CN114285157A - On-line state monitoring system for switch cabinet - Google Patents

On-line state monitoring system for switch cabinet Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114285157A
CN114285157A CN202111344950.2A CN202111344950A CN114285157A CN 114285157 A CN114285157 A CN 114285157A CN 202111344950 A CN202111344950 A CN 202111344950A CN 114285157 A CN114285157 A CN 114285157A
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image
temperature
module
color
value
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Inventor
宋昭昭
岳雪岭
牛君玲
李杨
窦征
马效冉
刘欢
杨艳萍
石利明
冯文成
闫重熙
孙华
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Jiaozuo Power Supply Co of State Grid Henan Electric Power Co Ltd
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Jiaozuo Power Supply Co of State Grid Henan Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
    • Y04S40/126—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wireless data transmission

Abstract

The invention relates to an on-line state monitoring system of a switch cabinet, which comprises a switch cabinet temperature monitoring unit, a contact temperature monitoring unit, a temperature acquisition module, a current acquisition module and a temperature measurement main control terminal module, the system comprises a running state database, a monitoring background, a linkage unit, an RS485/RS232 converter and a DTU-GPRS module, wherein the RS485/RS232 converter and the DTU-GPRS module are used for enabling a temperature measurement main control terminal module to be in communication connection with the monitoring background; the invention has the advantages of supporting the linkage function, monitoring in real time, automatically early warning and preventing false alarm.

Description

On-line state monitoring system for switch cabinet
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of switch cabinets, and particularly relates to an on-line state monitoring system for a switch cabinet.
Background
The switch cabinet is one of important equipment for ensuring the safe operation of a power system, but accidents are often caused by local overheating of the switch cabinet to cause loss, and in the conventional overheat fault detection of the switch cabinet, manual inspection is adopted, so that time and labor are wasted, and the accidents are not easy to find in time; therefore, it is very necessary to provide an on-line status monitoring system for a switch cabinet, which supports a linkage function, performs real-time monitoring, automatically performs early warning, and prevents false alarm.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an on-line state monitoring system of a switch cabinet, which supports a linkage function, monitors in real time, automatically warns in advance and prevents false alarms.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the on-line state monitoring system of the switch cabinet comprises a switch cabinet temperature monitoring unit, a contact temperature monitoring unit, a temperature acquisition module, a current acquisition module, a temperature measurement main control terminal module, an operation state database, a monitoring background, a linkage unit, an RS485/RS232 converter and a DTU-GPRS module, wherein the RS485/RS232 converter and the DTU-GPRS module are used for the temperature measurement main control terminal module to be in communication connection with the monitoring background, the switch cabinet temperature monitoring unit comprises a bus chamber temperature sensor, a switch chamber temperature sensor, a cable chamber temperature sensor and an external environment temperature sensor, the contact temperature monitoring unit comprises a moving contact temperature sensor and a static contact temperature sensor, the bus chamber temperature sensor, the switch chamber temperature sensor, the cable chamber temperature sensor, the external environment temperature sensor, the moving contact temperature sensor and the static contact temperature sensor respectively comprise an infrared detector and a visible light detector, the temperature measurement main control terminal module comprises a remote real-time temperature analysis module and a remote real-time state monitoring module, the linkage unit comprises a PLC control module and an alarm module, the PLC control module comprises a fan, and the alarm module comprises a short message alarm module and an audible and visual alarm module.
The on-line state monitoring system of the switch cabinet comprises: it comprises the following steps:
step 1): after the monitoring system is electrified, the temperature t of each room (a bus room, a switch room and a cable room) is respectively measured every 6min every 1h after the temperature monitoring unit of the switch cabinet and the contact temperature monitoring unit start to collect, and the current I passing through the switch cabinet and the external environment temperature t at the moment are recordedAmbient temperatureAccording to the principle of the direct proportion correlation between the temperature change and the square of the current, a parameter P is provided: p ═ P8+P9+P10) A/3, wherein each chamber P takes three recording points P after each hournAverage value of (1), Pn＝(t-tAmbient temperature)/I2，n＝1，2，...，10；
Step 2): after the monitoring system is electrified, the temperature of the bus chamber, the switch chamber and the cable chamber is measured once every 1h and recorded as: t is t0、t1、t2And simultaneously recording the external environment temperature t of the switch cabinet at the momentAmbient temperatureBecause the ratio of the temperature change between two adjacent rooms in the switch cabinet causes certain influence on the operation of the switch cabinet, the K parameter is provided:
Figure BDA0003353672290000021
Knrespectively represent a bus chamber, a switch chamber and a cableThe K value of the chamber, n ═ 1, 2, 3;
step 3): the temperature measurement main control terminal module analyzes and processes related data through a remote real-time temperature analysis module and a remote real-time state monitoring module;
step 4): judging P > (1+ 5%) P0Or Kn＞(1+9％)K0In which P is0Is a calculated value of P within the first hour after the start of collection of the monitoring system, K0The calculated value of K in the first hour after the monitoring system starts to collect;
step 5): if any one of the judgment results in the step 4) is yes, the temperature measurement main control terminal module starts the alarm module and the PLC control module through the linkage unit, and simultaneously generates alarm information to be sent to the monitoring background;
step 6): according to the instruction of the temperature measurement main control terminal module in the step 5), the alarm module starts the short message alarm module and the acousto-optic alarm module to give an alarm, and the PLC control module starts the fan to dissipate heat;
step 7): if the judgment results in the step 4) are all negative, the temperature measurement main control terminal module collects and stores the related data information into the operation state database to obtain the long-term operation state change trend of the temperature, and sends the related information to the monitoring background.
The short message alarm module adopts a DTR-RE short message alarm module, and the temperature acquisition module adopts a RemoDAQ-8036 type six-channel thermal resistor input temperature acquisition module.
The current acquisition module adopts the current acquisition module of built-in STM32F103ZET5 microcontroller, just the current acquisition module still should include AD converting circuit, signal conditioning circuit, communication state pilot lamp, power supply circuit, RS485 circuit, front end filter circuit.
The infrared detector adopts a nonlinear compression method based on a DDE image detail enhancement technology, a large amount of detail information is reserved when a high dynamic range image is compressed to 8 bits, and then the image detail information is promoted, so that the infrared detector is matched with the total dynamic range of an original image background, even in a scene with very obvious temperature change, the details can still be seen clearly, specifically:
A1) the method comprises the following steps Image information is extracted using two-domain filtering: in order to enhance the detail part, the detail information needs to be extracted from the original image, then the whole large background image is compressed, and the detail part is reserved or enhanced, the detail of the image corresponds to the high-frequency part of the image, and the whole outline corresponds to the low-frequency part of the image, therefore, the detail image can be obtained by using the method of subtracting the original image and the low-pass filtered image thereof, in order to better separate the detail part from the basic part, the double-domain filtering or the bidirectional filtering is adopted, the combination of the spatial domain filtering and the gray domain (namely the gray value of the pixel) filtering is realized, the weighted average filtering is essential, the weighted average filtering not only depends on the spatial distance between the current pixel and each pixel in the neighborhood, but also is related to the gray distance between each pixel in the neighborhood and the current pixel, namely one of the weighted average filtering is used in the spatial domain, and the weight occupied by the pixel closer to the current pixel is larger; one is acted on the gray domain, the closer the gray value of the current pixel is, the larger the occupied weight value is, otherwise, the smaller the occupied weight value is, the image to be filtered is set to be f (x), and then the double-domain filtering result h is obtained(x)Can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003353672290000041
k(x)＝∫c(ξ,x)s(f(ξ),f(x))dξ (2)
wherein k is(x)C (xi, x) is a weight generated by calculating the spatial distance between the current pixel x and the neighborhood pixel xi, s (f (xi), f (x)) is a weight generated by the difference between the gray value of the current pixel and the gray value of the neighborhood pixel, and the dual-domain filtering is a special low-pass filtering, and the result h is a normalization factor(x)The method comprises the following steps of (1) obtaining a detail part of an image by subtracting a filtering result from an original image, wherein the detail part is a basic part of the image;
A2) the method comprises the following steps The infrared image contrast is improved by adopting an improved most value normalization method, and the purpose of image enhancement is achieved: although the 14-bit infrared image has a larger dynamic range and more gray levels, most of the pixels are concentrated in a narrower certain range, the occupied gray levels are less, the contrast is not strong, the visual effect is poor, and gray stretching is required to be performed, in order to solve the "over-bright" effect caused by gray stretching, an improved truncated minimum normalized contrast enhancement algorithm based on a maximum dependence method (i.e., linear transformation that a minimum value is mapped to 0 and a maximum value is mapped to 255) is adopted, the infrared image has larger noise and mostly has shot noise or impulse noise, the total number of the noise pixels is small but the occupied gray space is large, which is the root cause of the low image contrast and the "over-bright" effect generated after stretching, so that the maximum normalization is required to be performed:
a: firstly, counting a histogram H (k) of an image to be enhanced, wherein k is 0,1,., L-1, and the number of gray levels of the L-bit image;
b: then counting pixels one by one from the middle of the two ends of the histogram, i.e.
S1＝H(1)+H(2)+...+H(min)
S2＝H(L-1)+H(L-2)+...+H(max)，
Wherein min is more than 0 and less than max and less than L;
c: judgment S1And S2Value when S1If T is greater than T, the pair S is stopped1And storing the value of min when S2If T is greater than T, the pair S is stopped2And storing the value of max, wherein T is a preset value;
d: using min as the minimum and max as the maximum, the most normalized, i.e.:
Figure BDA0003353672290000051
wherein f isin(x, y) is an input image, fout(x, y) is the result image of the most value normalization.
The infrared detector and the visible light detector adopt a fusion algorithm of a visible light and thermal infrared color images of a self-adaptive reference image based on the fusion of natural color images transferred by YUV space colors, so that the fusion and superposition of thermal imaging and the visible light images are realized, the identification degree of image details is improved, and the fusion of the natural color images transferred by YUV space colors comprises the following steps:
s1): firstly, carrying out linear combination on visible light and thermal infrared dual-band images in a YUV color space to generate an initial color fusion image S, and solving the mean value and standard deviation of the initial color fusion image S in a YUV channel;
s2): calculating a combination coefficient r according to the mean value and standard deviation of the S image and the basic reference image in the U and V channelsi；
S3): obtaining 6 statistical values of the combined reference image, and performing color transfer in a YUV space to obtain a natural color fusion image in the YUV space;
s4): and converting the YUV color fusion image back to an RGB space for displaying and observing.
The fusion of the natural color images based on YUV space (Y is a brightness signal, and U and V are color difference signals of blue, red and brightness respectively) color transfer comprises the following steps:
1-1): the linear combination method is adopted to convert the low light level V in the YUV spaceis(i, j) and the red image IR (i, j) are subjected to initial color fusion to obtain an initial color source image (Y)S,US,VS)：
Figure BDA0003353672290000061
In the formula (d)1,e1,d2,e2,d3,e3Is a positive rational number and satisfies d1+e1＝1，d2And e2And d3And e3The selection of the U and the V needs to keep the U and the V in corresponding value ranges;
1-2): converting the selected reference image from an RGB space to a YUV space:
Figure BDA0003353672290000062
1-3): transferring the mean and standard deviation of the YUV components of the reference image to the YUV components of the initial color source image:
Figure BDA0003353672290000063
where σ is the standard deviation of the corresponding color space of the image,
Figure BDA0003353672290000064
and
Figure BDA0003353672290000065
the subscripts s and r represent the parameters of the source image and the reference image, respectively;
1-4): converting the source image after color transfer from YUV space to RGB space:
Figure BDA0003353672290000071
1-5): and reproducing the RGB image after color transfer to obtain a color fusion image similar to the reference image tone.
The linear combination in step 1-1) is a linear combination of color reference images, a representative typical color reference image can be selected as a 'basic' image, the combined color reference image is reconstructed by a linear combination method, the 'basic' reference image can be used for selecting an existing color natural scene image, and 6 statistical values which have no direct relation with an actual reference image can be selected, specifically:
Figure BDA0003353672290000072
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0003353672290000073
and
Figure BDA0003353672290000074
6 statistics, r, for the ith (i ═ 1, 2, 3) "base" color reference image, respectivelyiFor combining reference picturesThe weight of the mean of the ith image, and r1+r2+r3＝1。
The step S2) is specifically: s2-1): firstly, determining the difference value measurement of the mean value and the standard deviation of the initial color image to be fused and the basic color reference image:
Figure BDA0003353672290000075
s2-2): from this, the combination coefficients are further determined:
Figure BDA0003353672290000081
the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention relates to a switch cabinet on-line state monitoring system which mainly monitors handcart switch contacts (including heating of a static contact and a moving contact) and the internal temperature of a switch cabinet, adopts a high-sensitivity infrared detector and a high-resolution visible light detector, can carry out all-weather real-time temperature monitoring on the switch cabinet, detect temperature change, realize accurate temperature measurement, prevent false alarm, and supports the DDE image detail enhancement function and the double-light fusion function, realizes the fusion and superposition of thermal imaging and visible light images, improves the identification degree of image details, in use, after the monitoring system is powered on, the temperature of each chamber (a bus chamber, a switch chamber and a cable chamber) is respectively measured every 6min after the switch cabinet temperature monitoring unit and the contact temperature monitoring unit start to collect the temperature every 1h, and the current passing through the switch cabinet and the external environment temperature at the moment are recorded; after the monitoring system is powered on, respectively measuring the temperature of the bus chamber, the switch chamber and the cable chamber once every 1h, and simultaneously recording the external environment temperature of the switch cabinet at the moment; the temperature measurement main control terminal module analyzes and processes related data through the remote real-time temperature analysis module and the remote real-time state monitoring module, so that remote real-time temperature analysis and remote real-time state monitoring of the switch cabinet are realized; judging P > (1+ 5%) P0Or Kn＞(1+9％)K0(ii) a If any one of the judgment results is yes, the temperature measurement main control terminal module starts the alarm module and the PLC control module through the linkage unit and simultaneously generates alarm information to be sentSending to a monitoring background; according to the instruction of the temperature measurement main control terminal module, the alarm module starts the short message alarm module and the acousto-optic alarm module to give an alarm, and the PLC control module starts the fan to dissipate heat, so that the linkage function is supported, and the safety performance is improved; if the judgment results are all negative, the temperature measurement main control terminal module collects and stores related data information into an operation state database to obtain the long-term operation state change trend of the temperature, sends the related information to a monitoring background, and automatically generates fault warning information to automatically warn when an abnormal state is monitored; the invention has the advantages of supporting the linkage function, monitoring in real time, automatically early warning and preventing false alarm.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the on-line state monitoring system of the switch cabinet of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a switch cabinet temperature monitoring unit of the switch cabinet online state monitoring system of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a contact temperature monitoring unit of the on-line state monitoring system of the switch cabinet.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature measurement main control terminal module of the on-line state monitoring system of the switch cabinet.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication mode between a temperature measurement main control terminal module and a monitoring background of the switch cabinet online state monitoring system.
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of the on-line state monitoring system of the switch cabinet of the invention.
In the figure: 1. the system comprises a switch cabinet temperature monitoring unit 11, a bus room temperature sensor 12, a switch room temperature sensor 13, a cable room temperature sensor 14, an external environment temperature sensor 2, a contact temperature monitoring unit 21, a moving contact temperature sensor 22, a static contact temperature sensor 3, a temperature acquisition module 4, a current acquisition module 41, a current sensor 5, a temperature measurement main control terminal module 51, a remote real-time temperature analysis module 52, a remote real-time state monitoring module 6, an operation state database 7, a monitoring background 8, a linkage unit 81, a PLC control module 811, a fan 82, an alarm module 821, a short message alarm module 822, an audible and visual alarm module 9, an RS485/RS232 converter 10, a DTU-GPRS module 100, an infrared detector 200 and a visible light detector.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-6, the on-line state monitoring system of the switch cabinet comprises a switch cabinet temperature monitoring unit 1, a contact temperature monitoring unit 2, a temperature acquisition module 3, a current acquisition module 4, a temperature measurement main control terminal module 5, an operation state database 6, a monitoring background 7, a linkage unit 8, an RS485/RS232 converter 9 and a DTU-GPRS module 10, wherein the temperature measurement main control terminal module 5 is in communication connection with the monitoring background 7, the switch cabinet temperature monitoring unit 1 comprises a bus chamber temperature sensor 11, a switch chamber temperature sensor 12, a cable chamber temperature sensor 13 and an external environment temperature sensor 14, the contact temperature monitoring unit 2 comprises a moving contact temperature sensor 21 and a static contact temperature sensor 22, the bus chamber temperature sensor 11, the switch chamber temperature sensor 12, the cable chamber temperature sensor 13, a switch chamber temperature sensor 13, a connection terminal module, a connection module connection, External environment temperature sensor 14, moving contact temperature sensor 21 and static contact temperature sensor 22 equally divide and include infrared detector 100 and visible light detector 200 respectively, current acquisition module 4 include current sensor 41, temperature measurement main control terminal module 5 include long-range real-time temperature analysis module 51 and long-range real-time status monitoring module 52, linkage unit 8 include PLC control module 81 and alarm module 82, PLC control module 81 include fan 811, alarm module 82 include SMS alarm module 821 and acousto-optic alarm module 822.
The on-line state monitoring system of the switch cabinet comprises: it comprises the following steps:
step 1): after the monitoring system is electrified, the temperature t of each room (a bus room, a switch room and a cable room) is respectively measured every 6min every 1h after the switch cabinet temperature monitoring unit 1 and the contact temperature monitoring unit 2 start to collect, and the current I passing through the switch cabinet and the external environment temperature t at the moment are recordedAmbient temperatureAccording to the principle of the direct proportion correlation between the temperature change and the square of the current, a parameter P is provided: p ═ P8+P9+P10) A/3, wherein each chamber P takes three recording points P after each hournAverage value of (1), Pn＝(t-tAmbient temperature)/I2，n＝1，2，...，10；
Step 2): after the monitoring system is electrified, the temperature of the bus chamber, the switch chamber and the cable chamber is measured once every 1h and recorded as: t is t0、t1、t2And simultaneously recording the external environment temperature t of the switch cabinet at the momentAmbient temperatureBecause the ratio of the temperature change between two adjacent rooms in the switch cabinet causes certain influence on the operation of the switch cabinet, the K parameter is provided:
Figure BDA0003353672290000111
Knk values of a bus room, a switch room and a cable room are represented respectively, and n is 1, 2 and 3;
step 3): the temperature measurement main control terminal module 5 analyzes and processes the related data through a remote real-time temperature analysis module 51 and a remote real-time state monitoring module 52;
step 4): judging P > (1+ 5%) P0Or Kn＞(1+9％)K0In which P is0Is a calculated value of P within the first hour after the start of collection of the monitoring system, K0The calculated value of K in the first hour after the monitoring system starts to collect;
step 5): if any one of the judgment results in the step 4) is yes, the temperature measurement main control terminal module 5 starts the alarm module 82 and the PLC control module 81 through the linkage unit 8, and simultaneously generates alarm information to be sent to the monitoring background 7;
step 6): according to the instruction of the temperature measurement main control terminal module 5 in the step 5), the alarm module 82 starts the short message alarm module 821 and the acousto-optic alarm module 822 to alarm, and the PLC control module 81 starts the fan 811 to radiate heat;
step 7): if the judgment results in the step 4) are all negative, the temperature measurement main control terminal module 5 collects and stores the related data information into the operation state database 6 to obtain the long-term operation state change trend of the temperature, and sends the related information to the monitoring background 7.
The invention relates to the on-line state of a switch cabinetThe monitoring system is mainly used for monitoring a handcart switch contact (comprising a fixed contact and a moving contact for heating) and the internal temperature of a switch cabinet, the invention adopts a high-sensitivity infrared detector 100 and a high-resolution visible light detector 200, can carry out all-weather real-time temperature monitoring on the switch cabinet, detects temperature change, realizes accurate temperature measurement, prevents false alarm, supports a DDE image detail enhancement function and a double-light fusion function, realizes thermal imaging and visible light image fusion and superposition, improves the identification degree of image details, and in use, after the monitoring system is powered on, a temperature of each chamber (a bus chamber, a switch chamber and a cable chamber) is measured every 6min every 1h after the switch cabinet temperature monitoring unit 1 and the contact temperature monitoring unit 2 start collecting, and simultaneously records the current passing through the switch cabinet and the external environment temperature; after the monitoring system is powered on, respectively measuring the temperature of the bus chamber, the switch chamber and the cable chamber once every 1h, and simultaneously recording the external environment temperature of the switch cabinet at the moment; the temperature measurement main control terminal module 5 analyzes and processes related data through a remote real-time temperature analysis module 51 and a remote real-time state monitoring module 52, so as to realize remote real-time temperature analysis and remote real-time state monitoring of the switch cabinet; judging P > (1+ 5%) P0Or Kn＞(1+9％)K0(ii) a If any one of the judgment results is yes, the temperature measurement main control terminal module 5 starts the alarm module 82 and the PLC control module 81 through the linkage unit 8, and simultaneously generates alarm information and sends the alarm information to the monitoring background 7; according to the instruction of the temperature measurement main control terminal module 5, the alarm module 82 starts the short message alarm module 821 and the acousto-optic alarm module 822 to alarm, and the PLC control module 81 starts the fan 811 to dissipate heat, so that the linkage function is supported, and the safety performance is improved; if the judgment results are no, the temperature measurement main control terminal module 5 collects and stores the related data information into the operation state database 6 to obtain the long-term operation state change trend of the temperature, sends the related information to the monitoring background 7, and automatically generates fault warning information to automatically warn when an abnormal state is monitored; the invention has the advantages of supporting the linkage function, monitoring in real time, automatically early warning and preventing false alarm.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1-6, the on-line state monitoring system of the switch cabinet comprises a switch cabinet temperature monitoring unit 1, a contact temperature monitoring unit 2, a temperature acquisition module 3, a current acquisition module 4, a temperature measurement main control terminal module 5, an operation state database 6, a monitoring background 7, a linkage unit 8, an RS485/RS232 converter 9 and a DTU-GPRS module 10, wherein the temperature measurement main control terminal module 5 is in communication connection with the monitoring background 7, the switch cabinet temperature monitoring unit 1 comprises a bus chamber temperature sensor 11, a switch chamber temperature sensor 12, a cable chamber temperature sensor 13 and an external environment temperature sensor 14, the contact temperature monitoring unit 2 comprises a moving contact temperature sensor 21 and a static contact temperature sensor 22, the bus chamber temperature sensor 11, the switch chamber temperature sensor 12, the cable chamber temperature sensor 13, a switch chamber temperature sensor 13, a connection terminal module, a connection module connection, External environment temperature sensor 14, moving contact temperature sensor 21 and static contact temperature sensor 22 equally divide and include infrared detector 100 and visible light detector 200 respectively, current acquisition module 4 include current sensor 41, temperature measurement main control terminal module 5 include long-range real-time temperature analysis module 51 and long-range real-time status monitoring module 52, linkage unit 8 include PLC control module 81 and alarm module 82, PLC control module 81 include fan 811, alarm module 82 include SMS alarm module 821 and acousto-optic alarm module 822.
The on-line state monitoring system of the switch cabinet comprises: it comprises the following steps:
step 1): after the monitoring system is electrified, the temperature t of each room (a bus room, a switch room and a cable room) is respectively measured every 6min every 1h after the switch cabinet temperature monitoring unit 1 and the contact temperature monitoring unit 2 start to collect, and the current I passing through the switch cabinet and the external environment temperature t at the moment are recordedAmbient temperatureAccording to the principle of the direct proportion correlation between the temperature change and the square of the current, a parameter P is provided: p ═ P8+P9+P10) A/3, wherein each chamber P takes three recording points P after each hournAverage value of (1), Pn＝(t-tAmbient temperature)/I2，n＝1，2，...，10；
Step 2): after the monitoring system is electrified, the temperature of the bus chamber, the switch chamber and the cable chamber is measured once every 1h and recorded as: t is t0、t1、t2And simultaneously recording the external environment temperature t of the switch cabinet at the momentAmbient temperatureBecause the ratio of the temperature change between two adjacent rooms in the switch cabinet causes certain influence on the operation of the switch cabinet, the K parameter is provided:
Figure BDA0003353672290000131
Knk values of a bus room, a switch room and a cable room are represented respectively, and n is 1, 2 and 3;
step 3): the temperature measurement main control terminal module 5 analyzes and processes the related data through a remote real-time temperature analysis module 51 and a remote real-time state monitoring module 52;
step 4): judging P > (1+ 5%) P0Or Kn＞(1+9％)K0In which P is0Is a calculated value of P within the first hour after the start of collection of the monitoring system, K0The calculated value of K in the first hour after the monitoring system starts to collect;
step 5): if any one of the judgment results in the step 4) is yes, the temperature measurement main control terminal module 5 starts the alarm module 82 and the PLC control module 81 through the linkage unit 8, and simultaneously generates alarm information to be sent to the monitoring background 7;
step 6): according to the instruction of the temperature measurement main control terminal module 5 in the step 5), the alarm module 82 starts the short message alarm module 821 and the acousto-optic alarm module 822 to alarm, and the PLC control module 81 starts the fan 811 to radiate heat;
step 7): if the judgment results in the step 4) are all negative, the temperature measurement main control terminal module 5 collects and stores the related data information into the operation state database 6 to obtain the long-term operation state change trend of the temperature, and sends the related information to the monitoring background 7.
The short message alarm module 821 adopts a DTR-RE short message alarm module, and the temperature acquisition module 3 adopts a RemoDAQ-8036 type six-channel thermal resistance input temperature acquisition module.
Current acquisition module 4 adopt the current acquisition module of built-in STM32F103ZET5 microcontroller, just current acquisition module 4 still should include AD converting circuit, signal conditioning circuit, communication state pilot lamp, power supply circuit, RS485 circuit, front end filter circuit.
The infrared detector 100 adopts a nonlinear compression method based on a DDE image detail enhancement technology, a large amount of detail information is reserved when a high dynamic range image is compressed to 8 bits, and then the image detail information is promoted, so that the image detail information is matched with the total dynamic range of an original image background, even in a scene with very obvious temperature change, the details can still be seen, specifically:
A1) the method comprises the following steps Image information is extracted using two-domain filtering: in order to enhance the detail part, the detail information needs to be extracted from the original image, then the whole large background image is compressed, and the detail part is reserved or enhanced, the detail of the image corresponds to the high-frequency part of the image, and the whole outline corresponds to the low-frequency part of the image, therefore, the detail image can be obtained by using the method of subtracting the original image and the low-pass filtered image thereof, in order to better separate the detail part from the basic part, the double-domain filtering or the bidirectional filtering is adopted, the combination of the spatial domain filtering and the gray domain (namely the gray value of the pixel) filtering is realized, the weighted average filtering is essential, the weighted average filtering not only depends on the spatial distance between the current pixel and each pixel in the neighborhood, but also is related to the gray distance between each pixel in the neighborhood and the current pixel, namely one of the weighted average filtering is used in the spatial domain, and the weight occupied by the pixel closer to the current pixel is larger; one is acted on the gray domain, the closer the gray value of the current pixel is, the larger the occupied weight value is, otherwise, the smaller the occupied weight value is, the image to be filtered is set to be f (x), and then the double-domain filtering result h is obtained(x)Can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003353672290000151
k(x)＝∫c(ξ,x)s(f(ξ),f(x))dξ (2)
wherein k is(x)C (xi, x) is a weight generated by calculating the spatial distance between the current pixel x and the neighborhood pixel xi, s (f (xi), f (x)) is a weight generated by the difference between the gray value of the current pixel and the gray value of the neighborhood pixel, and the dual-domain filtering is a special low-pass filtering, and the result h is a normalization factor(x)The method comprises the following steps of (1) obtaining a detail part of an image by subtracting a filtering result from an original image, wherein the detail part is a basic part of the image;
A2) the method comprises the following steps The infrared image contrast is improved by adopting an improved most value normalization method, and the purpose of image enhancement is achieved: although the 14-bit infrared image has a larger dynamic range and more gray levels, most of the pixels are concentrated in a narrower certain range, the occupied gray levels are less, the contrast is not strong, the visual effect is poor, and gray stretching is required to be performed, in order to solve the "over-bright" effect caused by gray stretching, an improved truncated minimum normalized contrast enhancement algorithm based on a maximum dependence method (i.e., linear transformation that a minimum value is mapped to 0 and a maximum value is mapped to 255) is adopted, the infrared image has larger noise and mostly has shot noise or impulse noise, the total number of the noise pixels is small but the occupied gray space is large, which is the root cause of the low image contrast and the "over-bright" effect generated after stretching, so that the maximum normalization is required to be performed:
a: firstly, counting a histogram H (k) of an image to be enhanced, wherein k is 0,1,., L-1, and the number of gray levels of the L-bit image;
b: then counting pixels one by one from the middle of the two ends of the histogram, i.e.
S1＝H(1)+H(2)+...+H(min)
S2＝H(L-1)+H(L-2)+...+H(max)，
Wherein min is more than 0 and less than max and less than L;
c: judgment S1And S2Value when S1If T is greater than T, the pair S is stopped1And storing the value of min when S2If T is greater than T, the pair S is stopped2And storing the value of max, wherein T is a preset value;
d: using min as the minimum and max as the maximum, the most normalized, i.e.:
Figure BDA0003353672290000161
wherein f isin(x, y) is an input image，fout(x, y) is the result image of the most value normalization.
The infrared detector 100 and the visible light detector 200 adopt a fusion algorithm of a visible light color image and a thermal infrared color image of a self-adaptive reference image based on the fusion of a natural color image transferred by a YUV space color, so that the fusion and superposition of thermal imaging and the visible light image are realized, the identification degree of image details is improved, and the fusion of the natural color image based on the YUV space color transfer comprises the following steps:
s1): firstly, carrying out linear combination on visible light and thermal infrared dual-band images in a YUV color space to generate an initial color fusion image S, and solving the mean value and standard deviation of the initial color fusion image S in a YUV channel;
s2): calculating a combination coefficient r according to the mean value and standard deviation of the S image and the basic reference image in the U and V channelsi；
S3): obtaining 6 statistical values of the combined reference image, and performing color transfer in a YUV space to obtain a natural color fusion image in the YUV space;
s4): and converting the YUV color fusion image back to an RGB space for displaying and observing.
The fusion of the natural color images based on YUV space (Y is a brightness signal, and U and V are color difference signals of blue, red and brightness respectively) color transfer comprises the following steps:
1-1): the linear combination method is adopted to convert the low light level V in the YUV spaceis(i, j) and the red image IR (i, j) are subjected to initial color fusion to obtain an initial color source image (Y)S,US,VS)：
Figure BDA0003353672290000171
In the formula (d)1,e1,d2,e2,d3,e3Is a positive rational number and satisfies d1+e1＝1，d2And e2And d3And e3The selection of the U and the V needs to keep the U and the V in corresponding value ranges;
1-2): converting the selected reference image from an RGB space to a YUV space:
Figure BDA0003353672290000172
1-3): transferring the mean and standard deviation of the YUV components of the reference image to the YUV components of the initial color source image:
Figure BDA0003353672290000181
where σ is the standard deviation of the corresponding color space of the image,
Figure BDA0003353672290000182
and
Figure BDA0003353672290000183
the subscripts s and r represent the parameters of the source image and the reference image, respectively;
1-4): converting the source image after color transfer from YUV space to RGB space:
Figure BDA0003353672290000184
1-5): and reproducing the RGB image after color transfer to obtain a color fusion image similar to the reference image tone.
The linear combination in step 1-1) is a linear combination of color reference images, a representative typical color reference image can be selected as a 'basic' image, the combined color reference image is reconstructed by a linear combination method, the 'basic' reference image can be used for selecting an existing color natural scene image, and 6 statistical values which have no direct relation with an actual reference image can be selected, specifically:
Figure BDA0003353672290000191
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0003353672290000192
and
Figure BDA0003353672290000193
6 statistics, r, for the ith (i ═ 1, 2, 3) "base" color reference image, respectivelyiIs the weight of the mean of the ith image in the combined reference image, and r1+r2+r3＝1。
The step S2) is specifically: s2-1): firstly, determining the difference value measurement of the mean value and the standard deviation of the initial color image to be fused and the basic color reference image:
Figure BDA0003353672290000194
s2-2): from this, the combination coefficients are further determined:
Figure BDA0003353672290000195
the invention relates to a switch cabinet on-line state monitoring system which mainly monitors handcart switch contacts (including static contacts and moving contacts heating) and the internal temperature of a switch cabinet, adopts a high-sensitivity infrared detector 100 and a high-resolution visible light detector 200, can carry out all-weather real-time temperature monitoring on the switch cabinet, detect temperature change, realize accurate temperature measurement, prevent false alarm, and supports the DDE image detail enhancement function and the double-light fusion function, realizes the fusion and superposition of thermal imaging and visible light images, improves the identification degree of image details, in use, after the monitoring system is powered on, the temperature of each room (a bus room, a switch room and a cable room) is respectively measured every 6min every 1h after the switch cabinet temperature monitoring unit 1 and the contact temperature monitoring unit 2 start to collect, and the current passing through the switch cabinet and the external environment temperature at the moment are recorded; after the monitoring system is powered on, respectively measuring the temperature of the bus chamber, the switch chamber and the cable chamber once every 1h, and simultaneously recording the external environment temperature of the switch cabinet at the moment; temperature measurement master controlThe terminal module 5 analyzes and processes the related data through the remote real-time temperature analysis module 51 and the remote real-time state monitoring module 52, so as to realize remote real-time temperature analysis and remote real-time state monitoring of the switch cabinet; judging P > (1+ 5%) P0Or Kn＞(1+9％)K0(ii) a If any one of the judgment results is yes, the temperature measurement main control terminal module 5 starts the alarm module 82 and the PLC control module 81 through the linkage unit 8, and simultaneously generates alarm information and sends the alarm information to the monitoring background 7; according to the instruction of the temperature measurement main control terminal module 5, the alarm module 82 starts the short message alarm module 821 and the acousto-optic alarm module 822 to alarm, and the PLC control module 81 starts the fan 811 to dissipate heat, so that the linkage function is supported, and the safety performance is improved; if the judgment results are no, the temperature measurement main control terminal module 5 collects and stores the related data information into the operation state database 6 to obtain the long-term operation state change trend of the temperature, sends the related information to the monitoring background 7, and automatically generates fault warning information to automatically warn when an abnormal state is monitored; the invention has the advantages of supporting the linkage function, monitoring in real time, automatically early warning and preventing false alarm.

Claims (9)

1. On-line state monitoring system of switch cabinet, it includes switch cabinet temperature monitoring unit, contact temperature monitoring unit, temperature acquisition module, current acquisition module, temperature measurement main control terminal module, running state database, control backstage, linkage unit and be used for temperature measurement main control terminal module and control backstage to carry out RS485 RS232 converter and DTU-GPRS module that communication is connected, its characterized in that: the switch cabinet temperature monitoring unit comprises a bus chamber temperature sensor, a switch chamber temperature sensor, a cable chamber temperature sensor and an external environment temperature sensor, the contact temperature monitoring unit comprises a moving contact temperature sensor and a static contact temperature sensor, the bus chamber temperature sensor, the switch chamber temperature sensor, the cable chamber temperature sensor, the external environment temperature sensor, the moving contact temperature sensor and the static contact temperature sensor respectively comprise an infrared detector and a visible light detector, the current acquisition module comprises a current sensor, the temperature measurement main control terminal module comprises a remote real-time temperature analysis module and a remote real-time state monitoring module, the linkage unit comprises a PLC control module and an alarm module, the PLC control module comprises a fan, and the alarm module comprises a short message alarm module and a sound-light alarm module.
2. The switchgear on-line condition monitoring system of claim 1, characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
step 1): after the monitoring system is electrified, the temperature t of each room (a bus room, a switch room and a cable room) is respectively measured every 6min every 1h after the temperature monitoring unit of the switch cabinet and the contact temperature monitoring unit start to collect, and the current I passing through the switch cabinet and the external environment temperature t at the moment are recordedAmbient temperatureAccording to the principle of the direct proportion correlation between the temperature change and the square of the current, a parameter P is provided: p ═ P8+P9+P10) A/3, wherein each chamber P takes three recording points P after each hournAverage value of (1), Pn＝(t-tAmbient temperature)/I2，n＝1，2，...，10；
Step 2): after the monitoring system is electrified, the temperature of the bus chamber, the switch chamber and the cable chamber is measured once every 1h and recorded as: t is t0、t1、t2And simultaneously recording the external environment temperature t of the switch cabinet at the momentAmbient temperatureBecause the ratio of the temperature change between two adjacent rooms in the switch cabinet causes certain influence on the operation of the switch cabinet, the K parameter is provided:
Figure FDA0003353672280000021
Knk values of a bus room, a switch room and a cable room are represented respectively, and n is 1, 2 and 3;
step 3): the temperature measurement main control terminal module analyzes and processes related data through a remote real-time temperature analysis module and a remote real-time state monitoring module;
step 4): judging P > (1+ 5%) P0Or Kn＞(1+9％)K0In which P is0Is a calculated value of P within the first hour after the start of collection of the monitoring system, K0For the first small after the monitoring system starts to collectThe calculated value of hour-interior K;
step 5): if any one of the judgment results in the step 4) is yes, the temperature measurement main control terminal module starts the alarm module and the PLC control module through the linkage unit, and simultaneously generates alarm information to be sent to the monitoring background;
step 6): according to the instruction of the temperature measurement main control terminal module in the step 5), the alarm module starts the short message alarm module and the acousto-optic alarm module to give an alarm, and the PLC control module starts the fan to dissipate heat;
step 7): if the judgment results in the step 4) are all negative, the temperature measurement main control terminal module collects and stores the related data information into the operation state database to obtain the long-term operation state change trend of the temperature, and sends the related information to the monitoring background.
3. The switchgear on-line condition monitoring system of claim 1, characterized in that: the short message alarm module adopts a DTR-RE short message alarm module, and the temperature acquisition module adopts a RemoDAQ-8036 type six-channel thermal resistor input temperature acquisition module.
4. The switchgear on-line condition monitoring system of claim 1, characterized in that: the current acquisition module adopts the current acquisition module of built-in STM32F103ZET5 microcontroller, just the current acquisition module still should include AD converting circuit, signal conditioning circuit, communication state pilot lamp, power supply circuit, RS485 circuit, front end filter circuit.
5. The switchgear on-line condition monitoring system of claim 1, characterized in that: the infrared detector adopts a nonlinear compression method based on a DDE image detail enhancement technology, a large amount of detail information is reserved when a high dynamic range image is compressed to 8 bits, and then the image detail information is promoted, so that the infrared detector is matched with the total dynamic range of an original image background, even in a scene with very obvious temperature change, the details can still be seen clearly, specifically:
A1) the method comprises the following steps Image extraction using dual-domain filteringInformation: in order to enhance the detail part, the detail information needs to be extracted from the original image, then the whole large background image is compressed, and the detail part is reserved or enhanced, the detail of the image corresponds to the high-frequency part of the image, and the whole outline corresponds to the low-frequency part of the image, therefore, the detail image can be obtained by using the method of subtracting the original image and the low-pass filtered image thereof, in order to better separate the detail part from the basic part, the double-domain filtering or the bidirectional filtering is adopted, the combination of the spatial domain filtering and the gray domain (namely the gray value of the pixel) filtering is realized, the weighted average filtering is essential, the weighted average filtering not only depends on the spatial distance between the current pixel and each pixel in the neighborhood, but also is related to the gray distance between each pixel in the neighborhood and the current pixel, namely one of the weighted average filtering is used in the spatial domain, and the weight occupied by the pixel closer to the current pixel is larger; one is acted on a gray level domain, the closer the gray level value of the current pixel is, the larger the occupied weight value is, otherwise, the smaller the occupied weight value is, the image to be filtered is set as f(x)Then the result of the two-domain filtering h(x)Can be expressed as:
Figure FDA0003353672280000031
k(x)＝∫c(ξ,x)s(f(ξ),f(x))dξ (2)
wherein k is(x)C (xi, x) is a weight generated by calculating the spatial distance between the current pixel x and the neighborhood pixel xi, s (f (xi), f (x)) is a weight generated by the difference between the gray value of the current pixel and the gray value of the neighborhood pixel, and the dual-domain filtering is a special low-pass filtering, and the result h is a normalization factor(x)The method comprises the following steps of (1) obtaining a detail part of an image by subtracting a filtering result from an original image, wherein the detail part is a basic part of the image;
A2) the method comprises the following steps The infrared image contrast is improved by adopting an improved most value normalization method, and the purpose of image enhancement is achieved: although the 14-bit infrared image has a larger dynamic range and more gray levels, most of the pixels are concentrated in a narrower certain range, the occupied gray levels are less, the contrast is not strong, the visual effect is poor, and gray stretching is required to be performed, in order to solve the "over-bright" effect caused by gray stretching, an improved truncated minimum normalized contrast enhancement algorithm based on a maximum dependence method (i.e., linear transformation that a minimum value is mapped to 0 and a maximum value is mapped to 255) is adopted, the infrared image has larger noise and mostly has shot noise or impulse noise, the total number of the noise pixels is small but the occupied gray space is large, which is the root cause of the low image contrast and the "over-bright" effect generated after stretching, so that the maximum normalization is required to be performed:
a: firstly, counting a histogram H (k) of an image to be enhanced, wherein k is 0,1,., L-1, and the number of gray levels of the L-bit image;
b: then counting pixels one by one from the middle of the two ends of the histogram, i.e.
S1＝H(1)+H(2)+...+H(min)
S2＝H(L-1)+H(L-2)+...+H(max)，
Wherein min is more than 0 and less than max and less than L;
c: judgment S1And S2Value when S1If T is greater than T, the pair S is stopped1And storing the value of min when S2If T is greater than T, the pair S is stopped2And storing the value of max, wherein T is a preset value;
d: using min as the minimum and max as the maximum, the most normalized, i.e.:
Figure FDA0003353672280000041
wherein f isin(x, y) is an input image, fout(x, y) is the result image of the most value normalization.
6. The switchgear on-line condition monitoring system of claim 1, characterized in that: the infrared detector and the visible light detector adopt a fusion algorithm of a visible light and thermal infrared color images of a self-adaptive reference image based on the fusion of natural color images transferred by YUV space colors, so that the fusion and superposition of thermal imaging and the visible light images are realized, the identification degree of image details is improved, and the fusion of the natural color images transferred by YUV space colors comprises the following steps:
s1): firstly, carrying out linear combination on visible light and thermal infrared dual-band images in a YUV color space to generate an initial color fusion image S, and solving the mean value and standard deviation of the initial color fusion image S in a YUV channel;
s2): calculating a combination coefficient r according to the mean value and standard deviation of the S image and the basic reference image in the U and V channelsi；
S3): obtaining 6 statistical values of the combined reference image, and performing color transfer in a YUV space to obtain a natural color fusion image in the YUV space;
s4): and converting the YUV color fusion image back to an RGB space for displaying and observing.
7. The switchgear on-line condition monitoring system of claim 6, wherein: the fusion of the natural color images based on YUV space (Y is a brightness signal, and U and V are color difference signals of blue, red and brightness respectively) color transfer comprises the following steps:
1-1): the linear combination method is adopted to convert the low light level V in the YUV spaceis(i, j) and the red image IR (i, j) are subjected to initial color fusion to obtain an initial color source image (Y)S,US,VS)：
Figure FDA0003353672280000051
In the formula (d)1,e1,d2,e2,d3,e3Is a positive rational number and satisfies d1+e1＝1，d2And e2And d3And e3The selection of the U and the V needs to keep the U and the V in corresponding value ranges;
1-2): converting the selected reference image from an RGB space to a YUV space:
Figure FDA0003353672280000061
1-3): transferring the mean and standard deviation of the YUV components of the reference image to the YUV components of the initial color source image:
Figure FDA0003353672280000062
where σ is the standard deviation of the corresponding color space of the image,
Figure FDA0003353672280000063
and
Figure FDA0003353672280000064
the subscripts s and r represent the parameters of the source image and the reference image, respectively;
1-4): converting the source image after color transfer from YUV space to RGB space:
Figure FDA0003353672280000065
1-5): and reproducing the RGB image after color transfer to obtain a color fusion image similar to the reference image tone.
8. The switchgear on-line condition monitoring system of claim 7, wherein: the linear combination in step 1-1) is a linear combination of color reference images, a representative typical color reference image can be selected as a 'basic' image, the combined color reference image is reconstructed by a linear combination method, the 'basic' reference image can be used for selecting an existing color natural scene image, and 6 statistical values which have no direct relation with an actual reference image can be selected, specifically:
Figure FDA0003353672280000071
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0003353672280000072
and
Figure FDA0003353672280000073
6 statistics, r, for the ith (i ═ 1, 2, 3) "base" color reference image, respectivelyiIs the weight of the mean of the ith image in the combined reference image, and r1+r2+r3＝1。
9. The switchgear on-line condition monitoring system of claim 6, wherein: the step S2) is specifically: s2-1): firstly, determining the difference value measurement of the mean value and the standard deviation of the initial color image to be fused and the basic color reference image:
Figure FDA0003353672280000074
s2-2): from this, the combination coefficients are further determined:
Figure FDA0003353672280000075
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117254598A (en) * 2023-11-17 2023-12-19 国网吉林省电力有限公司长春供电公司 Switch cabinet state monitoring method and system based on infrared thermal imaging technology

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117254598A (en) * 2023-11-17 2023-12-19 国网吉林省电力有限公司长春供电公司 Switch cabinet state monitoring method and system based on infrared thermal imaging technology
CN117254598B (en) * 2023-11-17 2024-03-08 国网吉林省电力有限公司长春供电公司 Switch cabinet state monitoring method and system based on infrared thermal imaging technology

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