CN114277324A - Heat treatment method of ZL101A aluminum alloy for resisting marine environment corrosion - Google Patents
Heat treatment method of ZL101A aluminum alloy for resisting marine environment corrosion Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat treatment method of ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance, which comprises the following steps: solution treatment, quenching, aging treatment and air cooling, wherein the delay time between each step is 1-5 s. Preferably, the solution treatment temperature is 530 ℃ to 545 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 11 to 13 hours in the environment of the tube furnace continuously introducing Ar gas. Preferably, the selected quenching medium is room temperature water, and the quenching time is 8-10 s. Preferably, the aging treatment temperature is 170-190 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 6-8h in the environment of a tube furnace continuously filled with Ar gas. Preferably, the aluminum alloy after aging treatment is placed in a room, and the sample can be directly used after being air-cooled to 20-25 ℃. The invention provides a heat treatment method of a ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance, which is used directly without cold working after treatment, and finally obtains the ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy heat treatment, in particular to a heat treatment method of ZL101A aluminum alloy for resisting marine environment corrosion.
Background
The ZL101A aluminum alloy serving as the Al-Si-Mg series cast aluminum alloy can improve the structure and element distribution and improve the strength, impact resistance, hardness and elongation through different heat treatment processes, particularly the traditional T6 heat treatment standard process, so that the ZL101A aluminum alloy is widely applied to aerospace, automobile hubs and other components. The ZL101A aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 6.5 to 7.5 percent of Si, 0.25 to 0.45 percent of Mg, 0.08 to 0.20 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Fe, and the balance of Al and a small amount of impurities. With the gradual development of marine resources, the ZL101A aluminum alloy with excellent performance is also gradually applied to shipbuilding and other port facilities. However, the ZL101A aluminum alloy faces a serious corrosion threat in marine environments and is difficult to resist against corrosive ions, particularly Cl, in marine environments for a long time even by virtue of a surface-generated passive film-The destruction of (1). Therefore, in consideration of improving the mechanical property of the ZL101A aluminum alloy, the development of the heat treatment process technology for resisting marine environment corrosion of the ZL101A aluminum alloy is also particularly critical.
Due to the addition of alloy elements, Si and Mg as main elements form a strengthening phase Mg in an aluminum alloy matrix ZL101A2And (3) Si particles. This strengthening phase acts as a cathode during corrosion, initiating preferential corrosion of the surrounding substrate, and thus promoting pitting behavior in ZL101A aluminum alloys. At the same time, Cl in marine service environment-Has obvious promotion effect on the pitting behavior of the material, even causes the serious corrosion failure accident of ZL101A aluminum alloyAnd significant economic losses are generated. Therefore, in order to uniformly distribute Si and Mg in the ZL101A aluminum alloy matrix and further improve the marine environment corrosion resistance of the ZL101A aluminum alloy, parameters under different procedures in the T6 heat treatment process need to be further improved, and a simple and convenient ZL101A aluminum alloy heat treatment process is provided, so that the problem of shortage of the heat treatment process of the ZL101A aluminum alloy is solved.
Therefore, the prior art needs to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat treatment method of ZL101A aluminum alloy for resisting marine environment corrosion, aiming at overcoming the defects in the prior art. The invention provides a heat treatment method of a ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance, which is used directly without cold working after treatment, and finally obtains the ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a heat treatment method of ZL101A aluminum alloy for resisting marine environment corrosion comprises the following steps: solution treatment, quenching, aging treatment and air cooling, wherein the delay time between each step is 1-5 s. Preferably, the delay time between each step is controlled to be 2-5 s. More preferably, the delay time between each step is controlled to be 5 s.
The invention is realized by four continuous technical steps, and the delay time between each step is controlled to be 1-5s, so as to ensure that the environmental influence degree of each step is minimum and the overall effect of the four continuous steps is ensured. The effect of the four successive steps consists in: the solution treatment is to fully homogenize the distribution of Si and Mg in the ZL101A aluminum alloy at a higher temperature and for a longer time, so that Mg and Si precipitated phases are dissolved in an Al matrix at the solution temperature, and the element distribution in the ZL101A aluminum alloy is uniform, thereby improving the mechanical property and the corrosion resistance of the material; quenching is carried out after solution treatment, and a quenching medium and time are the keys for obtaining a proper size strengthening precipitated phase and good mechanical properties; the quenching enables Mg and Si precipitated phases to be precipitated, and plays a role in precipitation strengthening, so that the mechanical property of the material is improved; the aging treatment is to adopt higher aging temperature and longer heat preservation time to improve the strength and the hardness of the material after quenching, change the size of a precipitated phase and further enhance the corrosion resistance of the material; the aging precipitation strengthening principle is that solute atoms are desolventized in a supersaturated matrix of the solute atoms, the formed precipitation phase is coherent with the matrix, and the mismatching degree between grain boundaries can be reduced by proper heat preservation time and temperature, so that smaller strain energy is formed between the precipitation phase and the matrix; the air cooling function is to ensure the original workpiece size of ZL101A aluminum alloy. The heat treatment of ZL101A aluminum alloy was carried out in a combination of four successive steps of specific parameters, with the parameters in each step being mutually influenced.
In the heat treatment method of the ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance, the material is cleaned by alcohol and dried by cold air before solution treatment, so that impurities are prevented from being mixed in the heat treatment process. In the step of solution treatment, the temperature of solution treatment is 530-545 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 11-13h in a tubular furnace continuously filled with Ar gas. When air is supplied, the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.2-0.5Mpa, and the air supply amount is set to be 20-40 mL/min. Then, the alloy is uniformly distributed and is not overheated ZL101A aluminum alloy. Preferably, in the solution treatment step, the solution treatment temperature is 531-535 ℃, the aluminum alloy is kept for 11-12h in a tubular furnace continuously filled with Ar gas, the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.3-0.4Mpa, and the gas supply amount is set to be 25-30 mL/min. More preferably, in the solution treatment step, the solution treatment temperature is 531 ℃, the aluminum alloy is kept warm for 11 hours in a tubular furnace continuously filled with Ar gas, the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.4Mpa, and the gas supply amount is set to be 30 mL/min.
In the heat treatment method of the ZL101A aluminum alloy for resisting marine environment corrosion, in the quenching step, the quenching medium is room-temperature water at the temperature of 20-25 ℃, and the whole sample is immersed in the water. The quenching time is 8-10 s. The quenching speed with the quenching time less than 8s can cause that the aluminum alloy can not be fully quenched, and the quenching stress can not be eliminated, thereby causing the hardness to be too high. The quenching speed of the quenching time more than 10s can cause the crystal grains of the aluminum alloy to grow rapidly, the strength is reduced, and the mechanical property requirement cannot be met. The water quenching medium at room temperature is more environment-friendly than the organic quenching medium. In addition, the ZL101A aluminum alloy original workpiece obtained in the quenching time range has no deformation and cracking after quenching. Preferably, in the quenching step, the selected quenching medium is water, the water temperature is set to be 20-25 ℃, and the quenching time is 8-9 s. More preferably, in the quenching step, the selected quenching medium is water, the water temperature is set to be 25 ℃, and the quenching time is 8 s.
In the heat treatment method of the ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance, in the aging treatment step, the aging treatment temperature is 170-190 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 6-8h in a tubular furnace continuously filled with Ar gas. When air is supplied, the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.2-0.5Mpa, and the air supply amount is set to be 20-40 mL/min. 170-190 ℃ lower aging temperature and 6-8h shorter heat preservation time can obtain samples with smaller precipitated phase size, thereby ensuring that the size of ZL101A aluminum alloy is basically unchanged under the condition of meeting the mechanical property. Preferably, in the aging treatment step, the aging treatment temperature is 170-190 ℃, the aluminum alloy is kept for 6-7h in a tubular furnace continuously filled with Ar gas, the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.3-0.4Mpa, and the gas supply amount is set to be 25-30 mL/min. More preferably, in the aging treatment step, the aging treatment temperature is 170 ℃, the aluminum alloy is kept warm for 6 hours in a tubular furnace continuously filled with Ar gas, the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.4Mpa, and the gas supply amount is set to be 30 mL/min.
In the heat treatment method of the ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance, in the air cooling step, the aluminum alloy after aging treatment is directly placed in an indoor environment at 20-25 ℃. Under the condition, the original workpiece size of the ZL101A aluminum alloy is ensured to be basically unchanged. Preferably, in the air cooling step, the aluminum alloy after the aging treatment is directly placed in an indoor environment at 20 ℃.
As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, in the solution treatment step, the solution treatment temperature is 531 ℃, the aluminum alloy is kept at a temperature of 11 hours in a tubular furnace continuously filled with Ar gas, the pressure reducing valve is set to 0.4Mpa, and the gas supply amount is set to 30 mL/min; in the quenching step, the selected quenching medium is water, the water temperature is set to be 25 ℃, and the quenching time is 8 s; in the aging treatment step, the aging treatment temperature is 170 ℃, the aluminum alloy is kept warm for 6 hours in a tubular furnace continuously filled with Ar gas, the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.4Mpa, and the gas supply amount is set to be 30 mL/min; in the air cooling step, the aluminum alloy after the aging treatment is directly placed in an indoor environment at 20 ℃, and the delay time between each step is 5 s. Under the condition, the tensile strength of the ZL101A aluminum alloy treated by the heat treatment method of the ZL101A aluminum alloy reaches 301.4MPa, and is improved by more than 60 MPa compared with the strength of the ZL101A aluminum alloy which is not subjected to heat treatment; the ZL101A aluminum alloy subjected to heat treatment under the conditions has higher corrosion potential than the original ZL101A aluminum alloy, and has lower anodic dissolution current density and corrosion current density than the original ZL101A aluminum alloy, thereby showing excellent marine environment corrosion resistance.
As another preferable scheme of this embodiment, in the solution treatment step, the solution treatment temperature is 535 ℃, the aluminum alloy is kept in a tube furnace continuously filled with Ar gas for 12 hours, the pressure reducing valve is set to 0.4Mpa, and the air supply amount is set to 30 mL/min; in the quenching step, the selected quenching medium is water, the water temperature is set to be 25 ℃, and the quenching time is 9 s; in the aging treatment step, the aging treatment temperature is 170 ℃, the aluminum alloy is kept warm for 7 hours in a tubular furnace continuously filled with Ar gas, the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.4Mpa, and the gas supply amount is set to be 30 mL/min; in the air cooling step, the aluminum alloy after the aging treatment is directly placed in an indoor environment at 20 ℃, and the delay time between each step is 5 s.
As another preferable scheme of this embodiment, in the solution treatment step, the solution treatment temperature is 531 ℃, the aluminum alloy is kept in a tube furnace continuously filled with Ar gas for 12 hours, the pressure reducing valve is set to 0.3Mpa, and the air supply amount is set to 25 mL/min; in the quenching step, the selected quenching medium is water, the water temperature is set to be 20 ℃, and the quenching time is 8 s; in the aging treatment step, the aging treatment temperature is 180 ℃, the aluminum alloy is kept warm for 6 hours in a tubular furnace continuously filled with Ar gas, the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.3Mpa, and the gas supply amount is set to be 25 mL/min; in the air cooling step, the aluminum alloy after the aging treatment is directly placed in an indoor environment at 25 ℃, and the delay time between each step is 4 s.
In another preferable embodiment of this embodiment, in the solution treatment step, the solution treatment temperature is 535 ℃, the aluminum alloy is kept in a tube furnace continuously filled with Ar gas for 12 hours, the pressure reducing valve is set to 0.4Mpa, and the air supply amount is set to 25 mL/min; in the quenching step, the selected quenching medium is water, the water temperature is set to be 20 ℃, and the quenching time is 10 s; in the aging treatment step, the aging treatment temperature is 190 ℃, the aluminum alloy is kept warm for 6 hours in a tubular furnace continuously filled with Ar gas, the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.4Mpa, and the gas supply amount is set to be 25 mL/min; in the air cooling step, the aluminum alloy after the aging treatment is directly placed in an indoor environment at 25 ℃, and the delay time between each step is 2 s.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a cast ZL101A aluminum alloy, and the cast ZL101A aluminum alloy is processed by the heat treatment method of the ZL101A aluminum alloy for resisting marine environment corrosion.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides the application of the cast ZL101A aluminum alloy in the marine environment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. all the procedures involved in the invention are simple and convenient, the treatment time is short, the corrosion resistance of the ZL101A aluminum alloy in the marine environment can be effectively improved, and the service life is prolonged.
2. The heat treatment method of the ZL101A aluminum alloy for resisting marine environment corrosion is realized by four continuous technical steps, the delay time between each step is controlled to be 1-5s, and the short delay time ensures that the influence degree of each step by the environment is minimum and the overall effect of the four continuous steps is ensured. The solution treatment is to fully homogenize the distribution of Si and Mg in the ZL101A aluminum alloy at a higher temperature and for a longer time, so that Mg and Si precipitated phases are dissolved in an Al matrix at the solution temperature, thereby the element distribution in the ZL101A aluminum alloy is uniform, and the mechanical property and the corrosion resistance of the material are improved; quenching is carried out after solution treatment, and Mg and Si precipitated phases can be precipitated by a quenching medium and time, so that the precipitation strengthening effect is achieved, and the mechanical property of the material is improved; the aging treatment is to adopt higher aging temperature and longer heat preservation time to improve the strength and the hardness of the material after quenching, change the size of a precipitated phase and further enhance the corrosion resistance of the material; the aging precipitation strengthening principle is that solute atoms are desolventized in a supersaturated matrix of the solute atoms, the formed precipitation phase is coherent with the matrix, and the mismatching degree between grain boundaries can be reduced by proper heat preservation time and temperature, so that smaller strain energy is formed between the precipitation phase and the matrix; the air cooling function is to ensure the original workpiece size of ZL101A aluminum alloy. The ZL101A aluminum alloy obtained by heat treatment meets the requirements of marine environment, and can be widely applied to shipbuilding and other port facilities.
3. Compared with the original ZL101A aluminum alloy, the ZL101A aluminum alloy after heat treatment provided by the invention has the advantages that the size of precipitated phases is reduced, the precipitated phases are distributed more uniformly, and the tensile strength is obviously higher than that of the original ZL101A aluminum alloy, so that the mechanical property of the ZL101A aluminum alloy is improved by the heat treatment process provided by the invention.
4. Compared with the original ZL101A aluminum alloy, the heat-treated ZL101A aluminum alloy provided by the invention has the advantages that the corrosion potential is improved, the anode dissolution current density and the corrosion current density are reduced, and the corrosion resistance in the marine environment is improved. Salt solution soaking experiments further verify that the corrosion resistance of the ZL101A aluminum alloy subjected to heat treatment is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plot of the morphology of the precipitated phases of (a) the heat treated aluminum alloy ZL101A and (b) the original specimens ZL 101A.
Fig. 2 shows zeta potential polarization curves of ZL101A aluminum alloy in 3.5% NaCl (pH 7.9) solution after different heat treatments.
FIG. 3 is a graph of the after-immersion morphology of (a) the heat-treated ZL101A aluminum alloy of example 1 and (b) an aluminum alloy ZL101A as received from an original specimen.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the contents in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The experimental procedures used in the following examples are all conventional procedures unless otherwise specified.
Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
According to the heat treatment method of the ZL101A aluminum alloy for resisting marine environment corrosion, the following 4 heat treatment processes are specifically implemented, and the serial numbers are examples 1-4. 5 comparative examples are given, including the original state and 4 post heat treatment states, numbered as comparative examples 1-5. All heat treatment processes were carried out in an Ar gas ambient tube furnace. And (4) performing a tensile experiment on the heat-treated sample, and testing to obtain the corresponding tensile strength.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a heat treatment method of ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance, which comprises the following steps of solution treatment, quenching, aging treatment and air cooling, wherein the delay time between each step is 5 s. The heat treatment furnace is a tubular furnace in Ar gas environment, the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.4Mpa when gas is supplied, and the gas supply amount is set to be 30 mL/min. The temperature of the solution treatment is 531 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 11 hours in the environment of a tube furnace continuously filled with Ar gas. The selected quenching medium is water with the temperature of 25 ℃, and the quenching time is 8 s. The aging treatment temperature is 170 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 6h in the environment of a tube furnace continuously filled with Ar gas. And (4) placing the aluminum alloy subjected to the aging treatment in a room, and air-cooling the sample to 20 ℃.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a heat treatment method of ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance, which comprises the following steps of solution treatment, quenching, aging treatment and air cooling, wherein the delay time between each step is 5 s. The heat treatment furnace is a tubular furnace in Ar gas environment, the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.4Mpa when gas is supplied, and the gas supply amount is set to be 30 mL/min. The temperature of the solution treatment is 535 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 12 hours in the environment of a tube furnace continuously introducing Ar gas. The selected quenching medium is water with the temperature of 25 ℃, and the quenching time is 9 s. The aging treatment temperature is 170 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 7 hours in the environment of a tubular furnace continuously filled with Ar gas. And (4) placing the aluminum alloy subjected to the aging treatment in a room, and air-cooling the sample to 20 ℃.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a heat treatment method of ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance, which comprises the following steps of solution treatment, quenching, aging treatment and air cooling, wherein the delay time between each step is 4 s. The heat treatment furnace is a tubular furnace in Ar gas environment, the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.3Mpa when gas is supplied, and the gas supply amount is set to be 25 mL/min. The temperature of the solution treatment is 531 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 12 hours in the environment of a tube furnace continuously filled with Ar gas. The selected quenching medium is water with the temperature of 20 ℃, and the quenching time is 8 s. The temperature of the aging treatment is 180 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 6 hours in the environment of a tubular furnace continuously filled with Ar gas. And (4) placing the aluminum alloy subjected to the aging treatment in a room, and air-cooling the sample to 25 ℃.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a heat treatment method of ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance, which comprises the following steps of solution treatment, quenching, aging treatment and air cooling, wherein the delay time between each step is 2 s. The heat treatment furnace is a tubular furnace in Ar gas environment, the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.4Mpa when gas is supplied, and the gas supply amount is set to be 25 mL/min. The temperature of the solution treatment is 535 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 12 hours in the environment of a tube furnace continuously introducing Ar gas. The selected quenching medium is water with the temperature of 20 ℃, and the quenching time is 10 s. The temperature of the aging treatment is 190 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 6h in the environment of a tubular furnace continuously filled with Ar gas. And (4) placing the aluminum alloy subjected to the aging treatment in a room, and air-cooling the sample to 25 ℃.
Comparative example 1
Unlike examples 1-4, this comparative example did not heat treat the ZL101A aluminum alloy.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a heat treatment method of ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance, which comprises the following steps of solution treatment, quenching, aging treatment and air cooling, wherein the delay time between each step is 5 s. The heat treatment furnace is a tubular furnace in Ar gas environment, the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.4Mpa when gas is supplied, and the gas supply amount is set to be 30 mL/min. The temperature of the solution treatment is 550 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 11 hours in the environment of a tube furnace continuously filled with Ar gas. The selected quenching medium is water with the temperature of 20 ℃, and the quenching time is 10 s. The temperature of the aging treatment is 190 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 6h in the environment of a tubular furnace continuously filled with Ar gas. And (4) placing the aluminum alloy subjected to the aging treatment in a room, and air-cooling the sample to 20 ℃.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides a heat treatment method of ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance, which comprises the following steps of solution treatment, quenching, aging treatment and air cooling, wherein the delay time between each step is 5 s. The heat treatment furnace is a tubular furnace in Ar gas environment, the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.4Mpa when gas is supplied, and the gas supply amount is set to be 30 mL/min. The temperature of the solution treatment is 531 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 11 hours in the environment of a tube furnace continuously filled with Ar gas. The selected quenching medium is water with the temperature of 20 ℃, and the quenching time is 2 s. The temperature of the aging treatment is 180 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 6 hours in the environment of a tubular furnace continuously filled with Ar gas. And (4) placing the aluminum alloy subjected to the aging treatment in a room, and air-cooling the sample to 20 ℃.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example provides a heat treatment method of ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance, which comprises the following steps of solution treatment, quenching, aging treatment and air cooling, wherein the delay time between each step is 5 s. The heat treatment furnace is a tubular furnace in Ar gas environment, the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.4Mpa when gas is supplied, and the gas supply amount is set to be 30 mL/min. The temperature of the solution treatment is 535 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 18 hours in the environment of a tube furnace continuously introducing Ar gas. The selected quenching medium is water with the temperature of 25 ℃, and the quenching time is 10 s. The aging treatment temperature is 170 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 7 hours in the environment of a tubular furnace continuously filled with Ar gas. And (4) placing the aluminum alloy subjected to the aging treatment in a room, and air-cooling the sample to 24 ℃.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example provides a heat treatment method of ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance, which comprises the following steps of solution treatment, quenching, aging treatment and air cooling, wherein the delay time between each step is 5 s. The heat treatment furnace is a tubular furnace in Ar gas environment, the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.4Mpa when gas is supplied, and the gas supply amount is set to be 30 mL/min. The temperature of the solution treatment is 531 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 11 hours in the environment of a tube furnace continuously filled with Ar gas. The selected quenching medium is water with the temperature of 20 ℃, and the quenching time is 10 s. The temperature of the aging treatment is 210 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 2h in the environment of a tube furnace continuously filled with Ar gas. And (4) placing the aluminum alloy subjected to the aging treatment in a room, and air-cooling the sample to 20 ℃.
The key parameters of the heat treatment process and the tensile strength results of examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-5 are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Heat treatment Process Key parameters and tensile Strength results for examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-5
FIG. 1 is a morphology of precipitated phases of (a) the heat-treated aluminum alloy ZL101A of example 1 and (b) an original sample of the heat-treated aluminum alloy ZL101A, wherein the precipitated phase size of the heat-treated aluminum alloy ZL101A of example 1 is 5-40 μm and the precipitated phase size of the original aluminum alloy ZL101A is 50-100 μm, as counted by the size of the precipitated phase of the metallographic structure. The invention shows that compared with the original ZL101A aluminum alloy, the ZL101A aluminum alloy after heat treatment provided by the invention has the advantages that the sizes of precipitated phases are reduced, and the distribution of the precipitated phases is more uniform. As can be seen from Table 1, the tensile strength of the heat-treated materials of examples 1-4 is significantly higher than that of the original ZL101A aluminum alloy, indicating that the heat treatment process of the present invention improves the mechanical properties of the ZL101A aluminum alloy. The water quenching time of comparative example 3 is too short (2s), the solution treatment time of comparative example 4 is too long (18h), the aging treatment temperature of comparative example 5 is too high (210 ℃), and the aging treatment temperature is too short (2 h), so that the tensile strength of ZL101A aluminum alloy after heat treatment of comparative examples 2-4 is lower than that of ZL101A aluminum alloy after heat treatment of the invention, and the tensile strength of ZL101A aluminum alloy after heat treatment of comparative example 3 is even obviously lower than that of original ZL101A aluminum alloy of comparative example 1.
Fig. 2 shows zeta potential polarization curves of ZL101A aluminum alloy in 3.5% NaCl (pH 7.9) solution after different heat treatments. Corrosion evaluation test method referring to national Standard GB/T38894-2020, the heat-treated ZL101A aluminum alloy of examples 1-4 was subjected to electrochemical testing using 3.5% NaCl (pH 7.9, adjusted with NaOH). Electrochemical tests were carried out using a three-electrode system in which ZL101A aluminum alloy having dimensions of 10X 3mm as the working electrode was exposed to 1 area of 1cm after epoxy encapsulation2The reference electrode is Saturated Calomel Electrode (SCE), and the auxiliary electrode is platinum sheet with size of 20 × 20 × 0.2 mm. Potentiodynamic polarization curve testing was performed on ZL101A aluminum alloy in 3.5% NaCl (pH 7.9) solution at room temperature (20-26 ℃) and the results are shown in fig. 2.
Further, Tafel fitting was performed on the strongly polarized region in the polarization curve to obtain the electrochemical performance test results, as shown in table 2. As can be seen from Table 2, the corrosion potentials of the heat-treated ZL101A aluminum alloys of the four examples were all improved over the original ZL101A aluminum alloy, and the anodic dissolution current densities and corrosion current densities were both reduced over the original ZL101A aluminum alloy. The corrosion resistance of the four types of ZL101A aluminum alloys after heat treatment is improved in the marine environment.
TABLE 2 electrochemical Performance test results
Further, 7d soaking experiments in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution at 25 deg.C gave corrosion rate values for 7 samples, with the corrosion rate values for examples 1-4 being 0.24 g/(m) each2·h)，0.28g/(m2·h)，0.34g/(m2·h)，0.27g/(m2H) the corrosion rate values of comparative examples 1 to 3 were 0.62 g/(m), respectively2·h)，0.47g/(m2·h)，0.53g/(m2H). Therefore, the corrosion resistance of the ZL101A aluminum alloy obtained in the examples 1-4 of the application is better than that of the aluminum alloy obtained in the comparative examples 1-3. FIG. 3 shows (a) an embodimentExample 1 after heat treatment, the appearance of ZL101A aluminum alloy and (b) ZL101A aluminum alloy original sample after soaking is shown in figure 3, and the corrosion pit number and the precipitated phase number of the ZL101A aluminum alloy after heat treatment of example 1 of the invention are both less than those of the ZL101A aluminum alloy original sample.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A heat treatment method of ZL101A aluminum alloy for resisting marine environment corrosion is characterized by comprising the following steps: solution treatment, quenching, aging treatment and air cooling, wherein the delay time between each step is 1-5 s.
2. The heat treatment method of the ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance according to claim 1, wherein in the solution treatment step, the solution treatment temperature is 530-545 ℃, the aluminum alloy is kept warm for 11-13h in a tubular furnace continuously filled with Ar gas, the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.2-0.5Mpa, and the gas supply amount is set to be 20-40 mL/min.
3. The heat treatment method of the ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance according to claim 2, wherein in the solution treatment step, the solution treatment temperature is 531-535 ℃, the aluminum alloy is kept warm for 11-12h in a tubular furnace continuously filled with Ar gas, the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.3-0.4Mpa, and the air supply amount is set to be 25-30 mL/min.
4. The heat treatment method of the ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance according to claim 1, wherein in the quenching step, the selected quenching medium is water, the water temperature is set to be 20-25 ℃, and the quenching time is 8-10 s.
5. The heat treatment method of the ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance according to claim 4, wherein in the quenching step, the selected quenching medium is water, the water temperature is set to be 20-25 ℃, and the quenching time is 8-9 s.
6. The heat treatment method of the ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance according to claim 1, wherein in the aging treatment step, the aging treatment temperature is 170-190 ℃, the aluminum alloy is kept warm for 6-8h in a tubular furnace continuously filled with Ar gas, the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.2-0.5Mpa, and the gas supply amount is set to be 20-40 mL/min.
7. The heat treatment method of the ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance according to claim 6, wherein in the aging treatment step, the aging treatment temperature is 170-190 ℃, the aluminum alloy is kept warm for 6-7h in a tubular furnace continuously filled with Ar gas, the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.3-0.4Mpa, and the gas supply amount is set to be 25-30 mL/min.
8. The heat treatment method of the ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance according to claim 1, wherein in the air cooling step, the aluminum alloy after aging treatment is directly placed in an indoor environment at 20-25 ℃.
9. The cast ZL101A aluminum alloy, characterized in that the cast ZL101A aluminum alloy is treated by the heat treatment method of the ZL101A aluminum alloy for marine environment corrosion resistance according to any one of claims 1-8.
10. Use of the cast ZL101A aluminum alloy of claim 9 for a marine environment.
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