CN114279053A - Central air-conditioning system based on COP band theory and control method - Google Patents
Central air-conditioning system based on COP band theory and control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a central air-conditioning system based on COP band theory and a control method, belonging to the technical field of energy conservation of central air-conditioners. The system comprises: the system comprises a central air conditioning unit device, a local terminal acquisition device, a network transmission system and a cloud intelligent management and control system; the central air-conditioning unit equipment comprises equipment such as a host machine, a water pump, a cooling tower and the like; the local end device comprises an intelligent temperature controller, a data acquisition unit, a data sensor, an actuator and the like; the network transmission system comprises an Internet of things and an Internet transmission system; the cloud intelligent management and control system comprises a central air-conditioning control system and a central air-conditioning management system. The invention controls the central air conditioning unit equipment to carry out real-time optimization by acquiring the whole load and all environmental parameters of the system and comparing with the built-in model, so that the host and the water pump equipment always work in the optimal energy-saving state, thereby achieving the purpose of maximizing the COP value of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy conservation and automatic control of a central air-conditioning system, in particular to a central air-conditioning system based on COP band theory and a control method thereof.
Background
The low-carbon economic development at the present stage is paid unprecedented attention, and how to reduce the energy consumption of a central air-conditioning system becomes the research focus in the field of building energy conservation. However, from a short time, the production and control technology of air conditioner host manufacturers and water pumps is quite advanced, the energy-saving technology of single equipment reaches the ceiling at present, and no major breakthrough can be made in a short time. Therefore, in order to further reduce the energy consumption of the air conditioning system, it is necessary to start with the overall adjustment of the air conditioning system.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the system problems, the invention provides the field of energy saving and automatic control of a central air-conditioning system, and the whole central air-conditioning system can be in an efficient energy-saving state all the time by collecting all parameters to adjust a host and a water pump, so that the problem that the energy consumption is difficult to reduce is solved in a new way.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a central air conditioning system based on cloud coordination, including: the system comprises central air conditioning unit equipment, a local terminal acquisition device, a network transmission system and a cloud intelligent management system;
the central air conditioning unit equipment comprises equipment such as a host, a water pump, a cooling tower and the like;
the local terminal device comprises an intelligent temperature controller, a data acquisition unit, a data sensor, an actuator and the like;
the cloud intelligent management and control system comprises a central air-conditioning control system and a central air-conditioning management system.
Furthermore, the cloud intelligent management and control system is used for analyzing and processing the operation data and the energy consumption data collected by the local end device, and sending the processed result to the local end device for controlling the central air conditioning unit equipment;
the cloud intelligent management and control system is deployed on the cloud server and is an application service applied to the cloud server.
Furthermore, the central air conditioning unit equipment comprises equipment such as a host machine, a water pump, a cooling tower and the like;
the host is a cold and heat source unit with a communication control function in the central air-conditioning system, transmits parameters to the cloud intelligent control system through a real-time communication function, and can receive signal control of a local terminal device;
the water pump comprises a variable frequency water pump and a fixed frequency water pump and is applied to a cooling water loop, a chilled water loop and other water loops;
the cooling tower adopts a variable frequency motor and is controlled by an output signal in a cooling tower frequency converter in the unit equipment; control signals for the water pump and cooling tower are sourced from the local end-point.
Furthermore, the local end device comprises an intelligent temperature controller, a data acquisition unit, a data sensor, an actuator and other equipment; the local terminal device collects local signals and transmits the local signals to the cloud intelligent control system, and meanwhile, the local terminal device receives signals of the cloud intelligent control system to control local equipment;
the intelligent temperature controller has the functions of a common temperature controller, can also collect the energy consumption states of the current equipment such as a fan coil and a fresh air fan, transmits the energy consumption states to the cloud intelligent management and control system, and can send control signals of the cloud intelligent management and control system to the equipment such as the fan coil and the fresh air fan;
the data acquisition unit is used for collecting data of equipment such as central air conditioner host equipment, a PLC module, a DDC module and the like and communicating the equipment with the cloud intelligent management and control system;
the data sensor is used for acquiring temperature, pressure, flow and other parameter values of equipment and the environment, converting the physical signals into electric signals, and transmitting the electric signals to the cloud intelligent management and control system after the equipment conversion;
the actuator receives a data command from the cloud intelligent management and control system, executes the data command and is used for achieving the functions of opening and closing of equipment, valve action, temperature regulation, humidity regulation and the like.
The network transmission system comprises an Internet of things and an Internet transmission system; the transmission mode of equipment communications such as intelligent temperature controller, data collection station, data sensor, executor can be one or more in the thing networking modes such as wired RJ45, wired serial ports, wireless loRa, wireless WIFI, wireless Zigbee, wireless 4G 5G. After the equipment data are collected through the Internet of things, the equipment data are transmitted to the cloud intelligent management and control system through Internet equipment and channels to be analyzed and calculated, and original paths are used for issuing control instructions.
The invention provides a central air-conditioning control method based on COP band theory, which is applied to any one of the central air-conditioning systems based on cloud cooperation, and the control method comprises the following steps:
establishing a parameter model of the air conditioning system object according to the local meteorological features and the overall equipment condition of the project;
the local terminal device is respectively used for acquiring operation data and energy consumption data of equipment such as a fan coil pipe at the side of a user, a fresh air unit and the like, simultaneously acquiring parameters such as temperature, humidity, air pressure and the like of the environment and network meteorological big data, and sending the data to the cloud intelligent management and control system;
the cloud intelligent management and control system analyzes the operation data, the energy consumption data and the meteorological data of the central air-conditioning equipment, and performs overall optimization control according to the analysis result by combining the established parameter model to obtain the optimal COP value and the energy consumption output condition under the corresponding conditions;
the cloud intelligent management and control system outputs the whole optimization result to the local end device, adjusts the central air conditioning unit equipment through the local end device, enables the water pump in the central air conditioning unit equipment and the host equipment to automatically match power output according to a parameter model, and enables the power consumption of the host and the water pump to be minimum on the premise of ensuring the power output, so that the optimal energy-saving state of the system is achieved, and the purpose of maximizing the COP value of the system is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the positive results of the invention are as follows:
(1) no matter newly-built or reform transform, all need not to make the change on original air conditioning system return circuit basis, only need newly-increased wisdom management and control software system and some intelligent terminal, change and change for a short time, the construction degree of difficulty is little.
(2) On the basis of the energy consumption of the original air conditioning system, the equipment can be maintained to always work in the optimal COP state, and a large amount of energy cost is saved.
(3) In the use, the system automated inspection operation need not artifical on duty, saves a large amount of human expenses in later stage.
(4) The adjustment is timely, the response is accurate, and the control time is shorter compared with the existing control mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a band diagram illustration of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be understood that the step numbers used herein are for convenience of description only and are not intended as limitations on the order in which the steps are performed.
It is to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. The terms "comprises" and "comprising" indicate the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
The term "and/or" refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The invention provides a central air-conditioning system based on COP waveband theory, which is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a central air conditioning unit device, a local terminal acquisition device and a cloud intelligent management and control system.
The central air conditioning unit equipment comprises equipment such as a host, a water pump, a cooling tower and the like; the local terminal device comprises an intelligent temperature controller, a data acquisition unit, a data sensor, an actuator and the like; the network transmission system comprises an Internet of things and an Internet transmission system; the cloud intelligent management and control system comprises a central air-conditioning control system and a central air-conditioning management system.
The embodiment of the invention aims at pursuing the optimal COP state of equipment and a system, and is used for seeking the optimal control scheme of cooperative work between equipment such as a host, a water pump, a cooling tower and the like in central air-conditioning unit equipment and user side loads, wherein the user side loads comprise loads of user side equipment such as a combined air-conditioning box, a fresh air unit, a fan coil and the like.
The intelligent temperature controller has the functions of a common temperature controller, can also collect the energy consumption states of the current equipment such as a fan coil and a fresh air fan, transmits the energy consumption states to the cloud intelligent management and control system, and can send control signals of the cloud intelligent management and control system to the equipment such as the fan coil and the fresh air fan; the data acquisition unit is used for collecting data of equipment such as central air conditioner host equipment, a PLC module, a DDC module and the like and communicating the equipment with the cloud intelligent management and control system; the data sensor is used for acquiring temperature, pressure, flow and other parameter values of equipment and the environment, converting the physical signals into electric signals, and transmitting the electric signals to the cloud intelligent management and control system after the equipment conversion; the executor receives the data command from the cloud intelligent management and control system, executes the data command, and is used for realizing the functions of equipment opening and closing, valve action, temperature regulation, humidity regulation and the like.
The transmission mode of equipment communications such as intelligent temperature controller, data collection station, data sensor, executor can be one or more in the thing networking modes such as wired RJ45, wired serial ports, wireless loRa, wireless WIFI, wireless Zigbee, wireless 4G 5G. After the equipment data are collected through the Internet of things, the equipment data are transmitted to the cloud intelligent management and control system through Internet equipment and channels to be analyzed and calculated, and original paths are used for issuing control instructions.
After the system runs, the local terminal acquisition device acquires the indoor temperature, humidity and load value of the user terminal, acquires the outdoor temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure value, acquires the COP value, output cold quantity or heat quantity value, voltage current value and output flow of the host equipment, acquires the rotating speed and voltage current value of the water pump, acquires the pipeline pressure, temperature and flow value, acquires the valve opening value, and transmits all the data to the cloud intelligent management and control system.
For the user terminal, the following strategy is adopted: according to the indoor temperature and humidity conditions, the cloud intelligent management and control system controls the intelligent temperature controller to adjust the indoor climate environment; the intelligent temperature controller collects loads of user side equipment such as a combined air conditioner box, a fresh air unit and a fan coil and uploads the loads to the cloud intelligent management and control system.
For outdoor temperature, humidity and barometric pressure values, the following strategies are adopted: according to outdoor temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure, comparing an expert rule base and a data model in the cloud intelligent management and control system, calculating a difference value and a temperature change rate of temperature and humidity change of a reference temperature and humidity in the same period, and selecting a proper object model data set by combining a current atmospheric pressure value.
For the host device, the following policy is adopted: acquiring the output cold or heat value, the voltage current value and the output flow of the host equipment, comparing an expert rule base and a data model in a cloud intelligent management and control system according to the load demand of a user terminal, and selecting the COP value which is optimally matched in the rule base to obtain the optimal energy-saving output cold or heat value and the unit matching mode; and acquiring a COP value of the host equipment, comparing the COP value with the COP value of the data model, and if the deviation is larger, performing secondary correction.
Corresponding to water pump equipment, the following strategies are adopted: acquiring the rotating speed and the voltage current value of the water pump, comparing an expert rule base and a data model in a cloud intelligent control system according to the load requirement of a user terminal, and selecting the best matching flow and lift scheme in the rule base to obtain the best water pump combination and operation mode during energy-saving output; and acquiring power and flow values of the water pump equipment, comparing the power and flow values with the energy consumption of the data model, and if the deviation is larger, performing secondary correction.
Corresponding to pipeline equipment, the following strategies are adopted: the system comprises a cloud intelligent management and control system, a pipeline pressure, a pipeline temperature and a pipeline flow value are collected, a valve opening value is collected, the values are uploaded to the cloud intelligent management and control system, and the cloud intelligent management and control system is used as the basis and foundation for decision making. Meanwhile, the devices such as the actuator and the like can be utilized, and the devices such as the valve and the like are adjusted according to the calculation result of the cloud intelligent management and control system.
Taking host equipment as an example, as shown in figure 1, a plurality of host equipment are selected, wherein equipment A is 100KW cold energy, equipment B is 100KW cold energy, equipment C is 300KW cold energy, and equipment D is 500KW cold energy. The load of the whole system is 1000KW cold.
In order to improve the overall COP value of a system and avoid a high energy consumption state caused by the fact that equipment is started according to an output load sequence and enters a low COP value area, the working condition of the equipment is integrally planned, a COP characteristic curve of the system is drawn through a COP characteristic curve of the equipment, and the following conclusion is obtained through calculation and actual measurement:
each device or device group has a specific COP characteristic curve, and according to the characteristic curve, it can be observed that the energy efficiency ratio of the device or device group is not constant, and according to the convenience of the load, regions with higher energy efficiency or lower energy efficiency exist. In order to achieve the energy saving effect, the equipment or the equipment group should work in the area range with higher energy efficiency as much as possible.
Similarly, according to the COP characteristic curves, the energy efficiency ratios of different devices or device groups are different at the same load. In order to achieve the energy-saving effect, on the premise of meeting the load, the equipment or the equipment group with the highest energy efficiency ratio on the premise of meeting the load should be selected as much as possible.
For the air conditioner host, the load factor is closely related to the COP value. When the load factor of the unit is 50% -90%, the refrigerating capacity and the input power value of the unit are in the maximum range value, namely the COP value of the unit is maximum in the load factor range.
The overall operation of the system corresponding to the 1000KW cold in fig. 1 can be divided into a plurality of start-up processes. According to the magnitude of the output cold quantity of the air conditioner main unit, the name of the started equipment can be divided into A → A + B → C → B + C → A + B + C → A + D → A + B + D → C + D → B + C + D → A + B + C + D from small to large according to the cold quantity, and the magnitude of the cold quantity capable of being output at full load is correspondingly 100KW → 200KW → 300KW → 400KW → 500KW → 600KW → 700KW → 800KW → 900KW → 1000 KW. When the former group of devices is operated to 100%, the COP value of the former group of devices is below 7.5 by switching to the latter group of devices, so switching devices at full load is not the best way to save energy.
According to the intersection point of COP characteristic curves of all air-conditioning main unit units in the figure 1, a starting rule is planned again: keeping the starting sequence of the equipment unchanged, and changing the starting node into the load at the intersection point of COP characteristic curves of the two units.
The first start-up range: the output cold energy range is 0-90KW, and the unit A is started in the range; according to the characteristics of the unit A, the COP value of the equipment is more than or equal to 8 within the range of 50-90KW, the COP value is within the optimal working range of the equipment, and the other ranges are all less than the COP value. After the equipment is started, the possibility that the cold output range is less than 50KW is low, so the equipment is always in a state of high energy-saving level.
The second starting range: the output cold quantity range is 90-160KW, and the unit A + B is started in the range; according to the characteristics of the unit A + B, the COP value of the equipment is more than or equal to 7.6 within the range of 90-100KW, and the COP value of the equipment is more than or equal to 8 within the range of 100-160KW and is also within the range of higher COP value.
The third start-up range: the output cold capacity range is 160-250KW, and the unit C is started in the range; according to the characteristics of the unit C, in the range of 160-250KW, the COP value of the equipment is more than or equal to 8.4 and is also in the range of higher COP value.
The fourth start range: the output cold capacity range is 250-330KW, and the unit B + C is started in the range; according to the characteristics of the unit B + C, the COP value of the equipment is more than or equal to 8.5 in the range of 250-KW and is also in the range of higher COP value.
The fifth start range: the output cold capacity range is 330-400KW, and the unit A + B + C is started in the range; according to the characteristics of the unit A + B + C, the COP value of the equipment is more than or equal to 8.5 within the range of 330-400KW and is also within the range with higher COP value.
The sixth start range: the output cold capacity range is 400-increased 530KW, and the unit A + B + D is started in the range; according to the characteristics of the unit A + B + D, the COP value of the equipment is more than or equal to 8.5 within the range of 400-plus 530KW and is also within the range with higher COP value.
The seventh start range: the output cold capacity range is 530 + 590KW, and the unit B + C + D is started in the range; according to the characteristics of the unit B + C + D, in the range of 530-590KW, the COP value of the equipment is more than or equal to 8.8 and is also in the range with a higher COP value.
The eighth start range: the output cold capacity range is 590-1000KW, and the unit A + B + C + D is started in the range; according to the characteristics of the unit A + B + C + D, the COP value of the equipment is more than or equal to 8.5 within 800KW range of 590-. Because the central air-conditioning system leaves the allowance load and the redundant load during the design, the condition that the load state exceeds 90 percent does not occur during the operation, and the unit is in the range with higher COP value all the time.
Through the adjustment, on the COP waveband curve, all the air conditioning equipment main machines are always in the load interval with a higher COP value, so that the air conditioning equipment unit cannot stay in the low COP interval with a lower load or a higher load for a long time, and the work of the air conditioning equipment main machines is in the energy-saving and consumption-reducing state from the operation process of the whole system.
In the range from the first starting range to the eighth starting range, when the air conditioning unit stays at the range intersection point and fluctuates, the unit delay switching time can be set near the boundary of the starting range, so that the damage to the air conditioning unit equipment caused by frequent starting, stopping and switching when the load boundary fluctuates is avoided.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a central air conditioning control method based on COP band theory, which is applied to a central air conditioning system based on COP band theory according to any one of the above embodiments, with reference to fig. 2, the control method includes the following steps:
establishing an expert rule base and a data model of the air conditioning system object in a cloud intelligent management system according to local meteorological features and the overall equipment condition of the project;
the local end device is used for acquiring indoor temperature, humidity and load values, acquiring outdoor temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure, acquiring working states of equipment such as an air conditioner host and a water pump, sending the data to the cloud intelligent management and control system through the Internet of things and the Internet, and receiving feedback regulation execution signals of the cloud intelligent management and control system through the Internet of things and the Internet to control the equipment such as a fan coil, a fresh air machine, the air conditioner host, the water pump and a valve;
the cloud intelligent management and control system analyzes the collected equipment operation data, energy consumption data and meteorological data, and performs overall optimization control according to the analysis result by combining the established expert rule base and the established data model to obtain the optimal COP value and energy consumption output condition under the corresponding conditions, and transmits the optimal COP value and energy consumption output condition to the terminal local device through the Internet of things and the Internet;
cloud end wisdom management and control system exports whole optimization result through thing networking and internet extremely local end device to adjust through local end device the air conditioner host computer makes central air conditioning unit equipment supporting water pump, valve and air conditioner host computer equipment carry out power output automatic matching according to the parameter model, makes the consumption of air conditioner host computer and water pump minimum under the guarantee power output prerequisite. Gather the parameter of water pump, valve and air conditioner host computer equipment output at this moment to compare with the model in the high in the clouds wisdom management and control system, adjust the deviation at this moment and go on further correcting. The dynamic circulation is adopted, so that the optimal energy-saving state of the system is achieved, namely the aim of maximizing the COP value of the system is achieved.
Claims (8)
1. A central air conditioning system based on COP band theory is characterized in that the system comprises: the system comprises a central air conditioning unit device, a local terminal acquisition device, a network transmission system and a cloud intelligent management and control system.
2. The central air-conditioning system based on COP band theory of claim 1, characterized in that: the cloud intelligent management and control system comprises a central air-conditioning control system and a central air-conditioning management system, and is used for analyzing and processing the operation data and the energy consumption data collected by the local terminal device, and sending the processed result to the local terminal device for controlling the central air-conditioning unit equipment; the cloud intelligent management and control system is deployed on the cloud server and is an application service applied to the cloud server.
3. The central air-conditioning system based on COP band theory of claim 1, characterized in that: the central air-conditioning unit equipment comprises a host machine, a water pump, a cooling tower and the like.
4. The central air-conditioning system based on the COP band theory as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the host is a cold and heat source unit with a communication control function in the central air conditioning system, transmits parameters to the cloud intelligent control system through a real-time communication function, and can receive signal control of a local terminal device; the water pump comprises a variable-frequency water pump and a fixed-frequency water pump and is applied to a cooling water loop, a chilled water loop and other water loops; the cooling tower adopts a variable frequency motor and is controlled by an output signal in a cooling tower frequency converter in the unit equipment; control signals for the water pump and cooling tower are sourced from the local end-point.
5. The central air-conditioning system based on COP band theory of claim 1, characterized in that: the local end device comprises an intelligent temperature controller, a data acquisition unit, a data sensor, an actuator and the like; the local end device collects local signals and transmits the local signals to the cloud intelligent control system, and meanwhile, the local end device receives signals of the cloud intelligent control system to control the local equipment.
6. The central air-conditioning system based on the COP band theory as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the intelligent temperature controller has the functions of a common temperature controller, can also collect the energy consumption states of the current equipment such as a fan coil and a fresh air fan, transmits the energy consumption states to the cloud intelligent management and control system, and can send control signals of the cloud intelligent management and control system to the equipment such as the fan coil and the fresh air fan; the data acquisition unit is used for collecting data of equipment such as central air conditioner host equipment, a PLC module, a DDC module and the like and communicating the equipment with the cloud intelligent management and control system; the data sensor is used for acquiring temperature, pressure, flow and other parameter values of equipment and the environment, converting the physical signals into electric signals, and transmitting the electric signals to the cloud intelligent management and control system after the equipment conversion; the executor receives the data command from the cloud intelligent management and control system, executes the data command, and is used for realizing the functions of equipment opening and closing, valve action, temperature regulation, humidity regulation and the like.
7. The central air-conditioning system based on the COP band theory as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the network transmission system comprises an Internet of things and an Internet transmission system; the transmission mode of the communication of the intelligent temperature controller, the data collector, the data sensor, the actuator and other equipment can be one or more of the Internet of things modes such as a wired RJ45 mode, a wired serial port mode, a wireless LoRa mode, a wireless WIFI mode, a wireless Zigbee mode, a wireless 4G/5G mode and the like;
after the equipment data are collected through the Internet of things, the equipment data are transmitted to the cloud intelligent management and control system through Internet equipment and channels to be analyzed and calculated, and original paths are used for issuing control instructions.
8. A central air-conditioning control method based on COP band theory, characterized in that, applied to a central air-conditioning system based on COP band theory according to any one of claims 1-6, the control method comprises:
establishing a parameter model of the air conditioning system object according to the local meteorological features and the overall equipment condition of the project;
the local terminal device is respectively used for acquiring operation data and energy consumption data of equipment such as a fan coil pipe at the side of a user, a fresh air unit and the like, simultaneously acquiring parameters such as temperature, humidity, air pressure and the like of the environment and network meteorological big data, and sending the data to the cloud intelligent management and control system;
the cloud intelligent management and control system analyzes the operation data, the energy consumption data and the meteorological data of the central air-conditioning equipment, and performs overall optimization control according to the analysis result by combining the established parameter model to obtain the optimal COP value and the energy consumption output condition under the corresponding conditions;
the cloud intelligent management and control system outputs the whole optimization result to the local end device, adjusts the central air conditioning unit equipment through the local end device, enables the water pump in the central air conditioning unit equipment and the host equipment to automatically match power output according to a parameter model, and enables the power consumption of the host and the water pump to be minimum on the premise of ensuring the power output, so that the optimal energy-saving state of the system is achieved, and the purpose of maximizing the COP value of the system is achieved.
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| CN114909781A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-08-16 | 浙江鑫帆暖通智控股份有限公司 | Building equipment intelligent group control system based on windows |
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