CN114279424A - Ground photogrammetry mark for observing tomography activity and use method thereof - Google Patents
Ground photogrammetry mark for observing tomography activity and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114279424A CN114279424A CN202111633456.8A CN202111633456A CN114279424A CN 114279424 A CN114279424 A CN 114279424A CN 202111633456 A CN202111633456 A CN 202111633456A CN 114279424 A CN114279424 A CN 114279424A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- mark
- observation
- ground
- bottom plate
- fault
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-anthraquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010006 flight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013102 re-test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Landscapes
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a ground photogrammetric survey mark for observing tomography activities and a using method thereof. The ground photogrammetry mark consists of a bottom plate, a reflection identification plate, a connecting rod and a level. The reflection recognition plate has a predetermined spatial relationship with the geometric center of the base plate. The using method for the tomography measurement comprises four parts of the manufacture of a ground photography measurement mark, the arrangement of the ground photography measurement mark, the observation and point location identification method of the measurement mark and the tomography observation method based on the ground photography measurement mark. At least 2 marks are respectively distributed on the two disks of the fault, and at least 2 periods are observed. The photogrammetric survey mark can provide redundant observed values to improve the observation precision, and has the advantages of flexible layout, labor saving and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fault activity observation, in particular to a ground photogrammetry mark for observing fault activity and a using method thereof.
Background
The method for observing the horizontal or vertical movement of two disks of a fault mainly comprises a transit instrument, a range finder and a total station trilateration method or a triangulation method, a laser radar method, an InSAR method, a GNSS method, a precision leveling method and the like.
The observation system of fault activity based on the trilateration method or triangulation method (triangulation network) of theodolite + range finder/total station requires to bury the ground observation mark, always depends on the manual work to carry out repeated measurement under the observation point, and must solve the problem of through vision. The viewing distance between two opposing observation points cannot be too large, typically less than 3000 m. Therefore, the method has low working efficiency and is greatly influenced by the visibility condition, and the net distribution is not ideal.
The space-based laser radar (LiDAR) does not need to be buried in the ground for observing a mark, the problem of limitation of ground surface communication conditions does not exist, and the space-based laser radar has the advantages of high efficiency, large operation area and the like, but the cost is high, and repeated observation is not facilitated. If the ground observation mark is not buried, the vector direction and the motion amount in the vector direction of the relative motion of the two fault disks cannot be determined, and the joint measurement with the regional satellite positioning network cannot be carried out to determine the absolute motion amount of the two fault disks. While ground-based laser radar (LiDAR) does not need to carry out buried ground observation marks, the problem that the sight between ground wire points is needed exists. This method has high accuracy, but low efficiency, small working area and high cost. If the ground observation mark is not buried, the vector direction and the motion amount in the vector direction of the relative motion of the two fault disks cannot be determined, and the joint measurement with the regional satellite positioning network cannot be carried out to determine the absolute motion amount of the two fault disks.
The InSAR method utilizes interference fringes of two-stage or multi-stage earth surface deformation to perform unwrapping calculation to obtain the moving amplitude of two disks of fault earth surfaces in different directions. This method requires the installation of a ground angle radiator. The measurement area is large, but the measurement area depends on the area covered by the flight path of the satellite, and the application range is influenced.
The GNSS crust deformation observation network needs to embed ground observation marks, does not have the limitation problem of ground surface through viewing conditions, is suitable for large-scale crust deformation observation, has good signal continuity, and can calculate the horizontal displacement of relative motion of two fault plates. However, the calculation of the vertical direction or the vertical direction component is weak, and the netting cost is high.
The method is an important method for realizing the observation of the fault activity state with multi-period and high precision, and is simple, cheap and easy to operate. With the advent of consumer-grade drones, it became possible to achieve low-cost multi-phase photogrammetric observations.
Along with the appearance of oblique photogrammetry technique, carry on many camera lenses's unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photogrammetry, it is many to shoot the angle, and the repeated observation is convenient. An unmanned aerial vehicle with a satellite positioning system is used, but the vector direction of relative motion of two fault plates and the amount of motion in the vector direction cannot be determined if a ground observation mark is not buried. Thus, it is a necessary condition to arrange a ground photogrammetric mark to realize high-precision observation of surface deformation or tomographic activity.
The current photogrammetry marks used more are multi-ring center type. The essence of this type of photogrammetric marker is that it is captured by multiple rings, using a single point planar photogrammetric marker with a central point located. If a center point mask is encountered, the data for that point will be unusable. Then, by setting the multi-corner method, the capture efficiency of the photogrammetric mark in the image can be improved, and redundant observed values can be increased, so that the observation precision is improved.
Previous studies and observations have shown that a large or medium scale zonal fracture zone tends to have non-uniform strength of movement, thereby forming a localized image of deformation. This phenomenon provides a new idea for observing fault activity state. Namely, a small area network is distributed in a section with high fault activity intensity or large activity amplitude, and the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for observing the point position change of the ground photogrammetry mark for multiple times, so that local dynamic observation of a small area is realized. The small area network observation data can also be accessed into an area deformation observation network for resolving and used as an encryption observation network of a large area network.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the problems set forth above in the background, the present invention provides a terrestrial photogrammetry marker for observing tomographic activity and a method of using the same.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a terrestrial photogrammetric marker for observing tomographic activities,
the method comprises the following steps: the bottom plate is an isosceles right triangle;
at least 2 isosceles right triangle reflection identification flat plates with the same shape and equal side length; the 2 reflection identification flat plates are fixed on the bottom plate, and the 2 reflection identification flat plates and the 1 isosceles right triangle bottom plate have a predetermined spatial position relationship, so that when the photogrammetric mark is placed in a space, the position of the geometric center in the space can be obtained by calculation according to the position of at least 1 reflection identification flat plate in the space and the predetermined spatial relationship;
the connecting rod is connected with the bottom plate, so that the geometric center of the connecting rod and the geometric center of the bottom plate have a preset spatial relationship, the position of the geometric center of the bottom connecting rod or a specific part of the connecting rod can be calculated by marking the positions of the corner points of the upper bottom plate or the corner points of the reflecting plate, and the position of the connecting rod corresponding to the bottom plate is the position of a ground observation point;
the water level is arranged on the connecting rod or the bottom plate and used for leveling the bottom plate during first observation and enabling the connecting rod to be in a vertical state;
the general outline of the sign is that the upper part is a triangular cone and the lower part is a connecting rod.
The use method of the ground photogrammetry mark for observing tomography activity comprises the following steps:
laying ground photogrammetry marks:
(1) determining active fault sections, namely, reading the existing data or surveying and sorting active fault sections in the field, such as sections with high activity intensity or obvious landform deformation;
(2) the ground photography survey marks are distributed, in the active section of the fault, at least 4 ground photography survey marks of the invention are distributed on two disks of the fault, and at least 2 marks are distributed on each disk. The connecting rod at the lower part of the sign needs to be fixed on the bedrock, and the shielding degree of the upper part is low or medium;
the observation and point location identification method of the measurement mark comprises the following steps:
(1) flight preparation work, including: setting a GNSS reference station frame; erecting a communication link radio station of the airplane; assembling and debugging the airplane; designing a flight path in a task area; the airplane and the ground control station are jointly adjusted;
(2) trial flight is carried out, and the safety height and shooting parameters are determined;
(3) after the flight preparation work is finished, firstly, acquiring an orthoimage above the safe altitude of a task area, copying GNSS reference station data, airplane-mounted GNSS mobile station data, airplane flight control inertial navigation and photographing information data and an orthoimage photographed by an onboard camera into a computer of a task site, and carrying out quick DSM manufacturing;
(4) oblique photography
After the rapid DSM is manufactured, designing a high-resolution oblique photography air route according to the acquired DSM data of the task area, enabling the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly along the ground and shoot at a short distance, and acquiring the high-resolution oblique photography aerial number of the task area through continuous flying of a plurality of frames.
(5) Air triangulation and live-action three-dimensional data making
And copying the data of the mobile hard disk to a computer processing cluster, and processing the data by using professional processing software (Smart3D, ContextCapture, Mirauge3D and the like). Firstly, performing aerial triangulation calculation to obtain accurate POS information of each photo, and then performing live-action three-dimensional reconstruction to obtain live-action three-dimensional model data of a task area;
(6) ortho image production
According to the produced real-scene three-dimensional data, vertical image acquisition processing is carried out to obtain a real projective image result of the task area;
(7) three-dimensional coordinates of the corner points: reading the three-dimensional coordinates of any corner point in the measuring mark in ContextCapture4.4.9.516 software and Smart 3D;
(8) two-dimensional coordinates of the corner points: manually acquiring a two-dimensional coordinate of any corner point on the ground measuring mark under ArcGIS software;
(9) when the O point in the mark is occluded, the coordinates of other corner points in the mark, such as A, B or O, can be identified1。
The space with the geometric center can also derive the spatial positions of the rest angular points by capturing any one angular point of the radiation recognition plate.
The bottom plate or the reflecting plate is pre-sprayed with characteristic colors, so that the recognition rate of the ground measuring marks in the image is improved.
The application of the ground photographic measuring mark for observing the fault activity in fault observation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) point location identification, wherein in the observation and point location identification method of the measuring mark, (1) - (6) two-dimensional or three-dimensional coordinates of each corner point of each terrestrial photogrammetric mark of the terrestrial photogrammetric mark can be obtained;
(2) distance measurement: calculating the length between any two points by using a two-point distance formula; the side lengths between the angular points with the same number of different measuring marks can also be measured;
(3) distance adjustment: performing adjustment on the combined side length in the step (2) to obtain the adjusted side length;
(4) azimuth measurement of observation side: connecting corresponding numbering angular points of a measuring mark of a disc of a fault and two measuring marks of a counter disc of the fault to obtain the azimuth angles of a plurality of groups of observation edges;
(5) and (3) multi-stage observation: obtaining a first-stage observation result after the steps (1) to (4), repeating the steps (1) to (4) when subsequent multi-stage observation is carried out after a period of time, and obtaining the side length change and the azimuth angle change of an observation side between each stage of subsequent observation and the first observation, or the side length change and the azimuth angle change of the observation side between any two stages. So that the relative motion amplitude and the relative motion direction of the two disks in a period of time of the fault can be observed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the used ground photogrammetric survey mark can provide more redundant observed values in one flight, thereby reducing the arrangement of the ground photogrammetric survey mark, saving the cost and simultaneously improving the resolving precision of single measurement,
2. the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for operation, the operation time is flexible, the flying height selectivity is high, and the retest period and the flying height are more flexible than those of the InSAR method.
3. The image of the survey area is obtained based on the mode of unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry, and compared with other ground manual measurement methods, the working efficiency is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an elevation view (a), a side view (b), a bottom plate (including a level) and a reflection identification plate view (c) of the photogrammetric survey mark according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a terrestrial photogrammetry marker object according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the relationship between the measurement markers and the fault and a field oblique photography operation diagram according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an orthographic view of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a two-dimensional point location identification diagram of the measurement mark according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional point location identification diagram of the measurement mark according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a diagram of a fault activity monitoring method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
This embodiment is a ground photogrammetry marker for observing tomographic activities, according to the present invention, including: 1 bottom plate, 2 triangle-shaped reflection discernment boards, 1 connecting rod and 1 circle level. The whole outline of the sign is a triangular pyramid at the upper part, and a square long rod at the lower part. The device consists of 1 isosceles right triangle base plate, 2 isosceles right triangle reflection identification plates, 1 connecting rod with a square cross section and 1 circular level. Overall profile as shown in fig. 1a, upper part O1The lower part of the OAB triangular cone body is provided with a connecting rod. As shown in fig. 1.
The welding of the mark is measured. OAB is isosceles right triangle base plate, O1OA and O1OB are two isosceles right triangle reflecting plates OO2Is a connecting rod with a square section. O is1Is a corner point at the top of the mark, O is the geometric center point of the mark, O2Is the marked ground point. The right-angle side OA of the isosceles right triangle reflection identification plate and the right-angle side OA of the isosceles right triangle of the bottom plate are subjected to dotted welding, and the right-angle side OB of the other isosceles right triangle reflection identification plate and the bottom plate and the like are subjected to spot weldingPerforming dotted welding on the right-angle sides OB of the waist right-angle triangle, and reflecting and identifying the homonymous right-angle sides OO of the two isosceles right-angle triangles1And carrying out right-angle edge welding with the same name. The bottom plate and the two reflective plates in this embodiment have a 20cm square edge and a 28.28cm hypotenuse edge, as shown in fig. 2.
A connecting method of the connecting rod and the upper triangular vertebral body mark. In this example, a stainless steel tube having a square cross section, a side length of 2cm and a length of 1m was used, and one edge of the square stainless steel tube was OO2Is formed by OO2OO (on-off) which is a common right-angle edge of two triangular reflection identification plates in sign1On the same line, fig. 2. So that A, B, O or O is obtained1When angular point is present, O can be deduced2Point of (a).
A circular level, which is a circular level using a compass in the present embodiment, is placed on the base plate, as shown in fig. 2.
In order to quickly identify the ground photogrammetry marks during the oblique photogrammetry process, the bottom plate of the marks is painted red, and the two isosceles right triangle reflection identification plates are painted green and yellow, as shown in fig. 2.
Example 2
This embodiment is an example of the layout of the ground photogrammetric mark according to the present invention. After field investigation, selecting an area with medium shielding degree, representing a fault ground trace by a steel tape, respectively embedding photogrammetric marks in two assumed fault disks, and embedding 2 marks with the same specification in each disk, as shown in fig. 3.
Example 3
The embodiment of the present invention is an observation and point location identification method for a measurement marker, including the following steps:
(1) preparation work for flying
Before flying, the field operation is carried out in the weather of calm wind, thin cloud shielding and uniform illumination. The embodiment uses a 4RTK single-lens UAV of Xinjiang spirit. The airplane is assembled and debugged in the field, the flight path of a mission area is designed, and the airplane and a ground control station are jointly debugged.
(2) Test flight
After 2 test flights, the safe flight height is selected to be 7.5m, the aperture is 2.8, the shutter speed is 1/160S, ISO100, the planning route is a groined route, and the oblique photography shooting mode is adopted.
(3) Fast DSM production of orthoimages
After the orthoimage acquisition task is finished, copying the data of an aircraft onboard GNSS mobile station, the data of aircraft flight control inertial navigation and photographing information and an orthoimage photographed by an onboard camera into a computer of a task site, and performing rapid DSM (digital surface model) manufacturing;
(4) oblique photography
After the rapid DSM for oblique photography and aerial photography is manufactured, according to the acquired DSM data of the task area, designing a high-resolution oblique photography air route, and enabling the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly along the ground in a simulated manner and carry out short-distance shooting, as shown in figure 3.
(5) Aerial triangulation solution and three-dimensional model reconstruction
After the aerial photography is finished, the data of the aircraft-mounted GNSS mobile station, the data of the aircraft flight control inertial navigation and photographing information and the photos obtained by the onboard camera are copied into the mobile hard disk for storage. And copying the data of the mobile hard disk to a computer processing cluster, using Smart3D to perform aerial triangulation calculation, acquiring accurate POS information of each photo, and then performing real three-dimensional reconstruction to obtain real three-dimensional model data of a task area.
(6) Ortho image production
And (3) according to the produced real three-dimensional data, performing vertical image acquisition processing to obtain an orthoimage result of the task area, and obtaining a diagram 4.
(7) Two-dimensional coordinate reading of measurement marker corner points
The orthoimage is led into ArcGIS or other remote sensing software, and a certain angular point in the image is amplified to a pixel to read a two-dimensional coordinate of the pixel; as shown in fig. 5.
(8) Three-dimensional coordinate reading of measurement marker corner points
The DSM image is imported into Smart3D or other software, and after one corner point in the image is enlarged, its three-dimensional coordinates are read, as shown in fig. 6.
(9) And (7) repeating the steps (7) and (8) to measure two-dimensional or three-dimensional coordinates of any other corner points in the ground measuring mark, and then performing two-dimensional or three-dimensional coordinate adjustment to obtain the coordinates of the center o of the measuring mark or deducing the coordinates of the center point according to the preset geometric relationship between the corner points and the center point o.
Measurements after a flight mission are provided. If fault activity observation is needed, the steps (1) to (8) in the embodiment 3 need to be repeated, and then data comparison is carried out, so that the point position change of each mark in the time intervals of the flight missions at two sides and the relative change between the point positions can be obtained, and the relative motion mode and amplitude of two disks of a fault can be calculated.
Example 4
The embodiment is an application of the terrestrial photogrammetry mark for observing tomography activity in tomography, and comprises the following steps:
as shown in FIG. 1, the 4 measurement markers in example 3 are named T1、T2、T3And T4The corner points and the connecting rods of each mark are numbered,
(1) after initial observation, the two-dimensional coordinates or three-dimensional coordinates of the o point of each mark can be obtained, and the side length between each mark in the initial period can be calculated through a coordinate formula between two points, as shown by a dotted line in fig. 7. Suppose that after a time interval, T results from a left-handed motion of a disk of a fault3And T4The relative left displacement occurs;
(2) second-phase flight the procedure of (1) to (8) in example 3 was repeated to obtain T1、T2、T3And T4Two-dimensional coordinates or three-dimensional coordinates of the point of phase two o. The side length between the second-stage marks can be calculated by a coordinate formula between the two points, as shown by a short dashed line in fig. 7;
(3) the side length varies. By comparing the side lengths of the homonyms in (1) and (2), the variation of the side length can be obtained, such as S in FIG. 71And S2；
(4) And (4) elevation changes. The high-range change in the observation time interval of two phases of each mark can be obtained by comparing the three-dimensional coordinates of o points of each mark, and the curve in FIG. 7 shows the two phasesObservation of T caused by inter-time interval fault activity4(ii) elevation change;
(5) the azimuth angle changes. The azimuth angle of the line segment between the first two points (alpha in figure 7) is determined in the step (1), the azimuth angle of the line segment between the two points (beta in figure 7) is determined after the observation of the step (2), and the azimuth change of the relative motion of the two disks of the fault can be obtained by comparing the azimuth changes of the two same-name line segments.
Claims (5)
1. A ground photogrammetry marker for observing tomographic activity, comprising: a bottom plate, a plurality of first connecting plates,
the bottom plate is an isosceles right triangle;
at least 2 isosceles right triangle reflection identification flat plates with the same shape and equal side length; the 2 reflection identification flat plates are fixed on the bottom plate, and the 2 reflection identification flat plates and the 1 isosceles right triangle bottom plate have a predetermined spatial position relationship, so that when the photogrammetric mark is placed in a space, the position of the geometric center in the space can be obtained by calculation according to the position of at least 1 reflection identification flat plate in the space and the predetermined spatial relationship;
the connecting rod is connected with the bottom plate, so that the geometric center of the connecting rod and the geometric center of the bottom plate have a preset spatial relationship, the position of the geometric center of the bottom connecting rod or a specific part of the connecting rod can be calculated by marking the positions of the corner points of the upper bottom plate or the corner points of the reflecting plate, and the position of the connecting rod corresponding to the bottom plate is the position of a ground observation point;
the water level is arranged on the connecting rod or the bottom plate and used for leveling the bottom plate during first observation and enabling the connecting rod to be in a vertical state;
the general outline of the sign is that the upper part is a triangular cone and the lower part is a connecting rod.
2. Use of a terrestrial photogrammetry marker for observing tomography activity according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
laying ground photogrammetry marks:
(1) determining active fault sections, namely, reading the existing data or surveying and sorting active fault sections in the field, such as sections with high activity intensity or obvious landform deformation;
(2) the ground photogrammetry marks are distributed, in the active section of the fault, at least 4 ground photogrammetry marks of the invention are distributed on two disks of the fault, each disk is at least distributed with 2 marks, the connecting rod at the lower part of the mark needs to be fixed on the bedrock, and the shielding degree of the upper part is low or medium;
the observation and point location identification method of the measurement mark comprises the following steps:
(1) flight preparation work, including: setting a GNSS reference station frame; erecting a communication link radio station of the airplane; assembling and debugging the airplane; designing a flight path in a task area; the airplane and the ground control station are jointly adjusted;
(2) trial flight is carried out, and the safety height and shooting parameters are determined;
(3) after the flight preparation work is finished, firstly, acquiring an orthoimage above the safe altitude of a task area, copying GNSS reference station data, airplane-mounted GNSS mobile station data, airplane flight control inertial navigation and photographing information data and an orthoimage photographed by an onboard camera into a computer of a task site, and carrying out quick DSM manufacturing;
(4) oblique photography
After the rapid DSM is manufactured, designing a high-resolution oblique photography air route according to the acquired DSM data of the task area, enabling the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly along the ground and shoot at a short distance, and acquiring the high-resolution oblique photography aerial number of the task area through continuous flying of a plurality of frames;
(5) air triangulation and live-action three-dimensional data making
Copying the data of the mobile hard disk to a computer processing cluster, processing by using professional processing software Smart3D or ContextCapture or Mirauge3D, firstly carrying out aerial triangulation calculation to obtain accurate POS information of each photo, and then carrying out live-action three-dimensional reconstruction to obtain live-action three-dimensional model data of a task area;
(6) ortho image production
According to the produced real-scene three-dimensional model data, vertical image acquisition processing is carried out to obtain a real projective image result of the task area;
(7) three-dimensional coordinates of the corner points: reading the three-dimensional coordinates of any corner point in the measuring mark in ContextCapture4.4.9.516 software and Smart 3D;
(8) two-dimensional coordinates of the corner points: manually acquiring a two-dimensional coordinate of any corner point on the ground measuring mark under ArcGIS software;
(9) when the O point in the mark is occluded, the coordinates of other corner points in the mark, such as A, B or O, can be identified1。
3. The geophotogrammetric marker for observing tomographic activity of claim 1, wherein the geometric center is located in a space in which the spatial positions of the remaining corner points can be further derived by capturing any one of the corner points of the radiation recognition plate.
4. The geophotogrammetric marker for observing tomographic activities as defined in claim 1, wherein the bottom plate or the reflective plate is pre-painted with a characteristic color to improve the recognition rate of the geophotogrammetric marker in the image.
5. Use of a terrestrial photogrammetry marker for observing tomographic activity in tomography according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) point location identification, wherein in the observation and point location identification method of the measuring mark, (1) - (6) two-dimensional or three-dimensional coordinates of each corner point of each terrestrial photogrammetric mark of the terrestrial photogrammetric mark can be obtained;
(2) distance measurement: calculating the length between any two points by using a two-point distance formula; the side lengths between the angular points with the same number of different measuring marks can also be measured;
(3) distance adjustment: performing adjustment on the combined side length in the step (2) to obtain the adjusted side length;
(4) azimuth measurement of observation side: connecting corresponding numbering angular points of a measuring mark of a disc of a fault and two measuring marks of a counter disc of the fault to obtain the azimuth angles of a plurality of groups of observation edges;
(5) and (3) multi-stage observation: and (3) obtaining a first-stage observation result after the steps (1) to (4), repeating the steps (1) to (4) when subsequent multi-stage observation is carried out after a period of time, and obtaining the side length change and the azimuth angle change of an observation side between each post-stage observation and the first-stage observation, or the side length change and the azimuth angle change of the observation side between any two stages, so that the relative motion amplitude and the relative motion azimuth of two disks of the fault in a period of time can be observed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111633456.8A CN114279424A (en) | 2021-12-29 | 2021-12-29 | Ground photogrammetry mark for observing tomography activity and use method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111633456.8A CN114279424A (en) | 2021-12-29 | 2021-12-29 | Ground photogrammetry mark for observing tomography activity and use method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114279424A true CN114279424A (en) | 2022-04-05 |
Family
ID=80877559
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111633456.8A Pending CN114279424A (en) | 2021-12-29 | 2021-12-29 | Ground photogrammetry mark for observing tomography activity and use method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114279424A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5589981A (en) * | 1994-03-10 | 1996-12-31 | Aerospatiale Societe Nationale Industrielle | Retroreflector target for laser ranging |
| US20020144416A1 (en) * | 2001-03-23 | 2002-10-10 | Leica Geosystems Ag | Target object for automated measuring instruments |
| KR20040006624A (en) * | 2002-07-13 | 2004-01-24 | 손호웅 | System for Three-Dimensional Surveying System and Inferring Orientation of Rock-mass Joints Using Reference Coordinate and LaserScanner and The Same Method |
| CN110455256A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-15 | 西安科技大学 | Ground settlement observation method based on unmanned plane oblique photograph measurement |
| CN113776451A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2021-12-10 | 长江空间信息技术工程有限公司(武汉) | Deformation monitoring automation method based on unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry |
-
2021
- 2021-12-29 CN CN202111633456.8A patent/CN114279424A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5589981A (en) * | 1994-03-10 | 1996-12-31 | Aerospatiale Societe Nationale Industrielle | Retroreflector target for laser ranging |
| US20020144416A1 (en) * | 2001-03-23 | 2002-10-10 | Leica Geosystems Ag | Target object for automated measuring instruments |
| KR20040006624A (en) * | 2002-07-13 | 2004-01-24 | 손호웅 | System for Three-Dimensional Surveying System and Inferring Orientation of Rock-mass Joints Using Reference Coordinate and LaserScanner and The Same Method |
| CN110455256A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-15 | 西安科技大学 | Ground settlement observation method based on unmanned plane oblique photograph measurement |
| CN113776451A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2021-12-10 | 长江空间信息技术工程有限公司(武汉) | Deformation monitoring automation method based on unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Gerke et al. | Accuracy analysis of photogrammetric UAV image blocks: Influence of onboard RTK-GNSS and cross flight patterns | |
| CN105928498B (en) | Method, the geodetic mapping and survey system, storage medium of information about object are provided | |
| Chiabrando et al. | UAV and RPV systems for photogrammetric surveys in archaelogical areas: two tests in the Piedmont region (Italy) | |
| Li | Mobile mapping: An emerging technology for spatial data acquisition | |
| KR100912715B1 (en) | Method and apparatus of digital photogrammetry by integrated modeling for different types of sensors | |
| CN102645209B (en) | Joint positioning method for spatial points by means of onboard LiDAR point cloud and high resolution images | |
| CN109242918B (en) | Helicopter-borne binocular stereo vision calibration method | |
| CN110503687B (en) | Target positioning method for aerial photoelectric measurement platform | |
| CN106408601A (en) | GPS-based binocular fusion positioning method and device | |
| CN109782276A (en) | A kind of airborne heavy rail interference SAR method for registering of Long baselines | |
| CN112862966B (en) | Method, device, equipment and storage medium for constructing surface three-dimensional model | |
| Yeh et al. | Modeling slope topography using unmanned aerial vehicle image technique | |
| Bybee et al. | Method for 3-D scene reconstruction using fused LiDAR and imagery from a texel camera | |
| Hein et al. | An integrated rapid mapping system for disaster management | |
| CN113340272B (en) | Ground target real-time positioning method based on micro-group of unmanned aerial vehicle | |
| Li et al. | A study of the potential attainable geometric accuracy of IKONOS satellite imagery | |
| CN108195359A (en) | The acquisition method and system of spatial data | |
| Zhang | Photogrammetric processing of low altitude image sequences by unmanned airship | |
| CN114279424A (en) | Ground photogrammetry mark for observing tomography activity and use method thereof | |
| CN115752468A (en) | Unmanned aerial vehicle obstacle avoidance method based on hand-eye coordination | |
| CN104457756B (en) | A kind of sea surface drag localization method based on two-shipper ranging | |
| Guntel et al. | Accuracy analysis of control point distribution for different terrain types on photogrammetric block | |
| Wu et al. | Utilizing UAV for 3D Map for urban land use in Tainan City, Taiwan | |
| CN111473773A (en) | Method for measuring cadastral features by applying unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography to ratio of 1:500 | |
| CN114234946A (en) | Multi-corner point oblique photography measurement mark and identification method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |