b is provided with a positioning shoulder II 4c, the front side of the positioning shoulder I4 b is provided with a positioning plane I4 b1, the front side of the positioning shoulder II 4c is provided with a positioning plane II 4c1, and the positioning plane I4 b1 and the positioning plane II 4c1 are both perpendicular to the center line of the positioning hole 4 a. The front end side part of the positioning part 4 is provided with a feeding port 4d for placing a workpiece into the positioning hole 4a, the front end of the positioning part 4 is higher than each clamping jaw 2, and each clamping jaw 2 can simultaneously extend into the front end of the positioning part 4.

Further, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the tray body 1 has a concave cavity at the center of the front end thereof, and the positioning member 4 has a circular plate 4f fixed in the concave cavity by a fastener. The tray body 1 is provided with a through hole along the front-back direction, the rear end of the positioning piece 4 is provided with an extension head 4e extending into the tray body 1, and the rear end of the positioning hole 4a is positioned in the extension head 4 e. Wherein, extending head 4e and being cylindricly, being equipped with in the disk body 1 and moving along the fore-and-aft direction motion in order to drive the movable block of each jack catch 2 motion, the movable block runs through along the fore-and-aft direction and is provided with the connecting hole of taking the internal thread, and the external diameter that extends head 4e is less than the aperture of connecting hole and extends head 4e and pass the connecting hole. The concrete connection structure and the working principle of the movable block and each clamping jaw 2 are the prior art, and are not described in detail herein. The chuck is all connected on the main shaft of lathe when using, wears to establish the cavity pull rod front end threaded connection in the lathe main shaft in the connecting hole of movable block, consequently only need design the external diameter that extends head 4e and just can ensure that the setting of extending head 4e can not cause the influence for the threaded connection of cavity pull rod and movable block in the setting element 4 of this chuck. The extension head 4e comprises a main body 4e1 integrally and fixedly connected to the rear side face of the circular plate 4f and an annular block 4e2 welded and fixedly connected to the rear end portion of the main body 4e1, a positioning hole 4a penetrates through the rear end of the main body 4e1, the aperture of a central hole of the annular block 4e2 is smaller than that of the positioning hole 4a, and a positioning shoulder two 4c is a part of the annular block 4e2 located at the aperture of the rear end of the positioning hole 4 a.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the front end of the positioning member 4 is block-shaped, the number of the claws 2 is at least three, and at least two claws 2 can simultaneously penetrate through the feeding opening 4d, the side portion of the positioning seat 4h is further provided with abdicating notches 4g corresponding to the remaining claws 2 one to one, and the feeding opening 4d and the abdicating notches 4g both simultaneously penetrate through the front end portion of the positioning member 4. The front end of the positioning piece 4 is divided into a plurality of independent positioning blocks 4h integrally and fixedly connected with the circular plate 4f by the feeding port 4d and the abdicating notch 4g, and the first positioning plane 4b1 is composed of the front end faces of the positioning blocks 4 h. In this embodiment, the number of the claws 2 is actually three, and the number of the abdicating notches 4g is one, so that the number of the positioning blocks 4h is two, one of the claws 2 can penetrate through the abdicating notch 4g, and the rest two claws 2 can penetrate through the feeding hole 4 d. A yielding notch 2a is arranged between the inner end of each claw 2 corresponding to the feeding port 4d and the rear side surface.

When the chuck is used, the dustproof cover on the existing chuck is removed, and then the circular plate 4f on the positioning piece 4 is fixed in the cavity where the original dustproof cover is located through the fastening piece, so that the extension head 4e at the rear end of the positioning piece 4 can extend into the chuck body 1. Of course, in order to enable each jaw 2 to smoothly pass through the positioning member 4 to clamp the workpiece, both sides of one end of each jaw 2 used for clamping the workpiece need to be trimmed in advance, so that the shape of each jaw can be matched with the abdicating notch 4g or the feeding port 4 d.

The chuck is mainly used in the automatic processing of the flange bolt 5, one processing procedure of the flange bolt 5 is to machine the end face and process a central hole, and the other processing procedure is to machine the excircle of the rod part 5 b. Taking the turning end face and the excircle of the rod part 5b after the center hole is machined as an example, the manipulator firstly clamps the flange bolt 5 and puts the flange bolt into the positioning hole 4a from the feeding hole 4d until the flange 5c abuts against the positioning plane two 4c1 of the positioning shoulder two 4c to form positioning (as shown in fig. 7, the head part 5a of the flange bolt is positioned at the inner side of the positioning shoulder two 4c), each clamping jaw 2 is far away from the center line of the disk body 1 in the initial stage, so that the workpiece is not blocked when being put into the positioning hole 4a from the feeding hole 4d, the rod part 5b of the flange bolt 5 extends out of the front end of the positioning part 4 through the positioning hole 4a, and then each clamping jaw 2 simultaneously approaches the center line of the disk body 1 to clamp the rod part 5b of the flange bolt 5 so as to match with the cutter to finish the turning end face and machining the center hole.

After the first process is completed, the manipulator clamps the end of the rod part 5b of the flange bolt 5, each jaw 2 retracts to the initial position, namely, the jaw is close to the edge position of the disc body 1, so that the feeding port 4d is yielded, then the manipulator enables the flange 5c of the flange bolt 5 to abut against a first positioning plane 4b1 of a first positioning shoulder 4b from the front of the positioning piece 4 to form positioning (as shown in fig. 8), at the moment, the head part 5a of the flange bolt 5 is positioned in the front end hole of the positioning hole 4a, and then each jaw 2 simultaneously approaches to the center line of the disc body 1 and is clamped outside the head part 5a of the flange bolt 5, so that the whole rod part 5b of the flange bolt 5 is positioned outside the positioning piece 4 to match with a cutter to complete the excircle turning work of the rod part 5 b.

This chuck sets up locating hole 4a along the fore-and-aft direction on setting element 4, through setting up the location convex shoulder 4b at 4a front end orifice department of locating hole, set up two 4c of location convex shoulders and the material loading mouth 4d of setting element 4 front end lateral part at 4a rear end orifice department of locating hole, make this chuck can realize stable centre gripping fixed to two different manufacturing procedure homoenergetic of flange bolt 5, that is to say only with a lathe alright accomplish the processing of two processes, the production efficiency is improved, the manufacturing cost of enterprise has also been reduced simultaneously.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a chuck, includes disk body (1) and a plurality of jack catchs (2) that distribute in disk body (1) front end along circumference, disk body (1) front end fixed with setting element (4), a serial communication port, setting element (4) be equipped with locating hole (4a) along the fore-and-aft direction, the front end orifice of locating hole (4a) has location convex shoulder one (4b) and its rear end orifice has location convex shoulder two (4c), setting element (4) front end lateral part is equipped with can supply the work piece to put into feed opening (4d) in locating hole (4a), setting element (4) front end exceeds each jack catchs (2) and each jack catchs (2) homoenergetic and stretches into in setting element (4) front end simultaneously.

2. The chuck as set forth in claim 1, wherein the first positioning shoulder (4b) has a first positioning plane (4b1) on the front side thereof, and the second positioning shoulder (4c) has a second positioning plane (4c1) on the front side thereof, and the first positioning plane (4b1) and the second positioning plane (4c1) are perpendicular to the centerline of the positioning hole (4 a).

3. The chuck according to claim 2, wherein the rear end of the positioning member (4) is provided with an extension head (4e) extending into the chuck body (1), and the rear end of the positioning hole (4a) is positioned in the extension head (4 e).

4. The chuck according to claim 3, wherein the extension head (4e) is cylindrical, a movable block capable of moving in the front-back direction to drive each jaw (2) to move is arranged in the chuck body (1), the movable block penetrates through a connecting hole with internal threads in the front-back direction, the outer diameter of the extension head (4e) is smaller than the diameter of the connecting hole, and the extension head (4e) penetrates through the connecting hole.

5. The chuck according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the body (1) has a cavity at the center of the front end, the positioning member (4) has a circular plate (4f) fixed in the cavity, and the extension head (4e) is connected to the rear side of the circular plate (4 f).

6. The chuck as in claim 5, wherein the extension head (4e) comprises a main body (4e1) integrally connected to the rear side of the circular plate (4f) and a ring block (4e2) welded to the rear end of the main body (4e1), the positioning hole (4a) penetrates through the rear end of the main body (4e1), the diameter of the central hole of the ring block (4e2) is smaller than that of the positioning hole (4a), and the second positioning shoulder (4c) is the part of the ring block (4e2) located at the rear end of the positioning hole (4 a).

7. The chuck according to claim 6, wherein the front end of the positioning member (4) is block-shaped, the number of the claws (2) is at least three, at least two claws (2) can simultaneously pass through the feeding opening (4d), and the side part of the front end of the positioning member (4) is further provided with abdicating notches (4g) corresponding to the rest claws (2) one by one.

8. The chuck according to claim 7, characterized in that a relief notch (2a) is provided between the inner end and the rear side of each jaw (2) corresponding to the loading opening (4 d).