CN114307995B - Preparation method and application of composite material for capturing carbon dioxide - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of composite material for capturing carbon dioxide Download PDFInfo
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- CN114307995B CN114307995B CN202210095477.7A CN202210095477A CN114307995B CN 114307995 B CN114307995 B CN 114307995B CN 202210095477 A CN202210095477 A CN 202210095477A CN 114307995 B CN114307995 B CN 114307995B
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method and application of a composite material for capturing carbon dioxide, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: s1, preparing glacial acetic acid mixed solution containing polybasic aldehyde and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound; s2, stirring the mixed solution at room temperature under the protection gas, adding ferric trichloride, continuously stirring to obtain an organic polymer precursor liquid, placing the organic polymer precursor liquid in a hydrothermal reaction kettle, and heating for reaction to obtain an organic polymer reaction liquid; s3, cooling the organic polymer reaction liquid, and washing and drying to obtain an organic polymer; s4, preparing an ethyl acetate mixed solution containing divinylbenzene and azodiisobutyronitrile; and S5, grinding the organic polymer, placing the ground organic polymer into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, adding an ethyl acetate mixed solution, heating for reaction, taking out, cooling and drying to obtain the composite material. The composite material prepared by the invention has good hydrophobic property, is used for capturing carbon dioxide in a water vapor environment, and reduces the influence on water vapor in the process of capturing the carbon dioxide in the flue gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of carbon dioxide capturing materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a composite material for capturing carbon dioxide.
Background
The national world has become the world's biggest carbon dioxide emission state at present, and its specific' many coals, less oil, lack of gas, lean uranium 'resource endowment has decided to rely on energy consumption and industrial structure of adjustment only, has difficulty to realize social economic development and carbon dioxide emission reduction's dual objective simultaneously. As an important carbon dioxide emission source, the coal chemical process is urgent to develop a new technology for targeted carbon dioxide recovery and resource utilization, so as to drive energy conservation, consumption reduction and transformation upgrading of the traditional high-carbon industry of the coal chemical industry, and form a new economic benefit growth point for related enterprises. In the new technical system, the low-cost separation and recovery of the carbon dioxide in the coal chemical process is the first step.
The carbon dioxide capture means that the separation and enrichment of the carbon dioxide are realized through different technical means from an industrial emission source or directly from the atmosphere, so that the high-purity carbon dioxide is obtained and supplied to the downstream for utilization and sealing. Currently, carbon dioxide capture mainly includes four implementation strategies: pre-combustion capture, oxyfuel combustion, post-combustion capture and direct air capture, wherein research on post-combustion carbon capture technology is particularly urgent, mainly because the process is very suitable for large-scale fixed emission sources such as thermoelectric, iron and steel and ore smelting, and is almost the only method for solving large-scale emission at present.
In the capturing process after combustion, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gas is low, the partial pressure is small, the impurity components are complex, and particularly the water vapor content is high. When the conventional carbon dioxide capturing material is used for capturing the primarily purified flue gas, water vapor in the flue gas can occupy the adsorption position of the carbon dioxide capturing material, and the adsorption performance of the capturing material on carbon dioxide is seriously affected. Although domestic and foreign personnel have made a great deal of researches on carbon dioxide capturing materials and have obtained a good carbon dioxide adsorption effect under the condition of dry gas capturing, few reports on the preparation of hydrophobic carbon dioxide capturing materials are studied.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a preparation method and application of a composite material for capturing carbon dioxide, which are used for solving the problem that when a carbon dioxide capturing material in the prior art captures flue gas, the adsorption performance of the capturing material on carbon dioxide is lower because water vapor in the flue gas occupies the adsorption position of the carbon dioxide capturing material.
To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a method for preparing a composite material for carbon dioxide capture, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, dissolving polybasic aldehyde and a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound in glacial acetic acid to prepare a mixed solution;
s2, stirring the mixed solution for a period of time at room temperature under the protection gas, then adding ferric trichloride, continuously stirring to obtain an organic polymer precursor liquid, placing the organic polymer precursor liquid in a hydrothermal reaction kettle, and heating for reaction to obtain an organic polymer reaction liquid;
s3, cooling the organic polymer reaction liquid, washing the organic polymer reaction liquid with water and an organic solvent for a plurality of times, and placing the organic polymer reaction liquid in a vacuum drying oven for drying to obtain an organic polymer;
s4, adding divinylbenzene and azodiisobutyronitrile into the ethyl acetate solution, and stirring at room temperature to obtain an ethyl acetate mixed solution;
and S5, grinding the organic polymer obtained in the step S3, placing the ground organic polymer into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, adding the ethyl acetate mixed solution obtained in the step S4, heating and reacting for a period of time, taking out, cooling and drying to obtain the composite material.
Preferably, the polyaldehyde in the step S1 is one or a combination of isophthalaldehyde, terephthalaldehyde and trimellitic aldehyde.
Preferably, the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound in the step S1 is one or a combination of pyrrole, pyridine, imidazole and quinoline.
Preferably, the concentration of the polyaldehyde in the mixed solution in the step S1 is 0.05-1 mol/L; the concentration of the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound in the step S1 in the mixed solution is 0.05-1 mol/L.
Preferably, the mixed solution in the step S2 is stirred for 0.1 to 1 hour at room temperature under the protection gas, and then ferric trichloride is added for continuous stirring for 1 to 12 hours.
Preferably, the shielding gas in step S2 is one or a combination of helium, argon and nitrogen.
Preferably, the temperature of the heating reaction in the step S2 is 120-240 ℃, and the time of the heating reaction is 24-120 hours.
Preferably, the ratio between the mole number of the ferric trichloride added in the step S2 and the volume of the glacial acetic acid in the step S1 is 0.01-0.2 mole/L.
Preferably, the organic solvent in step S3 includes one or a combination of methanol, ethanol, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, and chloroform.
Preferably, the washing in step S3 is washing with at least one of water and the organic solvent sequentially at least once.
Preferably, the temperature of the vacuum drying oven in the step S3 is 60-120 ℃, and the drying time is 6-24 hours.
Preferably, the divinylbenzene in step S4 is one or a combination of m-phenylenediyl and p-phenylenediyl.
Preferably, the stirring time at room temperature in the step S4 is 0.5-6 h.
Preferably, the concentration of the divinylbenzene in the ethyl acetate mixed solution in the step S4 is 0.02-1 g/mL; the concentration of the azodiisobutyronitrile in the ethyl acetate mixed solution in the step S4 is 0.001-0.01 g/mL.
Preferably, the temperature of the heating reaction in step S5 is 75 to 150 ℃.
Preferably, the heating reaction time in step S5 is 12 to 48 hours.
Preferably, the drying method in step S5 includes one of natural evaporation, vacuum drying, and drying at 40-80 ℃.
The invention also provides an application of the composite material prepared by the preparation method in carbon dioxide capture.
As described above, the preparation method and application of the composite material for carbon dioxide capture of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a preparation method of a composite material for capturing carbon dioxide, which is simple in preparation method, and the prepared composite material is porous and has good hydrophobic property, can be used for capturing carbon dioxide in a water vapor environment, reduces the influence on water vapor in the process of capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas, and effectively solves the problem that the adsorption performance of carbon dioxide is reduced because the water vapor in the flue gas occupies the adsorption position of the carbon dioxide capturing material when the flue gas is captured in the prior art.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a photograph taken with a camera of the composite material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a photograph taken of a camera in which the composite material prepared in example 1 of the present invention was contacted with water droplets.
Fig. 3 shows a photograph taken with a camera of the composite material prepared in example 1 of the present invention placed in a beaker containing deionized water.
FIG. 4 is a SEM image of the porous polymer prepared in comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the preparation method of the composite material for capturing carbon dioxide is simple, the prepared composite material is porous and has good hydrophobic property, and can be used for capturing carbon dioxide in a water vapor environment, so that the influence on water vapor in the process of capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas is reduced, and the problem that the adsorption performance of carbon dioxide is reduced due to the fact that the water vapor in the flue gas occupies the adsorption position of the carbon dioxide capturing material when the flue gas is captured in the prior art is effectively solved.
The invention provides a preparation method of a composite material for capturing carbon dioxide, which comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving polybasic aldehyde and a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound in glacial acetic acid to prepare a mixed solution.
As an example, the polyaldehyde in step S1 is one or a combination of isophthalaldehyde, terephthalaldehyde, and trimellitic aldehyde.
As an example, the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound in step S1 is one or a combination of pyrrole, pyridine, imidazole, and quinoline.
As an example, the concentration of the polyaldehyde in the step S1 in the mixed solution is 0.05 to 1mol/L.
Preferably, the concentration of the polyaldehyde in the mixed solution is 0.1 to 0.3mol/L.
As an example, the concentration of the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound in the mixed solution in step S1 is 0.05 to 1mol/L.
Preferably, the concentration of the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound in the mixed solution is 0.1 to 0.3mol/L.
And S2, stirring the mixed solution for a period of time at room temperature under the protection gas, then adding ferric trichloride, continuously stirring to obtain an organic polymer precursor liquid, placing the organic polymer precursor liquid in a hydrothermal reaction kettle, and heating for reaction to obtain an organic polymer reaction liquid.
As an example, the mixed solution in step S2 is stirred at room temperature for 0.1 to 1 hour under a protective gas, and then ferric trichloride is added and stirring is continued for 1 to 12 hours.
Preferably, the mixed solution is stirred for 0.1 to 0.5 hours at room temperature under the protection gas, and then ferric trichloride is added for continuous stirring for 2 to 6 hours.
As an example, the shielding gas in step S2 is one or a combination of helium, argon, and nitrogen.
As an example, the heating reaction in the step S2 is carried out at a temperature of 120-240 ℃ for 24-120 hours.
Preferably, the heating temperature of the heating reaction is 150-210 ℃, and the heating reaction time is 48-96 h.
As an example, the ratio between the number of moles of the ferric trichloride added in step S2 and the volume of the glacial acetic acid in step S1 is 0.01 to 0.2mol/L.
And S3, cooling the organic polymer reaction liquid, washing the organic polymer reaction liquid with water and an organic solvent for a plurality of times, and placing the organic polymer reaction liquid in a vacuum drying oven for drying to obtain the organic polymer.
As an example, the organic solvent in step S3 includes one or a combination of methanol, ethanol, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, and chloroform.
As an example, the washing in step S3 is washing with at least one of water and the organic solvent sequentially at least once.
As an example, the temperature of the vacuum drying oven in step S3 is 60 to 120 ℃ and the drying time is 6 to 24 hours.
S4, adding divinylbenzene and azodiisobutyronitrile into the ethyl acetate solution, and stirring at room temperature to obtain an ethyl acetate mixed solution.
As an example, the divinylbenzene in step S4 is one or a combination of m-styrene and p-styrene.
As an example, the stirring time at room temperature in step S4 is 0.5 to 6 hours.
As an example, the concentration of divinylbenzene in the ethyl acetate mixed solution in step S4 is 0.02 to 1g/mL.
As an example, the concentration of azobisisobutyronitrile in the ethyl acetate mixed solution in step S4 is 0.001 to 0.01g/mL.
And S5, grinding the organic polymer obtained in the step S3, placing the ground organic polymer into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, adding the ethyl acetate mixed solution obtained in the step S4, heating and reacting for a period of time, taking out, cooling and drying to obtain the composite material.
As an example, the temperature of the heating reaction in step S5 is 75 to 150 ℃.
As an example, the heating reaction time in step S5 is 12 to 48 hours.
As an example, the drying method in step S5 includes one of natural evaporation, vacuum drying, and drying at 40 to 80 ℃.
The invention also provides an application of the composite material for capturing carbon dioxide prepared by the preparation method in capturing carbon dioxide.
For a better understanding of the method of making and the use of the composite materials for carbon dioxide capture of the present invention, the following specific examples are used to further illustrate.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a composite material for capturing carbon dioxide, which comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving terephthalaldehyde and pyrrole in glacial acetic acid to prepare an ethyl acetate mixed solution containing 0.1mol/L terephthalaldehyde and 0.1mol/L pyrrole;
s2, stirring the ethyl acetate mixed solution for 0.5h under nitrogen, then adding ferric trichloride, continuously stirring for 4h to obtain an organic polymer precursor liquid, placing the organic polymer precursor liquid in a hydrothermal reaction kettle, and heating at 180 ℃ for reaction for 72h to obtain an organic polymer reaction liquid; wherein the ratio between the ferric trichloride (mol) and the glacial acetic acid (L) is 0.05mol/L;
s3, naturally cooling the organic polymer reaction liquid, sequentially washing with deionized water, methanol, acetone, tetrahydrofuran and chloroform, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ to obtain a porous organic polymer;
s4, adding divinylbenzene and azobisisobutyronitrile into the ethyl acetate solution, and stirring for 4 hours at room temperature to obtain an ethyl acetate mixed solution with the concentration of the divinylbenzene being 0.1g/mL and the concentration of the azobisisobutyronitrile being 0.004 g/mL;
and S5, grinding the porous organic polymer obtained in the step S3, placing the ground porous organic polymer in a hydro-thermal reaction kettle with a tetrafluoroethylene lining, adding an ethyl acetate mixed solution to ensure that the solution just does not contain excessive porous organic polymer, heating at 100 ℃ for reaction for 24 hours, taking out, cooling and naturally evaporating at room temperature to obtain the composite material.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, fig. 1 is a composite material prepared in this embodiment, the composite material has a porous structure, and is in a block shape, and the shape of the composite material is consistent with the inner liner of the hydrothermal reaction kettle; FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of deionized water being dropped onto the surface of a composite material, the deionized water not being able to penetrate into the interior of the composite material; fig. 3 shows that the composite material is directly placed in a beaker filled with deionized water, and the composite material floats on the surface of the deionized water, so that the composite material has better hydrophobic performance.
Example 2
This example provides a method for preparing a composite material for carbon dioxide capture, which differs from example 1 in that: in the step S1, preparing a mixed solution of terephthalaldehyde containing 0.2mol/L and ethyl acetate containing pyrrole containing 0.2 mol/L; the shielding gas in the step S2 is argon; other methods and steps are the same as those in embodiment 1, and will not be described here.
Example 3
This example provides a method for preparing a composite material for carbon dioxide capture, which differs from example 1 in that: preparing a mixed solution of terephthalaldehyde containing 0.3mol/L and ethyl acetate containing pyrrole containing 0.3mol/L in the step S1; the shielding gas in the step S2 is argon; other methods and steps are the same as those in embodiment 1, and will not be described here.
Example 4
This example provides a method for preparing a composite material for carbon dioxide capture, which differs from example 1 in that: in the step S1, preparing an ethyl acetate mixed solution containing 0.1mol/L of isophthalaldehyde and 0.1mol/L of pyrrole; the shielding gas in the step S2 is argon; other methods and steps are the same as those in embodiment 1, and will not be described here.
Example 5
This example provides a method for preparing a composite material for carbon dioxide capture, which differs from example 1 in that: in the step S1, preparing an ethyl acetate mixed solution containing 0.1mol/L of isophthalaldehyde and 0.1mol/L of pyridine; other methods and steps are the same as those in embodiment 1, and will not be described here.
Example 6
This example provides a method for preparing a composite material for carbon dioxide capture, which differs from example 1 in that: in the step S1, preparing a mixed solution of trimellitic aldehyde containing 0.1mol/L and ethyl acetate containing 0.1mol/L pyridine; the shielding gas in the step S2 is helium; other methods and steps are the same as those in embodiment 1, and will not be described here.
Example 7
This example provides a method for preparing a composite material for carbon dioxide capture, which differs from example 1 in that: the shielding gas in the step S2 is argon; in the step S4, divinylbenzene and azodiisobutyronitrile are added into an ethyl acetate solution, and stirred for 4 hours at room temperature to obtain an ethyl acetate mixed solution with the concentration of the divinylbenzene of 0.2g/mL and the concentration of the azodiisobutyronitrile of 0.004 g/mL; other methods and steps are the same as those in embodiment 1, and will not be described here.
Example 8
This example provides a method for preparing a composite material for carbon dioxide capture, which differs from example 1 in that: the shielding gas in the step S2 is argon; in the step S4, divinylbenzene and azodiisobutyronitrile are added into an ethyl acetate solution, and stirred for 2 hours at room temperature to obtain an ethyl acetate mixed solution with the concentration of the divinylbenzene of 0.5g/mL and the concentration of the azodiisobutyronitrile of 0.008 g/mL; other methods and steps are the same as those in embodiment 1, and will not be described here.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a method for preparing a porous organic polymer, comprising the steps of:
s1, dissolving terephthalaldehyde and pyrrole in glacial acetic acid to prepare an ethyl acetate mixed solution containing 0.1mol/L terephthalaldehyde and 0.1mol/L pyrrole;
s2, stirring the ethyl acetate mixed solution for 0.5h under nitrogen, then adding ferric trichloride, continuously stirring for 4h to obtain an organic polymer precursor liquid, placing the organic polymer precursor liquid in a hydrothermal reaction kettle, and heating at 180 ℃ for reaction for 72h to obtain an organic polymer reaction liquid; wherein the ratio between the ferric trichloride (mol) and the glacial acetic acid (L) is 0.05mol/L;
and S3, naturally cooling the organic polymer reaction liquid, sequentially washing with deionized water, methanol, acetone, tetrahydrofuran and chloroform, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ to obtain the porous organic polymer.
Referring to the SEM image of the prepared porous polymer, it can be seen that the prepared porous polymer has spherical particles with a size of about 100 nm.
Example 9
The composite materials prepared in examples 1 to 8 and the porous organic polymer prepared in comparative example 1 were used as an adsorbent material for carbon dioxide adsorption performance test, and the test method was as follows:
dry gas carbon dioxide adsorption performance test: 10g of adsorption material is filled in the middle section of the fixed bed reactor, and the upper and lower spare volumes are filled with quartz; heating the adsorption material to 120 ℃ under argon atmosphere with the flow rate of 100ml/min, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, then cooling to 40 ℃, and introducing CO with the volume fraction of 15% at the flow rate of 100ml/min 2 /N 2 Mixed gas (CO in mixed gas) 2 15% by volume) was fed into a fixed bed reactor, and the amount of carbon dioxide adsorbed by the adsorbent material was calculated.
Moisture carbon dioxide adsorption performance test: 10g of adsorption material is filled in the middle section of the fixed bed reactor, and the upper and lower spare volumes are filled with quartz; heating the adsorption material to 120 ℃ under argon atmosphere with the flow rate of 100ml/min, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, then cooling to 40 ℃, and mixing the CO with the volume fraction of 15% with the flow rate of 100ml/min 2 /N 2 Mixed gas (CO in mixed gas) 2 15% by volume) was introduced into an aqueous solution at 40 ℃, and then a mixture gas with water vapor was introduced into a fixed bed reactor, and the adsorption amount of the adsorbent material on moisture and carbon dioxide was calculated.
The adsorption properties of the adsorption materials prepared in examples 1 to 8 and comparative example 1 on dry gas and wet gas carbon dioxide are shown in the following table:
in summary, the preparation method of the composite material for capturing carbon dioxide is simple, the prepared composite material is porous and has good hydrophobic property, and can be used for capturing carbon dioxide in a water vapor environment, so that the influence on water vapor in the process of capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas is reduced, and the problem that the adsorption performance of carbon dioxide is reduced due to the fact that the water vapor in the flue gas occupies the adsorption position of the carbon dioxide capturing material when the flue gas is captured in the prior art is effectively solved. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. A method of preparing a composite material for capturing carbon dioxide in a water vapor environment, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, dissolving polybasic aldehyde and a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound in glacial acetic acid to prepare a mixed solution; the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound is one or a combination of pyrrole, pyridine, imidazole and quinoline; the polybasic aldehyde in the step S1 is one or a combination of isophthalaldehyde, terephthalaldehyde and trimellitic aldehyde;
s2, stirring the mixed solution for a period of time at room temperature under the protection gas, then adding ferric trichloride, continuously stirring to obtain an organic polymer precursor liquid, placing the organic polymer precursor liquid in a hydrothermal reaction kettle, and heating for reaction to obtain an organic polymer reaction liquid;
s3, cooling the organic polymer reaction liquid, washing the organic polymer reaction liquid with water and an organic solvent for a plurality of times, and placing the organic polymer reaction liquid in a vacuum drying oven for drying to obtain an organic polymer;
s4, adding divinylbenzene and azodiisobutyronitrile into the ethyl acetate solution, and stirring at room temperature to obtain an ethyl acetate mixed solution; the concentration of divinylbenzene in the ethyl acetate mixed solution is 0.02-1 g/mL; the concentration of the azodiisobutyronitrile in the ethyl acetate mixed solution is 0.001-0.01 g/mL;
and S5, grinding the organic polymer obtained in the step S3, placing the ground organic polymer into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, adding the ethyl acetate mixed solution obtained in the step S4, heating and reacting for a period of time, taking out, cooling and drying to obtain the composite material.
2. The method of preparing a composite for carbon dioxide capture in a water vapor environment of claim 1, wherein:
the concentration of the polyaldehyde in the mixed solution in the step S1 is 0.05-1 mol/L;
in the step S1, the concentration of the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound in the mixed solution is 0.05-1 mol/L.
3. The method of preparing a composite for carbon dioxide capture in a water vapor environment of claim 1, wherein: step S2 includes any one or a combination of the following:
stirring the mixed solution for 0.1-1 h at room temperature under the protection gas, and then adding ferric trichloride to continuously stir for 1-12 h;
the protective gas is one or a combination of helium, argon and nitrogen;
the temperature of the heating reaction is 120-240 ℃, and the time of the heating reaction is 24-120 h.
4. The method of preparing a composite for carbon dioxide capture in a water vapor environment of claim 1, wherein: and in the step S2, the ratio of the mole number of the ferric trichloride to the volume of the glacial acetic acid in the step S1 is 0.01-0.2 mol/L.
5. The method of preparing a composite for carbon dioxide capture in a water vapor environment of claim 1, wherein: step S3 includes any one or a combination of the following:
the organic solvent comprises one or a combination of methanol, ethanol, acetone, tetrahydrofuran and chloroform;
the washing is to wash at least one time with at least one of water and the organic solvent in turn;
the temperature of the vacuum drying oven is 60-120 ℃, and the drying time is 6-24 hours.
6. The method of preparing a composite for carbon dioxide capture in a water vapor environment of claim 1, wherein: step S4 includes any one or a combination of the following:
the divinylbenzene is one or a combination of m-styrene and p-styrene;
and stirring at room temperature for 0.5-6 hours.
7. The method of preparing a composite for carbon dioxide capture in a water vapor environment of claim 1, wherein: step S5 includes any one or a combination of the following:
the temperature of the heating reaction is 75-150 ℃;
the heating reaction time is 12-48 h;
the drying method comprises one of natural evaporation, vacuum drying and drying at 40-80 ℃.
8. An application of the composite material prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-7 in capturing carbon dioxide in a water vapor environment.
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