CN114296644A - Data management method and device for solid state disk - Google Patents
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses a data management method and a device of a solid state disk, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when a data write command sent by a host end is received, storing the logic block addresses LBA of the continuously received write command to the tail of a preset storage queue according to a receiving sequence; and continuously judging whether the data written into the solid state disk is hot data or cold data according to the LBAs of the adjacent write commands in the storage queue, and formulating different flash memory write schemes according to the hot and cold data. Through the scheme of the embodiment, the problems that the distinguishing efficiency of the current cold and hot data is not high and the occupation cost is high are solved, and the method is suitable for most use scenes.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to data storage technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for managing data in a solid state disk.
Background
Hot data in a Solid State Disk (SSD) refers to data that is frequently changed, and cold data refers to data that is less frequently changed. Data written to an SSD typically has a corresponding Logical Block Address (LBA) to identify the data, and the location where the data is stored in a NAND flash memory, i.e., a physical Address (PBA), corresponds to the LBA of the data. There are two main methods for distinguishing cold and hot data inside the SSD:
firstly, since changing the data content generally changes the physical address of the data, cold and hot data can be distinguished by judging the number of times that the PBA corresponding to a certain LBA is changed, if the PBA corresponding to a certain LBA is frequently changed, it means that the data corresponding to the LBA is frequently changed, that is, the data heat corresponding to the LBA is higher, otherwise, the data heat is lower. This approach requires counting and sorting a considerable number of LBAs, and the hot and cold data are distinguished more efficiently, but consume more space and time.
Secondly, the erasing times of the flash memory blocks are sequenced, the flash memory blocks with more erasing times mean that the data stored on the flash memory blocks are frequently changed, the data is hot data, the method is suitable for the situation that the hot data is frequently changed, because the hot data is frequently changed, the effective data in the flash memory blocks which originally store the hot data is less, the flash memory blocks can be selected by a garbage recovery algorithm and the effective data in the flash memory blocks can be moved to other flash memory blocks, and the erasing times of the flash memory blocks in a certain range are increased due to the fact that the hot data is frequently written into the flash memory blocks. This method is affected by the firmware write strategy and is only applicable to scenarios where the thermal data changes more frequently.
For storage of cold and hot data, currently, when garbage collection is performed on a flash memory of a solid state disk, the hot data is transferred to a flash memory block with a small number of write times, and the cold data is transferred to a flash memory block with a large number of write times. The method can relieve the unbalanced wear of the flash memory and properly prolong the service life of the solid state disk, but the identification and rewriting of cold and hot data during garbage recovery are difficult to process, and the efficiency is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a data management method and device for a solid state disk, which can solve the problems of low efficiency and high cost occupation of current cold and hot data differentiation and are suitable for most use scenes.
The embodiment of the application provides a data management method for a solid state disk, which may include:
when a data write command sent by a host end is received, storing the logic block addresses LBA of the continuously received write command to the tail of a preset storage queue according to a receiving sequence;
and continuously judging whether the data written into the solid state disk is hot data or cold data according to the LBA of the adjacent write commands in the storage queue.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the method further comprises:
when the data written into the solid state disk is judged to be the hot data, writing the hot data into an SLC flash memory block;
and when the data written into the solid state disk is judged to be the cold data, writing the cold data into a TLC flash memory block.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the continuously determining whether the data written in the solid state disk is hot data or cold data according to whether the LBAs of the plurality of adjacent write commands in the storage queue are consecutive may include:
when the LBAs of any adjacent write commands with the preset number in the storage queue are detected to be continuous, judging that the write data corresponding to the write commands with the preset number are cold data;
and when the LBA discontinuity of any adjacent write command in the storage queue is detected, determining that the write data corresponding to the any adjacent write command is hot data.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the method may further include:
after the judged cold data is stored in the cold data writing queue and the judged hot data is stored in the hot data writing queue, when a plurality of LBAs are detected to remain in the storage queue and the number of the LBAs is larger than 1 and smaller than the preset number, the LBAs are kept in the storage queue, and the data written into the solid state disk is judged to be the hot data or the cold data together with the LBA written into the storage queue next time.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, after continuously determining whether the data written in the solid state disk is hot data or cold data according to the LBA of the multiple adjacent write commands in the storage queue, the method may further include:
and storing the judged cold data into a preset cold data writing queue, and storing the judged hot data into a preset hot data writing queue.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the writing the hot data into the SLC flash block may include:
and writing the hot data put into the preset hot data writing queue into different SLC flash memory blocks.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the writing the cold data into the TLC flash block may include:
and writing the cold data put into the preset cold data writing queue into the same TLC flash memory block.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, after writing the hot data into a different SLC flash block, the method may further comprise:
and when the written SLC flash memory block capacity reaches the preset threshold proportion of the total SLC flash memory block capacity, reading the effective data in the SLC flash memory block with the least effective data quantity, and rewriting the effective data into TLC flash memory blocks which are not written with cold data and on different channels.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the method may further include:
establishing a first linked list for recording a first type of TLC flash memory blocks and a second linked list for recording a second type of TLC flash memory blocks;
wherein the first type TLC flash memory block is used for storing the cold data; the second type TLC flash blocks are used for storing data migrated from the SLC flash blocks.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, after writing the thermal data into the same TLC flash block, the method may further comprise:
when cold data in the TLC flash block storing the cold data needs to be moved, the cold data in the TLC flash block and new cold data are written into another TLC flash block together.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a data management apparatus for a solid state disk, which may include a processor and a computer-readable storage medium, where instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, the data management method for the solid state disk is implemented.
Compared with the related art, the embodiment of the application can comprise the following steps: when a data write command sent by a host end is received, storing the logic block addresses LBA of the continuously received write command to the tail of a preset storage queue according to a receiving sequence; continuously judging whether the data written into the solid state disk is hot data or cold data according to the LBA of the adjacent write commands in the storage queue; when the data written into the solid state disk is judged to be the hot data, writing the hot data into an SLC flash memory block; and when the data written into the solid state disk is judged to be the cold data, writing the cold data into a TLC flash memory block. Through the scheme of the embodiment, the problems that the existing cold and hot data distinguishing efficiency is not high and the occupied cost is high are solved, and the method is suitable for most use scenes.
Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the application. Other advantages of the present application may be realized and attained by the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the specification and the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide an understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the examples serve to explain the principles of the disclosure and not to limit the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a data management method of a solid state disk according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a data management apparatus of a solid state disk according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application describes embodiments, but the description is illustrative rather than limiting and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that many more embodiments and implementations are possible within the scope of the embodiments described herein. Although many possible combinations of features are shown in the drawings and discussed in the detailed description, many other combinations of the disclosed features are possible. Any feature or element of any embodiment may be used in combination with or instead of any other feature or element in any other embodiment, unless expressly limited otherwise.
The present application includes and contemplates combinations of features and elements known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments, features and elements disclosed in this application may also be combined with any conventional features or elements to form a unique inventive concept as defined by the claims. Any feature or element of any embodiment may also be combined with features or elements from other inventive aspects to form yet another unique inventive aspect, as defined by the claims. Thus, it should be understood that any of the features shown and/or discussed in this application may be implemented alone or in any suitable combination. Accordingly, the embodiments are not limited except as by the appended claims and their equivalents. Furthermore, various modifications and changes may be made within the scope of the appended claims.
Further, in describing representative embodiments, the specification may have presented the method and/or process as a particular sequence of steps. However, to the extent that the method or process does not rely on the particular order of steps set forth herein, the method or process should not be limited to the particular sequence of steps described. Other orders of steps are possible as will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. Therefore, the particular order of the steps set forth in the specification should not be construed as limitations on the claims. Further, the claims directed to the method and/or process should not be limited to the performance of their steps in the order written, and one skilled in the art can readily appreciate that the sequences may be varied and still remain within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application.
An embodiment of the present application provides a data management method for a solid state disk, and as shown in fig. 1, the method may include steps S101 to S102:
s101, when a data write command sent by a host end is received, storing Logic Block Addresses (LBA) of the continuously received write command to the tail of a preset storage queue according to a receiving sequence;
s102, continuously judging whether the data written into the solid state disk is hot data or cold data according to the LBA of the adjacent write commands in the storage queue.
In the exemplary embodiment of the present application, it is known that in the prior art, a method for distinguishing cold and hot data of a solid state disk according to LBA data change frequency needs to record the change frequency of each LBA data, and rank the frequency to form a cold and hot data rank, and the data recording the change frequency of each LBA data occupies a large space, which causes an increase in production cost or a decrease in read-write efficiency of the solid state disk. The method for distinguishing cold and hot data according to the erasing times of the flash memory block is only suitable for scenes that the cold data is changed rarely and the hot data is changed frequently, if the cold data is changed occasionally, the erasing times of the flash memory block tend to be uniform, and the method is not suitable for distinguishing the cold and hot data. In the scheme of the embodiment of the application, whether the adjacent LBAs received from the host are continuously used as the judgment standard of the cold and hot data is determined by the solid state disk, so that the change times of the LBA data are recorded without spending a large amount of extra space, and the method and the device are suitable for most practical scenes.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application may be divided into a front end and a back end, where the front end is responsible for distinguishing cold data and hot data, and the back end is responsible for storing the cold data and the hot data.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the continuously determining whether the data written in the solid state disk is hot data or cold data according to whether the LBAs of the plurality of adjacent write commands in the storage queue are consecutive may include:
when the LBA continuity of any adjacent write commands with the preset number in the storage queue is detected, judging that the write data corresponding to any adjacent write commands are cold data;
and when the LBA discontinuity of any adjacent write command in the storage queue is detected, determining that the write data corresponding to the any adjacent write command is hot data.
In the exemplary embodiment of the present application, when the SSD front end receives a data write command sent by the host end, the LBAs of a plurality of write commands received consecutively are saved to the tail of a storage queue (which may be a ring queue) capable of accommodating N (N is a positive integer) LBAs received in the receiving order. Then, comparing the LBAs of any adjacent J (i.e. the preset number, J may be a positive integer greater than or equal to 2) write commands in the storage queue according to a preset order (for example, comparing from the first stored LBA) to determine whether the write data corresponding to any adjacent J LBAs is cold data if any adjacent J LBAs are continuous.
In the exemplary embodiment of the application, based on the fact that the number of times that files such as video, audio, image files, software packages and the like are changed is small, the files belong to cold data, and the LBAs of the data are generally continuous, so that the cold data and the hot data can be distinguished according to whether the LBAs of the host side continuously written data received by the SSD are continuous in value; according to the scheme of the embodiment of the application, the data such as videos, audios, mirror image files, software packages and the like can be conveniently and efficiently judged to be cold data, the judgment efficiency is high, and the cost is low.
In the exemplary embodiment of the present application, if it is detected that any adjacent K (K may be less than or equal to J, and K is a positive integer) LBA discontinuities, write data corresponding to the K discontinuous LBA discontinuities may be determined as hot data.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the preset number (i.e., J) may be self-defined according to different scenes, and the specific value is not limited, for example, the number of J may be the number of frames of a song or a movie.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the method may further include:
after the judged cold data is stored in the cold data writing queue and the judged hot data is stored in the hot data writing queue, when a plurality of LBAs are detected to remain in the storage queue and the number of the LBAs is larger than 1 and smaller than the preset number, the LBAs are kept in the storage queue, and the data written into the solid state disk is judged to be the hot data or the cold data together with the LBA written into the storage queue next time.
In the exemplary embodiment of the present application, since if the number of the remaining LBAs is less than the preset number, even if all of the currently remaining LBAs are continuous, it cannot be determined that the write data corresponding to the plurality of LBAs is cold data, it may wait for determining that the data written to the solid state disk is hot data or cold data together with the next write to the storage queue LBA.
In the exemplary embodiment of the present application, since if the number of the remaining LBAs is less than the preset number, even if the currently remaining LBAs are not continuous, one or more LBAs that may be subsequently written are not continuous, and therefore, the currently discontinuous LBAs and the subsequently written discontinuous LBAs may be a set of hot data, if the currently remaining number is less than the preset number of LBAs are not continuous, it may also wait for determining that the data written to the solid state disk is hot data or cold data together with the storage queue LBA written next time.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the following describes a scheme of the present application by a specific embodiment, for example, if 15 LBAs are stored in the current storage queue and the 10 LBAs are named as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 in the receiving order, respectively, it is assumed that J is 5:
if adjacent 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 are continuous, the write data corresponding to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 is taken as cold data, if 6, 7 is discontinuous and 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 is continuous again, the write data corresponding to 6, 7 can be taken as hot data, and the write data corresponding to 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 is taken as another set of cold data;
if adjacent 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 is continuous, adjacent 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 is continuous, and 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 is discontinuous, write data corresponding to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 can be regarded as a set of cold data, write data corresponding to 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 can be regarded as another set of cold data, and write data corresponding to 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 can be regarded as hot data;
if 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 are continuous, adjacent 8, 9, 10, 11 are discontinuous, and adjacent 12, 13, 14, 15 are continuous, write data corresponding to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 can be regarded as a set of cold data, and write data corresponding to 8, 9, 10, 11 can be regarded as a set of hot data; 12. if the number of 13, 14, and 15 is less than 5, the cold and hot data can be determined together while waiting for the LBA to be rewritten in the storage queue.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the method further comprises:
when the data written into the solid state disk is judged to be the hot data, writing the hot data into an SLC flash memory block;
and when the data written into the solid state disk is judged to be the cold data, writing the cold data into a TLC flash memory block.
In the exemplary embodiment of the present application, unlike the prior art in which only the positions of the flash memory blocks for storing cold data and hot data are exchanged for storing cold data and hot data, the solution of the embodiment of the present application writes the cold data and the hot data into different types of flash memory blocks respectively according to the situation.
In the exemplary embodiment of the present application, storing the hot data into the SLC flash memory block can greatly improve the read-write response speed of the hot data. Because the frequency of changing the hot data is higher, and the SLC flash memory block has higher reading and writing speed and better stability compared with a TLC flash memory block, and is more suitable for storing the hot data.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, after continuously determining whether the data written in the solid state disk is hot data or cold data according to the LBA of any adjacent preset number of write commands in the storage queue, the method may further include:
and storing the judged cold data into a preset cold data writing queue, and storing the judged hot data into a preset hot data writing queue.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the writing the hot data into the SLC flash block may include:
and writing the hot data put into the preset hot data writing queue into different SLC flash memory blocks.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the writing the cold data into the TLC flash block may include:
and writing the cold data put into the preset cold data writing queue into the same TLC flash memory block.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, data in the write queue for cold data may be preferentially written to the same TLC flash block, and data in the write queue for hot data may be preferentially written to a different SLC flash block.
In the exemplary embodiment of the application, cold data are often read for a large number of times and changed for a small number of times, and the cold data are preferentially stored in one TLC flash memory block, so that the TLC flash memory block can be prevented from storing hot data again, and efficient separation of the cold data and the hot data can be realized.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the method may further include:
establishing a first linked list for recording a first type of TLC flash memory blocks and a second linked list for recording a second type of TLC flash memory blocks;
wherein the first type TLC flash memory block is used for storing the cold data; the second type TLC flash blocks are used for storing data migrated from the SLC flash blocks.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, after writing the hot data into a different SLC flash block, the method may further comprise:
and when the written SLC flash memory block capacity reaches the preset threshold proportion of the total SLC flash memory block capacity, reading the effective data in the SLC flash memory block with the least effective data quantity, and rewriting the effective data into TLC flash memory blocks which are not written with cold data and on different channels.
In the exemplary embodiment of the present application, when the SLC flash block capacity reaches the preset threshold ratio of the total SLC flash block capacity, since the flash block to which data has been written must be erased before data can be written again, the valid data in the SLC flash block with the least valid data is migrated to another TLC flash block again to erase the SLC flash block, thereby making room for the next SLC write data.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the preset threshold ratio may be defined by itself according to different application scenarios, and is not limited herein.
In the exemplary embodiment of the present application, it can be determined which part of the data stored in the SLC flash block is valid data and which part is invalid data according to the currently existing determination scheme.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, after writing the thermal data into the same TLC flash block, the method may further comprise:
when cold data in the TLC flash block storing the cold data needs to be moved, the cold data in the TLC flash block and new cold data are written into another TLC flash block together.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a data management apparatus 1 of a solid state disk, as shown in fig. 2, which may include a processor 11 and a computer-readable storage medium 12, where instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, the data management method of the solid state disk is implemented.
In the exemplary embodiment of the present application, any of the foregoing method embodiments is applicable to the apparatus embodiment, and details are not repeated here.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that all or some of the steps of the methods, systems, functional modules/units in the devices disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. In a hardware implementation, the division between functional modules/units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, one physical component may have multiple functions, or one function or step may be performed by several physical components in cooperation. Some or all of the components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a digital signal processor or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on computer readable media, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). The term computer storage media includes volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, Digital Versatile Disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can accessed by a computer. In addition, communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes any information delivery media as known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A data management method of a solid state disk is characterized by comprising the following steps:
when a data write command sent by a host end is received, storing the logic block addresses LBA of the continuously received write command to the tail of a preset storage queue according to a receiving sequence;
and continuously judging whether the data written into the solid state disk is hot data or cold data according to the LBA of the adjacent write commands in the storage queue.
2. The data management method of the solid state disk according to claim 1, further comprising:
when the data written into the solid state disk is judged to be the hot data, writing the hot data into an SLC flash memory block;
and when the data written into the solid state disk is judged to be the cold data, writing the cold data into a TLC flash memory block.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the continuously determining whether the data written in the solid state disk is hot data or cold data according to the LBA of the plurality of adjacent write commands in the storage queue includes:
when the LBAs of any adjacent write commands with the preset number in the storage queue are detected to be continuous, judging that the write data corresponding to the write commands with the preset number are cold data;
and when the LBA discontinuity of any adjacent write command in the storage queue is detected, determining that the write data corresponding to the any adjacent write command is hot data.
4. The data management method of the solid state disk according to claim 3, further comprising:
after the judged cold data is stored in the cold data writing queue and the judged hot data is stored in the hot data writing queue, when a plurality of LBAs are detected to remain in the storage queue and the number of the LBAs is larger than 1 and smaller than the preset number, the LBAs are kept in the storage queue, and the data written into the solid state disk is judged to be the hot data or the cold data together with the LBA written into the storage queue next time.
5. The method according to claim 2, wherein after continuously determining whether the data written in the solid state disk is hot data or cold data according to the LBA of the plurality of write commands adjacent to each other in the storage queue, the method further comprises:
and storing the judged cold data into a preset cold data writing queue, and storing the judged hot data into a preset hot data writing queue.
6. The data management method of the solid state disk according to claim 5,
the writing the hot data into SLC flash blocks comprises:
writing the hot data put into the preset hot data writing queue into different SLC flash memory blocks;
the writing the cold data into TLC flash blocks comprises:
and writing the cold data put into the preset cold data writing queue into the same TLC flash memory block.
7. The method for managing data on a solid state disk of claim 6, wherein after writing the hot data into different SLC flash blocks, the method further comprises:
and when the written SLC flash memory block capacity reaches the preset threshold proportion of the total SLC flash memory block capacity, reading the effective data in the SLC flash memory block with the least effective data quantity, and rewriting the effective data into TLC flash memory blocks which are not written with cold data and on different channels.
8. The method for managing data of a solid state disk according to claim 7, further comprising:
establishing a first linked list for recording a first type of TLC flash memory blocks and a second linked list for recording a second type of TLC flash memory blocks;
wherein the first type TLC flash memory block is used for storing the cold data; the second type TLC flash blocks are used for storing data migrated from the SLC flash blocks.
9. The method for managing data in a solid state disk according to claim 6, wherein after the hot data is written into the same TLC flash block, the method further comprises:
when cold data in the TLC flash block storing the cold data needs to be moved, the cold data in the TLC flash block and new cold data are written into another TLC flash block together.
10. A data management apparatus of a solid state disk, comprising a processor and a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, the data management apparatus of the solid state disk according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is implemented.
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| CN116820351A (en) * | 2023-07-21 | 2023-09-29 | 北京得瑞领新科技有限公司 | Cold and hot data calibration method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
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| CN112506445A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-03-16 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Partition proportion self-adaptive adjusting method of homogeneous hybrid solid state disk |
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