CN114278922A - Automatic control method for intelligent fuzzy swing combustor of tower furnace - Google Patents
Automatic control method for intelligent fuzzy swing combustor of tower furnace Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to an automatic control method for an intelligent fuzzy swing combustor of a tower furnace, and belongs to the technical field of temperature control of reheaters of tower furnaces. The method comprises a tower furnace reheating steam temperature change model and a swinging burner fuzzy control loop; the reheating steam temperature change model of the tower furnace is obtained by modeling test data of boiler load, the number of the putting-in and withdrawing layers of a powder making system and the flame center position; the invention relates to an automatic adjusting system of a swing burner, which comprises a main control loop consisting of a PID controller with fuzzy control, wherein input signals of the control loop are average steam temperature of each tube of a reheater, output signals of the control loop are burner swing angle instructions, feedforward input signals of the fuzzy control loop are total reheater desuperheating water amount, boiler load instructions and flame center height coefficients.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automatic control method for an intelligent fuzzy swing combustor of a tower furnace, and belongs to the technical field of temperature control of reheaters of tower furnaces.
Background
At present, a tower boiler of a large-scale thermal power plant generally adopts a swinging burner as a main adjusting means of the temperature of reheated steam, and desuperheating water as an auxiliary adjusting means. However, in the operation practice of a thermal power plant, the swing amplitude of a burner is generally manually controlled, and when the swing amplitude is manually controlled, the load of a boiler is continuously changed, so that an operator cannot respond in real time, and the fluctuation of the main steam temperature and the secondary steam temperature is easily caused; when the swinging burner is put into automatic control and the load is constantly changed, the disordered frequent adjustment of the swinging burner is very easy to cause, and the stability of other parameters of the unit and the safety of a mechanical mechanism of the swinging burner are influenced. Therefore, it is very important to develop a control method which can quickly respond to the reheated steam temperature and avoid frequent adjustment of the swing combustor.
In view of the above-mentioned defects, the present invention aims to create an automatic control method for an intelligent fuzzy oscillating burner of a tower furnace, so that the automatic control method has industrial utilization value.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide an automatic control method for the temperature of reheated steam under a tower furnace swinging burner.
The invention discloses an automatic control method of an intelligent fuzzy swinging burner of a tower furnace, which comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a reheat steam temperature control equation:
from the governing equation: total heat in the furnace; distributing heat in the hearth on each heating surface; the input amount of desuperheating water at each stage of the reheater is a main factor influencing the temperature of reheated steam.
Therefore, the conditions influencing the temperature of the reheated steam in the operation of the boiler are summarized:
boiler load impact: more heating surfaces of the reheater system of the supercritical unit are arranged in the tail flue, the radiation heat exchange proportion is small, and more heating surfaces of the reheater system of the supercritical unit are in convection type steam temperature characteristics, namely, the reheated steam temperature is increased (reduced) along with the increase (reduction) of the load.
Influence of the center position of the flame in the furnace: when the flame center rises, the temperature of the smoke at the outlet of the hearth rises, the heat absorption share of the reheater increases, and the steam temperature also rises along with the increase of the heat absorption share of the reheater.
Influence of powder process system on shutdown: the different modes of the pulverizing system can also influence the position of the flame center, resulting in the change of the reheated steam temperature.
S2, aiming at part of typical combustion conditions, carrying out a characteristic test of combustor swing, and detecting the change of related parameters, thereby determining the control range of the swing angle of the swing combustor under the normal operation load of the unit;
s3, a frame swinging burner swinging angle automatic adjusting control system:
s31, automatically adjusting and controlling the main loop of the swing angle of the framework swing burner:
the average steam temperature of each tube of the reheater is used as a regulating quantity, the regulating quantity is compared with a set value of the reheated steam temperature and then sent to a PID regulator, the control quantity of the swing angle of the burner is obtained, and after passing through an output control module with gears, the control quantity is output and operated by a manual automatic controller.
S32, introducing total amount of reheater desuperheating water to correct temperature set value of reheater
For the adjustment of the reheated steam temperature, the swing angle of the swinging burner is a main adjustment, the reheater desuperheating water is an auxiliary adjustment, when the desuperheating water amount of the reheater is large, the frequent adjustment of the swing angle of the burner is not suitable, and the superimposed amount of the swing angle of the burner on the steam temperature adjustment needs to be reduced, so that the total amount of the desuperheating water of the reheater is introduced to correct the set value of the reheated steam temperature, and the superimposed effect of the swing angle of the burner is avoided.
S33, introducing a load command as a feed-forward signal 1 for automatically adjusting the swing angle of the swing burner
According to the influence factors of the load on the temperature change of the reheated steam, a load command is introduced to serve as a feed-forward signal for automatically adjusting the swing angle of the swinging burner, the swing angle of the burner is reduced under the condition that the load is increased, and the swing angle of the burner is increased under the condition that the load is reduced.
S34, introducing a flame center height coefficient representing the operation mode of the coal mill as a feed-forward signal 2 for automatically adjusting the swing angle of the swing combustor
The operation mode of the tower furnace multilayer coal mill layering can affect the position of a flame center of a boiler, a lower layer coal mill is stopped, the flame center can move upwards, an upper layer coal mill is stopped, the flame center can move downwards, according to the influence of each mill stop operation on the flame center position, a flame center height coefficient is introduced to serve as a feed-forward signal 2 for automatically adjusting the swing angle of the swing combustor, and the feed-forward signal directly acts on the swing angle of the combustor.
S35 output control module for automatic adjustment of output gear position of swing angle of swing burner
The swing angle of the burner is not suitable for frequent adjustment, so that an output control module for automatically adjusting the output sub-gear of the swing angle of the swing burner is introduced, and when the output instruction of the swing angle of the burner reaches a certain cumulant, an action instruction is output through the output control module for sub-gear to control the action of the controller.
By the scheme, the invention at least has the following advantages:
the reheating steam temperature change model of the tower furnace is obtained by modeling test data of boiler load, the number of the putting-in and withdrawing layers of a powder making system and the flame center position; the invention relates to an automatic adjusting system of a swing burner, which comprises a main control loop consisting of a PID controller with fuzzy control, wherein input signals of the control loop are average steam temperature of each tube of a reheater, output signals of the control loop are burner swing angle instructions, feedforward input signals of the fuzzy control loop are total reheater desuperheating water amount, boiler load instructions and flame center height coefficients.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate a certain embodiment of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a pulverized coal burner;
FIG. 2 is a face up view of the pulverized coal burner;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a pulverized coal burner;
FIG. 4 is a SAMA diagram of combustor tilt command logic.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in this embodiment, a tower furnace modified from a low-nitrogen burner with 1000MW of a power plant is taken as an example to explain an automatic control method of an intelligent fuzzy swinging burner of the tower furnace.
The burner windboxes were divided into 5 independent groups, the top 2 groups of windboxes were SOFA windboxes, actually located in the upper burnout zone;
the burner air box is provided with 3 groups of burner groups below, the burner groups are actually positioned in a lower layer main combustion area, the height of each group of burner layer is 6450mm, a layer of compact overfire air (CCOFA for short) is arranged at the top of the main burner air box, and the distance between the CCOFA at the top of the burner and the SOFA central line is 8386 mm.
The boiler is provided with 6 medium-speed coal mills, each coal mill correspondingly provides pulverized coal required by 2 layers of pulverized coal nozzles, and the pulverized coal is F, E, D, C, B, A mills from top to bottom respectively. 4 pulverized coal pipelines at the outlet of the coal mill are divided into 8 pulverized coal pipelines through a distributor of 1 to 2 in front of the burner and enter 2 layers of pulverized coal nozzles of burners at 4 corners; forming 12 layers of pulverized coal nozzles which are respectively sent to 3 groups of burner groups.
Its major components, from top to bottom do respectively:
upper burnout zone: the top layer is high separation burnout air which is SOFA IX, SOFA VIII and SOFA VII from top to bottom; the boiler is arranged according to 4 angles of the boiler, each wind box is provided with a swing actuator, 6 layers of separated over-fire air are arranged below the wind boxes and are respectively SOFA VI, SOFA V, SOFA IV, SOFA III, SOFA II and SOFA I from top to bottom, and the swing actuators are also arranged according to 4 angles of the boiler and are arranged at each angle.
A middle-layer combustion area: 2 layers of compact over-fire air which are respectively CCOFAII and CCOFAII
Lower main combustion zone: 3 groups of burner swinging actuators are arranged at 4 angles of the boiler.
E. F-layer combustor shares one swinging combustor actuating mechanism
C. D-layer combustor shares one swinging combustor actuating mechanism
A. B-layer combustor shares one swinging combustor actuating mechanism
The reheating steam temperature is accurately controlled by an automatic control method of the tower furnace intelligent fuzzy swinging burner. The detailed steps are as follows:
s1, establishing a tower furnace reheat steam temperature control equation:
qzr: equivalent to 1kg of coal, the heat of the flue gas transferred to the reheater;
d, reheater flow coefficient;
Δhzr: total enthalpy rise of the reheater system;
and Qs: the total heat of the flue gas transferred to the water cooling wall and the economizer;
r1: heat of vaporization;
S2, aiming at part of typical combustion conditions, carrying out a characteristic test of combustor swing, and detecting the change of related parameters, thereby determining the control range of the swing angle of the swing combustor under the normal operation load of the unit;
s21, typical working condition combustion adjustment test:
the test data are as follows:
it can be seen that the swing angle of the burner is changed at 14:00, the temperature of the reheat steam after 30S begins to rise, and the temperature of the reheat steam after 500S tends to be stable.
S22, determining control logic idea
According to the test and the S1 reheat steam temperature change control equation, a reheat steam temperature logic control idea is determined, the steam temperature is used as an adjusted quantity, the swing angle of a burner is used as an adjusting means, and the desuperheating water and the operation mode of a coal mill are used as an advanced adjusting means.
S3, constructing an automatic adjusting control system for combustion:
s31, automatically adjusting and controlling the main loop of the swing angle of the framework swing burner:
and comparing the average steam temperature of each pipe of the reheater with a set value of the reheated steam temperature, and sending the result to a PID (proportion integration differentiation) regulator to obtain a control quantity of the swing angle of the combustor.
S311, the set value and the regulated quantity of the reheat steam temperature
Setting value: the rated parameter requirement of the boiler plant on the temperature of the reheated steam is 603 ℃ (-5), so the temperature set value of the reheater of the control system is 603 ℃; the set value can be changed according to the change of the operation condition by changing the bias; the upper and lower limits of the bias output are: -30, + 10; the offset value does not automatically back track the "adjusted amount".
The regulated quantity is as follows: and (4) average value of outlet steam temperature of the reheater # 1-4 pipe.
S312, setting PID regulator parameters:
A. the adjustment dead band is set to: when the deviation between the set value and the design value is less than 1.2 ℃, the automatic adjustment is not carried out;
B. the upper and lower output limits are: -50, + 40;
C. the proportionality coefficient is: 0.6; integration time: 300.
s32, introducing total amount of reheater desuperheating water to correct temperature set value of reheater
The reheater desuperheating water can reduce the heat efficiency of the unit, and under the working condition of large desuperheating water amount, although the reheat steam temperature is low at the moment, the swing angle of the combustor cannot be raised, the reheat steam temperature is controlled by adjusting the desuperheating water preferentially, and therefore the total amount of the reheater desuperheating water is introduced to correct the temperature set value of the reheater.
The set value of the reheated steam temperature is added to F (x) (reheater desuperheating water total amount correction function), LEADLAG (180 seconds) is added at the same time to avoid the influence of desuperheating water amount fluctuation, and the specific function relation is as follows:
s33, feedforward of the framework intelligent fuzzy swing combustor automatic control method:
according to the conclusion of the S1 reheater steam temperature model, the boiler load and the coal pulverizer operation mode directly influence the reheated steam temperature and the position of the flame center, therefore, two feed-forward methods are designed:
s331, introducing a load instruction as feed-forward 1 for automatic adjustment of swing angle of swing burner
The load command is used as a feed forward, but two leader lag delay controls are set considering that the load command is frequently changed under the working condition of the unit AGC, and the delay time is 20 seconds. The functional relationship is as follows: (output upper/lower limits of 0, 120):
| load MW | 0 | 450 | 1050 |
| Output of | 100 | 90 | 40 |
S332, introducing a flame center height coefficient representing the operation mode of the coal mill as a feed-forward signal 2 for automatically adjusting the swing angle of the swing combustor
According to the influence of the operation mode of the coal mill on the flame center, the weight of the operation of each layer of mill on the height of the flame center is simulated, and a height coefficient is fitted to be used as a feedforward 2
Height factor (coal a 0.65+ coal B0.79 + coal C0.93 + coal D1.07 + coal E1.21 + coal F1.35)/(total coal amount)
Feed forward 2 ═ (height factor-1) × 100, and lagdlag delay 30 (or 60-80 seconds).
The upper and lower limits of this feed forward are ± 20.
S34 output control module for automatic adjustment of output gear position of swing angle of swing burner
In order to avoid frequent adjustment of the swinging burner, the normal adjustment requirement of the reheated steam temperature can be met. And an output control module for automatically adjusting the output gears of the swinging burner is introduced.
When the swing burner is put into operation automatically, the output value of the 'output control module for gear division' is compared with the output value of the 'manual automatic controller', if the deviation is more than 4%, the output value of the 'manual automatic controller' is output; if the deviation is less than 4%, the output value of the output control module of the gear shifting position is kept unchanged.
When the swinging burner is not automatic, the output value of the manual automatic controller is directly output.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic control method of an intelligent fuzzy swinging burner of a tower furnace is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
s1, establishing a tower furnace reheat steam temperature control equation:
wherein:
qzr: equivalent to 1kg of coal, the heat of the flue gas transferred to the reheater;
d, reheater flow coefficient;
Δhzr: total enthalpy rise of the reheater system;
and Qs: the total heat of the flue gas transferred to the water cooling wall and the economizer;
r1: heat of vaporization;
s2, aiming at part of typical combustion conditions, carrying out a characteristic test of combustor swing, and detecting the change of related parameters, thereby determining the control range of the swing angle of the swing combustor under the normal operation load of the unit;
and S3, constructing an automatic adjusting control system for combustion.
2. The automatic control method of the intelligent fuzzy oscillating burner of the tower furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific determination step of S2 is:
s21, typical working condition combustion adjustment test:
s22, determining a control logic idea:
from the control equations of the reheat steam temperature of S21, S22 and S1, a logic idea of adjusting the reheat steam temperature through the swing angle of the burner can be obtained.
3. The automatic control method of the intelligent fuzzy oscillating burner of the tower furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific method of the S3 framework combustion automatic adjustment control system comprises the following steps:
s31, automatically adjusting and controlling the main loop of the swing angle of the framework swing burner:
taking the average steam temperature of each pipe of the reheater as a regulating quantity, comparing the regulating quantity with a set value of the reheated steam temperature, and sending the regulating quantity to a PID regulator to obtain a control quantity of a swing angle of the combustor;
s32, introducing total amount of reheater desuperheating water to correct temperature set value of reheater
The reheater desuperheating water can reduce the heat efficiency of the unit, and under the working condition of large desuperheating water quantity, although the reheated steam temperature is low at the moment, the swing angle of the combustor cannot be raised, the reheated steam temperature needs to be controlled by adjusting the desuperheating water preferentially, so the total quantity of the reheater desuperheating water is introduced to correct the temperature set value of the reheater;
s33, feedforward of the framework intelligent fuzzy swing combustor automatic control method:
according to the conclusion of an S1 reheater steam temperature model, boiler load and a coal mill operation mode directly influence the reheated steam temperature and the position of a flame center, and two feedforward are designed;
s34, an output control module for automatically adjusting the output gear of the swing angle of the swing burner is introduced;
in order to avoid frequent adjustment of the swinging burner, the normal adjustment requirement of the reheated steam temperature can be met; and an output control module for automatically adjusting the output gears of the swinging burner is introduced.
4. The automatic control method of the intelligent fuzzy oscillating burner of the tower furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: the set value and the regulated quantity of the reheated steam temperature are as follows:
setting value: the rated parameter requirement of the boiler plant on the temperature of the reheated steam is 603 ℃ (-5), so the temperature set value of the reheater of the control system is 603 ℃; the set value can be changed according to the change of the operation condition by changing the bias; the upper and lower limits of the bias output are: -30, + 10; the offset value does not automatically back track the "amount tuned";
the regulated quantity is as follows: and (4) average value of outlet steam temperature of the reheater # 1-4 pipe.
5. The automatic control method of the intelligent fuzzy oscillating burner of the tower furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: the PID regulator parameters are set as follows:
A. the adjustment dead band is set to: when the deviation between the set value and the design value is less than 1.2 ℃, the automatic adjustment is not carried out;
B. the upper and lower output limits are: -50, + 40;
C. the proportionality coefficient is: 0.6; integration time: 300.
6. the automatic control method of the intelligent fuzzy oscillating burner of the tower furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: the reheat steam temperature set point is added to the reheater desuperheated water total correction function f (x), while LEADLAG (180 seconds) is added to avoid the influence of desuperheated water volume fluctuation.
7. The automatic control method of the intelligent fuzzy oscillating burner of the tower furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the feedforward of the automatic control method of the intelligent fuzzy swinging combustor of the framework, two feedforward are designed, which are respectively as follows:
(1) introducing a load instruction as a feedforward 1 for automatically adjusting the swing angle of the swing combustor;
the load instruction is used as feedforward, but two LEADLAG delay controls are set considering that the load instruction can be frequently changed under the AGC working condition of the unit, and the delay time is 20 seconds;
(2) introducing a flame center height coefficient representing the operation mode of the coal mill as a feed-forward signal 2 for automatically adjusting the swing angle of the swing combustor;
according to the influence of the operation mode of the coal mill on the flame center, the weight of the operation of each layer of mill on the height of the flame center is simulated, and a height coefficient is fitted to be used as a feedforward 2.
8. The automatic control method of the intelligent fuzzy oscillating burner of the tower furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: the fitted height coefficient (coal a 0.65+ coal B0.79 + coal C0.93 + coal D1.07 + coal E1.21 + coal F1.35)/(total coal amount).
9. The automatic control method of the intelligent fuzzy oscillating burner of the tower furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: the feedforward 2 ═ (height coefficient-1) × 100, and the delay time is 30 seconds after LEADLAG;
the upper and lower limits of this feed forward are ± 20.
10. The automatic control method of the intelligent fuzzy oscillating burner of the tower furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: when the swing burner is put into operation automatically, the output value of the 'output control module for gear division' is compared with the output value of the 'manual automatic controller', and if the deviation is more than 4%, the output value of the 'manual automatic controller' is output; if the deviation is less than 4%, keeping the output value of the 'output control module for the gear division' unchanged;
when the swinging burner is not operated automatically, the output value of the manual automatic controller is directly output.
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