CN114259962A - Device and method for converting carbon dioxide under microwave action - Google Patents
Device and method for converting carbon dioxide under microwave action Download PDFInfo
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- CN114259962A CN114259962A CN202111345535.9A CN202111345535A CN114259962A CN 114259962 A CN114259962 A CN 114259962A CN 202111345535 A CN202111345535 A CN 202111345535A CN 114259962 A CN114259962 A CN 114259962A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for converting carbon dioxide under the action of microwaves. Belongs to the technical field of preparing carbon monoxide by a carbon dioxide gasification method, and comprises the following steps: the carbon dioxide conversion chamber is provided with an upper conversion chamber cavity and a lower conversion chamber cavity from top to bottom, the upper conversion chamber cavity is provided with a material inlet, the lower conversion chamber cavity is provided with a height, the bottom of the lower conversion chamber cavity is provided with a gas distribution structure, the gas distribution structure is connected with a carbon dioxide gas inlet source, and the top of the upper conversion chamber cavity is provided with a carbon monoxide gas outlet; and the microwave heating device is arranged outside the carbon dioxide conversion chamber and is connected with the carbon dioxide conversion chamber. The conversion rate of carbon dioxide is improved, the gas production rate of carbon monoxide gas is improved, and the operation cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon monoxide preparation by a carbon dioxide gasification method, and particularly relates to a carbon dioxide conversion device and method under the action of microwaves.
Background
In China, the targets of carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization are realized in a short time by using an ultra-large economic body highly depending on fossil energy such as coal, petroleum and the like, measures such as energy conservation and emission reduction, low carbon and high-efficiency energy development and the like are carried out, and cyclic utilization of carbon-based energy is also a necessary way for realizing a double-carbon target, namely carbon dioxide generated by an enterprise is converted into carbon-based raw materials (such as carbon monoxide) required by the enterprise through green high-efficiency energy, so that the carbon emission pressure of the enterprise can be reduced, and the carbon monoxide gas raw materials required by enterprise operation can be obtained.
Carbon monoxide is a colorless, tasteless, non-irritating, asphyxiating gas at room temperature, and is also an inflammable, explosive, toxic and dangerous gas. Carbon monoxide is an important raw material of basic organic chemical industry, is mainly applied to the fields of chemical industry and metallurgical industry, is mainly used as a main component of synthesis gas and various coal gases in the chemical industry, and is an important raw material for synthesizing a series of basic organic chemical products and intermediates; in the metallurgical industry, carbon monoxide is often used as a reducing agent. The main equipment for producing carbon monoxide is a carbon monoxide gas generating furnace, and the existing carbon monoxide gas generating furnace has the problems of low production capacity, low gas generating efficiency, high operation cost and the like.
At present, a coke pure oxygen gasification method and a coke mixed gas gasification method are the main methods for producing carbon monoxide at present, the coke pure oxygen gasification method is prepared by high-temperature gasification of coke and pure oxygen in a carbon monoxide gas generation furnace, the purity of the carbon monoxide is low, and the process is a strong exothermic reaction, needs a large amount of cooling water and causes serious waste of energy; the coke mixed gas gasification method is prepared by taking coke and mixed gas of pure oxygen and carbon dioxide as raw materials and gasifying the raw materials at high temperature in a carbon monoxide gas generating furnace, the content of carbon dioxide in the synthetic gas obtained by the method is high, the purity of carbon monoxide is influenced, and the production process is difficult to control accurately; at present, few reports are made in China on a carbon dioxide gasification method, namely, under anaerobic and high-temperature conditions, carbon dioxide is converted into carbon monoxide in a carbon dioxide conversion device, and the key point of the method is to improve the carbon dioxide conversion rate and reduce the energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a device and a method for converting carbon dioxide under the action of microwaves.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, a device for converting carbon dioxide under the action of microwaves comprises:
the carbon dioxide conversion chamber is provided with an upper conversion chamber cavity and a lower conversion chamber cavity from top to bottom, the upper conversion chamber cavity is provided with a material inlet, the lower conversion chamber cavity is provided with a height, the bottom of the lower conversion chamber cavity is provided with a gas distribution structure, the gas distribution structure is connected with a carbon dioxide gas inlet source, and the top of the upper conversion chamber cavity is provided with a carbon monoxide gas outlet;
the microwave heating device is connected with the carbon dioxide conversion chamber.
According to the invention, the lower cavity of the conversion chamber of the carbon dioxide conversion chamber has a certain height, and the bottom of the lower cavity of the conversion chamber is provided with the gas distribution structure for carbon dioxide gas inlet, so that carbon dioxide is upwards mixed and contacted with the solid material, and the carbon dioxide is converted into carbon monoxide in the mixing and contacting process.
The cavity has a height under the conversion chamber, and within the height, the carbon dioxide can fully react with the solid material, so that the purpose of completely converting the carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide is achieved.
The solid material falls downwards, the gas goes upwards, and finally the gas is discharged from the top of the upper cavity of the conversion chamber, so that the negative pressure state is kept in the lower cavity of the conversion chamber, the carbon dioxide can continuously move upwards, the flowing power of the gas flow is improved, and the carbon dioxide moves from bottom to top and is converted.
The microwave heating device conveys microwaves into the carbon dioxide conversion chamber, so that the solid materials absorb the microwaves, the reaction temperature is provided, and the carbon dioxide is promoted to be converted into carbon monoxide.
In some embodiments of the invention, the ratio of the height to the diameter of the cavity below the conversion chamber is from 4:1 to 10: 1. The ratio of the height to the diameter of the cavity under the conversion chamber influences the distribution degree of the materials in the transverse direction and the longitudinal moving direction length of the gas, further influences the diffusion of the gas and the contact mixing uniformity of the gas and the materials, so that an optimal structural design is made, the carbon dioxide gas and the solid materials are more suitable for fully reacting, the conversion rate of the carbon dioxide is improved, and the high-purity carbon monoxide gas is prepared.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the ratio of the diameter of the upper cavity of the reforming chamber to the diameter of the lower cavity of the reforming chamber is 1.5:1 to 4:1, and the ratio of the height of the upper cavity of the reforming chamber to the height of the lower cavity of the reforming chamber is 0.3:1 to 0.5: 1. The diameter of the cavity on the conversion chamber is larger than that of the cavity under the conversion chamber, so that the generated carbon monoxide can be conveniently and fully escaped, and the negative pressure environment of the cavity under the conversion chamber can be maintained.
In some embodiments of the invention, the ratio of the carbon monoxide gas outlet diameter at the top of the upper cavity of the conversion chamber to the diameter of the upper cavity of the conversion chamber is 0.15:1 to 0.4: 1. The diameter of the top opening of the cavity on the conversion chamber influences the outflow speed of the airflow, the air pressure environment of the cavity on the conversion chamber can be influenced, the negative pressure environment of the cavity under the conversion chamber is indirectly influenced, carbon dioxide is prevented from entering the cavity under the conversion chamber in advance, and the preparation of high-purity carbon monoxide gas is promoted.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the gas distribution structure includes a gas distribution main pipe and a gas distribution branch pipe, the gas distribution branch pipe is communicated with the gas distribution main pipe, and the gas distribution branch pipe is provided with gas distribution holes. Furthermore, the gas distribution pipe also comprises a dust screen which covers the gas distribution holes on the outer side wall of the gas distribution branch pipe. The dust screen can avoid the blockage of the air distribution holes, so that the device runs stably and reliably.
In some embodiments of the invention, the gas distribution device further comprises a carbon dioxide inlet pipe, wherein the carbon dioxide inlet pipe is positioned outside the lower cavity of the conversion chamber and is connected with the gas distribution main pipe. Further, the diameter ratio of the gas distribution main pipe 13 to the carbon dioxide gas inlet pipe 23 is 1.5:1 to 2: 1. Aims to convert the gas dynamic pressure into static pressure, so that the gas outlet of each gas distribution hole is more uniform.
In some embodiments of the invention, the carbon monoxide gas outlet is connected with the gas heat exchange device through a carbon monoxide gas outlet pipe. Further, the gas heat exchange device is provided with a carbon dioxide gas inlet and a carbon dioxide gas outlet. Further, a carbon dioxide gas outlet of the gas heat exchange device is connected with the gas distribution structure through a carbon dioxide gas inlet pipe. Through gas heat transfer device, can make the carbon monoxide gas that comes out and carbon dioxide admit air and carry out the heat transfer, improve the temperature of the admitting air of the carbon dioxide that gets into.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the apparatus further comprises a sealed transfer cavity, the material inlet of the sealed transfer cavity is communicated with the material outlet at the bottom of the lower cavity of the conversion chamber, and the material outlet of the sealed transfer cavity is communicated with the top feed inlet of the upper cavity of the conversion chamber. Furthermore, a lifting device is arranged in the sealed transmission cavity, and the lifting device can be a bucket elevator. Further, the material inlet end of the sealed transmission cavity is provided with a spiral auger conveying structure. Further, a slag discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the sealed transmission cavity; furthermore, a vibrating screen is arranged at the upper part of the slag discharging port.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the slag discharging device is connected to the slag discharging port, and the slag discharging device includes a slag lock hopper, an upper valve is disposed inside the slag lock hopper at a top feeding port, and a lower valve is disposed at a bottom discharging port. Further, the top of the slag lock hopper is provided with a shielding gas inlet and a shielding gas outlet. So as to be filled and discharged by carbon dioxide gas, and avoid air impurities entering the deslagging process. The upper valve and the lower valve of the slag lock hopper can control the slag discharging process.
In some embodiments of the invention, the device further comprises a feeding device, the feeding device comprises a hopper and a feeding bin, the hopper is positioned above the feeding bin, the hopper is connected with the feeding bin through a conveying pipeline, and the feeding bin is connected with the upper cavity of the conversion chamber through a discharging pipe. Furthermore, a sealing valve is arranged on the material conveying pipeline, and a sealing valve is arranged on the discharging pipe. Further, the sealing valve is connected to the control lever.
In a second aspect, the method for converting carbon dioxide under the action of microwaves by using the conversion device comprises the following specific steps:
the carbon material enters the lower cavity of the conversion chamber through the upper cavity of the conversion chamber, the carbon dioxide gas enters the lower cavity of the conversion chamber from the bottom of the lower cavity of the conversion chamber, and the carbon dioxide is mixed and contacted with the carbon material;
microwave energy is input into the lower cavity of the conversion chamber through microwave heating;
the carbon dioxide reacts with the carbon material to obtain carbon monoxide gas.
In some embodiments of the invention, the temperature within the cavity below the conversion chamber is between 1050 ℃ and 1200 ℃.
In some embodiments of the invention, the sub-atmospheric pressure condition of the chamber below the conversion chamber is between 0 and-2 kpa. The negative pressure value in the lower cavity of the conversion chamber has a certain relation with the structural design of the lower cavity of the conversion chamber, including the diameter and the height, and the negative pressure value arranged in the negative pressure range can promote the carbon dioxide to move upwards and diffuse, thereby enhancing the reaction effect and improving the conversion rate.
In some embodiments of the invention, the particle size of the carbon material is 2-10 mm, the carbon content in the carbon material is greater than or equal to 70% (mass percent), and the solid material is one or more of metallurgical coke, petroleum coke, activated carbon and coal particles. The carbon material meets a certain carbon content, and can promote the improvement of the conversion rate of carbon dioxide.
In some embodiments of the invention, the material in the sealed transport chamber moves at a speed of 3m/h to 15 m/h. The moving speed of the materials in the sealed transmission cavity can return the remaining materials which are not completely reacted to the conversion chamber after ensuring the sufficient reaction time of partial materials and carbon dioxide, and ensures that the materials are always in an excessive state, thereby ensuring the high conversion rate of the carbon dioxide and improving the concentration of the carbon monoxide.
One or more technical schemes of the invention have the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts the key technology of carbon dioxide conversion under the action of microwaves, thereby providing a novel technology of a carbon dioxide conversion device and a carbon dioxide conversion method under the action of microwaves.
The invention fully utilizes the carbon-containing solid material as the strong wave absorption material, thereby adopting microwave heating, changing the traditional heating mode of adopting solid, liquid and gas fuel, providing novel energy for microwave heating, microwave energy volume heating and waste heat heating, fully utilizing the microwave energy, and having the outstanding beneficial effects of energy saving and consumption reduction.
The invention adopts the solid material carbon dioxide gasification method, breaks through the traditional solid material pure oxygen gasification method and solid material mixed gasification method, and simultaneously combines the microwave heating mode, thereby improving the conversion rate of carbon dioxide, simultaneously improving the gas production rate of carbon monoxide gas and reducing the operation cost.
Under the action of microwaves, the invention takes the solid material as a reducing agent to convert carbon dioxide, realizes the recycling of carbon-based energy, greatly increases the utilization rate of the carbon dioxide, effectively reduces the carbon emission pressure of enterprises, and provides a brand-new technical path for realizing the aim of 'double carbon'.
The material circulating device is arranged, so that the solid material in the lower cavity of the carbon dioxide conversion chamber is excessive in the operation process of the device, carbon dioxide gas is completely converted, the conversion rate of carbon dioxide is improved, the incompletely reacted solid material in the carbon dioxide conversion chamber can be recycled until the completely reacted solid material is completely reacted, and the utilization rate of solid material raw materials is improved.
The uniform gas distribution device is arranged to convert the dynamic pressure of gas into static pressure, so that the gas outlet of each gas distribution hole is more uniform; meanwhile, the dust screen is arranged outside the air distribution pipe, so that the air distribution holes are prevented from being blocked, and the device is stable and reliable in operation.
The invention is provided with the preheating device, changes the traditional water cooling mode, reduces the temperature of the carbon monoxide gas, effectively preheats the carbon dioxide feed gas, realizes the waste heat recycling of the device, saves energy and reduces consumption.
According to the carbon dioxide conversion device under the microwave action, the plurality of sealing valves are arranged on the feeding device, so that the feeding device can be opened and closed at different times, and the cavity of the carbon dioxide conversion chamber is always isolated from the outside, so that continuous feeding without stopping a furnace is realized, and the production efficiency is improved.
The carbon dioxide conversion chamber adopts a double-heat-preservation structure with an inner heat preservation layer and an outer heat preservation layer, overcomes the outer heat preservation and cooling mode of the traditional water jacket, and ensures that the whole device is simpler and more energy-saving.
The slag discharging device is provided with the protective gas inlet and outlet, the protective gas is carbon dioxide gas, the protective gas is introduced during slag discharging to prevent carbon monoxide gas in the carbon dioxide conversion chamber from overflowing, the device is safe and reliable in operation, and the environmental protection and the health safety of operators are facilitated.
The invention has the advantages of ingenious design, simple structure, convenient operation, convenient implementation, low cost, continuous operation, stability and reliability, and can be widely popularized and applied.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a carbon dioxide conversion apparatus under the action of microwaves according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the uniform gas distribution device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for converting carbon dioxide under the action of microwaves according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a material preparing hopper, 2, a material feeding bin, 3, a sealing valve, 4, a control lever, 5, a discharging pipe, 6, an upper cavity of a conversion chamber, 7, a lower cavity, 8, a microwave energy feedback port, 9, a screw conveying structure of a packing auger, 10, a vibrating screen, 11, a bucket elevator, 12, a top material inlet, 13, a gas distribution main pipe, 14, a gas distribution pipe, 15, a gas distribution hole, 16, a dust screen, 17, a carbon monoxide gas inlet pipe, 18, a carbon monoxide gas inlet, 19, a carbon dioxide gas inlet, 20, a gas heat exchange pipe, 21, a carbon monoxide outlet, 22, a carbon dioxide gas outlet, 23, a carbon dioxide gas inlet pipe, 24, a slag lock hopper, 25, a slag discharge port, 26, an upper valve, 27, a lower valve, 28, a protective gas inlet, 29, a protective gas outlet, 30, a temperature measuring point, 31, a material detecting port, 32, a gas filter screen, 33, a pressure measuring point, 34 and an outdoor heat insulation layer of the conversion chamber, 35. a conversion indoor heat-insulating layer, 36 and a pipeline heat-insulating layer.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The invention will be further illustrated by the following examples
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a carbon dioxide conversion device under microwave action comprises: the carbon dioxide conversion chamber is provided with an upper conversion chamber cavity 6 and a lower conversion chamber cavity 7 from top to bottom, the upper conversion chamber cavity 6 is provided with a material inlet, the lower conversion chamber cavity 7 has a height, the bottom of the lower conversion chamber cavity 7 is provided with a gas distribution structure, the gas distribution structure is connected with a carbon dioxide gas inlet source, and the top of the upper conversion chamber cavity 6 is provided with a carbon monoxide gas outlet; and the microwave heating device is arranged outside the carbon dioxide conversion chamber and is connected with the carbon dioxide conversion chamber.
Feeding device has set up the hopper 1 including being equipped with hopper 1 and feed bin 2, and 2 upper reaches in feed bin have been provided with a plurality of sealing valve 3, and the preferred sealing valve 3 of this embodiment sets up to two, prepares material and connects through sealing valve 3 between hopper 1 and the feed bin 2, connects through sealing valve 3 between hopper 2 and the solid material unloading pipe 5.
Add solid material raw materials to adding in the feed bin 2 through being equipped with hopper 1 and adding the sealed valve 3 between the feed bin 2, then close the sealed valve 3 between hopper 1 and the feed bin 2 of being equipped with, make the solid material raw materials that add be located the airtight space that adds in feed bin 2, reuse nitrogen gas replacement is equipped with the air that gets into when sealed valve 3 between hopper 1 and the feed bin 2 opens, then open the sealed valve 3 between feed bin 2 and the solid material unloading pipe 5 of adding, make the solid material raw materials enter into the carbon dioxide conversion room through solid material unloading pipe 5 and turn into carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide with the cavity down. The operation is repeated so as to realize continuous feeding.
The material preparing hopper 1 and the material feeding bin 2 are both provided with control levers 4 for respectively controlling the opening and closing of different sealing valves 3, and the driving mode of the control levers 4 is air pressure, hydraulic pressure or manual operation.
Microwave energy feedback ports 8 are respectively arranged on the circumference of the lower cavity 7 of the carbon dioxide conversion chamber, the number of the microwave energy feedback ports 8 is at least 2 at least, and the microwave energy feedback ports can be increased at most according to the increase of the height and the diameter of the lower cavity of the carbon dioxide conversion chamber; the carbon dioxide conversion chamber is made of high-temperature-resistant cast steel, the cylindrical barrel body lined in the lower cavity of the carbon dioxide conversion chamber is made of high-temperature-resistant alumina ceramic material, microwave energy can directly penetrate through the high-temperature-resistant alumina ceramic material to act on the solid material, so that the solid material is heated quickly and uniformly, a temperature measuring point 30 is arranged on the lower cavity 7 of the carbon dioxide conversion chamber, and the temperature in the lower cavity of the carbon dioxide conversion chamber is monitored in real time.
The refractory heat-insulating material is lined between the lower cavity 7 of the conversion chamber and the high-temperature-resistant alumina ceramic cylinder, the aluminum silicate heat-insulating material is generally used as an inner layer for heat insulation, the heat-insulating material is also arranged on the outer layer of the conversion chamber, and the rock wool heat-insulating material is generally used as an outer layer for heat insulation.
The material inlet of the sealed transmission cavity is communicated with the material outlet at the bottom of the lower cavity 7 of the conversion chamber, and the material outlet of the sealed transmission cavity is communicated with the top feed inlet 12 of the upper cavity of the conversion chamber. The sealed transmission cavity is internally provided with a bucket elevator 11, the material inlet end of the sealed transmission cavity is provided with a spiral auger conveying structure, the bottom of the sealed transmission cavity is provided with a slag discharging port 25, the slag discharging port 25 is provided with a vibrating screen 10, and a slag discharging device is connected with the slag discharging port 25.
The auger screw conveying structure 9, the vibrating screen 10 and the bucket elevator 11 are sequentially arranged, solid materials and ash residues after primary reaction in the lower cavity of the carbon dioxide conversion chamber enter the vibrating screen 10 under the conveying of the auger screw conveying structure 9 to be screened and discharged, the screened ash residues are discharged through the slag discharging device, the unreacted solid materials enter the bucket elevator 11 and enter the lower cavity of the conversion chamber through the circulating material discharging pipe 12 to be recycled.
The slag discharging device comprises a slag lock hopper 24, the slag lock hopper 24 is arranged below the vibrating screen 10, the vibrating screen 10 screens out ash slag into the slag lock hopper 24 in the working process, two slag discharging valves, namely a slag lock hopper upper valve 26 and a slag lock hopper lower valve 27 are arranged in the slag lock hopper 24, the slag lock hopper upper valve 26 is positioned between the vibrating screen 10 and the slag lock hopper 24, the slag lock hopper lower valve 27 is positioned between the slag lock hopper 24 and a slag discharging port 25, and the slag lock hopper upper valve 26 and the slag lock hopper lower valve 27 are connected with a hydraulic control system; the slag lock hopper 24 is provided with a shielding gas inlet 28 and a shielding gas outlet 29 for charging and discharging carbon dioxide gas so as to prevent air impurities from entering the slag discharge process.
The heat exchanger also comprises a gas heat exchange device which can be a gas heat exchange pipe 20, wherein the gas heat exchange pipe 20 comprises a carbon dioxide gas outlet 22, a carbon dioxide gas inlet 19, a carbon monoxide gas inlet 18 and a carbon monoxide gas outlet 21. And a carbon monoxide gas inlet 18 at the upper part of the gas heat exchange pipe is connected with a carbon monoxide gas outlet pipe 17 at the upper part, and a carbon dioxide gas outlet 22 at the lower part of the preheating device is connected with a carbon dioxide gas inlet pipe 23. The carbon monoxide outlet pipe 17 and the carbon dioxide inlet pipe 23 are provided with a pipe insulation layer 36.
In the embodiment, the ratio of the height to the diameter of the lower cavity of the carbon dioxide conversion chamber is 4: 1-10: 1; the diameter ratio of the upper cavity of the carbon dioxide conversion chamber to the lower cavity of the carbon dioxide conversion chamber is 1.5: 1-4: 1, the height ratio of the upper cavity of the carbon dioxide conversion chamber to the lower cavity of the carbon dioxide conversion chamber is 0.3: 1-0.5: 1, and the diameter ratio of the top opening diameter of the upper cavity of the carbon dioxide conversion chamber to the diameter of the upper cavity of the carbon dioxide conversion chamber is 0.15: 1-0.4: 1.
As shown in fig. 2, the gas distribution structure includes a gas distribution main pipe 13, a gas distribution pipe 14, a gas distribution hole 15 and a dust screen 16, and the diameter ratio of the gas distribution main pipe 13 to the carbon dioxide gas inlet pipe 23 is 1.5: 1-2: 1.
The top of the cavity on the conversion chamber is provided with a probe port 31. And a gas filter screen 32 is arranged below a carbon monoxide gas outlet of the upper cavity of the conversion chamber, and plays a role in filtering solid materials. The carbon dioxide conversion chamber is provided with a temperature measuring point 30 for measuring the indoor temperature; the upper cavity of the conversion chamber is provided with a pressure measuring point 33 for measuring the air pressure in the upper cavity of the conversion chamber. The side wall of the carbon dioxide conversion chamber is provided with a conversion chamber inner heat-insulating layer 34 and a conversion chamber outer heat-insulating layer 35 from inside to outside.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, which is a flow chart of a method for converting carbon dioxide under microwave action according to the present invention, the method is suitable for the apparatus for converting carbon dioxide under microwave action, and comprises the following steps:
1) adding a solid material into the lower cavity of the carbon dioxide conversion chamber through the feeding device;
2) microwave energy is sent to the microwave energy feedback port to heat materials in the cavity below the carbon dioxide conversion chamber;
3) controlling the temperature in the lower cavity of the carbon dioxide conversion chamber to be 1050-1200 ℃;
4) carbon dioxide gas is preheated by the preheating device and then is sent into the gas distribution main pipe, the carbon dioxide gas is uniformly distributed by the gas distribution pipe and then continuously enters the lower cavity of the carbon dioxide conversion chamber through the gas distribution holes, and the carbon dioxide gas reacts with solid materials to generate carbon monoxide gas, so that the carbon dioxide conversion is completed;
5) and opening the material circulating device, and controlling the material moving speed to be 3-15 m/h.
The carbon dioxide conversion method under the action of microwaves, provided by the embodiment, is characterized in that the carbon dioxide conversion device under the action of microwaves is adopted for carbon dioxide conversion, the output power of the microwave energy feedback port is adjusted, the temperature of the cavity under the carbon dioxide conversion chamber is controlled to be 1050-1200 ℃, the sufficient reaction of carbon dioxide and solid materials is ensured, the carbon dioxide gas is completely converted into carbon monoxide gas, and meanwhile, the novel microwave heating mode, the recycling of the solid materials and the ingenious design of the waste heat recovery of the carbon monoxide gas are combined, so that the whole device is more energy-saving, and the conversion rate of the carbon dioxide is higher.
Preferably, in the above method for converting carbon dioxide by microwave, the pressure in the carbon dioxide converting chamber is maintained at a negative pressure of 0 to-2 kpa; the particle size of the solid material is 2-10 mm, the carbon content in the solid material is more than or equal to 70% (mass percent), and the solid material is one or more of metallurgical coke, petroleum coke, activated carbon and coal particles.
The conversion rate of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide is more than or equal to 98 percent.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A carbon dioxide conversion device under microwave action is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the carbon dioxide conversion chamber is provided with an upper conversion chamber cavity and a lower conversion chamber cavity from top to bottom, the upper conversion chamber cavity is provided with a material inlet, the lower conversion chamber cavity is provided with a height, the bottom of the lower conversion chamber cavity is provided with a gas distribution structure, the gas distribution structure is connected with a carbon dioxide gas inlet source, and the top of the upper conversion chamber cavity is provided with a carbon monoxide gas outlet;
the microwave heating device is connected with the carbon dioxide conversion chamber;
the ratio of the height to the diameter of the lower cavity of the conversion chamber is 4: 1-10: 1;
the diameter ratio of the upper cavity of the conversion chamber to the lower cavity of the conversion chamber is 1.5: 1-4: 1, and the height ratio of the upper cavity of the conversion chamber to the lower cavity of the conversion chamber is 0.3: 1-0.5: 1.
2. The apparatus for converting carbon dioxide under microwave action according to claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the diameter of the carbon monoxide gas outlet at the top of the upper cavity of the conversion chamber to the diameter of the upper cavity of the conversion chamber is 0.15: 1-0.4: 1.
3. The apparatus for converting carbon dioxide under microwave action according to claim 1, wherein: the gas distribution structure comprises a gas distribution main pipe and a gas distribution branch pipe, the gas distribution branch pipe is communicated with the gas distribution main pipe, and gas distribution holes are formed in the gas distribution branch pipe.
4. A device for converting carbon dioxide under the action of microwaves as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the carbon dioxide gas inlet pipe is positioned on the outer side of the lower cavity of the conversion chamber and is connected with the gas distribution main pipe.
5. The apparatus for converting carbon dioxide under microwave action according to claim 1, wherein: the carbon monoxide gas outlet is connected with the gas heat exchange device through a carbon monoxide gas outlet pipe.
6. The apparatus for converting carbon dioxide under microwave action according to claim 1, wherein: the material inlet of the sealed transmission cavity is communicated with the material outlet at the bottom of the lower cavity of the conversion chamber, the material outlet of the sealed transmission cavity is communicated with the top feed inlet of the upper cavity of the conversion chamber, and the bottom of the sealed transmission cavity is provided with a slag discharge port.
7. The apparatus for converting carbon dioxide under microwave action according to claim 6, wherein: the slag discharging device comprises a slag lock hopper, an upper valve is arranged at the position of a top feeding hole, and a lower valve is arranged at the position of a bottom discharging hole.
8. Method for carbon dioxide conversion under the action of microwaves using a conversion device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
the carbon material enters the lower cavity of the conversion chamber through the upper cavity of the conversion chamber, the carbon dioxide gas enters the lower cavity of the conversion chamber from the bottom of the lower cavity of the conversion chamber, and the carbon dioxide is mixed and contacted with the carbon material;
microwave energy is input into the lower cavity of the conversion chamber through microwave heating;
the carbon dioxide reacts with the carbon material to obtain carbon monoxide gas.
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