CN114254471B - Element identification method, device, equipment and storage medium of power network - Google Patents
Element identification method, device, equipment and storage medium of power network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides an element identification method, device, equipment and storage medium of a power network, relating to the technical field of power grids, wherein the method comprises the following steps: generating a simulation power network model corresponding to the power network of the area to be identified, wherein the simulation power network model comprises a transformer substation; acquiring the maximum load value and the initial working efficiency of each transformer substation, and attacking at least one first transformer substation in the simulation power network model according to a preset attack strategy; restoring all second substations in the attacked first substations in the simulation power network model according to a preset restoration strategy; and calculating the real-time score of each second substation according to a preset scoring strategy, and taking the second substation corresponding to the real-time score which is greater than or equal to the preset score as a target element in the simulation power network model. The method and the device take the operation and maintenance elasticity among the power networks into consideration, can accurately identify the target elements, and have important practical significance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power grids, in particular to a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for identifying elements of a power network.
Background
Along with the rapid development of economy, the power network also develops rapidly, and the normal work of the power network can stably and continuously supply power to the load normally, so that power failure accidents can be effectively avoided. It should be noted that the large-scale interconnection of the power networks can greatly increase the transmission distance of the power, but at the same time, if the power network has a local fault, the possibility of transmitting the local fault to the large-area power network or even the whole power network will be increased, and further the normal operation of the power network will be affected, and even the overall breakdown of the power network will be caused. In addition, when a power network has a fault, the property of the power station and the power line in the power network that are rich in elasticity also needs to be considered, and the corresponding network elasticity (cyber resilience) may also be referred to as operational resilience (operational resilience), which may represent the capability of the power network to recover quickly and operate continuously when the power network encounters the fault.
The conventional method can only identify important elements in a relatively static power network, but does not consider the operation and maintenance elasticity of the power network in actual life, cannot accurately identify the important elements in the power network, reduces the early warning performance of the power network, and cannot ensure the stable operation of the power network.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present application is to provide a method, an apparatus, a device and a storage medium for identifying elements of a power network, which at least solve some of the above technical problems.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an element identification method for an electric power network, where the method includes:
generating a simulation power network model corresponding to a power network of an area to be identified, wherein the simulation power network model comprises a transformer substation;
acquiring the maximum load value and the initial working efficiency of each transformer substation, and attacking at least one first transformer substation in the simulation power network model according to a preset attack strategy, wherein the first transformer substation has the initial working efficiency greater than or equal to the preset working efficiency;
restoring a second substation in all attacked first substations in the simulation power network model according to a preset restoration strategy, wherein the second substation is a substation of which the first load value in the attacked first substation is smaller than or equal to the corresponding maximum load value;
and calculating the real-time score of each second substation according to a preset scoring strategy, and taking the second substation corresponding to the real-time score which is greater than or equal to the preset score as a target element in the simulation power network model.
In a possible embodiment, the step of obtaining the maximum load value of each substation includes:
acquiring an initial load value of each transformer substation;
and calculating the maximum load value of each transformer substation according to the initial load value of each transformer substation and the preset maximum tolerance corresponding to each transformer substation.
In a possible embodiment, the step of obtaining an initial load value of each substation includes:
and acquiring the equipment load value of the electric equipment connected with each transformer substation, and calculating the initial load value of each transformer substation according to the equipment load value.
In a possible embodiment, the step of restoring, in the simulated power network model, a second substation of all the attacked first substations according to a preset restoration policy includes:
acquiring target working efficiency of a second transformer substation;
calculating the power recovery quantity of each second transformer substation according to the n-th function of the target working efficiency of the second transformer substation;
and executing recovery operation on the second substation according to the power recovery amount.
In a possible embodiment, after the step of restoring, in the simulated power network model, the second substation in the first substations which are all attacked according to the preset restoration policy, the method further includes:
And if detecting that at least two third substations exist in the simulation power network model, judging that a cascading failure phenomenon occurs, wherein the third substations are substations of which the second load values are larger than the corresponding maximum load values in all the first substations.
In a possible embodiment, the step of calculating the real-time score of each second substation according to a preset scoring policy includes:
acquiring first electric energy and second electric energy of the simulated electric network model, wherein the first electric energy is the electric energy of the simulated electric network model before the target substation is attacked, and the second electric energy is the electric energy of the simulated electric network model after the target substation is attacked;
and taking the difference value of the first electric energy and the second electric energy as a real-time score of the target transformer substation, wherein the target transformer substation is any one of all the second transformer substations.
In a possible implementation manner, the step of attacking at least one first substation in the simulated power network model according to a preset attack strategy further includes:
and attacking at least one target power transmission line in the simulation power network model according to a preset attack strategy, wherein the target power transmission line is a power transmission line externally connected with electric equipment.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an element identification apparatus for an electric power network, where the apparatus includes:
the generating module is used for generating a simulation power network model corresponding to a power network of an area to be identified, wherein the power network comprises a transformer substation and a power transmission line;
the attack module is used for acquiring the maximum load value and the initial working efficiency of each transformer substation and attacking at least one first transformer substation and/or at least one target transmission line in the simulation power network model according to a preset attack strategy, wherein the first transformer substation is a transformer substation with the initial working efficiency greater than or equal to the preset working efficiency, and the target transmission line is a transmission line externally connected with electric equipment;
the recovery module is used for recovering all second substations in the attacked first substations in the simulated power network model according to a preset recovery strategy, wherein the second substations are substations of which the first load values in the attacked first substations are smaller than or equal to the corresponding maximum load values;
and the identification module is used for calculating the real-time scores of the second substations according to a preset scoring strategy, and taking the second substations corresponding to the real-time scores greater than or equal to the preset scores as target elements in the simulation power network model.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer device, where the computer device includes a computer-readable storage medium and a processor, where the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the computer program implements the element identification method for an electric power network provided in the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by one or more processors, implements the element identification method for an electric power network provided by the first aspect.
According to the element identification method, the device, the equipment and the storage medium of the power network, the maximum load value and the initial working efficiency of each transformer substation in the simulation power network model are obtained, each transformer substation is attacked according to the preset attack strategy, then the attacked transformer substations are recovered according to the preset recovery strategy, the values of the transformer substations can be calculated after the attack and the recovery, the target elements in the simulation power network model are determined through the comparison of the values, and the target elements can be accurately identified by considering the operation and maintenance elasticity among power grids.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 illustrates a flowchart of a method of identifying an element of an electrical power network according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a model of a simulated power network model involved in an element identification method for a power network according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a model including a substation and a primary load according to an element identification method of an electric power network provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a model of an attacking power transmission line involved in an element identification method for a power network according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a model of cascading effect involved in an element identification method for an electric power network according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a power variation involved in an element identification method for an electric power network according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of power variation without consideration of the operation and maintenance flexibility of the power network;
fig. 9 shows a functional module schematic diagram of an element identification apparatus of an electric power network according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings or that the product of the present invention is used as it is, this is only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and it does not indicate or imply that the device or the element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer provided in the present embodiment, and the provided computer device 100 may be a computer device with data processing capability, and may also be an action executor in the following method embodiment of the present application. Such as a personal computer, a server, etc., mainly includes the element recognition apparatus 110, the memory 120 and the processor 130 of the power network. The elements of the memory 120 and the processor 130 are electrically connected to each other directly or indirectly to realize data transmission or interaction. For example, the components may be electrically connected to each other via one or more communication buses or signal lines. The computer device 100 includes at least one software function module which can be stored in the memory 120 in the form of software or Firmware (Firmware) or solidified in an Operating System (OS) of the computer device 100. The processor 130 is used to execute executable modules stored in the memory 120, such as software functional modules and computer programs included in the element identification device 110 of the power network.
The Memory 120 may be, but is not limited to, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM), an Erasable Read Only Memory (EPROM), an electrically Erasable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), and the like. The memory 120 is used for storing a program, and the processor 130 executes the program after receiving the execution instruction.
The processor 130 may be an integrated circuit chip having signal processing capabilities. The Processor may be a general-purpose Processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), and the like; but also Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) or other Programmable logic devices, discrete Gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The various methods, steps, and logic blocks disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented or performed. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 2 are a flowchart of a method for identifying an element of an electrical power network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and each step of the method for identifying an element of an electrical power network will be described in detail below.
S210, generating a simulation electric power network model corresponding to the electric power network of the area to be identified, wherein the simulation electric power network model comprises a transformer substation.
In the present embodiment, the operation of generating the simulated power network model can be realized by the computer apparatus 100 in the above-described embodiments. In consideration of the fact that the normal operation of the power network in real life is likely to be influenced and normal production and life power utilization is delayed when the power network in real life is directly operated, the embodiment simulates the power network in real life by establishing the simulation power network model, and the operation and the obtained result of the simulation power network model can be close to and applied to the actual power network. Different areas to be identified can be selected according to identification requirements, and different simulation power network models can be generated.
In addition, considering that in an actual power network, a power station is often an important protection object and has a very low possibility of being attacked, the present embodiment is mainly directed to an electricity utilization area in a simulation power network model, such as a substation, to perform operations such as identification of a target element, and is of practical significance.
To better show the simulation power network model in this embodiment, please refer to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating elements of a power network provided in this embodimentAnd identifying a model schematic diagram of the simulation power network model related to the method. Wherein the numbers 0-2 in the circle represent different power stations and the numbers 3-14 represent different substations, which can be used in this embodimentV i Is shown asiIndividual substations, e.g. 3 rd substationV 3 Numerals 15-24 represent different primary loads and numerals 25-49 represent different secondary loads, which may be used in this embodimentv j And representing the jth primary load or the secondary load, and a directed line segment in the simulation power network model represents a power transmission line.
In addition, the power station, the substation, the primary load and the secondary load can be regarded as nodes in the simulated power network model, wherein in the simulated power network model in the embodiment, in addition to the connection between the power station and the substation, the connection between the substation and the primary load, and the connection between the primary load and the secondary load, the substations can be connected as the substationV 22 And a transformer substationV 23 The first-level loads can be connected with each other, and the second-level loads can be directly connected with the second-level loads v 46 And a secondary loadv 47 And (4) connecting. The number of each power station and load in the simulated power network model in this embodiment is not limited to the simulated power network model shown in fig. 3, and different simulated power network models may be generated according to different areas.
S220, acquiring the maximum load value and the initial working efficiency of each transformer substation, and attacking at least one first transformer substation in the simulation power network model according to a preset attack strategy, wherein the first transformer substation has the initial working efficiency greater than or equal to the preset working efficiency.
In this embodiment, each substation in the simulated power network model is correspondingly provided with a maximum load value, generally, the maximum load values of different types of substations and substations connected with loads of different sizes are different, and the load capacity of each substation can be determined through the maximum load values. And before attacking each transformer substation, the initial working efficiency of each transformer substation needs to be obtained, and at least one first transformer substation needing to be attacked can be determined by comparing the initial working efficiency with the preset working efficiency, if the transformer substation with the initial working efficiency greater than 0 is selected as the first transformer substation.
The preset attack strategy may be understood as selecting the number of first substations to be attacked, may set a random selection algorithm to randomly select at least one first substation, and may also be selected by controlling the computer device 100 in the above embodiment by an operator.
In addition, if the attacked substation is the substationV i Considering that each attack often cannot completely destroy the substationV i Optionally, the preset attack policy in this embodiment may also be set for the substationV i Amount of destruction ofη att Wherein, in the step (A),η att the value range of (2) is between 0 and 1, and the transformer substation is subjected toaThe working efficiency after one attack isη(V i ) - η att Wherein, in the step (A),η (a)indicating substationaThe working efficiency before attack.
Optionally, the step of obtaining the maximum load value of each substation includes:
acquiring an initial load value of each transformer substation;
and calculating the maximum load value of each transformer substation according to the initial load value of each transformer substation and the preset maximum tolerance corresponding to each transformer substation.
Specifically, each transformer substation is set with a preset maximum tolerance, wherein the preset maximum tolerance can be used for calculating the maximum load value of the transformer substation, the preset maximum tolerances of different transformer substations can be different, and the obtained initial load value of each transformer substation is multiplied by the corresponding preset maximum tolerance to obtain the maximum load value of each transformer substation.
The step of obtaining the initial load value of each transformer substation comprises the following steps:
and acquiring the equipment load value of the electric equipment connected with each transformer substation, and calculating the initial load value of each transformer substation according to the equipment load value.
In this embodiment, still include power transmission line and power generation station in the simulation power network model, the power transmission line is used for connecting power generation station and transformer substation to and transformer substation and load, in actual life, the load not only can have a plurality ofly, still there are multistage load, the load through power transmission line and transformer substation lug connection can be called one-level load, the load through power transmission line and one-level load lug connection can be called second grade load, so on, can obtain multistage load, can count actual load according to actual conditions accuracy.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the device load value of the electrical device connected to each substation may be understood as a load value of the primary load. After the load value of the primary load is determined, the initial load value of each transformer substation can be calculated according to the load value of the primary load and the connection relation between the primary load and the transformer substation.
For example, referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic model diagram of a substation and a primary load involved in an element identification method of a power network according to an embodiment of the present application, where different numbers in a circle represent different loads, where numbers 4 to 7 represent different substations, which may be used as the first load and the second load V 4 、V 5 、V 6 AndV 7 it is shown that the numbers 15, 17 and 19 indicate three different primary loads, which can be usedv 15 、v 17 Andv 19 it is shown that the connecting lines with directional arrows represent power lines, which can be useda、b、c、d、eAndfand so on. To calculate the substationV 5 By way of example, the load value of (A) is directly related to the substation via the transmission lineV 5 Connected primary loadv 15 、v 17 Andv 19 wherein, in the connection relationship of the first-stage loads, the first-stage loadsv 15 Only with the substationV 5 Connecting, primary loadv 17 Remove and transformer substationV 5 In addition to connection, the connection also respectively with the transformer substationV 4 And a transformer substationV 7 Connecting, primary loadv 19 Remove and transformer substationV 5 Is connected with a transformer substationV 6 And (4) connecting. First order loadv 15 Has a load value of 0.35, and is supplied to a substationV 5 And (5) supplying power. First order loadv 17 Has a load value of 1.65, and is supplied to a transformer substationV 4 、V 5 AndV 7 and (5) supplying power. First order loadv 19 Has a load value of 1.8, and is supplied to a transformer substationV 5 AndV 6 supply of power, wherein the load of the primary loadv 19 Can be changed into a transformer substationV 5 AndV 6 and sharing and undertaking.
I.e. with a primary loadv 15 The number of connected transformer substations is 1, and the primary loadsv 17 The number of connected substations is 3, and the primary loadv 19 The number of connected substations is 2, if a primary load has been obtainedv 15 First order loadv 17 And a primary loadv 19 Are respectively 0.35, 1.2 and 1.8, then the substationV 5 Initial load value of L 5 =0.35+1.2/3+1.8/2=1.65。
In addition, if the transformer substationV 5 Preset maximum tolerance ofM=1.5, then transformer substationV 5 Has a maximum load value ofML 5 =1.5 × 1.65= 2.475. In this embodiment, the load value can be expressed by power, and the unit of power can be selectedW、KW、MW、GWAndTWthe selection can be specifically made according to the actual load condition.
And S230, restoring a second substation in all the attacked first substations in the simulation power network model according to a preset restoration strategy, wherein the second substation is the substation of which the first load value in the attacked first substation is less than or equal to the corresponding maximum load value.
In the above embodiment, at least one first substation has been attacked, and it is considered that when a substation in the real power network fails due to device aging or external attack, the power network itself has operation and maintenance elasticity and has certain capability of fast recovery and continuous operation. According to the embodiment, a preset recovery strategy is adopted to recover a part of attacked first substations in the simulation power network model, so that the operation and maintenance elasticity of the simulation power network model can be embodied, and the simulation power network model is closer to a real power network.
Specifically, the recovered second substation in this embodiment is a substation in which the first load value in the first substation after the attack is less than or equal to the corresponding maximum load value, and considering that the substation in which the first load value in the first substation after the attack is greater than the corresponding maximum load value has lost the capability of normal operation, the substation may be removed from the simulated power network model and not recovered.
S240, calculating real-time scores of the second substations according to a preset scoring strategy, and taking the second substations corresponding to the real-time scores larger than or equal to the preset scores as target elements in the simulation power network model.
The embodiment can calculate the real-time score of the restored second substation, and it can be understood that the load of the restored second substation and the influence on the simulation power network model may change to different degrees. Further, the influence of the second substation on the simulated power network model can be evaluated according to the change conditions, specifically, the magnitude of the influence can be judged according to the calculated real-time score, the calculated computer device 100 stores a preset score, the preset score can be compared with the calculated real-time score, and the second substation corresponding to the real-time score larger than or equal to the preset score is used as a target element in the simulated power network model.
It should be noted that the target element in this embodiment may be understood as an element that has a large influence on the simulated power network model, for example, a failure of the target element itself or a failure caused by an external attack may significantly reduce the normal operating efficiency of the simulated power network, and may even cause a large-scale failure of the simulated power network model. After the target elements in the simulation power network model are determined, early warning can be timely carried out before the simulation power network is abnormal, protection on the target elements is enhanced, the phenomenon that the simulation power network model has large-scale faults is further avoided, and the importance of the simulation power network model applied to a real power network is self-evident.
According to the analysis, the element identification method of the power network provided by the embodiment of the application can generate a simulation power network model close to a real power network, attack and recover the transformer substation in the simulation power network model, determine the target element according to the real-time score after the recovery is calculated, consider the operation and maintenance elasticity of the real power network, improve the reliability and accuracy of the determined target element by the recovery operation in the simulation power network model, give an early warning to the target element in the simulation power network model in time, avoid large-scale faults of the simulation power network model, and has great practical significance.
In a possible embodiment, the step of restoring, in the simulated power network model, a second substation of all the attacked first substations according to a preset restoration policy includes:
acquiring target working efficiency of a second transformer substation;
according to the target working efficiency of the second substationnCalculating the power recovery quantity of each second substation by using the secondary function;
and executing recovery operation on the second substation according to the power recovery amount.
The target working efficiency in this embodiment is actually the working efficiency of the first substation after being attacked. Generally, the work efficiency of the transformer substation before and after being attacked is different, the transformer substation with more primary loads is more important in the simulation power network model, accordingly, the restoration is relatively difficult, in the process of restoring the transformer substation, the restoration speed is not a simple linear process, but is relatively slow in the early stage of restoration, and the restoration speed can be gradually accelerated along with the advance of the restoration time.
Specifically, according to the practical recovery process, a nonlinear automatic recovery function is designed and used for calculating the power recovery amount of the corresponding substation, and the recovery of the corresponding substation is realized. Also, the amount of damage in the above embodiments may be based on the initial operating efficiency and the amount of damageη att To calculate the target work efficiency.
Illustratively, the non-linear automatic recovery function may be designed with respect to a target work efficiencynThe function of degree:
f(η)= η n ，
wherein, in the present example,f(η)the amount of recovery is expressed as a function of,ηthe target work efficiency is represented as a result of,nrepresents an order andngreater than 1.
Then, for the firstiA second substationV i Amount of recovery ofr(V i )Comprises the following steps:
r(V i )=f(η(V i ) + 0.1) - f(η(V i ))，
if the second transformer substation is attackedV i For efficiency ofη t (V i )Indicating, the second substation after restorationV i For efficiency ofη t+1 (V i )And then:
η t+1 (V i )=min（1，η t (V i )+ r(V i )） 。
in a real power network, when one or some substations break down, other substations may be affected, load is increased, and even overload occurs, and then a cascading failure phenomenon occurs. Optionally, after the step of restoring all the second substations in the attacked first substations in the simulated power network model according to the preset restoration strategy, the method further includes:
and if detecting that at least two third substations exist in the simulation power network model, judging that a cascading failure phenomenon occurs, wherein the third substations are substations of which the second load values are larger than the corresponding maximum load values in all the first substations.
The third substation in this embodiment is a substation in which the load value of the at least one first substation is attacked or is not greater than the corresponding maximum load value, and may be understood as a substation in which the load value of the at least one first substation is not attacked and exceeds the corresponding maximum load value due to the attack of the at least one substation. If a third substation appears in the simulated power network model, the computer device 100 may determine that the current simulated power network model has a cascading failure phenomenon. Moreover, the cascading failure phenomenon occurs after at least one transformer substation is attacked, and the attacked transformer substation can be judged to be a more important transformer substation in the simulation power grid part model.
In addition, it should be noted that, in the recovery gap between the first substation and the second substation under the first attack, the cascading failure phenomenon in this embodiment is also alleviated, and the simulated power network model is reconstructed with probability, so that the identification of the target element in the simulated power network model in this situation can further improve the rationality of the identification of the target element, and is more suitable for a real power network.
Optionally, the step of calculating the real-time score of each second substation according to a preset scoring policy includes:
acquiring first electric energy and second electric energy of the simulated electric network model, wherein the first electric energy is the electric energy of the simulated electric network model before the target substation is attacked, and the second electric energy is the electric energy of the simulated electric network model after the target substation is attacked;
and taking the difference value of the first electric energy and the second electric energy as a real-time score of the target transformer substation, wherein the target transformer substation is any one of all second transformer substations.
The preset scoring strategy in the embodiment calculates the real-time score of the target substation by comparing the change of the electric energy in the simulation power network model before and after the substation is attacked, wherein the unit of the electric energy is kilowatt-hour. Specifically, when a target substation in the simulated power network model is attacked, the more the power supply situation in the simulated power network model is damaged, the more important the target substation is in the simulated power network model, and the important protection is needed. In this embodiment, the higher the real-time score calculated by the preset scoring policy is, the more important the target substation corresponding to the real-time score is.
Exemplarily, if the first substation under attack is a substationV i The electric energy of the simulation electric power network model before attack isW 1 The residual power of the simulated power network model after the attack isW 2 Then transformer substationV i Is given as a real-time score ofW 1 - W 2 。
In the embodiment, the power transmission line is also included in the simulation power network model, besides the operation of attacking and recovering the transformer substation, and the phenomenon that the normal operation of the simulation power network model is affected even a large-area fault is caused when the power transmission line is in fault.
Besides attacking the transformer substation and calculating the target elements in the simulation model, the power transmission line in the simulation power network model is considered to be an attack object, and the method is also important for normal operation of the simulation power network model.
In a possible implementation manner, the step of attacking at least one first substation in the simulated power network model according to a preset attack strategy further includes:
and attacking at least one target power transmission line in the simulation power network model according to a preset attack strategy, wherein the target power transmission line is a power transmission line externally connected with electric equipment.
The method can attack a target power transmission line in a simulation power network model, when an attack object is the target power transmission line, the target power transmission line can be directly damaged, the power transmission line is removed from the simulation power network model, when a certain one-level load connected with the target power transmission line is supplied with power by at least two substations, if one target power transmission line is damaged, the one-level load only receives power supplied by one substation, the load of the substation for supplying power is increased, the steps of recovering the second substation and calculating the real-time score of each second substation according to a preset scoring strategy in the embodiment need to be repeated, the important target power transmission line in the simulation power network model can be determined, and the important target power transmission line can also be used as a target element in the simulation power network model. The detailed steps can refer to the above embodiments, which are not repeated herein.
To sum up, the element identification method for the power network provided by the embodiment of the application can generate a simulation power network model close to a real power network, attack and recover the transformer substation and/or the power transmission line in the simulation power network model, and determine the target element according to the calculated recovered real-time score, so that the operation and maintenance elasticity of the real power network is considered, the recovery operation in the simulation power network model can improve the reliability and accuracy of the determined target element, and timely early warning is performed on the target element in the simulation power network model, thereby avoiding large-scale faults of the simulation power network model, and having great practical significance.
In order to better explain the principle of the element identification method of the power network provided by the embodiment of the present application, the following explanation is made by specific examples.
Firstly, generating a simulation power network model as shown in fig. 3, and if it is determined that the first substation to be attacked is in the simulation power network model according to the initial working efficiencyIn the form corresponding to that in FIG. 4V 4 、V 5 、V 6 AndV 7 the target transmission line isV 4 And a first-order loadv 17 Inter transmission linea、V 5 Respectively associated with a first-stage loadv 15 、v 17 Andv 19 inter transmission line b、cAndd、V 6 and a first-order loadv 19 Inter transmission lineeAnd, andV 7 and a first-order loadv 17 Power transmission linef。
The initial load value and the maximum load value of each node are as follows:
TABLE 1
| Node point | v 15 | v 17 | v 19 | V 4 | V 5 | V 6 | V 7 |
| Initial load value | 0.35 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 1.65 | 0.9 | 0.4 |
| Maximum load value | / | / | / | 0.6 | 2.475 | 1.35 | 0.6 |
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,v 15 、v 17 、v 19 the load is a first-level load and belongs to a power utilization area, and the required load is generally constant and has no maximum load value.
To compute a nodeV 5 For example, if the primary load node is knownv 15 、v 17 Andv 19 are respectively 0.35, 1.2 and 1.8, the nodeV 5 Predetermined tolerance ofK 5 =1.5Then nodeV 5 Initial load value ofL(V 5 )Comprises the following steps:
L(V 5 )=0.35+1.2/3+1.8/2=1.65，
node pointV 5 Maximum load value ofML(V 5 )Comprises the following steps:
ML(V 5 )=K 5 *L(V 5 )=1.3*1.65=2.475。
setting a preset recovery strategy and calculating the power recovery quantity of the corresponding power station, wherein the preset power recovery function isf (η)=η n Is provided withn=3, if at alliElectric power stationV i The efficiency after being attacked isη(V i )Amount of power recovery thereofr(V i )Comprises the following steps:
r(V i )=[η(V i )+0.1] 3 -η(V i ) 3 。
then, a power station to be attacked is selected in the first substationV i And attack the power stationV i . To attack the substationV 6 For example, the destruction amount isη att Transformer substationV 6 Is 1, the attacked substationV 6 Working efficiency ofη(V 6 )=1- η att . And then, load values of all the substations can be calculated, and whether the cascading failure phenomenon occurs or not can be judged. Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a model of an attacking power line involved in an element identification method of a power network according to an embodiment of the present application, where the attacking power line is a power line bThe transmission line is destroyed directly, and the transmission line is removed in the simulation power network modelbAnd (4) finishing.
Specifically, the attack is carried out on the transformer substation, and the transformer substation is still usedV 6 For example, a predetermined tolerance is setK 6 =1.35, if the amount of damage isη att =0.1, then transformer substationV 6 The initial working efficiency after attack is 0.9, the corresponding maximum load value is 0.9 x 1.35=1.215, still greater than the substationV 6 Current load value of 0.9, substationV 6 The current load value of the load controller does not exceed the maximum load value, and the load controller can work normally.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a model for cascading effect related to an element identification method of an electric power network according to an embodiment of the present application. If the amount of damageη att =0.35, then transformer substationV 6 The initial operating efficiency after the attack is 0.65, and the corresponding maximum load value is 0.65 × 1.35=0.8776, at this time, the substationV 6 The current load value of 0.9 is greater than the maximum load value, the transformer substationV 6 Failure, no longer working, and substationV 5 Node needing to bear primary loadv 19 All loads of, the substationV 5 Becomes 0.35+1.2/3+1.8=2.55, since the substation has been calculated in the above embodimentV 5 Has a maximum load value of 2.475, it follows that the substationV 6 After being attacked and failed, the transformer substation V 5 Exceeds its maximum negativeLoad value, transformer stationV 5 And failure, in which case it can be determined that a cascading failure phenomenon has occurred.
Then, respectively at the destruction levelη att =0.1 andη att =0.35 hour, calculate and resume the converting stationV 6 The work efficiency of (2). When amount of damageη att =0.1 hour, work efficiency after attackη t (V 6 )=0.9，Corresponding recovery amount r: (V 6 ) And work efficiency after recoveryη t+1 (V 6 )Respectively as follows:
r(V 6 )=(0.9+0.1)3-(0.9)3=0.271，
η t+1 (V 6 )=min(1，0.9+0.271)=1。
accordingly, when the amount of damage isη att =0.35 hours, work efficiency after attackη t (V 6 )=0.65，Corresponding recovery amount r: (V 6 ) And work efficiency after recoveryη t+1 (V 6 )0.14725 and 0.797, respectively. Due to the transformer substationV 6 Can help the transformer substationV 5 Sharing a first level loadv 19 The power consumption can be understood to generate a cascade recovery effect, and the transformer substationV 5 And the operation is recovered, and the power supply is continuously supplied to the primary load.
Finally, scoring the attacked transmission line and/or the attacked and recovered substation can compare the electric energy of the simulated power network model before and after the attack of the transmission line and/or the substation, and in this example, the electric energy of the simulated power network can be represented by the load value of the primary load connected to each substation for convenience of calculation.
Still attack the substationV 6 For example, simulating power of a power network before an attackW 1 =1.2+0.35+1.8=3.35, amount of damage when attacking η att =0.1, electric energy of the simulated power network model after attackW 2 =3.35, transformer substationV 6 Is scored asW 1 - W 2 And =0. When the attack is destructiveη att When =0.35, transformer substationV 6 After failure, the power can work normally through recovery, and the power of the power network model can be simulated after attackW 2 =3.35, transformer substationV 6 Is scored asW 1 -W 2 And =0. When directly attacking the transmission linebWhen the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,W 2 =1.2+1.8=3, transmission linebIs scored asW 1 -W 2 =0.35, if the preset score is set to be 0.3, the transmission linebCan be used as a target element in a simulation power network model. Other substations may also be attacked and identified as target elements in the simulated power network model.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, in which fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an electrical energy change involved in an element identification method of an electrical network according to an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an electrical energy change without considering operation and maintenance elasticity of the electrical network. The ordinate represents the electric energy, the unit is kilowatt-hour, the abscissa represents the attack times, and the unit is times. In actual operation, multiple rounds of attacks can be performed on the simulation power network model, and it can be found that the power network considering the operation and maintenance elasticity is completely paralyzed after about 50 attacks, while the power network not considering the operation and maintenance elasticity is completely paralyzed after about 30 attacks, so that the power network considering the operation and maintenance elasticity is more realistic and has important practical significance.
Corresponding to the embodiment of the method, the application also provides an element identification device of the power network.
Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a functional module schematic diagram of an element identification device of an electrical network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the element identification device 900 of the electrical network may be the element identification device 110 of the electrical network in the above embodiment. The element identification apparatus 900 of the power network includes:
a generating module 910, configured to generate a simulated power network model corresponding to a power network of an area to be identified, where the power network includes a substation and a power transmission line;
the attack module 920 is configured to obtain a maximum load value and initial working efficiency of each substation, and attack at least one first substation and/or at least one target transmission line in the simulated power network model according to a preset attack strategy, where the first substation is a substation with initial working efficiency greater than or equal to preset working efficiency, and the target transmission line is a transmission line externally connected to a power consumption device;
a recovery module 930, configured to recover, in the simulated power network model, a second substation in all the attacked first substations according to a preset recovery strategy, where the second substation is a substation in which a first load value in the attacked first substation is less than or equal to a corresponding maximum load value;
And the identification module 940 is used for calculating the real-time score of each second substation according to a preset scoring strategy, and taking the second substation corresponding to the real-time score which is greater than or equal to the preset score as a target element in the simulation power network model.
The element recognition device of the power network provided by the embodiment of the application can generate a simulation power network model close to a real power network, attack and recovery are carried out on a transformer substation in the simulation power network model, the target element is determined according to the real-time score after the target element is recovered, the operation and maintenance elasticity of the real power network is considered, the reliability and the accuracy of the determined target element can be improved through recovery operation in the simulation power network model, timely early warning is carried out on the target element in the simulation power network model, large-scale faults of the simulation power network model are avoided, and the device is significant in reality.
An embodiment of the present application further discloses a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the apparatus for identifying an element of an electric power network as described in the method embodiment is implemented.
For a specific implementation process of the device for identifying an element of an electrical power network, the computer device, and the computer-readable storage medium provided in this embodiment, reference may be made to the specific implementation process of the method for identifying an element of an electrical power network, which is not described in detail herein.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method of identifying elements of an electrical power network, the method comprising:
generating a simulation power network model corresponding to a power network of an area to be identified, wherein the simulation power network model comprises a transformer substation;
acquiring the maximum load value and the initial working efficiency of each transformer substation, and attacking at least one first transformer substation in the simulation power network model according to a preset attack strategy, wherein the first transformer substation has the initial working efficiency greater than or equal to the preset working efficiency;
Restoring a second substation in all the attacked first substations in the simulated power network model according to a preset restoration strategy, wherein the second substation is a substation of which the first load value in the attacked first substation is less than or equal to the corresponding maximum load value;
calculating the real-time score of each second substation according to a preset scoring strategy, and taking the second substation corresponding to the real-time score which is greater than or equal to the preset score as a target element in the simulation power network model;
the step of calculating the real-time score of each second substation according to a preset scoring strategy comprises the following steps:
acquiring first electric energy and second electric energy of the simulated electric network model, wherein the first electric energy is the electric energy of the simulated electric network model before the target substation is attacked, and the second electric energy is the electric energy of the simulated electric network model after the target substation is attacked;
and taking the difference value of the first electric energy and the second electric energy as a real-time score of the target transformer substation, wherein the target transformer substation is any one of all second transformer substations.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the maximum load value of each substation comprises:
Acquiring an initial load value of each transformer substation;
and calculating the maximum load value of each transformer substation according to the initial load value of each transformer substation and the preset maximum tolerance corresponding to each transformer substation.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step of obtaining the initial load value of each substation comprises:
and acquiring the equipment load value of the electric equipment connected with each transformer substation, and calculating the initial load value of each transformer substation according to the equipment load value.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of restoring, in the simulated power network model, the second substation of all attacked first substations according to the preset restoration strategy comprises:
acquiring target working efficiency of a second transformer substation;
calculating the power recovery quantity of each second transformer substation according to the n-th function of the target working efficiency of the second transformer substation;
and executing recovery operation on the second substation according to the power recovery amount.
5. The method for identifying elements of an electrical power network of claim 1, wherein after the step of restoring, in the simulated electrical power network model, the second one of the all attacked first substations according to the preset restoration policy, the method further comprises:
And if at least two third substations exist in the simulation power network model, judging that the cascade failure phenomenon occurs, wherein the third substations are substations of which the second load values are larger than the corresponding maximum load values in all the first substations.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the simulated power network model further comprises a power transmission line, and wherein the step of attacking at least one first substation in the simulated power network model according to a preset attack strategy further comprises:
and attacking at least one target power transmission line in the simulation power network model according to a preset attack strategy, wherein the target power transmission line is a power transmission line externally connected with electric equipment.
7. An element identification device of an electric power network, characterized in that the device comprises:
the generating module is used for generating a simulation power network model corresponding to a power network of an area to be identified, wherein the power network comprises a transformer substation and a power transmission line;
the attack module is used for acquiring the maximum load value and the initial working efficiency of each transformer substation and attacking at least one first transformer substation and/or at least one target transmission line in the simulation power network model according to a preset attack strategy, wherein the first transformer substation is a transformer substation of which the initial working efficiency is greater than or equal to the preset working efficiency, and the target transmission line is a transmission line externally connected with electric equipment;
The recovery module is used for recovering all second substations in the attacked first substations in the simulated power network model according to a preset recovery strategy, wherein the second substations are substations of which the first load values in the attacked first substations are smaller than or equal to the corresponding maximum load values;
the identification module is used for calculating the real-time scores of the second substations according to a preset scoring strategy, and taking the second substations corresponding to the real-time scores greater than or equal to the preset scores as target elements in the simulation power network model;
the identification module is further specifically configured to obtain first electric energy and second electric energy of the simulated electric power network model, where the first electric energy is electric energy of the simulated electric power network model before the target substation is attacked, and the second electric energy is electric energy of the simulated electric power network model after the target substation is attacked;
and taking the difference value of the first electric energy and the second electric energy as a real-time score of the target transformer substation, wherein the target transformer substation is any one of all second transformer substations.
8. A computer arrangement, characterized in that the computer arrangement comprises a computer-readable storage medium and a processor, the computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by the processor, carries out the method for element identification of an electric power network of any one of claims 1-6.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by one or more processors, implements the element identification method of an electric power network of any one of claims 1-6.
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