CN114285229A - Motor, vehicle and temperature monitoring method of motor - Google Patents
Motor, vehicle and temperature monitoring method of motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN114285229A CN114285229A CN202111613491.3A CN202111613491A CN114285229A CN 114285229 A CN114285229 A CN 114285229A CN 202111613491 A CN202111613491 A CN 202111613491A CN 114285229 A CN114285229 A CN 114285229A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
Abstract
The application provides a motor, a vehicle and a temperature monitoring method of the motor. The motor comprises a rotating shaft, a rotor, a stator, a bearing, a rotary transformer and a thermosensitive elastic part, wherein the rotor is sleeved on the rotating shaft, the stator is sleeved on the periphery of the rotor, the bearing is sleeved on the rotating shaft and positioned on one side of the rotor, the rotary transformer comprises a rotary transformer rotor and a rotary transformer stator which are at least partially overlapped and sleeved, the rotary transformer rotor is sleeved on the rotating shaft and positioned on one side of the rotor, and the rotary transformer stator is sleeved on the periphery of the rotary transformer rotor; the heat-sensitive elastic member is disposed between and contacts the bearing and the rotary transformer rotor, respectively. When the temperature of the bearing changes, the thermosensitive elastic part deforms to change the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer rotor and the rotary transformer stator, so that temperature change information can be obtained according to the rotary transformer output signal of the rotary transformer, and the temperature monitoring of the bearing is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of driving motors, in particular to a motor, a vehicle and a temperature monitoring method of the motor.
Background
In recent years, electric vehicles (including pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, fuel cell electric vehicles, extended range electric vehicles, and the like) have been developed rapidly and are increasingly seen by the general public.
Generally, an electric automobile generally needs to use a motor to drive a bearing to drive wheels to rotate, the service life of the bearing is strongly related to the temperature, when the temperature is too high, grease is lost, deterioration is accelerated, the lubricating effect is poor, heating is aggravated, and the bearing is finally lost in a vicious circle.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present application provide an electric machine, a vehicle, and a temperature monitoring method of the electric machine that can monitor a temperature of a bearing.
According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a motor, including a rotating shaft, a rotor sleeved on the rotating shaft, a stator sleeved on the periphery of the rotor, a bearing sleeved on the rotating shaft and located at one side of the rotor, a rotary transformer and a heat-sensitive elastic member, wherein the rotary transformer includes a rotary transformer rotor and a rotary transformer stator which are at least partially overlapped and sleeved, the rotary transformer rotor is sleeved on the rotating shaft and located at one side of the rotor, and the rotary transformer stator is sleeved on the periphery of the rotary transformer rotor; the heat-sensitive elastic member is disposed between and contacts the bearing and the rotary transformer rotor, respectively.
In some embodiments of the present application, the bearing includes a bearing inner ring sleeved on the rotating shaft, a bearing outer ring sleeved on the periphery of the bearing inner ring, and bearing balls located between the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring, and the heat-sensitive elastic member contacts the bearing inner ring and the rotary transformer rotor respectively.
In some embodiments of the present application, when the temperature of the bearing changes, the thermosensitive elastic member deforms to drive the rotary transformer rotor to move relative to the rotary transformer stator along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, so as to cause a change in an effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer rotor and the rotary transformer stator along the axial direction, and the rotary transformer obtains the temperature change information of the bearing according to the change in the effective overlapping length.
In some embodiments of this application, when heat-sensitive elastic component did not take place deformation the be close to of rotary transformer rotor the one end of bearing with be close to of rotary transformer stator the one end parallel and level of bearing, the rotary transformer rotor is followed axial direction's length is greater than the rotary transformer stator is followed axial direction's length, wherein only when the temperature of bearing is higher than preset temperature value or is higher than preset temperature range, because heat-sensitive elastic component extension drives the rotary transformer rotor removes and makes the rotary transformer rotor with the rotary transformer stator is followed axial direction's effective overlapping length diminishes.
In some embodiments of the present application, an end of the rotary transformer rotor near the bearing when the heat-sensitive elastic member is not deformed protrudes toward the bearing than an end of the rotary transformer stator near the bearing, wherein when a change in temperature of the bearing causes deformation of the heat-sensitive elastic member, an effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer rotor and the rotary transformer stator in the axial direction changes accordingly.
In some embodiments of the present application, the motor further includes an end cap positioned at one side of the rotor and the stator, the end cap having a through-hole groove formed to accommodate the rotation shaft, the bearing inner race and the rotation stator being respectively disposed on the through-hole groove.
In some embodiments of the present application, the rotating rotor and the shaft are clearance fit via a keyway.
In some embodiments of the present application, the heat-sensitive elastic member includes a heat-sensitive spring, and the heat-sensitive spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft.
In some embodiments of the present application, the resolver output signal comprises a resolver sinusoidal output voltage VsinAnd the output voltage V of the rotary-change cosinecosAnd V issin、VcosThe following relation is satisfied:
ΔL＝k1(T1-T0)
wherein L is the length of the rotary transformer stator, K is the rotary transformation ratio, and V is0Is an excitation voltage, k1Is the temperature coefficient, T, of the heat-sensitive elastic member0At room temperature, T1The temperature of the bearing, Delta L of the extension of the heat-sensitive spring, theta of the rotation-variable rotor, omega of the excitation voltage and t of the working time of the motor.
In the motor of the present application, by disposing the heat-sensitive elastic member between the bearing and the rotary transformer, when the temperature changes, the heat-sensitive elastic piece deforms to drive the rotary transformer rotor to move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft relative to the rotary transformer stator, thereby causing a change in an effective overlap length of the resolver rotor and the resolver stator in the axial direction, and then the resolver obtains the temperature change information of the bearing according to the change of the effective overlapping length (for example, the temperature change information of the bearing can be obtained according to the rotary output signal of the resolver), so that the monitoring of the temperature of the bearing is realized, the high-temperature protection measures are conveniently and accurately taken, the bearing is prevented from being invalid or damaged due to overhigh temperature, and the service life and the use safety of the motor are improved.
Further, the inventor researches and discovers that the bearing inner ring is a rotating part and is difficult to detect the temperature through a temperature sensor, the temperature of the bearing outer ring can be monitored in some related technologies, but the bearing outer ring is in contact with the motor end cover, the heat dissipation condition is better than that of the bearing inner ring, namely the temperature monitoring of the bearing inner ring is the key for avoiding the over-temperature failure of the bearing and ensuring the safe operation of the motor, therefore, the temperature change information of the bearing inner ring can be accurately monitored by arranging the heat-sensitive elastic part to be in contact with the bearing inner ring and the rotary rotor respectively, and therefore the high-temperature protection measures can be taken for the bearing more accurately.
Furthermore, when the thermal sensitive elastic element is not deformed, one end of the rotary transformer close to the thermal sensitive elastic element is flush with one end of the rotary transformer stator, and the length of the rotary transformer rotor in the axial direction of the rotating shaft is greater than that of the rotary transformer stator in the axial direction, so that when the thermal sensitive elastic element is deformed, the effective overlapping length (if decreasing) of the rotary transformer rotor and the rotary transformer stator in the axial direction of the rotating shaft is changed only when the bearing is at a high temperature, and the purpose of monitoring the temperature of the bearing through a rotary transformer output signal of the rotary transformer is achieved.
Further, when the heat-sensitive elastic member is not deformed, one end of the rotary transformer rotor close to the bearing protrudes toward the bearing than one end of the rotary transformer stator close to the bearing, wherein when the temperature of the bearing changes to cause deformation of the heat-sensitive elastic member, the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer rotor and the rotary transformer stator along the axial direction changes correspondingly, and further the temperature of the bearing is known through the change of the rotary transformer output signal, and the temperature of the bearing is specifically known to be a preset temperature value or within a preset temperature range, or lower than the preset temperature value or lower than the preset temperature range, or higher than the preset temperature value or higher than the preset temperature range, so that high-temperature protection measures, such as cooling the motor, or low-temperature starting measures can be taken, if the motor is heated, the purposes of protecting the motor safety, prolonging the service life of the motor or quickly starting the motor are achieved.
Further, the bearing is arranged in the through hole groove, the bearing inner ring and the rotary transformer stator are respectively arranged on the through hole groove, the bearing, the rotary transformer and the rotating shaft can be coaxial, a stable structure is kept, and the motor is more stable during operation.
Furthermore, the rotary transformer rotor and the rotating shaft are in clearance fit through key grooves, so that the rotating shaft can drive the rotary transformer rotor to rotate stably and reliably, and the normal work of the rotary transformer is guaranteed.
Furthermore, the thermosensitive elastic part is a thermosensitive spring, and thermosensitive induction is more sensitive, so that temperature change information can be timely and accurately reflected. In addition, the thermosensitive spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft, so that the extension and contraction of the thermosensitive spring can run along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the structural stability is improved.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a vehicle comprising the electric machine of any one of the above embodiments.
According to still another aspect of the present application, there is provided a temperature monitoring method of a motor, the method including:
acquiring a rotary transformer output signal of the rotary transformer;
judging whether the temperature of the bearing is higher than a preset temperature value or higher than a preset temperature range according to the rotary transformer output signal;
and when the temperature of the bearing is determined to be higher than the preset temperature value or higher than the preset temperature range, outputting an alarm signal or controlling to start the motor over-temperature protection function.
In the temperature monitoring method of this application vehicle and motor, through acquireing resolver's the output signal that becomes soon, and then can be based resolver's the output signal that becomes soon can obtain the temperature variation information, it is right to realize the monitoring of the temperature of bearing is being confirmed the temperature of bearing is higher than preset temperature value or is higher than output alarm signal or control when presetting the temperature range opens motor excess temperature protect function, avoids the bearing produces inefficacy or damage because of the high temperature to improve the life and the safety in utilization of motor.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a motor according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a motor according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for monitoring a temperature of a motor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The terms "first," "second," and "third," etc. in the description and claims of this application and the above-described drawings are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "comprises" and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a motor 10 according to an embodiment of the present application. The motor 10 comprises a rotating shaft 11, a rotor 12 sleeved on the rotating shaft 11, a stator 13 sleeved on the periphery of the rotor 12, a bearing 14a sleeved on the rotating shaft 11 and positioned on one side of the rotor 12, a rotary transformer 15 and a thermosensitive elastic part 16, wherein the rotary transformer 15 comprises a rotary transformer rotor 151 and a rotary transformer stator 152 which are at least partially overlapped and sleeved, the rotary transformer rotor 151 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 11 and positioned on one side of the rotor 12, and the rotary transformer stator 152 is sleeved on the periphery of the rotary transformer rotor 151; the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 is disposed between the bearing 14a and the rotary transformer rotor 151 and contacts the bearing 14a and the rotary transformer rotor 151, respectively.
It is understood that, in one embodiment, the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 may be in a natural state and contact the bearing 14a and the rotating rotor 151, respectively, or may be in a certain compression deformation state and contact the bearing 14a and the rotating rotor 151, respectively. The heat-sensitive elastic element 16 is configured to deform when the temperature changes to drive the rotary transformer 151 to move along the axial direction D of the rotating shaft 11 relative to the rotary transformer stator 152, so as to change an effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer 151 and the rotary transformer stator 152 along the axial direction D, and the rotary transformer 15 obtains the temperature change information of the bearing 14a according to the change of the effective overlapping length, for example, the change of the effective overlapping length will affect the magnitude of the rotary output signal of the rotary transformer 15, and specifically, the temperature change information of the bearing 14a can be obtained according to the rotary output signal of the rotary transformer 15.
It is understood that, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 is disposed between the bearing 14a and the rotary transformer 151 and contacts the bearing 14a and the rotary transformer 151, respectively, that is, the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 is directly connected between the bearing 14a and the rotary transformer 151 to contact the bearing 14a and the rotary transformer 151, respectively, however, in a modified embodiment, the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 is indirectly connected between the bearing 14a and the rotary transformer 151, for example, one end of the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 may be connected with the bearing 14a through a first heat-conducting connecting member, and/or the other end of the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 may be connected with the rotary transformer 151 through a second heat-conducting connecting member, as long as it can be deformed to move the rotary transformer 151 along the axial direction D of the rotating shaft 11 as compared with the rotary transformer 152, and thus the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer rotor 151 and the rotary transformer stator 152 in the axial direction D may be changed. Therefore, in a modified embodiment, the motor 10 includes a rotating shaft 11, a rotor 12 sleeved on the rotating shaft 11, a stator 13 sleeved on the periphery of the rotor 12, a bearing 14a sleeved on the rotating shaft 11 and located on one side of the rotor 12, a rotary transformer 15, and a heat-sensitive elastic element 16, wherein the rotary transformer 15 includes a rotary transformer 151 and a rotary transformer stator 152 at least partially overlapped and sleeved on each other, the rotary transformer 151 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 11 and located on one side of the bearing 14a away from the rotor 12, and the rotary transformer stator 152 is sleeved on the periphery of the rotary transformer 151; the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 is disposed between the bearing 14a and the rotary transformer rotor 151 and connects the bearing 14a and the rotary transformer rotor 151, respectively. Wherein the coupling includes direct coupling or indirect coupling via other elements.
The rotary transformer 15 is an electromagnetic sensor, and is used for measuring the angular displacement and the angular velocity of a rotating shaft of a rotating object, the rotary transformer stator 152 is used as a primary side of the transformer and receives an excitation voltage, the rotary transformer rotor 151 is used as a secondary side of the transformer, and an induced voltage is obtained through electromagnetic coupling, so that when the temperature changes, the thermosensitive elastic member 16 deforms and drives the rotary transformer rotor 151 to move along the axial direction D of the rotating shaft 11 compared with the rotary transformer stator 152, so that the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer rotor 151 and the rotary transformer stator 152 along the axial direction D is changed, the induced voltage of the rotary transformer 15 changes, and temperature change information is obtained.
Further, the bearing 14a includes a bearing inner ring 141 sleeved on the rotating shaft 11, a bearing outer ring 142 sleeved on the periphery of the bearing inner ring 141, and bearing balls 143 located between the bearing inner ring 141 and the bearing outer ring 142, and the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 contacts the bearing inner ring 141 and the rotor 151, respectively.
The motor 10 further includes an end cap 17, the end cap 17 is located at one side of the rotor 12 and the stator 13, the end cap 17 has a through hole groove 171 formed to accommodate the rotating shaft 11, and the bearing inner ring 141 and the rotation stator 152 are respectively disposed on the through hole groove 171.
Further, the rotary transformer 151 and the rotary shaft 11 may be clearance-fitted by a key groove. It can be understood that the key slot clearance fit means that the through hole wall of the through hole at the periphery of the rotating shaft 11 and the outer surface of the rotating shaft 11 are connected through a plurality of mutually embedded protrusions and grooves, and there may be a clearance between the through hole wall and the outer surface, so that the rotating shaft 11 can stably drive the rotating rotor 151 to rotate.
Specifically, the motor 10 further includes a casing 18, an end cover 19 and a bearing 14b, the casing 18 includes a side wall structure 181 sleeved outside the stator 13, the end cover 17 is connected to one end of the side wall structure 181, the end cover 19 is connected to the other end of the side wall structure 181, the end cover 19 includes a through hole groove 191 penetrating through the end cover 19 along the axial direction D, the bearing 14b is located in the through hole groove 191, and the rotating shaft 11 penetrates through the through hole groove 191; the rotor 12 includes a rotor core; the stator 13 includes a stator core and a winding.
It can be understood that, in this embodiment, the side wall structure 181 of the casing 18 encloses a hollow cylindrical structure, the end cover 17 is connected to one end of the side wall structure 181, the end cover 19 is connected to the other end of the side wall structure 181, so as to form an accommodating space, the rotating shaft 11 penetrates through the through hole groove 171 and the through hole groove 191 along the axial direction D, and the stator 13 and the rotor 12 are accommodated in the accommodating space.
Further, the through hole groove 171 includes a first portion 171a close to the rotor 12 and a second portion 171b communicating with the first portion 171a and located on a side of the first portion 171a away from the rotor 12, the bearing 14a is located on the first portion 171a, at least a portion of the rotation transformation rotor 151 is located on the second portion 171b, and the rotation transformation stator 152 is located on the second portion 171 b; the diameter of the second portion 171b is larger than the diameter of the first portion 171 a.
Further, the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 is an object whose length changes under the influence of temperature. As shown in fig. 1, in one embodiment, when the thermosensitive elastic member 16 is not deformed, one end of the rotary transformer 151 close to the thermosensitive elastic member 16 is flush with one end of the rotary transformer 152, and the length of the rotary transformer 151 in the axial direction D is greater than that of the rotary transformer 152 in the axial direction D, so that when the thermosensitive elastic member 16 is deformed, the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer 151 and the rotary transformer 152 in the axial direction D can be changed only when the bearing 14a is at a high temperature, thereby achieving the purpose of monitoring the temperature of the bearing 14a through the rotary output signal of the rotary transformer 15.
As shown in fig. 1, when the temperature of the bearing 14a is higher than a preset temperature value or higher than a preset temperature range, the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 is elongated, and the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer 151 and the rotary transformer 152 in the axial direction D of the rotary shaft 11 may become small. Specifically, when the temperature of the bearing 14a is a preset temperature value or within a preset temperature range, the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 is not deformed, one end of the rotary transformer 151 close to the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 is flush with one end of the rotary transformer 152, one end of the rotary transformer 151 far away from the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 protrudes out of the other end of the rotary transformer 152, and an effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer 151 and the rotary transformer 152 in the axial direction D is a first preset length value; when the temperature of the bearing 14a is lower than the preset temperature value or lower than the preset temperature range, the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 contracts, one end of the rotary transformer rotor 151, which is close to the heat-sensitive elastic member 16, moves toward the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 and protrudes out of one end of the rotary transformer stator 152, one end of the rotary transformer rotor 151, which is far away from the heat-sensitive elastic member 16, protrudes out of the other end of the rotary transformer stator 152 or is flush with the other end of the rotary transformer stator 152, and the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer rotor 151 and the rotary transformer stator 152 in the axial direction D is the first preset length value; when the temperature of the bearing 14a is higher than the preset temperature value or higher than the preset temperature range, the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 extends, one end of the rotary transformer rotor 151, which is close to the heat-sensitive elastic member 16, moves towards one end, which is far away from the heat-sensitive elastic member 16, and retracts inwards compared with one end of the rotary transformer stator 152, one end, which is far away from the heat-sensitive elastic member 16, of the rotary transformer rotor 151 protrudes out of the other end of the rotary transformer stator 152, the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer rotor 151 and the rotary transformer stator 152 in the axial direction D is a second preset length value, and the second preset length value is smaller than the first preset length value.
The heat-sensitive elastic member 16 may be a heat-sensitive spring, and the heat-sensitive spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft 11. It will be appreciated that the heat sensitive spring is more sensitive to deformation under the influence of temperature. However, it is understood that in other embodiments, the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 may be another object whose length changes with temperature. The safe working temperature of the bearing 14a may be a preset temperature value or a preset temperature range, when the temperature of the bearing 14a during working is a preset temperature value or a preset temperature range, the thermal spring is not deformed, one end of the rotary transformer 151 close to the thermal spring is flush with one end of the rotary transformer 152, because the length of the rotary transformer 151 in the axial direction D is greater than the length of the rotary transformer 152 in the axial direction D, when the thermal spring is not deformed, one end of the rotary transformer 151 away from the thermal spring protrudes out of the other end of the rotary transformer 152, the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer 151 and the rotary transformer 152 in the axial direction D is a first preset length value, that is, the first preset length value is the length of the rotary transformer 152, the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer 151 and the rotary transformer 152 in the axial direction D is largest at this time; when the temperature of the bearing 14a during operation is lower than the preset temperature value or lower than the preset temperature range, the thermal spring contracts, one end of the rotary transformer 151 close to the thermal spring moves towards the thermal spring and protrudes out of one end of the rotary transformer 152, one end of the rotary transformer 151 away from the thermal spring protrudes out of the other end of the rotary transformer 152 or is flush with the other end of the rotary transformer 152, the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer 151 and the rotary transformer 152 along the axial direction D is still the first preset length value, and at this time, the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer 151 and the rotary transformer 152 along the axial direction D is the maximum; when the temperature of the bearing 14a during operation is higher than the preset temperature value or higher than the preset temperature range, the thermal spring is extended, one end of the rotary transformer 151 close to the thermal spring moves toward one end far away from the thermal spring while being retracted compared to one end of the rotary transformer stator 152, one end of the rotary transformer rotor 151 away from the thermal spring protrudes out of the other end of the rotary transformer stator 152, the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer 151 and the rotary transformer stator 152 in the axial direction D is a second preset length value, and at this time, since the second preset length value is smaller than the first preset length value, the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer 151 and the rotary transformer 152 in the axial direction D becomes smaller, thereby causing a change in the resolver output signal of the resolver 15, and outputting temperature change information.
As shown in fig. 2, in a modified embodiment, when the thermosensitive elastic member 16 is not deformed, one end of the rotary transformer 151 close to the thermosensitive elastic member 16 may protrude from one end of the rotary transformer stator 152, wherein when the thermosensitive elastic member 16 is deformed due to a temperature change of the bearing 14a, an effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer 151 and the rotary transformer stator 152 in the axial direction D is correspondingly changed, so that the temperature of the bearing 14a is known through a change of a rotary transformer output signal of the rotary transformer 15.
As shown in fig. 2, when the temperature of the bearing 14a is higher than a preset temperature value or higher than a preset temperature range, the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 elongates, and the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer 151 and the rotary transformer 152 in the axial direction D becomes large. Specifically, when the temperature of the bearing 14a is a preset temperature value or within a preset temperature range, the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 is not deformed, one end of the rotary transformer 151 close to the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 may protrude from one end of the rotary transformer stator 152, one end of the rotary transformer 151 far from the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 may be retracted relative to the rotary transformer stator 152, and an effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer 151 and the rotary transformer stator 152 in the axial direction D is a third preset length value; when the temperature of the bearing 14a is lower than the preset temperature value or lower than the preset temperature range, the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 contracts, one end of the rotary variable rotor 151, which is close to the heat-sensitive elastic member 16, moves toward the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 and further protrudes out of one end of the rotary variable stator 152, one end of the rotary variable rotor 151, which is far away from the heat-sensitive elastic member 16, further retracts compared with the other end of the rotary variable stator 152, the effective overlapping length of the rotary variable rotor 151 and the rotary variable stator 152 in the axial direction D becomes the fourth preset length value, and the fourth preset length value is smaller than the third preset length value; when the temperature of the bearing 14a is higher than the preset temperature value or higher than the preset temperature range, the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 extends, one end of the rotary transformer rotor 151, which is close to the heat-sensitive elastic member 16, moves towards one end, which is far away from the heat-sensitive elastic member 16, and protrudes or is flush with one end of the rotary transformer stator 152, one end, which is far away from the heat-sensitive elastic member 16, of the rotary transformer rotor 151 is retracted or is flush with the other end of the rotary transformer stator 152, the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer rotor 151 and the rotary transformer stator 152 in the axial direction D is a fifth preset length value, and the fifth preset length value is greater than the third preset length value. It can be seen that, in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, it can be specifically known through the rotary transformer 15 that the temperature of the bearing 14a is a preset temperature value or within a preset temperature range, or is lower than the preset temperature value or lower than the preset temperature range, or is higher than the preset temperature value or higher than the preset temperature range, so that high-temperature protection measures can be taken, such as cooling the motor 10, or low-temperature starting measures can be taken, such as heating the motor 10, to achieve the purposes of protecting the motor 10, prolonging the service life of the motor 10, or starting the motor quickly. It is understood that, in the modified embodiment, the length of the rotary transformer 151 in the axial direction D and the length of the rotary transformer 152 in the axial direction D may be set according to actual requirements.
Specifically, the rotary output signal of the rotary transformer 15 includes a rotary sinusoidal output voltage VsinAnd the output voltage V of the rotary-change cosinecosAnd V issin、VcosThe following relation is satisfied:
ΔL＝k1(T1-T0)
wherein L is the length of the resolver stator 152, K is the resolver ratio, and V is0Is an excitation voltage, k1Is the temperature coefficient, T, of the heat-sensitive elastic member0At room temperature, T1The temperature of the bearing, Delta L of the extension of the heat-sensitive spring, theta of the rotation-variable rotor, omega of the excitation voltage and t of the working time of the motor. It is understood that the azimuth angle of the rotary transformer rotor is a rotation angle of the current position of the rotary transformer rotor with respect to the initial position, and is in the range of 0 to 360 degrees.
In the motor 10 of the present application, by disposing the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 between the bearing 14a and the rotary transformer 151, the deformation of the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 can drive the rotary transformer 151 to move along the axial direction D of the rotating shaft 11 compared with the rotary transformer 152 when the temperature changes, so as to change the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer 151 and the rotary transformer 152 along the axial direction D, and then the rotary transformer 15 obtains the temperature change information of the bearing 14a according to the change of the effective overlapping length (for example, the temperature change information of the bearing 14a can be obtained according to the rotary output signal of the rotary transformer 15), thereby monitoring the temperature of the bearing 14a, facilitating accurate adoption of high temperature protection measures, and avoiding the bearing 14a from failure or damage due to over-high temperature, thereby improving the service life and safety of the motor 10.
Moreover, the inventor has found that, the bearing inner ring 141 is a rotating component, and it is difficult to detect the temperature thereof by a temperature sensor, and the temperature of the bearing outer ring can be monitored in some related technologies, but the bearing outer ring 142 can be generally in contact with the end cover 17, and the heat dissipation condition is better than that of the bearing inner ring 141, that is, the temperature monitoring of the bearing inner ring 141 is the key to avoid the over-temperature failure of the bearing 14a and ensure the safe operation of the motor 10, so that the temperature change information of the bearing inner ring 141 can be accurately monitored by connecting the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 between the bearing inner ring 141 and the rotor 151, and thus the high-temperature protection measures can be more accurately taken for the bearing 14 a. In addition, it can be understood that the present embodiment mainly takes how to monitor the temperature of the bearing 14a as an example, in the modified embodiment, another heat-sensitive elastic member and another resolver may also be further provided, the another heat-sensitive elastic member is connected between the bearing 14b and the another resolver, and the change of the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer rotor and the rotary transformer stator of the another resolver caused by the deformation of the another heat-sensitive elastic member when the temperature changes, so that the temperature of the bearing 14b can be known by detecting the rotary output signal of the another resolver, so as to determine whether to alarm and adopt the motor over-temperature protection measure according to the temperature of the bearing 14 b.
Further, by disposing the bearing 14a in the through hole groove 171, disposing the resolver stator 152 on the end cover 17, disposing the rotating shaft 11 through the through hole groove 171, and disposing the bearing 14a in the first portion 171a of the through hole groove 171, at least a portion of the resolver rotor 151 and the resolver stator 152 are disposed in the second portion 171b of the through hole groove 171, and the diameter of the second portion 171b is larger than that of the first portion 171a, the bearing 14a, the resolver 15 and the rotating shaft 11 can be made coaxial, and a stable structure is maintained, so that the motor 10 is more stable in operation.
Furthermore, the end cover 17 is connected with one end of the side wall structure 181, the end cover 19 is connected with the other end of the side wall structure 181, and a containing cavity can be formed to contain the rotating shaft 11, the rotor 12 and the stator 13 therein, so that the motor 10 has a more compact structure, is not easily influenced by foreign objects, and is safer and more stable when the motor 10 works.
Further, when the thermal elastic member 16 is not deformed, one end of the rotary transformer 151 close to the thermal elastic member 16 is flush with one end of the rotary transformer 152, and the length of the rotary transformer 151 in the axial direction D of the rotating shaft 11 is greater than the length of the rotary transformer 152 in the axial direction D, so that when the thermal elastic member 16 is deformed, the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer 151 and the rotary transformer 152 in the axial direction D of the rotating shaft 11 is changed only when the bearing is at a high temperature, and the purpose of monitoring the temperature of the bearing 14a through the rotary transformer output signal of the rotary transformer 15 is achieved. Further, when the temperature of the bearing 14a is higher than a preset temperature value or a preset temperature range, the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 extends, the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer 151 and the rotary transformer stator 152 along the axial direction D of the rotating shaft 11 becomes small, and then the temperature of the bearing 14a is known through the change of the rotary transformer 15 rotary transformer output signal, so that high-temperature protection measures can be taken, for example, the motor 10 is cooled, and the purposes of protecting the safety of the motor 10 and prolonging the service life of the motor 10 are achieved. Specifically, the temperature of the bearing 14a is a preset temperature value or in a preset temperature range or the temperature of the bearing 14a is lower than the preset temperature value or lower than the preset temperature range, the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer rotor 151 and the rotary transformer stator 152 in the axial direction D is the first preset length value, so that the temperature of the bearing 14a can be known according to the rotary transformer output signal, and the temperature is not higher than the preset temperature value or the preset temperature range, and the motor over-temperature protection function is not needed. Bearing 14 a's temperature is higher than preset temperature value or be higher than during the preset temperature range, rotary transformer rotor 151 with rotary transformer stator 152 follows axial direction D's effective length of overlapping is the second length value of predetermineeing, the second length value of predetermineeing is less than first length value of predetermineeing, the basis rotary transformer output signal's change can learn bearing 14 a's temperature is higher than preset temperature value or is higher than preset temperature range to can take high temperature protection measure, it is right motor 10 cools down, protects motor 10 safety, extension motor 10 life.
In a modified embodiment, when the thermosensitive elastic member 16 is not deformed, an end of the rotary transformer 151 close to the bearing 14a protrudes toward the bearing 14a than an end of the rotary transformer 152 close to the bearing 14a, wherein when the thermosensitive elastic member 16 is deformed due to a change in temperature of the bearing 14a, an effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer 151 and the rotary transformer 152 in the axial direction D correspondingly changes, so that the temperature of the bearing 14a is known through a change in a rotary output signal of the rotary transformer 15, and it can be specifically known whether the temperature of the bearing 14a is a preset temperature value or within a preset temperature range, or is lower than a preset temperature value or lower than a preset temperature range, or is higher than a preset temperature value or higher than a preset temperature range, so that a high-temperature protection measure can be taken, for example, the motor 10 is cooled, or a low-temperature starting measure, such as heating the motor 10, is adopted, so as to achieve the purposes of protecting the motor 10, prolonging the service life of the motor 10, or starting the motor quickly. Specifically, in a modified embodiment, when the temperature of the bearing 14a is higher than a preset temperature value or higher than a preset temperature range, the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 extends, the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer 151 and the rotary transformer stator 152 along the axial direction D of the rotating shaft 11 becomes large, and the temperature of the bearing 14a can also be known through the change of the rotary transformer output signal of the rotary transformer 15, so that a high-temperature protection measure or a low-temperature starting measure can be taken, for example, the motor 10 is cooled, the motor 10 is heated, and the purposes of protecting the safety of the motor 10, prolonging the service life of the motor 10, or starting the motor quickly and the like are achieved.
Further, the rotary transformer rotor 151 and the rotating shaft 11 are in clearance fit through a key slot, so that the rotating shaft 11 can stably drive the rotary transformer rotor 151 to rotate, and the normal operation of the rotary transformer 15 is ensured.
Further, the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 includes, but is not limited to, a heat-sensitive spring, and may be another object whose length is affected by temperature. When the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 is a heat-sensitive spring, the heat-sensitive sensing is more sensitive, and the temperature change information can be more timely and accurately reflected.
Further, in an embodiment, the motor may further include a temperature monitoring module, where the temperature monitoring module may be electrically connected to the rotary transformer 15 and configured to receive a rotary output signal of the rotary transformer 15, determine whether the temperature of the bearing 14a is higher than a preset temperature value or a preset temperature range according to the rotary output signal, and output an alarm signal or control to start an over-temperature protection function of the motor 10 when the temperature of the bearing 14a is higher than the preset temperature value or the preset temperature range. Specifically, the temperature monitoring module may store the rotational sinusoidal output voltage VsinAnd the output voltage V of the rotary-change cosinecosAnd the heat-sensitive elastic member 16 satisfies the following conditional expression:
ΔL＝k1(T1-T0)
wherein L is the length of the resolver stator 152, K is the resolver ratio, and V is0Is an excitation voltage, k1Is the temperature coefficient, T, of the heat-sensitive elastic member0At room temperature, T1The temperature of the bearing, Delta L of the extension of the heat-sensitive spring, theta of the rotation-variable rotor, omega of the excitation voltage and t of the working time of the motor.
The temperature monitoring module receives the rotary-change sinusoidal output voltage VsinAnd the output voltage V of the rotary-change cosinecosThe temperature T of the bearing 14a can be calculated according to the above conditional expression1Further, the T can be further judged1Whether the temperature is higher than a preset temperature value or higher than a preset temperature range; and outputting an alarm signal or controlling to start an over-temperature protection function of the motor when the temperature of the bearing is determined to be higher than the preset temperature value or higher than the preset temperature range.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, and the vehicle may include the motor 10 according to any one of the above embodiments. Further, in the above embodiment, the temperature monitoring module is provided in the motor 10, but in a modified embodiment, the temperature monitoring module may be provided in a central control system of the vehicle, or a part of the temperature monitoring module (for example, receiving the rotation change output signal and calculating the temperature T of the bearing 14 a)1Part(s) is provided in the motor 10, and another part (e.g., a part that outputs an alarm signal or controls the activation of a motor overheat protection function) is provided in a central control system of the vehicle that is located outside the motor. Further, it is understood that, in an embodiment, the temperature monitoring module may also control to start a low-temperature starting function of the motor, such as heating the motor 10, when it is determined that the temperature of the bearing 14a is lower than the preset temperature value or lower than a preset temperature range.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for monitoring a temperature of a motor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The temperature monitoring module can monitor the temperature of the vehicle and/or protect the vehicle from over-temperature by adopting a temperature monitoring method. Specifically, the temperature monitoring method comprises the following steps:
step S101: a resolver output signal of the resolver 15 is obtained.
Specifically, the temperature coefficient of the thermosensitive spring is k1Room temperature is T0Bearing inner race 141 temperature T1The elongation Δ L of the heat-sensitive spring satisfies the following relation:
ΔL＝k1(T1-T0)
the rotary output signal of the rotary transformer 15 comprises a rotary sinusoidal output voltage VsinAnd the output voltage V of the rotary-change cosinecosAnd V issin、VcosThe following relation is satisfied:
ΔL＝k1(T1-T0)
wherein L is the length of the resolver stator 152, K is the resolver ratio, and V is0Is an excitation voltage, k1Is the temperature coefficient, T, of the heat-sensitive elastic member0At room temperature, T1The temperature of the bearing, Delta L of the extension of the heat-sensitive spring, theta of the rotation-variable rotor, omega of the excitation voltage and t of the working time of the motor. It is understood that the azimuth angle of the rotary transformer rotor is a rotation angle of the current position of the rotary transformer rotor with respect to the initial position, and is in the range of 0 to 360 degrees.
Step S102: and judging whether the temperature of the bearing 14a is higher than a preset temperature value or higher than a preset temperature range according to the rotary transformer output signal.
After the temperature of the bearing inner ring 141 of the bearing 14a is obtained through the step S101, it is determined whether the temperature of the bearing inner ring 141 of the bearing 14a is higher than a preset temperature value or higher than a preset temperature range.
Step S103: and when the temperature of the bearing 14a is determined to be higher than the preset temperature value or higher than the preset temperature range, outputting an alarm signal or controlling to start the over-temperature protection function of the motor 10.
When the temperature of the bearing inner ring 141 of the bearing 14a is higher than the preset temperature value or higher than the preset temperature range, an alarm signal may be output to remind a user to take an over-temperature protection measure, or to control the vehicle to start an over-temperature protection function of the motor 10, such as reducing the rotation speed of the motor 10, increasing the circulation of the vehicle coolant, and the like.
In the temperature monitoring method of this application motor, through temperature monitoring module receives resolver 15's the output signal that becomes soon, and basis it judges to become soon whether bearing 14 a's temperature is higher than predetermineeing the temperature value or is higher than predetermineeing the temperature range, can be in the affirmation bearing 14 a's temperature is higher than predetermineeing the temperature value or be higher than output alarm signal or control open motor 10 overtemperature protection function when predetermineeing the temperature range to avoid the bearing to become invalid excessively warm, guarantee motor safe operation.
In one embodiment, the method for monitoring the temperature of the motor may further include the steps of: and when the temperature of the bearing 14a is determined to be lower than the preset temperature value or lower than the preset temperature range, controlling to start a low-temperature starting function of the motor, such as heating the motor 10.
The above disclosure is only one embodiment of the present application, and certainly does not limit the scope of the present application, which is therefore intended to cover all modifications and equivalents of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An electric machine, the electric machine comprising:
a rotating shaft;
the rotor is sleeved on the rotating shaft;
the stator is sleeved on the periphery of the rotor;
the bearing is sleeved on the rotating shaft and is positioned on one side of the rotor;
characterized in that, the motor still includes:
the rotary transformer comprises a rotary transformer rotor and a rotary transformer stator which are at least partially overlapped and sleeved, the rotary transformer rotor is sleeved on the rotating shaft and positioned on one side of the rotor, and the rotary transformer stator is sleeved on the periphery of the rotary transformer rotor;
a heat-sensitive elastic member disposed between and contacting the bearing and the rotary transformer rotor, respectively.
2. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein: the bearing comprises a bearing inner ring sleeved on the rotating shaft, a bearing outer ring sleeved on the periphery of the bearing inner ring and bearing balls located between the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring, and the thermosensitive elastic part is respectively contacted with the bearing inner ring and the rotary transformer rotor.
3. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein: when the temperature of the bearing changes, the heat-sensitive elastic piece deforms to drive the rotary transformer rotor to move relative to the rotary transformer stator along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, so that the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer rotor and the rotary transformer stator along the axial direction changes, and the rotary transformer obtains the temperature change information of the bearing according to the change of the effective overlapping length.
4. The electric machine of claim 3, wherein: when the thermosensitive elastic piece is not deformed, one end of the rotary transformer rotor close to the bearing is flush with one end of the rotary transformer stator close to the bearing, the length of the rotary transformer rotor along the axial direction is greater than that of the rotary transformer stator along the axial direction,
when the temperature of the bearing is higher than a preset temperature value or higher than a preset temperature range, the heat-sensitive elastic piece stretches to drive the rotary transformer rotor to move, so that the effective overlapping length of the rotary transformer rotor and the rotary transformer stator along the axial direction is reduced.
5. The electric machine of claim 3, wherein: one end of the rotary transformer rotor close to the bearing protrudes towards the bearing than one end of the rotary transformer stator close to the bearing when the heat-sensitive elastic piece is not deformed,
when the temperature of the bearing changes to cause the deformation of the heat-sensitive elastic piece, the effective overlapping length of the rotary variable rotor and the rotary variable stator along the axial direction changes correspondingly.
6. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein: the motor also comprises an end cover, the end cover is positioned on one side of the rotor and one side of the stator, the end cover is provided with a through hole groove for accommodating the rotating shaft, and the bearing inner ring and the rotary transformer stator are respectively arranged on the through hole groove;
the rotary transformer rotor and the rotating shaft are in clearance fit through key grooves.
7. The electric machine according to any of claims 1-6, characterized in that: the heat-sensitive elastic part comprises a heat-sensitive spring, and the heat-sensitive spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft.
8. The electric machine of claim 7, wherein: the rotary transformer has rotary output signal comprising rotary sinusoidal output voltage VsinAnd the output voltage V of the rotary-change cosinecosAnd V issin、VcosThe following relation is satisfied:
ΔL＝k1(T1-T0)
wherein L is the length of the rotary transformer stator, K is the rotary transformation ratio, and V is0Is an excitation voltage, k1Is the temperature coefficient, T, of the heat-sensitive elastic member0At room temperature, T1The temperature of the bearing, Delta L of the extension of the heat-sensitive spring, theta of the rotation-variable rotor, omega of the excitation voltage and t of the working time of the motor.
9. A vehicle comprising an electric machine according to any one of claims 1-8.
10. A method of monitoring the temperature of an electrical machine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprising:
acquiring a rotary transformer output signal of the rotary transformer;
judging whether the temperature of the bearing is higher than a preset temperature value or higher than a preset temperature range according to the rotary transformer output signal;
and when the temperature of the bearing is determined to be higher than the preset temperature value or higher than the preset temperature range, outputting an alarm signal or controlling to start the motor over-temperature protection function.
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| CN202111613491.3A CN114285229B (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2021-12-27 | Motor, vehicle and temperature monitoring method of motor |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN115342118A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-11-15 | 杭州鑫凯传动机械有限公司 | Automatic circulation liquid cooling type universal joint cross |
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| CN114285229B (en) | 2023-05-12 |
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