CN114285058A - 储能***的参数整定方法和储能*** - Google Patents
储能***的参数整定方法和储能*** Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种储能***的参数整定方法和储能***,方法包括:采用PID控制模块构建能量调度的闭环控制子***;根据储能***的能量调度模型获取PID初始参数;在PID控制模块设置自适应模型,通过自适应模型对PID初始参数进行处理得到PID调整修正参数;利用PID调整修正参数对PID初始参数进行修正,得到PID整定参数。***包括电池模组、双向变流装置、能量调度子***和闭环控制子***;闭环控制子***设有PID控制模块,PID控制模块设置自适应模型,用于实现上述储能***的参数整定方法。本发明可以实现储能***的参数整定,使得控制适应分布式储能***特征,可以应对不确定性,控制效果更好,降低故障率和维护成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及模块化储能***及其参数整定技术领域,特别涉及一种储能***的参数整定方法和储能***。
背景技术
储能***包括能量和物质的输入和输出、能量的转换和储存设备。储能***都涉及多种能量、多种设备、多种物质以及多个过程,如图1所示的储能***是一种随时间变化的复杂能量***。对于分布式储能***更为复杂,控制中在发生异常和危险情况下***的反应能力非常重要。
PID(即Proportional、Integral and Differential)控制是结合比例、积分和微分三种环节于一体的控制方法,PID控制用于储能***可以实现闭环控制。但是,由于电力***存在的不确定性,特别是风力和太阳能发电等新型环保电力***,在储能***的能量调度中,控制对不确定性的反应能力。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种储能***的参数整定方法,包括以下步骤:
S100采用PID控制模块构建能量调度的闭环控制子***;
S200根据储能***的能量调度模型获取PID初始参数;
S300在PID控制模块设置自适应模型,通过自适应模型对PID初始参数进行处理得到PID调整修正参数;
S400利用PID调整修正参数对PID参数进行修正,得到PID整定参数。
可选的,在S300步骤中,通过自适应模型对PID初始参数进行处理得到PID调整修正参数的过程如下:
S310利用PID初始参数,确定闭环控制子***在单位阶跃下的响应曲线;
S320通过响应曲线进行能量调度预测,进行预测评估得到预测偏差量;
S330利用量化因子将预测偏差量转换成模糊变量,根据预设模糊规则获取PID基础修正参数;
S340对PID基础修正参数进行模糊处理得到PID调整修正参数。
可选的,在S200步骤中,能量调度模型设置的预定策略为:根据调度需求生成多组调度方案,通过监测数据进行发电和/或用电预测;根据预测对各组调度方案进行充电和/或放电的损耗分析,选择损耗最小的调度方案作为调度执行方案。
可选的,在S320步骤中,通过响应曲线进行能量调度预测的方式如下:
根据响应曲线确定响应函数;
通过对响应函数在预测时域进行求导,确定偏差方向;
以预定的预测时长,通过响应函数计算偏差数值;
结合偏差方向与偏差数值形成偏差向量;
通过偏差向量确定能量调度控制参数的预测偏差量。
可选的,在S400步骤中,在得到PID整定参数后,通过PID整定参数分析***控制的稳定性,若稳定性不符合要求,则发出报警信号。
本发明还提供了一种储能***,包括电池模组、双向变流装置、能量调度子***和闭环控制子***;
所述电池模组包括多个磷酸铁锂电池模块,所述磷酸铁锂电池模块设置的磷酸铁锂电池用于存储电能;
所述双向变流装置包括稳压整流组件和逆变组件,所述稳压整流组件和逆变组件都与电池模组连接;所述稳压整流组件与发电设备连接用于将发电调整后给电池充电,所述逆变组件与输电设备连接用于将电池存储的电能改变为用电设备可以使用的电源;
所述能量调度子***分别与电池模组和双向变流装置连接,所述能量调度子***内置能量调度模型,能量调度子***用于监测电池模组电量,能量调度模型根据PID整定参数及预定策略控制双向变流装置进行充电与放电的调度;
所述闭环控制子***包括PID控制模块,所述PID控制模块内置自适应模型,所述自适应模型用于采用上述储能***的参数整定方法得到PID调整修正参数;PID控制模块利用PID调整修正参数对PID初始参数进行修正,得到PID整定参数。
可选的,所述电池模组为多组且分布式设置;所述能量调度子***对各电池模组的实时电量、充电量和放电量进行监测;
所述能量调度模型的预定策略为:根据调度需求生成多组调度方案,通过监测数据进行发电和/或用电预测;根据预测对各组调度方案进行充电和/或放电的损耗分析,选择损耗最小的调度方案作为调度执行方案。
可选的,所述稳压整流组件包括整流电路和稳压电路,所述整流电路将发电设备的交流电转变为直流电,所述稳压电路将直流电的电压稳定与电池模组相同。
可选的,所述逆变组件包括逆变桥电路、逻辑控制电路和滤波电路,所述逆变桥电路用于将电池模组的直流电转变成交流电,所述滤波电路对交流电进行滤波处理,所述逻辑控制电路用于直流电转变成交流电过程的逻辑控制。
可选的,所述能量调度子***连接有通信模块,所述通信模块用于连接网络实现数据交互。
本发明的储能***的参数整定方法和储能***,采用PID控制模块构建能量调度的闭环控制子***,对于储能***的能量调度控制初始参数以处适应模型进行处理,得到PID调整修正参数,并以此对能量调度控制参数进行修改,实现参数整定,使得控制适应分布式储能***特征,可以应对不确定性,控制效果更好,降低故障率和维护成本。
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述,并且,部分地从说明书中变得显而易见,或者通过实施本发明而了解。本发明的目的和其他优点可通过在所写的说明书、权利要求书、以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。
下面通过附图和实施例,对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与本发明的实施例一起用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中:
图1为现有的储能***示意图;
图2为本发明实施例中一种储能***的参数整定方法流程图;
图3为本发明的储能***的参数整定方法实施例中自适应模型对PID初始参数进行处理得到PID调整修正参数的流程图;
图4为本发明实施例中一种储能***示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行说明,应当理解,此处所描述的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
如图1所示,本发明实施例提供了一种储能***的参数整定方法,包括以下步骤:
S100采用PID控制模块构建能量调度的闭环控制子***;
S200根据储能***的能量调度模型获取PID初始参数;
S300在PID控制模块设置自适应模型,通过自适应模型对PID初始参数进行处理得到PID调整修正参数;
S400利用PID调整修正参数对PID参数进行修正,得到PID整定参数。
上述技术方案的工作原理和有益效果为:本方案采用PID控制模块构建能量调度的闭环控制子***,对于储能***的能量调度控制初始参数以处适应模型进行处理,得到PID调整修正参数,并以此对能量调度控制参数进行修改,实现参数整定,使得控制适应分布式储能***特征,可以应对不确定性,控制效果更好,降低故障率和维护成本。
在一个实施例中,在S300步骤中,通过自适应模型对PID初始参数进行处理得到PID调整修正参数的过程如下:
S310利用PID初始参数,确定闭环控制子***在单位阶跃下的响应曲线;
S320通过响应曲线进行能量调度预测,进行预测评估得到预测偏差量;
S330利用量化因子将预测偏差量转换成模糊变量,根据预设模糊规则获取PID基础修正参数;
S340对PID基础修正参数进行模糊处理得到PID调整修正参数。
上述技术方案的工作原理和有益效果为:本方案的自适应模型采用单位阶跃下的响应曲线,进行能量调度预测,将得到的预测偏差量转换成模糊变量,根据预设模糊规则,基于模糊变量获取PID基础修正参数,再进行模糊处理得到PID调整修正参数,该自适应模型与能量调度模型具有较高的契合度,采用本发明可以提高参数整定效果。
在一个实施例中,在S200步骤中,能量调度模型设置的预定策略为:根据调度需求生成多组调度方案,通过监测数据进行发电和/或用电预测;根据预测对各组调度方案进行充电和/或放电的损耗分析,选择损耗最小的调度方案作为调度执行方案。
上述技术方案的工作原理和有益效果为:本方案的储能***为模块化分布式***,电池模组为多组且分布式设置,能量调度子***对各电池模组的实时电量、充电量和放电量进行监测,在能量调度子***内设置调度模型,通过监测数据进行发电和/或用电预测;根据预测对各组调度方案进行充电和/或放电的损耗分析,选择损耗最小的调度方案作为调度执行方案,可以降低储能***的能耗,提高储能利用率。
在一个实施例中,在S320步骤中,通过响应曲线进行能量调度预测的方式如下:
根据响应曲线确定响应函数;
通过对响应函数在预测时域进行求导,确定偏差方向;
以预定的预测时长,通过响应函数计算偏差数值;
结合偏差方向与偏差数值形成偏差向量;
通过偏差向量确定能量调度控制参数的预测偏差量。
上述技术方案的工作原理和有益效果为:本方案根据响应曲线构建的响应函数,在预测时域内,通过数值化分析方式,得到偏差方向与偏差数值,两者结合形成偏差向量,以此确定能量调度控制参数的预测偏差量,可以保障预测的客观性,避免干扰,提高预测精度,从而保障控制的准确性。
在一个实施例中,在S400步骤中,在得到PID整定参数后,通过PID整定参数分析***控制的稳定性,若稳定性不符合要求,则发出报警信号。
上述技术方案的工作原理和有益效果为:本方案对***控制的稳定性进行评估,在得到PID整定参数后,通过PID整定参数进行分析,得到***控制的稳定性评价结果,若稳定性评价结果不符合要求,则表明***存在稳定性风险,提示需要采取相应的措施以提高稳定性,以保证***运行的安全性及可靠性。
本发明实施例提供了一种储能***,如图4所示,包括电池模组10、双向变流装置20、能量调度子***30和闭环控制子***40;
所述电池模组10包括多个磷酸铁锂电池模块,所述磷酸铁锂电池模块设置的磷酸铁锂电池用于存储电能;
所述双向变流装置20包括稳压整流组件和逆变组件,所述稳压整流组件和逆变组件都与电池模组10连接;所述稳压整流组件与发电设备连接用于将发电调整后给电池充电,所述逆变组件与输电设备连接用于将电池存储的电能改变为用电设备可以使用的电源;
所述能量调度子***30分别与电池模组10和双向变流装置20连接,所述能量调度子***30内置能量调度模型,能量调度子***30用于监测电池模组电量,能量调度模型根据PID整定参数及预定策略控制双向变流装置进行充电与放电的调度;
所述闭环控制子***40包括PID控制模块,所述PID控制模块内置自适应模型,所述自适应模型用于采用上述储能***的参数整定方法得到PID调整修正参数;PID控制模块利用PID调整修正参数对PID初始参数进行修正,得到PID整定参数。
上述技术方案的工作原理和有益效果为:本方案的储能***为模块化分布式***,包括电池模组、双向变流装置、能量调度子***和闭环控制子***;电池模组(PACK)采用模块化磷酸铁锂电池,能量调度子***(EMS)用于进行充电和/或放电的调度;闭环控制子***采用PID控制模块,PID控制模块内置自适应模型,对于储能***的能量调度控制初始参数以处适应模型进行处理,得到PID调整修正参数,并以此对能量调度控制参数进行修改,实现参数整定,使得控制适应分布式储能***特征,可以应对不确定性,控制效果更好,降低故障率和维护成本。
在一个实施例中,所述电池模组为多组且分布式设置;所述能量调度子***对各电池模组的实时电量、充电量和放电量进行监测;
所述能量调度模型的预定策略为:根据调度需求生成多组调度方案,通过监测数据进行发电和/或用电预测;根据预测对各组调度方案进行充电和/或放电的损耗分析,选择损耗最小的调度方案作为调度执行方案。
上述技术方案的工作原理和有益效果为:本方案的储能***为模块化分布式***,电池模组为多组且分布式设置,能量调度子***对各电池模组的实时电量、充电量和放电量进行监测,在能量调度子***内设置调度模型,通过监测数据进行发电和/或用电预测;根据预测对各组调度方案进行充电和/或放电的损耗分析,选择损耗最小的调度方案作为调度执行方案,可以降低储能***的能耗,提高储能利用率。
在一个实施例中,所述稳压整流组件包括整流电路和稳压电路,所述整流电路将发电设备的交流电转变为直流电,所述稳压电路将直流电的电压稳定与电池模组相同;
所述逆变组件包括逆变桥电路、逻辑控制电路和滤波电路,所述逆变桥电路用于将电池模组的直流电转变成交流电,所述滤波电路对交流电进行滤波处理,所述逻辑控制电路用于直流电转变成交流电过程的逻辑控制。
上述技术方案的工作原理和有益效果为:本方案通过整流电路将发电设备的交流电转变为直流电,通过稳压电路将直流电的电压稳定与电池模组相同,实现发电设备与电池模组适配与连接,避免电源不同对设备造成损害;通过变桥电路将电池模组的直流电转变成交流电,以滤波电路对交流电进行滤波处理,采用逻辑控制电路对直流电转变成交流电过程的逻辑控制,从而将电池模组的直流电转化为我国的标准市电,从而可以接入现有的大多数供电网络进行供电,节省输电成本,实现储能利用。
在一个实施例中,所述能量调度子***连接有通信模块,所述通信模块用于连接网络实现数据交互。
上述技术方案的工作原理和有益效果为:本方案通过设置通信模块,用于网络连接,实现数据交互;因此允许远程终端通过网络访问,进行能量调度的远程控制和查询,或者进行远程管理、诊断以及控制软件升级,减少现场维护管理,控制运维成本。
在一个实施例中,所述储能***模块化分布式***;
所述闭环控制子***内设评估模块,所述评估模块采用以下公式计算控制的稳定性指数:
上式中,τ表示控制的稳定性指数;wi,j‘表示经整定后的第i个设备或者模块的第j项参数;wi,j表示采集的第i个设备或者模块的第j项参数;
若控制的稳定性指数超过设定的稳定阈值,则表明***存在稳定性风险,因此发出报警信号。
上述技术方案的工作原理和有益效果为:本方案通过在闭环控制子***内设置评估模块,评估模块采用上述公式计算确定当前***控制的稳定性指数,用以与设定的稳定阈值对比,评估***控制的稳定性;例如设定的稳定阈值为0.5,若当前控制的稳定性指数小于等于0.5,则表明当前***控制的稳定性较好,反之,则表明***存在稳定性风险,提示需要采取相应的措施以提高稳定性,以保证***运行的安全性及可靠性。
显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样,倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
Claims (10)
1.一种储能***的参数整定方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S100采用PID控制模块构建能量调度的闭环控制子***;
S200根据储能***的能量调度模型获取PID初始参数;
S300在PID控制模块设置自适应模型,通过自适应模型对PID初始参数进行处理得到PID调整修正参数;
S400利用PID调整修正参数对PID参数进行修正,得到PID整定参数。
2.根据权利要求1所述的储能***的参数整定方法,其特征在于,在S300步骤中,通过自适应模型对PID初始参数进行处理得到PID调整修正参数的过程如下:
S310利用PID初始参数,确定闭环控制子***在单位阶跃下的响应曲线;
S320通过响应曲线进行能量调度预测,进行预测评估得到预测偏差量;
S330利用量化因子将预测偏差量转换成模糊变量,根据预设模糊规则获取PID基础修正参数;
S340对PID基础修正参数进行模糊处理得到PID调整修正参数。
3.根据权利要求1所述的储能***的参数整定方法,其特征在于,在S200步骤中,能量调度模型设置的预定策略为:根据调度需求生成多组调度方案,通过监测数据进行发电和/或用电预测;根据预测对各组调度方案进行充电和/或放电的损耗分析,选择损耗最小的调度方案作为调度执行方案。
4.根据权利要求1所述的储能***的参数整定方法,其特征在于,在S320步骤中,通过响应曲线进行能量调度预测的方式如下:
根据响应曲线确定响应函数;
通过对响应函数在预测时域进行求导,确定偏差方向;
以预定的预测时长,通过响应函数计算偏差数值;
结合偏差方向与偏差数值形成偏差向量;
通过偏差向量确定能量调度控制参数的预测偏差量。
5.根据权利要求1所述的储能***的参数整定方法,其特征在于,在S400步骤中,在得到PID整定参数后,通过PID整定参数分析***控制的稳定性,若稳定性不符合要求,则发出报警信号。
6.一种储能***,其特征在于,包括电池模组、双向变流装置、能量调度子***和闭环控制子***;
所述电池模组包括多个磷酸铁锂电池模块,所述磷酸铁锂电池模块设置的磷酸铁锂电池用于存储电能;
所述双向变流装置包括稳压整流组件和逆变组件,所述稳压整流组件和逆变组件都与电池模组连接;所述稳压整流组件与发电设备连接用于将发电调整后给电池充电,所述逆变组件与输电设备连接用于将电池存储的电能改变为用电设备可以使用的电源;
所述能量调度子***分别与电池模组和双向变流装置连接,所述能量调度子***内置能量调度模型,能量调度子***用于监测电池模组电量,能量调度模型根据PID整定参数及预定策略控制双向变流装置进行充电与放电的调度;
所述闭环控制子***包括PID控制模块,所述PID控制模块内置自适应模型,所述自适应模型用于采用上述储能***的参数整定方法得到PID调整修正参数;PID控制模块利用PID调整修正参数对PID初始参数进行修正,得到PID整定参数。
7.根据权利要求6所述的储能***,其特征在于,所述电池模组为多组且分布式设置;所述能量调度子***对各电池模组的实时电量、充电量和放电量进行监测;
所述能量调度模型的预定策略为:根据调度需求生成多组调度方案,通过监测数据进行发电和/或用电预测;根据预测对各组调度方案进行充电和/或放电的损耗分析,选择损耗最小的调度方案作为调度执行方案。
8.根据权利要求6所述的储能***,其特征在于,所述稳压整流组件包括整流电路和稳压电路,所述整流电路将发电设备的交流电转变为直流电,所述稳压电路将直流电的电压稳定与电池模组相同。
9.根据权利要求6所述的储能***,其特征在于,所述逆变组件包括逆变桥电路、逻辑控制电路和滤波电路,所述逆变桥电路用于将电池模组的直流电转变成交流电,所述滤波电路对交流电进行滤波处理,所述逻辑控制电路用于直流电转变成交流电过程的逻辑控制。
10.根据权利要求6所述的储能***,其特征在于,所述能量调度子***连接有通信模块,所述通信模块用于连接网络实现数据交互。
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