CN114254415A - Building construction method based on BIM preset model - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a building construction method based on a BIM preset model, which can be used for presetting a building model in advance, grasping the position of electromechanical equipment, carrying out structural design and position optimization in advance, finding problem points in advance, reducing subsequent rework cost, considering the size of each detailed position of a unified BIM model and reducing the deviation of the whole project.

Description

Building construction method based on BIM preset model

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of building construction, in particular to a building construction method based on a BIM preset model.

Background

When the traditional building industry is building some large-scale buildings such as hospitals, more equipment such as pipelines for water supply, heating ventilation, electricity, fire fighting and the like and various civil engineering and electromechanical equipment are installed, and when the equipment is installed, the problems that the basement space is small, various comprehensive pipelines exist in the hospitals and the construction difficulty is caused are discovered when major structures such as hospitalization buildings, medical technology buildings, outpatient buildings and the like are completed day by day and the equipment is needed to be installed.

In addition, in the construction process, drawings are required to be replaced at any time according to the actual size of the site, and for the existing CAD drawing mode, a plurality of drawings can be replaced by changing a small data, so that great inconvenience is brought to construction units, and the construction period is prolonged; the construction interval, the overhaul space, the net height and the like of various pipelines and equipment all need to meet the requirements of site construction, a model is not preset in the prior art, the problems can be solved in time and avoided, and therefore a building construction method capable of presetting the model and improving the installation quality is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems, and provides a building construction method based on a BIM preset model, which can be used for presetting a building model in advance, grasping the position of electromechanical equipment, carrying out structural design and position optimization in advance, finding problem points in advance, reducing subsequent rework cost, considering the size of each detailed position of the unified BIM model and reducing the deviation of the whole project.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a building construction method based on a BIM preset model comprises the following steps: s1: building a house civil engineering BIM model, and building an integral structure according to the house civil engineering BIM model; s2: measuring the size of the structure on site, and controlling the error of the actual structure within a tolerance range; introducing actual structure dimensions with structure errors out of tolerance into the building civil BIM model in S1; s3: rechecking and correcting the building civil engineering BIM according to the actual structure size; s4: independently establishing an electromechanical BIM model, and independently checking the BIM electromechanical model; the electromechanical model comprises a pipeline model and an equipment model; s5: integrating the electromechanical BIM model and the house civil engineering BIM model in S3, and performing collision inspection; s6: if the collision point occurs, adjusting and optimizing the structural size or the installation position of the electromechanical BIM model according to the condition of the collision point until the collision point does not occur; if no collision point occurs, directly carrying out the subsequent step; s7: modeling and calculating the quantity of the electromechanical BIM model, and purchasing materials according to the quantity; s8: and installing the electromechanical equipment and the pipeline into the built integral structure of the house, rechecking according to the actual installation condition, and finishing the installation of the electromechanical equipment and the pipeline after the rechecking is qualified. The house model can be preset in advance, the position of electromechanical equipment is grasped, structural design and position optimization are made in advance, problem points are found in advance, follow-up rework cost is reduced, the unified BIM model can take the size of each detail position into account, and the deviation of the whole project is reduced.

Preferably, the method further comprises the step of identifying and distinguishing the civil BIM model and the electromechanical BIM model according to the component family to form the filter system. Other people can understand the drawing conveniently, and the processing technology difficulty is reduced.

Preferably, in step S5, the distance between the strong current and the weak current bridges is not less than 0.3m, and the distance between the pipes is not less than 0.1 m.

Preferably, before step S8, the method further comprises building a support hanger BIM model, and pre-installing a support hanger before installing the pipeline, wherein the support hanger is used for fixing the pipeline to the beam. The arrangement route of the pipeline can be optimized, the optimal support and hanger arrangement mode is calculated in advance, and arrangement is made in advance at the position where the support and hanger are required to be installed.

Preferably, the bearing condition of each support hanger and the arrangement position of each support hanger are judged according to various pipeline BIM models, and then the structure of each support hanger is designed according to the bearing condition of each support hanger and the arrangement position. The mounting surface structures at different positions are different, and the types, the number and the sizes of pipelines at different positions are different, so that the structure of the support hanger needs to be designed in advance according to a BIM model.

Preferably, the drawing colors of the pipelines are different, and the different pipelines are distinguished through colors. In the actual construction process, a colored printer is needed to print construction drawings, so that accurate construction by constructors is facilitated.

Preferably, step S8 includes correcting the installation position of the pipe in the BIM model according to the actual construction conditions, wherein the correction interval is ± 5 cm. Since the field construction cannot be the same as the geometric dimensions given by the drawing, after the construction, the actual dimensions need to be measured again and imported into the BIM model for collision detection again.

Preferably, in step S4, in the process of building the pipeline model, a space for the pipe branch to be bent and three-way is reserved. The pipeline is arranged complicatedly, and according to the BIM model, the pipeline can be known in advance at what position and needs to be turned over and bent, and what position needs to be provided with the tee joint connecting piece, so that a lot of troubles can be reduced, and the construction period can be shortened.

Preferably, in step S4, the modeling sequence includes one or more of a long pipeline to a temporary pipeline, a pressureless pipe to a high-pressure pipe to a low-pressure pipe, a non-metal pipe to a metal pipe, a freezing pipe to a hot water pipe to a cold water pipe, and a drain pipe to a water supply pipe; the reason is that longer pipelines require better stability, which is more important; the non-pressure pipelines such as domestic sewage, excrement sewage drain pipe, rain drain pipe and condensate drain pipe all drain by gravity. Therefore, the horizontal pipe section must keep a certain gradient and cannot be randomly raised or lowered, when the horizontal pipe section is crossed with a pressure pipe, the pressure pipe should avoid a pressureless pipe, and meanwhile, the high-pressure pipe is higher in manufacturing cost than the low-pressure pipe, so that the low-pressure pipe should avoid the high-pressure pipe; because the metal pipe is easy to bend, cut and connect and has high installation flexibility, the non-metal pipe should be installed firstly; because the diameter of the freezing pipe is larger, the freezing pipe is short and straight, the process is facilitated, the cost is saved, the freezing pipe is firstly installed, the heat preservation cost of the hot water pipe is higher than that of the cold water pipe, then the hot water pipe is installed, and finally the cold water pipe is installed; because the drain pipe is mostly gravity flow and dirt in the pipe is easy to block, the drain pipe needs to be installed in preference to the water supply pipe.

Preferably, the structure size reviewed in step S8 is introduced into a BIM model, and a secondary calculation is performed, and the secondary calculation is compared with an actually used material, thereby analyzing a material waste rate and a material waste cause. The whole project can be summarized, the defects can be checked and repaired, and the improvement of professional experience is facilitated.

Preferably, in step S8, a large-section and large-diameter large-footprint pipeline is established, and then a small-footprint pipeline is established in sequence. Because the small pipeline has low manufacturing cost and is easy to install, the pipeline with the large section and the large diameter needs large installation space, and the small pipeline is installed after the large pipeline is installed, so that the design is easier.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of adopting the technical scheme are as follows: the invention discloses a building construction method based on a BIM preset model, which comprises the following steps: s1: building a house civil engineering BIM model, and building an integral structure according to the house civil engineering BIM model; s2: measuring the size of the structure on site, and controlling the error of the actual structure within a tolerance range; introducing actual structure dimensions with structure errors out of tolerance into the building civil BIM model in S1; s3: rechecking and correcting the building civil engineering BIM according to the actual structure size; s4: independently establishing an electromechanical BIM model, and independently checking the BIM electromechanical model; the electromechanical model comprises a pipeline model and an equipment model; s5: integrating the electromechanical BIM model and the house civil engineering BIM model in S3, and performing collision inspection; s6: if the collision point occurs, adjusting and optimizing the structural size or the installation position of the electromechanical BIM model according to the condition of the collision point until the collision point does not occur; if no collision point occurs, directly carrying out the subsequent step; s7: modeling and calculating the quantity of the electromechanical BIM model, and purchasing materials according to the quantity; s8: and installing the electromechanical equipment and the pipeline into the built integral structure of the house, rechecking according to the actual installation condition, and finishing the installation of the electromechanical equipment and the pipeline after the rechecking is qualified. The house model can be preset in advance, the position of electromechanical equipment is grasped, structural design and position optimization are made in advance, problem points are found in advance, follow-up rework cost is reduced, the unified BIM model can take the size of each detail position into account, and the deviation of the whole project is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram of the method steps of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1: referring to fig. 1, a building construction method based on a BIM preset model according to the present embodiment includes the following steps: s1: building a house civil engineering BIM model, and building an integral structure according to the house civil engineering BIM model; s2: measuring the size of the structure on site, and controlling the error of the actual structure within a tolerance range; introducing actual structure dimensions with structure errors out of tolerance into the building civil BIM model in S1; s3: rechecking and correcting the building civil engineering BIM according to the actual structure size; s4: independently establishing an electromechanical BIM model, and independently checking the BIM electromechanical model; the electromechanical model comprises a pipeline model and an equipment model; s5: integrating the electromechanical BIM model and the house civil engineering BIM model in S3, and performing collision inspection; s6: if the collision point occurs, adjusting and optimizing the structural size or the installation position of the electromechanical BIM model according to the condition of the collision point until the collision point does not occur; if no collision point occurs, directly carrying out the subsequent step; s7: modeling and calculating the quantity of the electromechanical BIM model, and purchasing materials according to the quantity; s8: and installing the electromechanical equipment and the pipeline into the built integral structure of the house, rechecking according to the actual installation condition, and finishing the installation of the electromechanical equipment and the pipeline after the rechecking is qualified. The house model can be preset in advance, the position of electromechanical equipment is grasped, structural design and position optimization are made in advance, problem points are found in advance, follow-up rework cost is reduced, the unified BIM model can take the size of each detail position into account, and the deviation of the whole project is reduced.

Example 2: the embodiment also includes identifying and distinguishing the civil BIM model and the electromechanical BIM model according to the component family to form a filter system. Other people can understand the drawing conveniently, and the processing technology difficulty is reduced. In step S5, the distance between the strong current bridge and the weak current bridge is not less than 0.3m, and the distance between the pipes is not less than 0.1 m. This embodiment further includes, before step S8, building a support hanger BIM model, and pre-installing a support hanger before installing the pipeline, the support hanger being used to fix the pipeline to the beam. The arrangement route of the pipeline can be optimized, the optimal support and hanger arrangement mode is calculated in advance, and arrangement is made in advance at the position where the support and hanger are required to be installed. In the embodiment, the bearing condition of each support hanger and the arrangement position of each support hanger are judged according to various pipeline BIM models, and the structure of each support hanger is designed according to the bearing condition of each support hanger and the arrangement position. The mounting surface structures at different positions are different, and the types, the number and the sizes of pipelines at different positions are different, so that the structure of the support hanger needs to be designed in advance according to a BIM model.

Example 3: the drawing colors of various pipelines of this embodiment are different, and different pipelines are distinguished through the color. In the actual construction process, a colored printer is needed to print construction drawings, so that accurate construction by constructors is facilitated. In step S8, the present embodiment includes correcting the installation position of the pipe in the BIM model according to the actual construction conditions, and the correction interval is ± 5 cm. Since the field construction cannot be the same as the geometric dimensions given by the drawing, after the construction, the actual dimensions need to be measured again and imported into the BIM model for collision detection again. In step S4, in the process of building the pipeline model, a space for bending and three-way connection is reserved for the pipeline branch. The pipeline is arranged complicatedly, and according to the BIM model, the pipeline can be known in advance at what position and needs to be turned over and bent, and what position needs to be provided with the tee joint connecting piece, so that a lot of troubles can be reduced, and the construction period can be shortened.

Example 4: in step S4, the modeling sequence includes one or more of a long pipeline to a temporary pipeline, a pressureless pipe to a high-pressure pipe to a low-pressure pipe, a non-metal pipe to a metal pipe, a freezing pipe to a hot water pipe to a cold water pipe, and a drain pipe to a water supply pipe; the reason is that longer pipelines require better stability, which is more important; the non-pressure pipelines such as domestic sewage, excrement sewage drain pipe, rain drain pipe and condensate drain pipe all drain by gravity. Therefore, the horizontal pipe section must keep a certain gradient and cannot be randomly raised or lowered, when the horizontal pipe section is crossed with a pressure pipe, the pressure pipe should avoid a pressureless pipe, and meanwhile, the high-pressure pipe is higher in manufacturing cost than the low-pressure pipe, so that the low-pressure pipe should avoid the high-pressure pipe; because the metal pipe is easy to bend, cut and connect and has high installation flexibility, the non-metal pipe should be installed firstly; because the diameter of the freezing pipe is larger, the freezing pipe is short and straight, the process is facilitated, the cost is saved, the freezing pipe is firstly installed, the heat preservation cost of the hot water pipe is higher than that of the cold water pipe, then the hot water pipe is installed, and finally the cold water pipe is installed; because the drain pipe is mostly gravity flow and dirt in the pipe is easy to block, the drain pipe needs to be installed in preference to the water supply pipe. In step S8, the present embodiment establishes a large-diameter large-area duct having a large cross section, and then sequentially establishes small-area ducts. Because the small pipeline has low manufacturing cost and is easy to install, the pipeline with the large section and the large diameter needs large installation space, and the small pipeline is installed after the large pipeline is installed, so that the design is easier.

In the field of traditional pipeline installation, the principle that first descending is strong and then descending is affected is basically taught, the difficulty of installation is higher and higher after the pipeline installation, the later installation risk and cost are higher and higher, and labor and economic disputes caused by mutual non-concession are serious; now, through the building of the BIM model, the collision situation can be deduced according to the BIM model, the drawing can be modified for improvement, and the scene can be informed of which position is easy to collide. All construction information in the BIM can be identified through software, and the actual engineering quantity is only needed to be rapidly counted through software functions, so that the effect of one-key quantity is achieved, and compared with the manual size calculation quantity of the CAD, the calculation quantity of the CAD is more rapid, convenient, accurate and efficient.

Example 5: in this embodiment, the structure size reviewed in step S8 is introduced into the BIM model, and the secondary calculation amount is calculated, and compared with the actually used material, the material waste rate and the reason for the material waste are analyzed. The whole project can be summarized, the defects can be checked and repaired, and the improvement of professional experience is facilitated.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (10)

1. A building construction method based on a BIM preset model is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: building a house civil engineering BIM model, and building an integral structure according to the house civil engineering BIM model;

s2: measuring the size of the structure on site, and controlling the error of the actual structure within a tolerance range; introducing actual structure dimensions with structure errors out of tolerance into the building civil BIM model in S1;

s3: rechecking and correcting the building civil engineering BIM according to the actual structure size;

s4: independently establishing an electromechanical BIM model, and independently checking the BIM electromechanical model; the electromechanical model comprises a pipeline model and an equipment model;

s5: integrating the electromechanical BIM model and the house civil engineering BIM model in S3, and performing collision inspection;

s6: if the collision point occurs, adjusting and optimizing the structural size or the installation position of the electromechanical BIM model according to the condition of the collision point until the collision point does not occur; if no collision point occurs, directly carrying out the subsequent step;

s7: modeling and calculating the quantity of the electromechanical BIM model, and purchasing materials according to the quantity;

s8: and installing the electromechanical equipment and the pipeline into the built integral structure of the house, rechecking according to the actual installation condition, and finishing the installation of the electromechanical equipment and the pipeline after the rechecking is qualified.

2. The building construction method based on the BIM preset model as claimed in claim 1, further comprising identifying and distinguishing the civil BIM model and the electromechanical BIM model according to component families to form a filter system.

3. The building construction method based on the BIM preset model as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S5, the distance between the strong and weak electric bridges is not less than 0.3m, and the distance between the pipes is not less than 0.1 m.

4. The BIM model-based pipe arranging method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising, before step S8, building a BIM model of a support hanger and pre-installing a support hanger before installing the pipe, the support hanger being used to fix the pipe to the beam.

5. The BIM model-based pipeline arranging method according to claim 4, wherein the bearing condition of each support and the arrangement position of each support are judged according to various BIM models of the pipeline, and the structure of each support and the hanger is designed according to the bearing condition and the arrangement position of each support and the hanger.

6. The BIM model-based pipeline arrangement method according to claim 1, wherein the drawing colors of the various pipelines are different, and the different pipelines are distinguished by colors.

7. The BIM model-based pipe arranging method according to claim 1, wherein in step S8, the method comprises correcting the installation position of the pipe in the BIM model according to the actual construction conditions, and the correction interval is ± 5 cm.

8. The BIM model-based piping arrangement method of claim 1, wherein in step S4, in the piping model building process, a space for a pipe branch to be turned and bent, a tee is left.

9. The BIM model-based piping arrangement method of claim 1, wherein the modeling sequence comprises one or more of a long pipeline to a temporary pipeline, a pressureless pipe to a high-pressure pipe to a low-pressure pipe, a nonmetallic pipe to a metallic pipe, a freezing pipe to a hot water pipe to a cold water pipe, and a drain pipe to a water supply pipe in step S4.

10. The BIM-model-based pipeline layout method according to claim 1, wherein the structure size reviewed in step S8 is imported into the BIM model, and a secondary calculation is performed, and the secondary calculation is compared with an actually used material, thereby analyzing a material waste rate and a material waste cause.

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