CN114273786A - Ultrafast laser precision carving method and system for leather - Google Patents
Ultrafast laser precision carving method and system for leather Download PDFInfo
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- CN114273786A CN114273786A CN202111529380.4A CN202111529380A CN114273786A CN 114273786 A CN114273786 A CN 114273786A CN 202111529380 A CN202111529380 A CN 202111529380A CN 114273786 A CN114273786 A CN 114273786A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for ultrafast laser precise carving of leather, wherein the method comprises the following steps: 1) an ultrafast laser capable of emitting high-energy single pulses at a high repetition frequency and high in single pulse energy consistency is arranged, wherein the frequency is 1KHz-1MHz, and the single pulse energy is 2uJ-2000 uJ; 2) locking the transmitting frequency to a fixed value; 3) setting the laser wavelength to 1064 +/-5 nm or 532 +/-5 nm; 4) the ultrafast laser is input to a galvanometer through a shaping light path and a light beam transmission light path, and is focused on the leather after passing through a field lens; 5) the precise carving of the leather is finished under the control of a software and hardware controller. The precise carving method of the leather is realized by the processing surface of the ultrafast laser vaporization material with high single pulse energy, almost no heat affected zone appears, the marking content is fine and clear, no burn, no heat and cold processing are caused, and no harmful gas is released like silk screen printing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser precision engraving, in particular to a method and a system for ultrafast laser precision engraving of leather.
Background
The pattern of leather laser engraving is gradually popular, and the development and production of laser engraving machines are increasingly popularized.
The laser engraving machine has the characteristics of high speed and simple operation, and solves the problems of low speed, difficult typesetting, low efficiency and serious material waste of the traditional manual and electric shears. Brings great benefit for the development of leather industry. The laser engraving machine is different from a mechanical engraving machine and other traditional manual engraving modes, and has the advantages of wider application range, higher engraving precision and higher engraving speed. The method is particularly suitable for large-breadth carving and punching of fur and various leather fabrics, and provides a brand-new solution for improving the aesthetic feeling and the added value of products. Compared with the traditional manual carving mode, the laser carving can also achieve a fine carving effect which is not inferior to the technological level of manual carving.
Because of the many advantages of laser engraving machines, the use of laser engraving machines has now gradually replaced the traditional engraving devices and methods. The laser engraving machine uses the heat energy of laser to engrave the material, and the laser in the laser engraving machine is the core. However, the existing laser engraving machine has poor heat dissipation effect, and the machine fails due to overhigh temperature, especially when the leather is engraved with patterns, once the machine and the leather have overhigh temperature, the leather can be burnt, the machine fails, and personnel are injured.
In addition, most of the current leather laser engraving machines adopt a CO2 laser, and the CO2 laser easily burns leather in the processing process and releases toxic gas.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a method and a system for ultrafast laser precise engraving of leather. The method has no burn, no heat, no cold processing, and no toxic gas release.
The invention relates to a leather ultrafast laser precision engraving method, which comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the following steps of setting an ultrafast laser which can emit high-energy single pulses under high repetition frequency and has high single pulse energy consistency, wherein the high repetition frequency is 1KHz-1MHz, the high-energy single pulse energy is 2uJ-2000uJ, and the single pulse energy consistency is as follows: the energy difference between single pulses is less than or equal to +/-5 percent;
2) locking a certain value of the transmitting frequency between 1KHz and 1 MHz;
3) ultrafast laser emitted by the laser device is amplified in beam size through a shaping light path, is input into a galvanometer through a beam transmission light path, and is focused on leather on the continuous carving platform after passing through an F-theta field lens;
4) setting laser parameters and processing parameters under the control of a software and hardware controller; controlling the galvanometer and laser emission to finish the laser precise carving of the leather.
The frequency-locking uniform energy single pulse is characterized in that the laser working mode is the periodic output of the uniform energy single pulse under the locking frequency.
Preferably, the high repetition frequency is 10KHz-200KHz, and the energy of the high-energy single pulse is 50uJ-1000 uJ.
The laser is an all-solid-state picosecond laser. The laser wavelength is 1064 +/-5 nm, 532 +/-5 nm or 355nm.
The single pulse width is 1-10 ps.
The laser window light spot is 1-3mm, and the divergence angle is 0.5-1.5 mrad.
The shaping light path is a beam expanding light path with the magnification of 1-8 times.
The light beam transmission light path is composed of transmission light paths with transmission distances of 10-1000 mm.
The working rotating speed of the galvanometer is 100-10000 r/s.
The field lens is an F-theta field lens or a telecentric field lens, and the focal length is 50-500 mm.
The minimum resolution feature size for forming the precision engraved pattern microstructure is 0.5-15 um.
The invention also provides a precise engraving system for realizing the method, which comprises an ultrafast laser, a shaping light path, a light beam transmission light path, a focusing lens, a continuous engraving platform and a controller,
the ultrafast laser can emit high-energy single pulses under high repetition frequency, the single pulse energy consistency is high, the high repetition frequency is 1KHz-1MHz, the high-energy single pulse energy is 2uJ-2000uJ, and the single pulse energy consistency is less than or equal to +/-5%; locking a certain value of the transmitting frequency between 1KHz and 1 MHz;
the focusing lens comprises a scanning galvanometer for controlling the deflection of the laser beam and a field lens for focusing the laser beam;
the continuous engraving platform is provided with X, Y and a Z-axis driving mechanism;
the laser is connected with a computer controller provided with laser precision engraving system software through a data line, the computer controller inputs controlled laser power, scanning speed and repetition frequency signals into the laser, receives pulse synchronous signals of the laser, and controls a light path, a galvanometer, a field lens and a continuous engraving platform to finish precision engraving.
And an optical gate is arranged between the shaping optical path and the light beam transmission optical path, and the opening and closing of the optical gate are controlled by a controller.
The method can be used for precisely carving leather.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention is based on the locking ultrafast laser precise engraving method with high repetition frequency, single pulse work, high single pulse energy and high single pulse energy consistency, can be used for precise engraving on leather, has no burn, no heat and cold processing, and has no harmful gas release like silk screen printing.
2. The method realizes precise carving by the ultrafast laser vaporization material processing surface with high single pulse energy, but not by the action of melting by heat, so that a heat affected zone hardly appears, the processing surface is neat, the marking content is fine and clear, and the strength of leather is not changed.
3. The high-energy single pulse output by the precise carving method disclosed by the invention is unique in time domain, the specific position point of the processed surface of the leather material is very accurate during precise carving, the drift cannot occur in space, and the precise carving quality is very good.
4. The precise engraving method has the advantages of short processing time, almost no missing points or marks and precise time sequence matching.
5. Under the irradiation of the ultrafast laser equipment with high single pulse energy consistency, the consistency of the light processing process is good, repeated irradiation is avoided, and leather cannot become dark.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrafast laser precision engraving system for leather according to the present invention;
wherein: 1. an ultrafast laser; 2. an optical path; 2-1, shaping the light path; 2-2. light beam transmission optical path; 3. a galvanometer; 4. a field lens; 5. the leather needing to be precisely engraved 6. a continuous engraving platform, 7. a controller, 8. a reflector.
Figure 2 is a photograph showing the effect of the method of the present invention on the leather.
Figure 3 is a photograph of another effect of the method of the present invention on leather precision engraving.
Detailed Description
The method and system for ultrafast laser precision engraving of leather according to the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The invention relates to a leather ultrafast laser precision engraving method, which comprises the following steps:
1) an ultrafast laser 1 which can emit high-energy single pulses under high repetition frequency and has high single pulse energy consistency is arranged, the high repetition frequency is 1KHz-1MHz, the high-energy single pulse energy is 2uJ-2000uJ, and the single pulse energy consistency is less than or equal to +/-5%;
2) locking a certain value of the transmitting frequency between 1KHz and 1 MHz;
3) ultrafast laser emitted by the laser device is amplified in beam size through a shaping light path 2-1, is input into a galvanometer 3 through a beam transmission light path 2-2, and is focused on leather 5 on a continuous carving platform 6 after passing through a field lens 4;
4) setting laser parameters and processing parameters under the control of the software and hardware controller 7; controlling the galvanometer and laser emission to finish the laser precise carving of the patterns on the leather.
The step 4) comprises the following steps:
1. setting laser emission parameters and laser pulse synchronous signals in a level form, and sending the laser pulse synchronous signals and starting time T1 to a software and hardware controller to serve as processing reference time;
2. debugging the laser beam: the light beam passes through a light beam transmission path, an optical gate and a shaping light path, wherein the optical gate is controlled by TTL level; the software and hardware controller sends a signal for controlling the opening and closing of the shutter and a starting time T2 to the shutter;
3. debugging a galvanometer: the software and hardware controller sends a control signal in the form of 5V high-low level of the galvanometer and the starting time T3 to the galvanometer,
4. and debugging the laser beam, focusing the laser beam near the continuous engraving platform through the field lens, and working within the effective range of the field lens.
5. The target hide is fixed on a continuous engraving table. And precisely adjusting the position and the boundary of the continuous engraving platform and calibrating the moving path. And adjusting laser to focus near the leather, acting on the leather to be precisely engraved, and waiting for processing.
6. The software and hardware controller is controlled in a manual or automatic mode of input and output by a computer, a singlechip, an ARM or a mobile phone.
7. And decomposing the content to be precisely engraved by a software and hardware controller to obtain pixels, diameters, filling density, routing paths and graphs in a readable format, wherein the boundary range of the pixels, the diameters, the filling density, the routing paths and the graphs is limited by the boundary of an area which is not larger than the laser precise engraving machine.
8. According to the content and the sequence of the slice pattern, a laser synchronous signal is input to a software and hardware controller to serve as a time reference, the coordinate of the calibration continuous engraving platform serves as a space reference, and the software and hardware controller sequentially transmits a control signal, a time reference, delay time and a control signal time sequence to a galvanometer, an optical gate and the continuous engraving platform to carry out overall time sequence calibration and preliminary proofing.
9. And verifying the degree of coincidence with the preset effect according to the preliminary proofing effect, and if the degree of coincidence is different, finely adjusting the process and parameters of each part until the effect is optimal, locking the parameters and starting precise engraving.
The invention also provides a leather precision engraving system for realizing the method, which comprises an ultrafast laser 1, a shaping light path 2-1, a light beam transmission light path 2-2, focusing lenses 3 and 4, a continuous engraving platform 6 and a controller 7;
the ultrafast laser 1 can emit high-energy single pulses under high repetition frequency, the single pulse energy consistency is high, the high repetition frequency is 1KHz-1MHz, the high-energy single pulse energy is 2uJ-2000uJ, and the single pulse energy consistency is less than or equal to +/-5%; locking a certain value of the transmitting frequency between 1KHz and 1 MHz;
wherein the beam transmission is accomplished by the mirror 8;
the focusing lens comprises a scanning galvanometer 3 for controlling the deflection of the laser beam and a field lens 4 for focusing the laser beam;
the continuous engraving platform 6 is provided with X, Y and a Z-axis driving mechanism;
the ultrafast laser 1 is connected with a computer controller 7 provided with laser precision engraving system software through a data line, the computer inputs controlled laser power, scanning speed and repetition frequency signals into the laser 1, receives pulse synchronous signals of the laser, and controls the light path 2, the galvanometer 3, the field lens 4 and the leather 5 on the continuous engraving platform to finish precision engraving. As shown in fig. 1.
And an optical gate is arranged between the shaping optical path and the light beam transmission optical path, and the opening and closing of the optical gate are controlled by a controller.
Example 1:
the laser is connected with a computer provided with laser precision engraving system software through a data line, the computer inputs controlled laser power, scanning speed and repetition frequency signals into the laser, and the laser is an all-solid-state picosecond laser. The controller receives the pulse synchronizing signal of the laser and controls the light path, the galvanometer, the field lens and the continuous engraving platform to finish precise engraving.
The laser wavelength is 355 +/-5 nm.
The locking transmitting frequency is 500 KHz; the single pulse energy was 4 uJ. The single pulse width is 10 ps.
The laser window spot was 2mm and the divergence angle was 1.0 mrad.
The shaping optical path is a beam expanding optical path with 5 times of magnification.
The light beam transmission light path is composed of transmission light paths with the transmission distance of 500 mm.
The galvanometer rotating speed is 1000 revolutions per second.
The field lens is an F-theta field lens, and the focal length is 200 mm.
The minimum resolution feature size to form the precision engraved pattern microstructure is 8 um.
Precision engraving using the laser:
(1) importing an image to be precisely engraved into a computer;
(2) reading an image to be precisely engraved through laser precise engraving system software installed on a computer, and setting laser output power, laser repetition frequency and galvanometer working frequency;
and turning on a laser, scanning by the laser motion control system according to an image signal output by the computer, and carrying out laser engraving on the leather by using a high-energy laser beam.
The precision engraving effect is shown in fig. 2.
Example 2:
substantially the same as in example 2, except that,
the laser wavelength is 1064 +/-5 nm.
Locking the transmitting frequency to be 1 KHz; the single pulse energy was 500 uJ. The single pulse width is 1 ps.
The laser window spot is 3mm and the divergence angle is 0.5 mrad.
The shaping optical path is a beam expanding optical path with the magnification of 1 time.
The light beam transmission light path is composed of transmission light paths with the transmission distance of 10 mm.
The galvanometer rotating speed is 10000 rpm.
The field lens is an F-theta field lens, and the focal length is 500 mm.
The minimum resolution feature size to form the precision engraved pattern microstructure is 10 um.
The leather is precisely carved by using the laser:
the precision engraving effect is shown in fig. 3.
Example 3:
substantially the same as in example 2, except that,
the laser wavelength is 532 +/-5 nm.
Locking the transmitting frequency to be 1 MHz; the single pulse energy was 10 uJ. The single pulse width is 5 ps.
The laser window spot was 1mm and the divergence angle was 1.5 mrad.
The shaping optical path is a beam expanding optical path with the magnification of 8 times.
The light beam transmission light path is composed of transmission light paths with the transmission distance of 1000 mm.
The working rotating speed of the galvanometer is 100 revolutions per second.
The field lens is a telecentric field lens, and the focal length is 50 mm.
The minimum resolution feature size to form the precision engraved pattern microstructure is 0.5 um.
The leather is precisely engraved using the laser.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make modifications and equivalents to the specific embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is set forth in the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An ultrafast laser precise carving method for leather is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) the method comprises the steps of setting an ultrafast laser which can emit high-energy single pulses under high repetition frequency and has high single pulse energy consistency, wherein the high repetition frequency is 1KHz-1MHz, the high-energy single pulse energy is 2uJ-2000uJ, and the single pulse energy consistency is less than or equal to +/-5%;
2) locking a certain value of the transmitting frequency between 1KHz and 1 MHz;
3) ultrafast laser emitted by the laser device is amplified in beam size through a shaping light path, is input to a galvanometer through a beam transmission light path, and is focused on leather on the continuous carving platform after passing through a field lens;
4) setting laser parameters and processing parameters under the control of a software and hardware controller; controlling the galvanometer and laser emission to finish the laser precise carving of the leather.
2. The method for ultrafast laser precision engraving of leather as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser is an all solid state picosecond laser, and the laser wavelength is 1064 ± 5nm, 532 ± 5nm or 355 ± 5nm.
3. The method for ultrafast laser precision engraving of leather according to claim 1, wherein the single pulse width is 1-10 ps.
4. The method for ultrafast laser precision engraving of leather as claimed in claim 1, wherein said laser window has a spot of 1-3mm and a divergence angle of 0.5-1.5 mrad.
5. The method for ultrafast laser precision engraving of leather as claimed in claim 1, wherein said shaping optical path is a beam expanding optical path with a magnification of 1-8 times.
6. The method for ultrafast laser precision engraving of leather as claimed in claim 1, wherein said beam transmission path is composed of transmission paths with transmission distance of 10-1000 mm.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the galvanometer is 100-10000 rpm/s.
8. The method for ultrafast laser precision engraving of leather as claimed in claim 1, wherein said field lens is an F-theta field lens or a telecentric field lens, and the focal length is 50-500 mm.
9. The method of ultrafast laser precision engraving of leather as claimed in claim 1, wherein the minimum resolution feature size of the micro-structures forming the precision engraving pattern is 0.5-15 um.
10. A precision engraving system for carrying out the method of claim 1, wherein said system comprises an ultrafast laser, a shaping optical path and a beam delivery optical path, a focusing lens, a continuous engraving station and a controller,
the ultrafast laser can emit high-energy single pulses under high repetition frequency, the single pulse energy consistency is high, the high repetition frequency is 1KHz-1MHz, the high-energy single pulse energy is 2uJ-2000uJ, and the single pulse energy consistency is less than or equal to +/-5%; locking a certain value of the transmitting frequency between 1KHz and 1 MHz;
the focusing lens comprises a scanning galvanometer for controlling the deflection of the laser beam and a field lens for focusing the laser beam;
the continuous engraving platform is provided with X, Y and a Z-axis driving mechanism;
the laser is connected with a computer controller provided with laser precise engraving system software through a data line, the computer controller inputs controlled laser power, scanning speed and repetition frequency signals into the laser, receives pulse synchronous signals of the laser, and controls a light path, a galvanometer, a field lens and a continuous engraving platform to finish precise engraving of leather.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114714008A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-07-08 | 广东大族粤铭智能装备股份有限公司 | Leather micropore laser processing method and device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114714008A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-07-08 | 广东大族粤铭智能装备股份有限公司 | Leather micropore laser processing method and device |
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