CN114307768B - Thermoelectric coupling flexible oscillator and driving method thereof - Google Patents

Thermoelectric coupling flexible oscillator and driving method thereof Download PDF

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CN114307768B
CN114307768B CN202210249175.0A CN202210249175A CN114307768B CN 114307768 B CN114307768 B CN 114307768B CN 202210249175 A CN202210249175 A CN 202210249175A CN 114307768 B CN114307768 B CN 114307768B
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driver
thermal shrinkage
bistable beam
power supply
oscillating
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CN114307768A (en
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李诚辉
许明
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Hangzhou Dianzi University
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Hangzhou Dianzi University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a thermoelectrically coupled flexible oscillator and a driving method thereof. The flexible oscillator comprises a machine frame, a bistable beam, an oscillating slide block, a thermal shrinkage driver and a power supply assembly. Both ends of the frame are connected with oscillating slide blocks in a sliding way. Two ends of the bistable beam are respectively fixed on two sides of the middle part of the frame; the shrink drive shortens in length as the temperature increases. One end of each of the two thermal shrinkage drivers is fixed with two side surfaces of the bistable beam respectively; the other ends of the two thermal shrinkage drivers are respectively fixed with the two oscillating slide blocks. The power supply assembly is used for supplying power to the flexible oscillator. And two connecting terminals of the thermal shrinkage driver are used as an oscillation signal output interface of the flexible oscillator. The bent elastic sheet has the characteristics that the two bent stable states can be switched by applying pressure; the periodic oscillation signal is generated by matching two thermal shrinkage drivers which are shortened in power-on and recovered in power-off and only using input of constant voltage.

Description

Thermoelectric coupling flexible oscillator and driving method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flexible oscillators, and particularly relates to a thermoelectric coupling flexible oscillator and a driving method thereof.
Background
Periodic oscillation signals are not rare in industrial production and scientific research, most of the oscillation signals used at present are realized based on electronic chips (such as a MAX038 chip and an ICL8038 chip), however, certain shielding measures need to be set under some special environments (such as underwater environment, high magnetic field environment, multi-static environment and the like), otherwise, the quality of output signals is reduced, and even the chips are damaged.
In order to enhance the adaptability of the oscillator in various special environments and ensure the reliability of the oscillator, a flexible oscillator which utilizes the oscillation generated by a mechanical structure to replace the traditional electronic hardware to generate the oscillation needs to be provided. The magnetic field sensor has the advantages of light weight, low cost, no magnetism, no complex circuit and the like, and can be practically applied in special environments.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to find a mechanical oscillator capable of normally working under special environment, and provides a thermoelectrically coupled flexible oscillator and a driving method thereof.
The invention relates to a thermoelectrically coupled flexible oscillator which comprises a rack, a bistable beam, an oscillating slide block, a thermal shrinkage driver and a power supply assembly. Both ends of the frame are connected with oscillating sliding blocks in a sliding way. Two ends of the bistable beam are respectively fixed on two sides of the middle part of the frame; in the initial state, the bistable beam is in a pre-bending state, and the middle part of the beam protrudes towards one end of the frame. The shrink drive shortens in length as the temperature increases. One end of each of the two thermal shrinkage drivers is fixed with two side surfaces of the bistable beam respectively; the other ends of the two thermal shrinkage drivers are respectively fixed with the two oscillating slide blocks. The power supply assembly is used for supplying power to the flexible oscillator. Two terminals of the thermal shrinkage driver are used as an oscillation signal output interface of the flexible oscillator.
The power supply assembly comprises a power supply and a wiring gasket. Two wiring gaskets are respectively fixed at two ends of the frame and respectively aligned with the two oscillating sliding blocks. The oscillating sliding block positioned on the concave side of the bistable beam is contacted with the wiring gasket; the oscillating slider on the convex side of the bistable beam is separated from the wiring gasket.
The first connecting terminals of the two thermal shrinkage drivers are connected to one electrode of the output interface of the power supply; the two connection pads are connected to the other electrode of the output interface of the power supply; and second connecting terminals of the two thermal shrinkage drivers are connected with the oscillating slide block. And under the state that the oscillating sliding block is contacted with the corresponding wiring gasket, the second wiring terminal of the corresponding thermal shrinkage driver is connected to the output interface of the power supply through the oscillating sliding block and the wiring gasket. The heat shrink driver begins heating when it forms a closed loop with the power supply.
Preferably, the rack comprises a mounting base, a positioning cover and a ventilation net. The two sides of the middle part of the mounting base are provided with mounting grooves which are opposite to each other. The depth direction of the mounting groove is vertical to the length direction of the rack. The two ends of the bistable beam are respectively clamped into the mounting grooves and kept fixed. The positioning cover is fixed at the end parts of the two mounting grooves. And ventilation nets are arranged on two sides of the mounting base. And a fan is arranged on the outer side or the inner side of the ventilation net and used for providing cooling air flow for the heat-shrinkable driver.
Preferably, the mounting base comprises a mounting bottom plate, a mounting groove, a supporting plate and a cylindrical sliding rail; the two mounting grooves are arranged in the center of the mounting bottom plate and are symmetrically distributed; the two supporting plates are arranged at the two ends of the mounting bottom plate; the center of the supporting plate is provided with a through hole; the outer sides of the two supporting plates are fixed with cylindrical sliding rails. The two oscillating sliders and the cylindrical slide rails on the outer sides of the two supporting plates respectively form a moving pair; the oscillating slide block and the cylindrical slide rail are mutually insulated.
Preferably, the heat-shrinkable driver adjusts the cooling rate after heating in an air cooling or liquid cooling mode, and particularly adjusts the flow rate of air flow or cooling liquid.
Preferably, the heat-shrinkable driver is in the shape of a coil spring.
Preferably, an insulating layer is arranged on the surface of the thermal shrinkage driver.
Preferably, the material of the thermal shrinkage driver is Al/ZrW2O8 composite material.
Preferably, both ends of the bistable beam are pressed to present a bending shape; in the steady state, the curved shape of the bistable beam is a cosine waveform.
Preferably, after the thermal shrinkage driver and the power supply form a closed loop, the maximum value of the pulling force generated by the thermal shrinkage driver on the bistable beam due to the shortened length is greater than or equal to the compression threshold value of the bistable beam for breaking through the stable state.
The driving method of the thermoelectrically coupled flexible oscillator is as follows:
step one, according to a preset oscillation period, setting the output voltage of a power supply and the cooling condition of a heat-shrinkable driver, so that the heating rate of the heat-shrinkable driver during power-on is consistent with the cooling rate of the heat-shrinkable driver during power-off; the faster the heating rate when the shrink drive is energized, the smaller the oscillation period of the output oscillation signal.
Step two, the heating of the thermal shrinkage driver forming a closed loop with the power supply is shortened, and a pulling force is generated on the middle part of the bistable beam; when the tension force applied to the bistable beam reaches the compression threshold value that the bistable beam maintains the stable state, the bistable beam is changed from one bending stable state to the other bending stable state; at the moment, the heat-shrinkable driver originally forming the closed loop is powered off, the heat-shrinkable driver originally powered off is powered on, the heat-shrinkable driver powered off starts to be cooled, the powered heat-shrinkable driver starts to be heated until the steady state of the bistable beam is switched again, and the two oscillation signal output interfaces output oscillation signals with the phase difference of 180 degrees in a circulating reciprocating manner.
The present invention has the following advantageous effects.
1. The bent elastic sheet has the characteristics that the two bent stable states can be switched by applying pressure; the generation of periodic oscillation signals is realized by matching two heat-shrinkable drivers which are shortened in power-on and recovered in power-off and only utilizing the input of constant voltage; because the invention does not use any logic circuit, stable and reliable oscillation signals can still be provided in various complex interference environments (such as strong magnetic field environment, underwater environment and the like).
2. The oscillator provided by the invention can be embedded into some electromechanical structures to provide simple control, eliminates the requirement on auxiliary electronic equipment through mechanical design, and reduces the design cost.
3. The invention can provide two electric oscillation signals and simultaneously provide a mechanical oscillation signal from the middle part of the bistable beam; the stable and continuous driving of the driven element can be realized by connecting the middle part of the bistable beam with the driven element which needs to do periodic reciprocating motion.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for connecting a load.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a mounting base according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the steady state transition of the bistable beam of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a thermoelectrically coupled flexible oscillator has two oscillation signal output interfaces; under the condition of inputting a constant voltage, the two oscillation signal output interfaces output two oscillation signals with a phase difference of 180 degrees; the two oscillation signals can be connected into two independent loads, the use of a controller and a logic circuit is avoided, and stable electric oscillation signals can be provided in complex environments such as strong magnetism.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the flexible oscillator includes a frame, a bistable beam 2, an oscillating slider 8, a heat shrink driver 5, and a power supply assembly. Both ends of the frame are connected with oscillating sliding blocks 8 along the length direction of the frame in a sliding way. Two ends of the bistable beam 2 are fixed at two sides of the middle part of the frame; the bistable beam 2 adopts an elastic sheet capable of repeatedly bending and deforming; in the initial state, the bistable beam 2 is in a pre-bent state, and the middle part of the beam protrudes towards one end of the frame. The shrink drive 5 shortens in length as the temperature increases. Two thermal shrinkage drivers 5 which are both in a strip shape are coaxially arranged, the opposite ends of the thermal shrinkage drivers are respectively fixed with two side faces of the bistable beam 2, and the back ends of the thermal shrinkage drivers are respectively fixed with the two oscillating slide blocks 8. The power supply assembly is used for providing constant voltage for the flexible oscillator, and is matched with the bistable beam 2 and the thermal shrinkage driver 5 to generate two oscillation signals with the phase staggered by 180 degrees. Two terminals of the thermal shrinkage driver 5 are used as an oscillation signal output interface of the flexible oscillator.
The frame includes mounting base 1, location lid 3 and ventilation net 4. Mounting grooves which are opposite to each other are formed in the two sides of the middle of the mounting base 1. The depth direction of the mounting groove is vertical to the length direction of the rack. The two ends of the bistable beam 2 are respectively clamped into the mounting grooves and kept fixed. The positioning cover 3 is fixed at the end parts of the two mounting grooves and is used for closing the end openings of the mounting grooves 1-2. The ventilation net 4 is installed on both sides of the installation base 1. The ventilation net 4 is used to facilitate cooling of the two heat shrink drives 5. A fan is mounted on the outside or inside of the ventilation net 4 to provide cooling air flow to the heat shrinkable driver 5.
As shown in fig. 4, the mounting base comprises a mounting bottom plate 1-1, a mounting groove 1-2, a supporting plate 1-3 and a cylindrical slide rail 1-4; and a wire passing hole 1-5 is formed near the central position of the mounting bottom plate 1-1. The installation grooves 1-2 are installed in the center of the installation bottom plate and are symmetrically distributed, the supporting plates 1-3 are installed at two ends of the installation bottom plate 1-1, the center of the supporting plate 1-3 is provided with a through hole 1-6, and the cylindrical sliding rail 1-4 is arranged on the outer side of the supporting plate 1-3. The oscillating slide block 8 and the corresponding cylindrical slide rail 1-4 form a moving pair, and the two are insulated from each other. The oscillating slider 8 is a conductor.
The thermal shrinkage driver 5 is in a spiral spring shape and is made of a thermal shrinkage material, so that the temperature of the thermal shrinkage driver 5 is automatically shortened when rising, and the elastic tension of the bistable beam 2 is increased. An insulating layer is provided on the surface of the heat shrink driver 5. The flexible oscillator comprises two independent thermal shrinkage drivers 5, wherein each thermal shrinkage driver 5 is spiral and is made of Al/ZrW2O8 composite material; the composite material is NTE (negative thermal expansion) negative thermal expansion material, can be directly electrified and heated, and can automatically contract along with the rise of temperature, and the surface of the thermal shrinkage driver 5 is coated with an insulating material.
The power supply assembly includes a power supply, a connection block 6, an anode lead 7, a cathode lead 9, and a connection pad 10. Two connecting blocks 6 are respectively fixed on two sides of the bistable beam 2. The opposite ends of the two thermal shrinkage drives 5 are fixedly connected with the bistable beam 2 through corresponding connecting blocks 6. Two connection pads 10 are fixed at the two ends of the frame respectively and aligned with the two oscillating sliders 8 respectively. The oscillating sliding block 8 positioned on the concave side of the bistable beam 2 is in contact with a wiring gasket 10; the oscillating slider 8 on the convex side of the bistable beam 2 is separated from the terminal pad 10.
The two connecting blocks 6 are both provided with wire mounting holes; the first terminals of the two thermal shrinkage drivers 5 are connected to a power supply through anode wires 7; the anode wires 7 are led out from the corresponding connecting blocks 6 through wire mounting holes. Second connecting terminals of the two thermal shrinkage drivers 5 are respectively connected with the two oscillating sliders 8. The connection pad 10 is connected to a power source through the cathode lead 9; when the oscillating slide block 8 is in contact with the corresponding connection pad 10, two connection terminals of the thermal shrinkage driver 5 and two poles of a power supply form a closed loop, and the thermal shrinkage driver 5 starts to heat and shorten; when the oscillating slider 8 is separated from the corresponding connection pad 10, the circuit between the pyrocondensation driver 5 and the power supply is broken, and the pyrocondensation driver 5 starts to cool and recover its length.
The bistable beam 2 is a bending beam, the two ends of which are pressed by elastic materials to be bent and deformed, the bending shape of the beam is cosine wave shape in a steady state, and when the displacement of the beam vertical to a plane exceeds a certain threshold, the beam is suddenly changed from the current steady state to another steady state (from convex to one side to convex to the other side).
As shown in fig. 5, the steady state switching principle of the thermally coupled flexible oscillator is as follows: due to the heat shrinkage characteristic and the conductive characteristic of the heat shrinkage driver, when the oscillation slide block connected with one end of the heat shrinkage driver is in contact with the corresponding connection pad, the circuit of the heat shrinkage driver is conducted, and the heat power formula of the resistor is obtainedP = I 2 RThe temperature of the shrink drive increases and its length decreases with increasing temperature, producing a shrinking forceF S . And the oscillating slide block connected with the thermal shrinkage driver is contacted and extruded with the side wiring gasket to generate shrinkage forceF S Equal and opposite support forceF N So that the thermal shrinkage driver is stable at the end, and the other end pulls the bistable beam to change the current stable state through the generated shrinkage force when the generated shrinkage displacementX S Greater than a certain thresholdX T When the current is over; the steady state of the bistable beam is destroyed, the current steady state is suddenly changed into another steady state, and the sudden change displacement generated by the sudden change of the bistable beamX B Is much larger in value than the shrinkage displacement generated by the shrinkage of the thermal shrinkage driverX S And the displacement vector directions of the two are opposite, so that after sudden change occurs, the oscillating slide block connected with the thermal shrinkage driver is separated from the side wiring gasket, the circuit is interrupted, the thermal shrinkage driver is not heated any more, and the driver is naturally cooled or artificially and actively cooled along with the environment, and then is stretched and recovered again.
The two independent thermal shrinkage drivers are named as a first driver and a second driver respectively, the thermal shrinkage driver close to the head is the first driver, and the thermal shrinkage driver close to the tail is the second driver; the oscillating sliding blocks connected with the first driver and the second driver are correspondingly named as a first sliding block and a second sliding block; the wiring gasket on the same side with the first sliding block is named as a first gasket, and the wiring gasket on the same side with the second sliding block is named as a second gasket; the stable state when the direction of bending of the bistable beam is towards the first actuator direction is named first stable state, and the stable state when the direction of bending of the bistable beam is towards the second actuator direction is named second stable state.
The method for interconversion between two stable states of the thermoelectrically coupled flexible oscillator comprises the following steps.
(1) When the bistable beam is in a first stable state, the first sliding block is separated from the first gasket and does not contact with the first gasket, and the first driver is automatically powered off; the second slider is in contact with the second pad and the second driver is automatically energized. The second actuator heats up and contracts, pulling the bistable beam from the first stable state into the second stable state.
(2) When the bistable beam is in a second stable state, the second sliding block is separated from the second gasket and does not contact with the second gasket, and the second driver is automatically powered off; the first slider contacts the first pad and the first driver is automatically energized. The first actuator heats up and contracts, pulling the bistable beam from the second stable state into the first stable state.
To ensure the stability of the flexible oscillator, the heating rate and the cooling rate of each thermal shrinkage driver are kept consistent, and the heating time is as long asT H The cooling time isT C I.e. byT H = T C . The oscillation period of the flexible oscillatorT = T H +T C = 2T H = 2T C
The driving method of the thermoelectrically coupled flexible oscillator includes a push-down step.
Step one, according to the expected oscillation period, selecting a proper direct current source (the heating rate is adjusted through the current magnitude) and a proper fan rotating speed (the cooling rate is adjusted through the wind speed magnitude), wherein the heating rate and the cooling rate are kept consistent.
And step two, turning on the power supply and adjusting the power supply to a preset current value, and turning on the fan and adjusting the fan to a preset rotating speed.
And step three, the oscillator starts to work, and the current and the fan rotating speed are finely adjusted according to the actual oscillation period.

Claims (10)

1. A thermoelectrically coupled flexible oscillator comprising a chassis and a power supply assembly; the method is characterized in that: the device also comprises a bistable beam (2), an oscillating slide block (8) and a thermal shrinkage driver (5); two ends of the frame are both connected with oscillating sliding blocks (8) in a sliding way; two ends of the bistable beam (2) are respectively fixed on two sides of the middle part of the frame; in an initial state, the bistable beam (2) is in a pre-bending state, and the middle part of the beam protrudes to one end of the rack; the thermal shrinkage driver (5) shortens the time when the temperature rises; one end of each of the two thermal shrinkage drivers (5) is fixed with two side surfaces of the bistable beam (2) respectively; the other ends of the two thermal shrinkage drivers (5) are respectively fixed with the two oscillating slide blocks (8); two wiring terminals of the thermal shrinkage driver (5) are used as an oscillation signal output interface of the flexible oscillator;
the power supply assembly comprises a power supply and a wiring pad (10); two wiring gaskets (10) are respectively fixed at two ends of the frame and respectively aligned with the two oscillating sliding blocks (8); an oscillating sliding block (8) positioned on the concave side of the bistable beam (2) is contacted with a wiring gasket (10); the oscillating sliding block (8) positioned on the convex side of the bistable beam (2) is separated from the wiring gasket (10);
the first connecting terminals of the two thermal shrinkage drivers (5) are connected to one electrode of an output interface of a power supply; both connection pads (10) are connected to the other electrode of the output interface of the power supply; second wiring terminals of the two thermal shrinkage drivers (5) are connected with the oscillating slide block (8); under the state that the oscillating sliding block (8) is contacted with the corresponding wiring gasket (10), the second wiring terminal of the corresponding thermal shrinkage driver (5) is connected to an output interface of a power supply through the oscillating sliding block (8) and the wiring gasket (10); the heat shrinkage driver (5) and a power supply start to heat when forming a closed loop;
the bistable beam (2) adopts an elastic sheet and has two stable bending states, and the two stable bending states can be switched by applying pressure; the bistable beam (2) is matched with two thermal shrinkage drivers which are shortened when electrified and recovered when power off, and a periodic oscillation signal is generated by utilizing the input of constant voltage.
2. A thermoelectrically coupled flexible oscillator according to claim 1, wherein: the machine frame comprises a mounting base (1), a positioning cover (3) and a ventilation net (4); mounting grooves which are opposite to each other are formed in the two sides of the middle part of the mounting base (1); the depth direction of the mounting groove is vertical to the length direction of the rack; two ends of the bistable beam (2) are respectively clamped into the mounting grooves and kept fixed; the positioning cover (3) is fixed at the end parts of the two mounting grooves; both sides of the mounting base (1) are provided with ventilation nets (4); and a fan is arranged on the outer side or the inner side of the ventilation net (4) and used for providing cooling air flow for the heat-shrinkable driver (5).
3. A thermoelectrically coupled flexible oscillator according to claim 2, wherein: the mounting base comprises a mounting bottom plate (1-1), a mounting groove (1-2), a supporting plate (1-3) and a cylindrical sliding rail (1-4); the two mounting grooves (1-2) are arranged in the center of the mounting bottom plate and are symmetrically distributed; two supporting plates (1-3) are arranged at two ends of the mounting bottom plate (1-1); the center of the supporting plate (1-3) is provided with a through hole (1-6); the outer sides of the two supporting plates (1-3) are respectively fixed with a cylindrical sliding rail (1-4); the two oscillating sliders (8) and the cylindrical slide rails (1-4) on the outer sides of the two supporting plates respectively form a moving pair; the oscillating slide block (8) and the cylindrical slide rail (1-4) are mutually insulated.
4. A thermoelectrically coupled flexible oscillator according to claim 1, wherein: and the thermal shrinkage driver (5) adjusts the cooling rate after heating in an air cooling or liquid cooling mode.
5. A thermoelectrically coupled flexible oscillator according to claim 1, wherein: the thermal shrinkage driver (5) is in a spiral spring shape.
6. A thermoelectrically coupled flexible oscillator according to claim 1, wherein: an insulating layer is arranged on the surface of the thermal shrinkage driver (5).
7. A thermoelectrically coupled flexible oscillator according to claim 1, wherein: the material of the thermal shrinkage driver (5) is Al/ZrW2O8 composite material.
8. A thermoelectrically coupled flexible oscillator according to claim 1, wherein: two ends of the bistable beam (2) are pressed to be bent; in a steady state, the curved shape of the bistable beam (2) is a cosine wave.
9. A thermoelectrically coupled flexible oscillator according to claim 1, wherein: after the thermal shrinkage driver (5) and the power supply form a closed loop, the maximum value of the tensile force generated by the thermal shrinkage driver (5) on the bistable beam (2) due to the shortened length is greater than or equal to the compression threshold value of the bistable beam (2) for breaking through the stable state.
10. A method of driving a thermoelectric coupled flexible oscillator as recited in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, according to a preset oscillation period, setting the output voltage of a power supply and the cooling condition of a heat-shrinkable driver (5) so that the heating rate of the heat-shrinkable driver (5) during power-on is consistent with the cooling rate during power-off; the faster the heating rate of the thermal shrinkage driver (5) when being electrified, the smaller the oscillation period of the output oscillation signal;
step two, a thermal shrinkage driver (5) forming a closed loop with a power supply is heated and shortened, and a pulling force is generated on the middle part of the bistable beam (2); when the tension force applied to the bistable beam (2) reaches a compression threshold value that the bistable beam (2) keeps a stable state, the bistable beam (2) is suddenly changed from one bending stable state to the other bending stable state; at the moment, the heat-shrinkable driver (5) originally forming the closed loop is powered off, the heat-shrinkable driver (5) originally powered off is powered on, the heat-shrinkable driver (5) powered off is cooled, the heat-shrinkable driver (5) powered on is heated until the steady state of the bistable beam (2) is switched again, the circulation is repeated, and the two oscillation signal output interfaces output oscillation signals with the phase difference of 180 degrees.
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